Tubing capillary stàilinn gun staoin AISI Duplex 2205
Raon saothrachaidh:
tiùb coil stàilinn gun staoin
coil tiùba stàilinn gun staoin
tubing coil stàilinn gun staoin
pìob coil stàilinn gun staoin
solaraichean tiùb coil stàilinn gun staoin
luchd-dèanaidh tiùban coil stàilinn
coil pìoba stàilinn gun staoin
Tha capillary stàilinn gun staoin, tiùb beag stàilinn gun staoin air a chleachdadh gu farsaing ann an làimhseachadh meidigeach, fiber optic, dèanamh peann, toraidhean tàthaidh dealanach, co-phàirteach càball aotrom, biadh, seann aimsir, bainne, deoch, bùth-leigheadaireachd agus bith-cheimigeachd, faodar diofar fhaid a thoirt seachad a rèir iarrtasan
Tiùban capillary le tolladh as àirde de 0.0158 a-steach., Ri fhaighinn ann an raon farsaing de stàilinn gun staoin.Tha pìoban capillary Sandvik air an comharrachadh le fulangas teann, agus tha uachdar a-staigh nan tiùban saor bho ola, sailleadh agus mìrean eile.Bidh seo a’ dèanamh cinnteach, mar eisimpleir, sruthadh làn-leasaichte agus cothromach de lioftaichean is ghasaichean bhon sensor chun inneal tomhais.
Stàilinn Coiled tubing ri fhaighinn ann an raon de dhiofar chruthan toraidh a rèir riatanasan luchd-cleachdaidh.Bidh stuth stàilinn stainless Licancheng sihe a’ saothrachadh thoraidhean tiùba tàthaichte agus fuaigheil.Is e na h-ìrean àbhaisteach 304 304L 316L (UNS S31603) Duplex 2205 (UNS S32205 & S31803) Super Duplex 2507 (UNS S32750) Incoloy 825 (UNS N08825) Inconel 6065 (UNS N. Duplex) ìrean eile de stàilinn gun staoin agus super duplex ri fhaighinn ma thèid iarraidh.
Trast-thomhas bho 3mm (0.118'') gu 25.4mm (1.00'') OD.Tighead balla bho 0.5mm (0.020'') gu 3mm (0.118'').
Sònrachadh
Brand | Liaocheng Sihe STEEL stainless |
Tigheadas | 0.1-2.0mm |
Trast-thomhas | 0.3-20mm (fulangas: ± 0.01mm) |
Ìre gun staoin | 201,202,304,304L,316L,317L,321,310s,254mso,904L,2205,625 etc. |
Crìoch air uachdar | a-staigh agus a-muigh tha an dà chuid soilleir annealing, glanadh, agus fuaigheal, gun aoidion. |
Inbhe | ASTM A269-2002.JIS G4305/ GB/T 12770-2002GB/T12771-2002 |
Fad | 200-1500m gach coil, no Mar neach-ceannach a dhìth |
Meud an stoc | 6*1mm,8*0.5mm,8*0.6mm,8*0.8mm,8*0.9mm,8*1mm,9.5*1mm,10*1mm,ect.. |
Teisteanas | ISO & BV |
Dòigh pacaidh | Pocannan fighe, pocannan plastaig msaa. |
Raon tagraidh | air a chleachdadh gu farsaing ann an gnìomhachas a’ bhidhe, uidheamachd dibhe, inneal lionn, iomlaidear teas, siostam solarachaidh bainne / uisge, uidheamachd meidigeach lùth grèine, uidheamachd meidigeach, itealain, aerospace, conaltradh, ola agus gnìomhachasan eile |
Thoir an aire | OEM / ODM / Label Ceannaiche air gabhail ris. |
