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Gurɓataccen yanayin kula da lafiya yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen yaɗuwar ƙwayoyin cuta masu jure wa miyagun ƙwayoyi (MDR) da C. difficile.Manufar wannan binciken shine don kimanta tasirin ozone da aka samar da dielectric barrier sallama (DBD) plasma reactor akan aikin vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis (VRE), carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRE), carbapenem-resistant Antibacterial effects na daban-daban kayan gurbata tare da Pseudomonas spp.Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA), carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) da Clostridium difficile spores.Daban-daban kayan da aka gurbata tare da VRE, CRE, CRPA, CRAB da C. wuyan spores an bi da su tare da lemar ozone a lokuta daban-daban da lokuta masu ban sha'awa.Atomic Force microscopy (AFM) ya nuna gyare-gyaren saman ƙwayoyin cuta bayan maganin ozone.Lokacin da aka yi amfani da kashi na 500 ppm ozone zuwa VRE da CRAB na mintuna 15, an sami raguwar kusan 2 ko fiye log10 a cikin bakin karfe, masana'anta da itace, kuma an lura da raguwar 1-2 log10 a gilashin da filastik.C. spores masu wuya an gano sun fi juriya ga ozone fiye da sauran kwayoyin halitta da aka gwada.A kan AFM, bayan jiyya tare da ozone, ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta sun kumbura kuma sun lalace.Ozone wanda DBD Plasma Reactor ya samar shine kayan aiki mai sauƙi kuma mai daraja don MDRO da C. difficile spores, waɗanda aka sani su zama ƙwayoyin cuta na yau da kullun na cututtukan da ke da alaƙa da kiwon lafiya.
Samuwar kwayoyin halitta masu jure wa miyagun kwayoyi na faruwa ne sakamakon rashin amfani da maganin kashe kwayoyin cuta a cikin mutane da dabbobi kuma Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO) ta bayyana cewa babbar barazana ce ga lafiyar al’umma1.Musamman ma, cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya suna ƙara fuskantar bullowa da yaduwar MROs.Babban MROs sune Staphylococcus aureus da methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus da vancomycin-resistant enterococcus (VRE), Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing enterobacteria (ESBL), multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii, da kuma Enterobpenem resistant.Bugu da kari, Clostridium difficile kamuwa da cuta shine babban dalilin da ke haifar da zawo mai alaƙa da kiwon lafiya, yana ɗaukar nauyi mai nauyi akan tsarin kula da lafiya.MDRO da C. difficile ana yada su ta hannun ma'aikatan kiwon lafiya, gurɓataccen muhalli, ko kai tsaye daga mutum zuwa mutum.Binciken na baya-bayan nan ya nuna cewa gurɓataccen yanayi a cikin saitunan kiwon lafiya suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen watsa MDRO da C. wahala lokacin da ma'aikatan kiwon lafiya (HCWs) suka shiga tare da gurɓataccen wuri ko lokacin da marasa lafiya suka shiga cikin hulɗar kai tsaye tare da gurɓataccen wuri 3,4.gurɓataccen mahalli a cikin saitunan kula da lafiya yana rage haɗarin MLRO da C. ƙaƙƙarfan kamuwa da cuta ko mulkin mallaka5,6,7.Ganin damuwar duniya game da haɓakar juriya na ƙwayoyin cuta, a bayyane yake cewa ana buƙatar ƙarin bincike kan hanyoyin da hanyoyin lalata a cikin saitunan kiwon lafiya.Kwanan nan, hanyoyin tsaftace wuraren da ba a tuntuɓar juna ba, musamman kayan aikin ultraviolet (UV) ko tsarin hydrogen peroxide, an gane su azaman hanyoyin ƙazanta.Duk da haka, waɗannan na'urorin UV ko hydrogen peroxide da ake samu a kasuwa ba tsada kawai ba ne, ƙwayar cutar UV tana da tasiri kawai akan filaye da aka fallasa, yayin da maganin ƙwayar plasma na hydrogen peroxide yana buƙatar ɗan lokaci mai tsawo na ƙazanta kafin sake zagayowar rigakafin na gaba5.