Meud Tube Coil stàilinn | ||||||||||||||||
EILE | Ìre | Meud | Brùthadh | Fad | ||||||||||||
1 | 316L, 304L, 304 alloy 625 825 2205 2507 | 1/8 ″ × 0.025 ″ | 3200 | 500-35000 | ||||||||||||
2 | 316L, 304L, 304 alloy 625 825 2205 2507 | 1/8 ″ × 0.035 ″ | 3200 | 500-35000 | ||||||||||||
3 | 316L, 304L, 304 alloy 625 825 2205 2507 | 1/4" × 0.035 ″ | 2000 | 500-35000 | ||||||||||||
4 | 316L, 304L, 304 alloy 625 825 2205 2507 | 1/4" × 0.049 ″ | 2000 | 500-35000 | ||||||||||||
5 | 316L, 304L, 304 alloy 625 825 2205 2507 | 3/8 ″ × 0.035 ″ | 1500 | 500-35000 | ||||||||||||
6 | 316L, 304L, 304 alloy 625 825 2205 2507 | 3/8 ″ × 0.049 ″ | 1500 | 500-35000 | ||||||||||||
7 | 316L, 304L, 304 alloy 625 825 2205 2507 | 1/2 ″ × 0.049 ″ | 1000 | 500-35000 | ||||||||||||
8 | 316L, 304L, 304 alloy 625 825 2205 2507 | 1/2 ″ × 0.065 ″ | 1000 | 500-35000 | ||||||||||||
9 | 316L, 304L, 304 alloy 625 825 2205 2507 | φ3mm × 0.7mm | 3200 | 500-35000 | ||||||||||||
10 | 316L, 304L, 304 alloy 625 825 2205 2507 | φ3mm × 0.9mm | 3200 | 500-35000 | ||||||||||||
11 | 316L, 304L, 304 alloy 625 825 2205 2507 | φ4mm × 0.9mm | 3000 | 500-35000 | ||||||||||||
12 | 316L, 304L, 304 alloy 625 825 2205 2507 | φ4mm × 1.1mm | 3000 | 500-35000 | ||||||||||||
13 | 316L, 304L, 304 alloy 625 825 2205 2507 | φ6mm × 0.9mm | 2000 | 500-35000 | ||||||||||||
14 | 316L, 304L, 304 alloy 625 825 2205 2507 | φ6mm × 1.1mm | 2000 | 500-35000 | ||||||||||||
15 | 316L, 304L, 304 alloy 625 825 2205 2507 | φ8mm × 1mm | 1800 | 500-35000 | ||||||||||||
16 | 316L, 304L, 304 alloy 625 825 2205 2507 | φ8mm × 1.2mm | 1800 | 500-35000 | ||||||||||||
17 | 316L, 304L, 304 alloy 625 825 2205 2507 | φ10mm × 1mm | 1500 | 500-35000 | ||||||||||||
18 | 316L, 304L, 304 alloy 625 825 2205 2507 | φ10mm × 1.2mm | 1500 | 500-35000 | ||||||||||||
19 | 316L, 304L, 304 alloy 625 825 2205 2507 | φ10mm × 2mm | 500 | 500-35000 | ||||||||||||
20 | 316L, 304L, 304 alloy 625 825 2205 2507 | φ12mm × 1.5mm | 500 | 500-35000 | ||||||||||||
Clàran cuideam | ||||||||||||||||
Tha taghadh an stuth iomchaidh airson loidhne smachd no stealladh ceimigeach sam bith an urra ri cumhachan obrachaidh is làraich.Gus cuideachadh leis an taghadh, tha na clàran a leanas a’ toirt seachad ìrean cuideam a-staigh agus na feartan rèiteachaidh airson raon de ìrean agus meudan cumanta de phìoban stainless le tàthadh le laser. | ||||||||||||||||
An cuideam as àirde (P) airson TP 316L aig 100°F (38°C)1) | ||||||||||||||||
Feuch an toir thu sùil air factaran atharrachaidh ìre agus cruth toraidh gu h-ìosal. | ||||||||||||||||
Taobh a-muigh trast-thomhas, anns. | Tighead balla, a-steach. | Cuideam obrach2) | Brùthadh burst2) | Lùghdaich cuideam4) | ||||||||||||
psi (MPa) | psi (MPa) | psi (MPa) | ||||||||||||||
1/4 | 0.035 | 6,600 (46) | 22,470 (155) | 6,600 (46) | ||||||||||||
1/4 | 0.049 | 9,260 (64) | 27,400 (189) | 8,710 (60) | ||||||||||||
1/4 | 0.065 | 12,280 (85) | 34,640 (239) | 10,750 (74) | ||||||||||||
3/8 | 0.035 | 4,410 (30) | 19,160 (132) | 4,610 (32) | ||||||||||||
3/8 | 0.049 | 6,170 (43) | 21,750 (150) | 6,220 (43) | ||||||||||||
3/8 | 0.065 | 8,190 (56) | 25,260 (174) | 7,900 (54) | ||||||||||||
3/8 | 0.083 | 10,450 (72) | 30,050 (207) | 9,570 (66) | ||||||||||||
1/2 | 0.049 | 4,630 (32) | 19,460 (134) | 4,820 (33) | ||||||||||||
1/2 | 0.065 | 6,140 (42) | 21,700 (150) | 6,200 (43) | ||||||||||||
1/2 | 0.083 | 7,840 (54) | 24,600 (170) | 7,620 (53) | ||||||||||||
5/8 | 0.049 | 3,700 (26) | 18,230 (126) | 3,930 (27) | ||||||||||||
5/8 | 0.065 | 4,900 (34) | 19,860 (137) | 5,090 (35) | ||||||||||||
5/8 | 0.083 | 6,270 (43) | 26,910 (151) | 6,310 (44) | ||||||||||||
3/4 | 0.049 | 3,080 (21) | 17,470 (120) | 3,320 (23) | ||||||||||||
3/4 | 0.065 | 4,090 (28) | 18,740 (129) | 4,310 (30) | ||||||||||||
3/4 | 0.083 | 5,220 (36) | 20,310 (140) | 5,380 (37) | ||||||||||||
1) tuairmsean a-mhàin.Bu chòir cuideaman fìrinneach a thomhas a’ beachdachadh air a h-uile feart cuideam san t-siostam. | ||||||||||||||||
2) Stèidhichte air àireamhachadh bho API 5C3, a 'cleachdadh balla fulangas de +/- 10% | ||||||||||||||||
3) Stèidhichte air àireamhachadh burst neart mu dheireadh bho API 5C3 | ||||||||||||||||
4) Stèidhichte air àireamhachadh tuiteam neart toraidh bho API 5C3 | ||||||||||||||||
Factaran rèiteachaidh airson crìochan cuideam obrach1) | ||||||||||||||||
Pw = iomradh air ìre cuideam obrach airson TP 316L aig 100 ° F (38 ° C).Gus cuideam obrach a dhearbhadh airson measgachadh ìre / teòthachd, iomadaich Pw le factar atharrachaidh. | ||||||||||||||||
Ìre | 100°F | 200°F | 300°F | 400°F | ||||||||||||
(38°C) | (93°C) | (149°C) | (204°C) | |||||||||||||
TP 316L, fuaigheal | 1 | 0.87 | 0.7 | 0.63 | ||||||||||||
TP 316L, tàthadh | 0.85 | 0.74 | 0.6 | 0.54 | ||||||||||||
Alloy 825, fuaigheal | 1.33 | 1.17 | 1.1 | 1.03 | ||||||||||||
Alloy 825, tàthadh | 1.13 | 1.99 | 1.94 | 0.88 | ||||||||||||
1) Factaran rèiteachaidh stèidhichte air cuideam ceadaichte ann an ASME. | ||||||||||||||||
Factaran rèiteachaidh airson crìochan cuideam burst1) | ||||||||||||||||
Pb = cuideam burst iomraidh airson TP 316L aig 100 ° F.Gus cuideam burst a dhearbhadh airson measgachadh ìre / teòthachd, iomadaich Pb le factar atharrachaidh. | ||||||||||||||||
Ìre | 100°F | 200°F | 300°F | 400°F | ||||||||||||