Ozone yana da sanannun kaddarorin rigakafin lalata kuma ana iya samar da su cikin tsada8.Hakanan an san cewa yana da guba ga lafiyar ɗan adam, amma yana iya saurin rubewa zuwa iskar oxygen 8. Dielectric barrier release (DBD) plasma reactors sune mafi yawan na'urorin samar da ozone9.Kayan aikin DBD yana ba ku damar ƙirƙirar plasma mai ƙarancin zafin jiki a cikin iska da samar da ozone.Har ya zuwa yanzu, amfani da Ozone a aikace ya kasance yana iyakance ga lalata ruwan wanka, ruwan sha da najasa10.Yawancin karatu sun ba da rahoton amfani da shi a cikin saitunan kiwon lafiya8,11.
A cikin wannan binciken, mun yi amfani da ƙaramin DBD plasma ozone janareta don nuna tasirin sa wajen kawar da MDRO da C. difficile, har ma da waɗanda aka yi amfani da su akan wasu kayan da aka saba amfani da su a cikin saitunan likita.Bugu da ƙari, an ƙaddamar da tsarin haifuwa na ozone ta hanyar amfani da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta (AFM) na ƙwayoyin da aka yi wa ozone.
An samo nau'i daga ɓangarorin asibiti na: VRE (SCH 479 da SCH 637), Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenem (CRE; SCH CRE-14 da DKA-1), carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA; 54 da 83) da ƙwayoyin cuta.kwayoyin cutar Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA; 54 da 83).resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB; F2487 da SCH-511).An samu C. difficile daga Tarin Al'adu na Kasa (NCCP 11840) na Hukumar Kula da Cututtuka da Cututtuka ta Koriya.An keɓe shi daga majiyyaci a Koriya ta Kudu a cikin 2019 kuma an same shi yana cikin ST15 ta amfani da jerin nau'ikan rubutu da yawa.Jikowar Zuciya na Brain (BHI) Broth (BD, Sparks, MD, Amurka) da aka yiwa allura da VRE, CRE, CRPA da CRAB an gauraye su da kyau kuma an sanya su a 37 ° C. na awanni 24.
C. difficile an yi ta anaerobically akan agar jini na awanni 48.Sannan an ƙara wasu yankuna da yawa zuwa 5 ml na broth na zuciya na kwakwalwa kuma an sanya su a ƙarƙashin yanayin anaerobic na sa'o'i 48.Bayan haka, an girgiza al'adar, an ƙara 5 ml na 95% ethanol, sake girgiza kuma a bar shi a dakin da zafin jiki na minti 30.Bayan centrifugation a 3000 g na minti 20, jefar da supernatant kuma dakatar da pellet dauke da spores da kashe kwayoyin cuta a cikin 0.3 ml na ruwa.Kwayoyin da za a iya amfani da su an kirga su ta hanyar karkatar da kwayar cutar kwayar cutar a kan faranti na agar na jini bayan narkar da ta dace.Gram tabo ya tabbatar da cewa 85% zuwa 90% na tsarin kwayoyin cuta ne.
An gudanar da binciken da ke gaba don bincika sakamakon ozone a matsayin mai kashe kwayoyin cuta a kan sassa daban-daban da aka gurbata tare da MDRO da C. difficile spores, waɗanda aka sani suna haifar da cututtuka masu alaƙa da kiwon lafiya.Shirya samfurori na bakin karfe, masana'anta (auduga), gilashi, filastik (acrylic), da itace (pine) masu auna santimita ɗaya da santimita ɗaya.Kashe takardun shaida kafin amfani.Duk samfuran an haifuwa ta hanyar autoclaving kafin kamuwa da cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta.