(38°C) | (93°C) | (149°C) | (204°C) | |||||||||||||
TP 316L, fuaigheal | 1 | 0.93 | 0.87 | 0.8 | ||||||||||||
TP 316L, tàthadh | 0.85 | 0.79 | 0.74 | 0.68 | ||||||||||||
Alloy 825, fuaigheal | 1.13 | 1.07 | 1 | 0.87 | ||||||||||||
Alloy 825, tàthadh | 0.96 | 0.91 | 0.85 | 0.74 | ||||||||||||
1) Factaran rèiteachaidh stèidhichte air neart deireannach ann an ASME. |
Co-dhèanamh ceimigeach:
316 Tiùb capillary stàilinn | |||||||||
Ìre | UNS | C | Cr | Ni | Mo | cuid eile | |||
max. | |||||||||
TP 316L | S31600/ S31603 | 0.03 | 17.5 | 13 | 2.1 | 0.1 | |||
Feartan meacanaigeach | |||||||||
Ìre | Neart toraidh, | Neart teannachaidh, | Leudachadh | ||||||
psi (MPa) | psi (MPa) | % | |||||||
TP 316L | 32,000 (220) | 75,000 (515) | 35 | ||||||
Feartan coirbeachd | |||||||||
Ìre | UNS | PRE1) | CPT2) F (oC) | H2S3 as àirde) | CO24) | ||||
TP 316L | S31600/S31603 | 24 | 95 (35) | Gun chrìoch | + |
▼Tiùban coiled stàilinn / pìoban coiled ìre stuth:
Na Stàitean Aonaichte | A' GHEARMAILT | A' GHEARMAILT | AN FHRAING | IAPAN | AN EADAILT | AN T-SUAIN | RA | EU | AN SPAINN | AN RUIS |
AISI | DIN 17006 | WN 17007 | AFNOR | JIS | UNI | SIS | BSI | EACHDRAIDH | ||
201 | SUS 201 | |||||||||
301 | X 12 CrNi 17 7 | 1.4310 | Z 12 CN 17-07 | SUS 301 | X 12 CrNi 1707 | 23 31 | 301S21 | X 12 CrNi 17 7 | X 12 CrNi 17-07 | |
302 | X 5 CrNi 18 7 | 1.4319 | Z 10 CN 18-09 | SUS 302 | X 10 CrNi 1809 | 23 31 | 302S25 | X 10 CrNi 18 9 | X 10 CrNi 18-09 | 12KH18N9 |
303 | X 10 CrNiS 18 9 | 1.4305 | Z 10 CNF 18-09 | SUS 303 | X 10 CrNiS 1809 | 23 46 | 303S21 | X 10 CrNiS 18 9 | X 10 CrNiS 18-09 | |
303 Se | Z 10 CNF 18-09 | SUS 303 Se | X 10 CrNiS 1809 | 303S41 | X 10 CrNiS 18-09 | 12KH18N10E | ||||
304 | X 5 CrNi 18 10 X 5 CrNi 18 12 | 1.4301 1.4303 | Z 6 CN 18-09 | SUS 304 | X 5 CrNi 1810 | 23 32 | 304S15 304S16 | X 6 CrNi 18 10 | X 6 CrNi 19-10 | 08KH18N10 06KH18N11 |
304 n | SUS 304N1 | X 5 CrNiN 1810 | ||||||||
304 H | SUS F 304H | X 8 CrNi 1910 | X 6 CrNi 19-10 | |||||||
304 l | X 2 CrNi 18 11 | 1.4306 | Z 2 CN 18-10 | SUS 304L | X 2 CrNi 1911 | 23 52 | 304S11 | X 3 CrNi 18 10 | X 2 CrNi 19-10 | 03KH18N11 |
X 2 CrNiN 18 10 | 1.4311 | Z 2 CN 18-10-Az | SUS 304LN | X 2 CrNiN, 1811 | 23 71 | |||||
305 | Z 8 CN 18-12 | SUS 305 | X 8 CrNi 1812 | 23 33 | 305S19 | X 8 CrNi 18 12 | X 8 CrNi 18-12 | |||
Z 6 CNU 18-10 | SUS XM7 | X 6 CrNiCu 18 10 4 Kd | ||||||||
309 | X 15 CrNiS 20 12 | 1.4828 | Z 15 CN 24-13 | SUH 309 | X 16 CrNi 2314 | 309S24 | X 15 CrNi 23 13 | |||
309 S | SUS 309S | X 6 CrNi 2314 | X 6 CrNi 22 13 | |||||||
310 | X 12 CrNi 25 21 | 1.4845 | SUH 310 | X 22 CrNi 2520 | 310S24 | 20KH23N18 | ||||