A cikin wannan binciken, ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta sun bazu a kan sassa daban-daban da kuma a kan faranti na agar.Daga nan sai a haifuwar fafutukan ta hanyar fallasa su zuwa ozone na wani ɗan lokaci kuma a wani wuri a cikin ɗakin da aka rufe.A kan fig.1 hoto ne na kayan aikin haifuwa na ozone.An ƙirƙira maƙallan plasma na DBD ta hanyar haɗa raɗaɗɗen raɗaɗi da fallasa na'urorin lantarki na bakin karfe zuwa gaba da bayan faranti na alumina (dielectric) mai kauri mm 1.Don masu rarrafe, buɗaɗɗen buɗaɗɗen buɗaɗɗen da rami sun kasance 3 mm da 0.33 mm, bi da bi.Kowace lantarki yana da siffar zagaye da diamita na 43 mm.An yi amfani da babban ƙarfin wutar lantarki mai girma na mitar wutar lantarki (GBS Elektronik GmbH Minipuls 2.2) don amfani da wutar lantarki ta sinusoidal mai kusan 8 kV kololuwa zuwa ganiya a mitar 12.5 kHz zuwa raɗaɗin lantarki don samar da plasma a gefuna na lantarki.perforated lantarki.Tun da fasaha hanyar haifuwa ce ta iskar gas, ana aiwatar da haifuwa a cikin ɗaki da aka raba ta girma zuwa ɗakuna na sama da na ƙasa, waɗanda ke ɗauke da samfuran gurɓatattun ƙwayoyin cuta da na'urorin samar da plasma, bi da bi.Babban ɗakin yana da tashoshin bawul guda biyu don cirewa da fitar da ragowar ozone.Kafin yin amfani da shi a cikin gwajin, an auna canjin lokacin maida hankali na ozone a cikin dakin bayan kunna shigarwar plasma bisa ga nau'in ɗaukar hoto na layin spectral na 253.65 nm na fitilar mercury.
(a) Tsarin saitin gwaji don haifuwar ƙwayoyin cuta akan abubuwa daban-daban ta amfani da ozone da aka samar a cikin injin plasma na DBD, da (b) maida hankali na ozone da lokacin samar da plasma a cikin ɗakin haifuwa.An yi adadi ta amfani da sigar OriginPro 9.0 (OriginPro software, Northampton, MA, Amurka; https://www.originlab.com).
Na farko, ta hanyar lalata ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda aka sanya a kan faranti na agar tare da ozone, yayin da ake canza yanayin sararin samaniya da lokacin jiyya, an ƙayyade ma'anar sararin samaniya da kuma lokacin jiyya don lalata MDRO da C. difficile.Yayin aikin haifuwa, ana fara wanke ɗakin da iskar yanayi sannan a cika shi da ozone ta hanyar kunna naúrar plasma.Bayan an yi maganin samfuran da ozone na wani ƙayyadadden lokaci, ana amfani da famfon diaphragm don cire sauran ozone.Ma'aunin ya yi amfani da samfurin cikakken al'adun sa'o'i 24 (~ 108 CFU/ml).Samfurori na dakatarwar ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta (20 μl) an fara tsoma su a jere sau goma tare da saline mara kyau, sannan an rarraba waɗannan samfuran akan faranti na agar da aka haifuwa da ozone a cikin ɗakin.Bayan haka, samfurori da aka maimaita, wanda ya ƙunshi samfurori da aka fallasa kuma ba a fallasa su ga ozone ba, an sanya su a 37 ° C na tsawon sa'o'i 24 kuma an ƙidaya mazauna don kimanta tasiri na haifuwa.
Bugu da ari, bisa ga yanayin haifuwa da aka ayyana a cikin binciken da ke sama, an kimanta tasirin lalatawar wannan fasaha akan MDRO da C. difficile ta amfani da takaddun shaida na kayan daban-daban (bakin ƙarfe, masana'anta, gilashin, filastik da takardun shaida na itace) da aka saba amfani da su a cikin cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya.An yi amfani da cikakkun al'adun sa'o'i 24 (~ 108 cfu/ml).Samfurori na dakatarwar kwayar cutar kwayan cuta (20 μl) an shayar da su akai-akai sau goma tare da salin bakararre, sa'an nan kuma an nutsar da takardun shaida a cikin waɗannan broths ɗin da aka diluted don tantance gurɓatawa.Samfurori da aka cire bayan nutsewa a cikin broth na dilution an sanya su a cikin jita-jita na Petri mara kyau kuma a bushe a cikin dakin da zafin jiki na awanni 24.Sanya murfin petri a kan samfurin kuma a hankali sanya shi cikin dakin gwaji.Cire murfin daga tasa Petri kuma nuna samfurin zuwa 500 ppm ozone na minti 15.An sanya samfuran sarrafawa a cikin ma'ajin aminci na halitta kuma ba a fallasa su ga ozone.Nan da nan bayan bayyanar da ozone, samfurori da samfurori marasa haske (watau sarrafawa) an haɗe su da salin bakararre ta amfani da mahaɗin vortex don ware ƙwayoyin cuta daga saman.An dakatar da dakatarwar da aka yi amfani da shi sau 10 tare da saline maras kyau, bayan haka an ƙayyade adadin kwayoyin da aka lalata a kan faranti na agar jini (don kwayoyin aerobic) ko faranti na agar jini na anaerobic don Brucella (na Clostridium difficile) kuma an sanya shi a 37 ° C na 24 hours.ko a ƙarƙashin yanayin anaerobic na awanni 48 a 37 ° C a cikin kwafi don ƙayyade ƙaddamarwar farko na inoculum.An ƙididdige bambancin ƙididdiga na ƙwayoyin cuta tsakanin sarrafawar da ba a bayyana ba da samfuran da aka fallasa don ba da raguwar log ɗin ƙididdiga na ƙwayoyin cuta (watau ingancin haifuwa) ƙarƙashin yanayin gwaji.
Dole ne a cire ƙwayoyin halitta a kan farantin hoto na AFM;don haka, ana amfani da faifan mica mai lebur kuma daidai gwargwado tare da ma'auni mafi ƙanƙanta fiye da girman tantanin halitta a matsayin ƙasa.Diamita da kauri na fayafai sun kasance 20 mm da 0.21 mm, bi da bi.Don danne sel zuwa saman, an lulluɓe saman mica da poly-L-lysine (200 µl), yana sa shi caji mai inganci kuma membrane tantanin halitta yana da mummunan caji.Bayan an rufe su da poly-L-lysine, an wanke mica disks sau 3 tare da ruwa 1 ml deionized (DI) kuma an bushe iska a cikin dare.Sa'an nan kuma, an yi amfani da kwayoyin kwayoyin cutar zuwa ga mica mai rufi tare da poly-L-lysine ta hanyar yin amfani da maganin ƙwayar cuta mai narkewa, ya bar minti 30, sa'an nan kuma an wanke mica tare da 1 ml na ruwa mai tsabta.
Rabin samfurori an bi da su tare da ozone da kuma yanayin sararin samaniya na faranti na mica da aka ɗora tare da VRE, CRAB da C. ƙananan spores an gani ta amfani da AFM (XE-7, tsarin shakatawa).An saita yanayin aiki na AFM zuwa yanayin taɓawa, wanda hanya ce ta gama gari don ɗaukar ƙwayoyin halitta.A cikin gwaje-gwajen, an yi amfani da microcantilever da aka ƙera don yanayin da ba a tuntuɓe ba (OMCL-AC160TS, OLYMPUS Microscope).An yi rikodin Hotunan AFM bisa ƙimar binciken bincike na 0.5 Hz wanda ya haifar da ƙudurin hoto na 2048 × 2048 pixels.