310 S | X 12 CrNi 25 20 | 1.4842 | Z 12 CN 25-20 | SUS 310S | X 5 CrNi 2520 | 23 61 | X 6 CrNi 25 20 | 10KH23N18 | ||
314 | X 15 CrNiSi 25 20 | 1.4841 | Z 12 CNS 25-20 | X 16 CrNiSi 2520 | X 15 CrNiSi 25 20 | 20KH25N20S2 | ||||
316 | X 5 CrNiMo 17 12 2 | 1.4401 | Z 6 CND 17-11 | SUS 316 | X 5 CrNiMo 1712 | 23 47 | 316S31 | X 6 CrNiMo 17 12 2 | X 6 CrNiMo 17-12-03 | |
316 | X 5 CrNiMo 17 13 3 | 1.4436 | Z 6 CND 17-12 | SUS 316 | X 5 CrNiMo 1713 | 23 43 | 316S33 | X 6 CrNiMo 17 13 3 | X 6 CrNiMo 17-12-03 | |
316 f | X 12 CrNiMoS 18 11 | 1.4427 | ||||||||
316 N | SUS 316N | |||||||||
316 H | SUS F 316H | X 8 CrNiMo 1712 | X 5 CrNiMo 17-12 | |||||||
316 H | X 8 CrNiMo 1713 | X 6 CrNiMo 17-12-03 | ||||||||
316 l | X 2 CrNiMo 17 13 2 | 1.4404 | Z 2 CND 17-12 | SUS 316L | X 2 CrNiMo 1712 | 23 48 | 316S11 | X 3 CrNiMo 17 12 2 | X 2 CrNiMo 17-12-03 | 03KH17N14M2 |
X 2 Criosduidh 17 12 2 | 1.4406 | Z 2 CND 17-12-Az | SUS 316LN | X 2 Criosda, 1712 | ||||||
316 l | X 2 CrNiMo 18 14 3 | 1.4435 | Z 2 CND 17-13 | X 2 CrNiMo 1713 | 23 53 | 316S13 | X 3 CrNiMo 17 13 3 | X 2 CrNiMo 17-12-03 | 03KH16N15M3 | |
X 2 Criosduidh 17 13 3 | 1.4429 | Z 2 CND 17-13-Az | X 2 Criosduidh, 1713 | 23 75 | ||||||
X 6 CrNiMoTi 17 12 2 | 1.4571 | Z6 CNDT 17-12 | X 6 CrNiMoTi 1712 | 23 50 | 320S31 | X 6 CrNiMoTi 17 12 2 | X 6 CrNiMoTi 17-12-03 | 08KH17N13M2T 10KH17N13M2T | ||
X 10 CrNiMoTi 18 12 | 1.4573 | X 6 CrNiMoTi 1713 | 320S33 | X 6 CrNiMoTI 17 13 3 | X 6 CrNiMoTi 17-12-03 | 08KH17N13M2T 10KH17N13M2T | ||||
X 6 CrNiMoNb 17 12 2 | 1.4580 | Z 6 CNDNb 17-12 | X 6 CrNiMoNb 1712 | X 6 CrNiMoNb 17 12 2 | 08KH16N13M2B | |||||
X 10 CrNiMoNb 18 12 | 1.4583 | X 6 CrNiMoNb 1713 | X 6 CrNiMoNb 17 13 3 | 09KH16N15M3B | ||||||
317 | SUS 317 | X 5 CrNiMo 1815 | 23 66 | 317S16 | ||||||
317 l | X 2 CrNiMo 18 16 4 | 1.4438 | Z 2 CND 19-15 | SUS 317L | X 2 CrNiMo 1815 | 23 67 | 317S12 | X 3 CrNiMo 18 16 4 | ||
317 l | X 2 CrNiMo 18 16 4 | 1.4438 | Z 2 CND 19-15 | SUS 317L | X 2 CrNiMo 1816 | 23 67 | 317S12 | X 3 CrNiMo 18 16 4 | ||
330 | X 12 NiCrSi 36 16 | 1.4864 | Z 12NCS 35-16 | SUH 330 | ||||||
321 | X 6 CrNiTi 18 10 X 12 CrNiTi 18 9 | 1.4541 1.4878 | Z 6 CNT 18-10 | SUS 321 | X 6 CrNiTi 1811 | 23 37 | 321S31 | X 6 CrNiTi 18 10 | X 6 CrNiTi 18-11 | 08KH18N10T |
321 H | SUS 321H | X 8 CrNiTi 1811 | 321S20 | X 7 CrNiTi 18-11 | 12KH18N10T | |||||
329 | X 8 CrNiMo 27 5 | 1.4460 | SUS 329J1 | 23 24 | ||||||
347 | X 6 CrNiNb 18 10 | 1.4550 | Z 6 CNNb 18-10 | SUS 347 | X 6 CrNiNb 1811 | 23 38 | 347S31 | X 6 CrNiNb 18 10 | X 6 CrNiNb 18-11 | 08KH18N12B |
347 H | SUS F 347H | X 8 CrNiNb 1811 | X 7 CrNiNb 18-11 | |||||||