Don ƙayyade yanayin da masu sarrafa plasma na DBD ke da tasiri don haifuwa, mun gudanar da gwaje-gwajen gwaje-gwaje ta amfani da MDRO (VRE, CRE, CRPA, da CRAB) da C. yana da wuya a bambanta maida hankali na ozone da lokacin nunawa.A kan fig.1b yana nuna madaidaicin lokacin tattarawar ozone don kowane yanayin gwaji bayan kunna na'urar plasma.Matsakaicin ya karu da logarithmically, ya kai 300 da 500 ppm bayan mintuna 1.5 da 2.5, bi da bi.Gwaje-gwaje na farko tare da VRE sun nuna cewa mafi ƙarancin da ake buƙata don lalata ƙwayoyin cuta yadda ya kamata shine 300 ppm ozone na mintuna 10.Don haka, a cikin gwaje-gwaje masu zuwa, MDRO da C. difficile an fallasa su zuwa ozone a wurare daban-daban guda biyu (300 da 500 ppm) kuma a lokuta daban-daban guda biyu (minti 10 da 15).An ƙididdige ingancin haifuwa ga kowane kashi na ozone da saitin lokacin fallasa kuma an nuna shi a cikin Table 1. Bayyanawa zuwa 300 ko 500 ppm ozone na mintuna 10-15 ya haifar da raguwar gabaɗaya a cikin VRE na 2 ko fiye log10.Wannan babban matakin kashe kwayoyin cuta tare da CRE an cimma shi tare da mintuna 15 na fallasa zuwa 300 ko 500 ppm ozone. Babban raguwa a cikin CRPA (> 7 log10) an samu tare da fallasa zuwa 500 ppm na ozone na 15 min. Babban raguwa a cikin CRPA (> 7 log10) an samu tare da fallasa zuwa 500 ppm na ozone na 15 min. Высокое снижение CRPA (> 7 log10) было достигнуто при воздействии 500 частей на миллион озона в течение 15. An sami babban raguwa a cikin CRPA (> 7 log10) tare da fallasa zuwa 500 ppm ozone na mintuna 15.暴露于500 ppm 的臭氧15 分钟后，可大幅降低CRPA (> 7 log10)。暴露于500 ppm 的臭氧15 分钟后，可大幅降低CRPA (> 7 log10)。 Существенное снижение CRPA (> 7 log10) после 15-минутного воздействия озона с концентрацией 500 ppm. Mahimman ragi a cikin CRPA (> 7 log10) bayan mintuna 15 fallasa zuwa 500 ppm ozone.Rashin kashe kwayoyin cutar CRAB a 300 ppm ozone; duk da haka, a 500 ppm ozone, an sami raguwa> 1.5 log10. duk da haka, a 500 ppm ozone, an sami raguwa> 1.5 log10. однако при концентрации озона 500 частей на миллион наблюдалось снижение > 1,5 log10. duk da haka, a wani taro na ozone na 500 ppm, an sami raguwar> 1.5 log10.然而，在500 ppm 臭氧下，减少了> 1.5 log10.然而，在500 ppm 臭氧下，减少了> 1.5 log10. Однако при концентрации озона 500 частей на миллион наблюдалось снижение >1,5 log10. Koyaya, a cikin maida hankali na ozone na 500 ppm, an sami raguwar> 1.5 log10. Bayyana C. difficile spores zuwa 300 ko 500 ppm ozone ya haifar da raguwa> 2.5 log10. Bayyana C. difficile spores zuwa 300 ko 500 ppm ozone ya haifar da raguwa> 2.5 log10. Воздействие на споры C. difficile озона с концентрацией 300 или 500 частей на миллион приводило к снижению > 2,5. Bayyanar C. difficile spores zuwa 300 ko 500 ppm ozone ya haifar da> 2.5 log10 ragi.将艰难梭菌孢子暴露于300 或500 ppm 的臭氧中导致> 2.5 log10 减少。 300 或500 ppm 的臭氧中导致> 2.5 log10 减少。 Воздействие на споры C. difficile озона с концентрацией 300 или 500 частей на миллион приводило к снижению >2,5. Bayyanar C. difficile spores zuwa 300 ko 500 ppm ozone ya haifar da> 2.5 log10 ragi.
Dangane da gwaje-gwajen da ke sama, an sami isassun buƙatu don kashe ƙwayoyin cuta a kashi 500 ppm ozone na mintuna 15.An gwada VRE, CRAB da C. difficile spores don tasirin germicidal na ozone akan abubuwa iri-iri ciki har da bakin karfe, masana'anta, gilashi, filastik da itace da aka saba amfani da su a asibitoci.Ana nuna ingancin haifuwar su a cikin Tebur 2. An kimanta kwayoyin gwaji sau biyu.A cikin VRE da CRAB, ozone ba shi da tasiri akan gilashin da filaye na filastik, kodayake an lura da raguwar log10 na kusan kashi 2 ko fiye akan bakin karfe, masana'anta da saman itace.C. An gano spores masu wuya sun fi juriya ga maganin ozone fiye da sauran kwayoyin halitta da aka gwada.Don nazarin ilimin kididdiga na tasirin ozone akan sakamakon kisa na kayan daban-daban akan VRE, CRAB, da C. difficile, an yi amfani da gwajin t-gwajin don kwatanta bambance-bambance tsakanin adadin CFU da milliliter a cikin sarrafawa da ƙungiyoyin gwaji akan kayan daban-daban (Fig. 2).nau'ikan sun nuna bambance-bambance masu mahimmanci na ƙididdiga, amma an lura da bambance-bambance masu mahimmanci ga VRE da CRAB spores fiye da na C. mai wuya.
Scatterplot na tasirin ozone akan kashe kwayoyin cuta na abubuwa daban-daban (a) VRE, (b) CRAB, da (c) C. difficile.
An yi hoton AFM akan maganin Ozone da VRE, CRAB, da C. masu wuyar spores don yin nazari dalla-dalla game da tsarin haifuwa na iskar gas.A kan fig.3a, c da e suna nuna hotunan AFM na VRE marasa magani, CRAB da C. difficile spores, bi da bi.Kamar yadda aka gani a cikin hotunan 3D, sel suna da santsi kuma ba su da kyau.Hoto na 3b, d da f suna nuna VRE, CRAB da C. masu wahala bayan maganin ozone.Ba wai kawai sun ragu a cikin girman gaba ɗaya don duk ƙwayoyin da aka gwada ba, amma saman su ya zama sananne sosai bayan bayyanar da ozone.
Hotunan AFM na VRE da ba a kula da su ba, MRAB da C. masu wahala (a, c, e) da (b, d, f) da aka bi da su tare da 500 ppm ozone na 15 min.An zana hotuna ta amfani da sigar Park Systems XEI 5.1.6 (XEI Software, Suwon, Korea; https://www.parksystems.com/102-products/park-xe-bio).
Bincikenmu ya nuna cewa ozone da kayan aikin plasma na DBD ke samarwa yana nuna ikon da za a iya lalata MDRO da C. spores mai wuyar gaske, waɗanda aka sani sune manyan abubuwan da ke haifar da cututtuka masu alaka da kiwon lafiya.Bugu da ƙari, a cikin bincikenmu, da aka ba da cewa gurɓataccen muhalli tare da MDRO da C. matsalolin spores na iya zama tushen cututtukan da ke da alaka da kiwon lafiya, an gano tasirin germicidal na ozone ya yi nasara ga kayan da aka yi amfani da su da farko a cikin saitunan asibiti.An yi gwaje-gwajen ƙazantawa ta amfani da kayan aikin plasma na DBD bayan gurɓataccen abu na wucin gadi kamar bakin karfe, zane, gilashi, filastik da itace tare da MDRO da C. difficile spores.A sakamakon haka, ko da yake tasirin lalatawa ya bambanta dangane da kayan, iyawar lalatawar ozone yana da ban mamaki.