904L | 1.4939 | Z 12 CNDV 12-02 | ||||||||
X 20 CrNiSi 25 4 | 1.4821 | |||||||||
UNS31803 | X 2 Criosduidh 22 5 | 1.4462 | ||||||||
UNS32760 | X 3 Criosduidh 25 7 | 1.4501 | Z 3 CND 25-06Az | |||||||
403 | X 6 Cr 13 X 10 Cr 13 X 15 Cr 13 | 1.4000 1.4006 1.4024 | Z 12 C 13 | SUS 403 | X 12 Cr 13 | 23 02 | 403S17 | X 10 Cr 13 X 12 Cr 13 | X 6 Cr 13 | 12 Kh13 |
405 | X 6 CRal 13 | 1.4002 | Z 6 CA 13 | SUS 405 | X 6 CRal 13 | 405S17 | X 6 CRal 13 | X 6 CRal 13 | ||
X 10 CRAL 7 | 1.4713 | Z 8 CA 7 | X 10 CRAL 7 | |||||||
X 10 CRAL 13 | 1.4724 | X 10 CRAL 12 | 10Kh13SYu | |||||||
X 10 CRAL 18 | 1.4742 | X 10 CrSiAl 18 | 15Kh18SYu | |||||||
409 | X 6 CrTi 12 | 1.4512 | Z 6 CT 12 | SUH 409 | X 6 CrTi 12 | 409S19 | X 5 CrTi 12 | |||
X 2 CrTi 12 | ||||||||||
410 | X 6 Cr 13 X 10 Cr 13 X 15 Cr 13 | 1.4000 1.4006 1.4024 | Z 10 C 13 Z 12 C 13 | SUS 410 | X 12 Cr 13 | 23 02 | 410S21 | X 12 Cr 13 | X 12 Cr 13 | 12 Kh13 |
410 S | X 6 Cr 13 | 1.4000 | Z 6 C 13 | SUS 410S | X 6 Cr 13 | 23 01 | 403S17 | X 6 Cr 13 | 08Kh13 | |
414 |
Buannachd càileachd:
Tha càileachd ar toraidhean airson an loidhne smachd ann an roinn ola is gas air a dhearbhadh chan ann a-mhàin tron phròiseas saothrachaidh fo smachd ach cuideachd tro dheuchainn toraidh crìochnaichte.Am measg nan deuchainnean àbhaisteach tha:
1.Non-destructive deuchainnean
2. Hydrostatic deuchainnean
Smachdan crìochnachaidh 3.Surface
4. Tomhais cruinneas meud
5.Flare agus deuchainnean coning
6. Deuchainn seilbh meacanaigeach agus ceimigeach
An aplacaid caillary tube
1) Gnìomhachas innealan meidigeach
2) smachd teothachd gnìomhachais air a stiùireadh le teòthachd, pìob air a chleachdadh le mothachairean, teirmiméadar tiùba
3) Tiùb cridhe gnìomhachas cùram peann
4) antenna meanbh-tiùb, diofar sheòrsaichean de antenna stàilinn beag mionaideachd
5) Le measgachadh de beag-trast-thomhas eileagtronaigeach stàilinn capillary
6) Punch snàthad seuda
7) uaireadairean, dealbh
8) Tiùb antenna càr, antennas bàr a’ cleachdadh phìoban, tiùb antenna
9) Uidheam gràbhalaidh laser gus tiùb stàilinn gun staoin a chleachdadh
10) Uidheam iasgaich, sgeadachadh, Yugan a-muigh le seilbh
11) Diet le capillary stàilinn
12) a h-uile seòrsa de fhòn-làimhe stylus agus stylus coimpiutair
13) Teasachadh pìoba gnìomhachas, ola gnìomhachas
14) Clò-bhualadairean, snàthad bogsa sàmhach
15) Tarraing tiùb stàilinn le dà leaghadh air a chleachdadh ann an ceangal uinneig
16) Measgachadh de thrast-thomhas beag gnìomhachais Tiùban stàilinn gun staoin
17) Precision riarachadh le snàthadan stàilinn
18) Micreofon, fònaichean-cluaise agus microfòn gus tiùb stàilinn gun staoin a chleachdadh, agus mar sin air adhart