Abubuwan da aka taɓa taɓawa akai-akai a cikin ɗakunan asibiti suna buƙatar na yau da kullun, ƙaƙƙarfan ƙwayar cuta.Hanyar da ta dace don lalata irin waɗannan abubuwa shine tsaftacewa ta hannu tare da mai tsabtace ruwa kamar quaternary ammonium fili 13. Ko da tare da bin shawarwarin da aka ba da shawarar don amfani da magungunan kashe qwari, MPO yana da wuyar cirewa ta hanyar tsaftace muhalli na gargajiya (yawanci tsaftacewa ta hannu)14.Don haka, ana buƙatar sabbin fasahohi, kamar hanyoyin da ba na sadarwa ba.Sakamakon haka, an sami sha'awar abubuwan kashe gas, gami da hydrogen peroxide da ozone10.Amfanin masu kashe iskar gas shine suna iya kaiwa wurare da abubuwan da hanyoyin gargajiya ba zasu iya kaiwa ba.An shigo da hydrogen peroxide kwanan nan a wuraren kiwon lafiya, duk da haka hydrogen peroxide kanta mai guba ne kuma dole ne a sarrafa shi bisa ga tsauraran hanyoyin kulawa.Haifuwar Plasma tare da hydrogen peroxide na buƙatar ɗan ɗan lokaci mai tsayi kafin sake zagayowar haifuwa na gaba.Sabanin haka, ozone yana aiki azaman wakili mai faffadan ƙwayoyin cuta, mai tasiri akan ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda ke da juriya ga sauran masu kashe ƙwayoyin cuta8,11,15.Bugu da ƙari, ana iya samar da ozone da rahusa daga iska mai iska kuma baya buƙatar ƙarin sinadarai masu guba waɗanda zasu iya barin sawun cutarwa a cikin muhalli, tun da yake a ƙarshe ya rushe zuwa oxygen.Duk da haka, dalilin da ya sa ba a amfani da ozone sosai a matsayin maganin kashe kwayoyin cuta shine kamar haka.Ozone yana da guba ga lafiyar ɗan adam, don haka yawansa bai wuce 0.07 ppm akan matsakaita sama da awanni 816 ba, don haka an samar da sinadarin ozone kuma an saka shi a kasuwa, musamman don tsabtace iskar gas.Hakanan yana yiwuwa a shakar iskar gas da samar da wari mara daɗi bayan lalata5,8.Ba a yi amfani da Ozone sosai a cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya ba.Duk da haka, ana iya amfani da ozone a cikin aminci a cikin ɗakunan da ba za a iya cirewa ba tare da ingantattun hanyoyin samun iska, kuma za'a iya hanzarta cire shi ta hanyar amfani da na'urar juyawa.A cikin wannan binciken, mun nuna cewa za'a iya amfani da ma'aunin sinadarai na Ozone don lalata a cikin saitunan kiwon lafiya.Mun ƙirƙira na'urar tare da babban ƙarfin haifuwa, aiki mai sauƙi da sabis na sauri ga marasa lafiya na asibiti.Bugu da ƙari, mun ƙirƙiri naúrar haifuwa mai sauƙi wanda ke amfani da iska na yanayi ba tare da ƙarin farashi ba.Ya zuwa yau, babu isassun bayanai kan mafi ƙarancin buƙatun ozone don rashin kunnawa MDRO.Kayan aikin da aka yi amfani da su a cikin bincikenmu yana da sauƙi don saitawa kuma yana da ɗan gajeren lokacin gudu kuma ana sa ran zai zama da amfani ga yawan lalata kayan aiki.
Tsarin aikin ƙwayoyin cuta na ozone bai bayyana gaba ɗaya ba.Yawancin bincike sun nuna cewa ozone yana lalata membranes na ƙwayoyin cuta, wanda ke haifar da zubar da ciki da kuma lysis cell 17,18.Ozone na iya tsoma baki tare da aikin enzymatic na salula ta hanyar amsawa tare da ƙungiyoyin thiol kuma zai iya canza tushen purine da pyrimidine a cikin acid nucleic.Wannan binciken ya hango ilimin halittar jiki na VRE, CRAB, da C. difficile spores kafin da kuma bayan maganin ozone kuma ya gano cewa ba wai kawai sun ragu cikin girman ba, amma kuma sun zama mahimmanci a saman, yana nuna lalacewa ko lalata daga cikin membrane na waje.kuma kayan ciki na ciki saboda iskar iskar lemun tsami yana da ƙarfi mai ƙarfi.Wannan lalacewa na iya haifar da rashin kunna tantanin halitta, dangane da tsananin canjin salon salula.
C. spores masu wahala suna da wahalar cirewa daga ɗakunan asibiti.Ƙwayoyin sun kasance a wuraren da suka zubar da 10,20.Bugu da ƙari, a cikin wannan binciken, kodayake matsakaicin raguwar logarithmic sau 10 a cikin adadin ƙwayoyin cuta a kan faranti na agar a 500 ppm ozone na minti 15 shine 2.73, tasirin bactericidal na ozone akan wasu kayan da ke dauke da C spores .difficile ya ragu.Sabili da haka, ana iya la'akari da dabaru daban-daban don rage C. difficile kamuwa da cuta a cikin saitunan kiwon lafiya.Don amfani a keɓance ɗakunan C. mai wahala kawai, yana iya zama da amfani don daidaita lokacin bayyanarwa da ƙarfin maganin ozone.Bugu da ƙari, dole ne mu tuna cewa hanyar lalatawar ozone ba za ta iya maye gurbin gaba ɗaya tsaftacewa ta al'ada ba tare da magungunan kashe kwayoyin cuta da magungunan ƙwayoyin cuta, kuma yana iya zama tasiri sosai wajen sarrafa C. difficile 5.A cikin wannan binciken, tasirin ozone a matsayin maganin kashe kwayoyin cuta ya bambanta ga nau'ikan MPO daban-daban.Ingancin na iya dogara da dalilai da yawa kamar matakin girma, bangon tantanin halitta, da ingancin hanyoyin gyara21,22.Dalilin bambancin sterilizing na ozone a saman kowane abu na iya zama saboda samuwar biofilm.Nazarin da suka gabata sun nuna cewa E. faecium da E. faecium suna haɓaka juriya na muhalli lokacin da suke a matsayin biofilms23, 24, 25. Duk da haka, wannan binciken ya nuna cewa ozone yana da tasiri mai mahimmanci na ƙwayoyin cuta akan MDRO da C. difficile spores.
Ƙayyadaddun bincikenmu shine cewa mun tantance sakamakon riƙewar ozone bayan gyarawa.Wannan na iya haifar da ƙima ga adadin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta masu aiki.
Ko da yake an gudanar da wannan binciken don kimanta tasirin ozone a matsayin maganin kashe kwayoyin cuta a cikin asibiti, yana da wuya a kwatanta sakamakonmu zuwa duk saitunan asibiti.Don haka, ana buƙatar ƙarin bincike don bincika dacewa da dacewa da wannan sterilizer na Ozone na DBD a cikin ainihin yanayin asibiti.
Ozone da aka samar da masu sarrafa plasma na DBD zai iya zama wakili mai sauƙi kuma mai daraja don MDRO da C. difficile.Don haka, ana iya la'akari da maganin ozone a matsayin madadin maganin kashe kwayoyin cuta na muhallin asibiti.
Rubutun bayanan da aka yi amfani da su da/ko aka yi nazari a cikin binciken na yanzu suna samuwa daga mawallafa bisa ga buƙatu mai ma'ana.
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