Ko da yake fasahar walda ta orbital ba sabon abu ba ne, amma tana ci gaba da samun bunkasuwa, tana kara karfi da kuma dacewa, musamman ma batun walda bututu.Tattaunawa da Tom Hammer, kwararre a fannin walda a Axenics a Middleton, Massachusetts, ya bayyana hanyoyi da dama da za a iya amfani da wannan dabara wajen magance matsalolin walda masu wahala. Hoton Axenics.
Walda Orbital ya kasance kusan kusan shekaru 60, yana ƙara aiki da kai ga tsarin GMAW. Wannan amintacciyar hanya ce mai amfani ta yin walda da yawa, kodayake wasu OEM da masana'antun ba su riga sun yi amfani da ƙarfin walda na orbital ba, suna dogaro da walda ta hannu ko wasu dabarun shiga cikin bututun ƙarfe.
Ka'idodin walda na orbital sun kasance shekaru da yawa, amma ƙarfin sabbin na'urorin walda na orbital sun sa su zama kayan aiki mafi ƙarfi a cikin kayan aikin walda, saboda da yawa yanzu suna da fasalulluka na “smart” don sauƙaƙa tsarawa da aiwatarwa kafin ainihin walƙiya.Fara da sauri, daidaitattun gyare-gyare don tabbatar da daidaito, tsafta da amintaccen walda.
Ƙungiyar Axenics na welders a Middleton, Massachusetts, masana'anta ce ta kwangila wacce ke jagorantar yawancin abokan cinikinta a ayyukan walda na orbital idan abubuwan da suka dace sun wanzu don aikin.
"A inda zai yiwu, muna so mu kawar da nau'in ɗan adam a cikin walda, kamar yadda masu yin walda na orbital gabaɗaya ke samar da ingantaccen walda," in ji Tom Hammer, ƙwararren mai walda a Axenics.
Ko da yake an yi waldi na farko shekaru 2000 da suka gabata, walƙiya ta zamani wani tsari ne mai matuƙar ci gaba wanda ke da alaƙa da sauran fasahohi da matakai na zamani. Misali, ana iya amfani da walda na orbital don ƙirƙirar tsarin bututun mai tsafta da ake amfani da shi don samar da wafers na semiconductor waɗanda ke shiga cikin duk kayan lantarki a yau.
Ɗaya daga cikin abokan ciniki na Axenics wani ɓangare ne na wannan sarkar samar da kayayyaki.Ya nemi mai samar da kwangila don taimakawa wajen fadada ƙarfin samar da shi, musamman ƙirƙira da shigar da tashoshi na bakin karfe mai tsabta wanda ke ba da damar iskar gas don wucewa ta hanyar ƙirar wafer.
Yayin da raka'o'in walda na orbital da tebura masu jujjuya tare da ƙuƙuman wuta suna samuwa don yawancin ayyukan tubular a Axenics, waɗannan ba sa hana walƙiyar hannu lokaci-lokaci.
Hammer da ƙungiyar walda sun sake nazarin buƙatun abokin ciniki tare da yin tambayoyi, la'akari da farashi da abubuwan lokaci:
Na'urorin walda na rotary da Hammer ke amfani da su sune Swagelok M200 da Arc Machines Model 207A. Suna iya ɗaukar bututun 1/16 zuwa 4 inch.
"Microheads suna ba mu damar shiga wurare masu matse jiki," in ji shi. "Wata iyakacin walƙiya na orbital shine ko muna da kan da ya dace da takamaiman haɗin gwiwa.Amma a yau, za ku iya naɗa sarƙa a kusa da bututun da kuke walda.Welder zai iya wuce sarkar, kuma babu iyaka ga girman walda da za ku iya yi..Na ga wasu saitin da ke yin walda akan 20 inci.Bututu.Yana da ban sha'awa abin da waɗannan injinan za su iya yi a yau. "
Idan akai la'akari da tsarki bukatun, da adadin welds ake bukata, da bakin ciki bango kauri, orbital waldi ne mai kaifin baki zabi ga irin wannan project.For airflow sarrafa bututu aiki, Guma akai-akai welds a kan 316L bakin karfe.
“A lokacin ne abin ya zama da dabara sosai.Muna magana ne game da walda akan takarda bakin karfe.Tare da waldawar hannu, ƙaramin daidaitawa na iya karya weld ɗin.Shi ya sa muke son yin amfani da kan orbital weld head, inda za mu iya buga kowane bangare na bututun mu mai da shi cikakke kafin sanya sashin a ciki.Muna juya ikon zuwa takamaiman adadin don mu san lokacin da muka sanya sashin a can zai zama cikakke.Da hannu , canjin ana yin shi da ido, kuma idan muka yi feda da yawa, zai iya shiga kai tsaye ta cikin kayan. ”
Aikin ya ƙunshi ɗaruruwan walda waɗanda dole ne su kasance iri ɗaya. The orbital welder amfani da wannan aikin yana yin walda cikin mintuna uku;lokacin da Hammer ke yin aiki da sauri, zai iya walda bututun bakin karfe da hannu cikin kusan minti daya.
“Duk da haka, injin ba ya rage gudu.Kuna gudanar da shi da max gudun abu na farko da safe, kuma zuwa ƙarshen yini, har yanzu yana gudana da max gudun,” in ji Hammer."Na fara gudanar da shi a max gudun abu na farko da safe, amma A ƙarshe, ba haka lamarin yake ba."
Hana gurɓatawa daga shigar da bututun ƙarfe yana da mahimmanci, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa ana yin siyar da tsafta mai tsabta a cikin masana'antar semiconductor sau da yawa a cikin ɗaki mai tsabta, yanayi mai sarrafawa wanda ke hana ƙazanta shiga wurin da aka siyar.
Hammer yana amfani da tungsten da aka riga aka rigaya a hannunsa wanda yake amfani da shi a cikin Orbiter. Yayin da argon mai tsabta yana ba da tsaftacewa na waje da na ciki a cikin walƙiya na hannu da na orbital, walƙiya ta na'urorin orbital kuma suna amfana daga ana yin su a cikin sararin samaniya. Lokacin da tungsten ya fito, harsashi ya cika da gas kuma yana kare walƙiya daga gas ɗin da aka yi amfani da shi kawai a lokacin da aka yi amfani da iskar gas a halin yanzu. .
Welds na Orbital gabaɗaya sun fi tsabta saboda iskar gas yana rufe bututun ya daɗe. Da zarar an fara walda, argon yana ba da kariya har sai mai walda ya tabbata walda ɗin ya yi sanyi sosai.
Axenics yana aiki tare da wasu abokan cinikin makamashi da yawa waɗanda ke kera ƙwayoyin man fetur na hydrogen waɗanda ke sarrafa nau'ikan motoci iri-iri.Misali, wasu ƙorafin da aka gina don amfanin cikin gida sun dogara da ƙwayoyin man fetur na hydrogen don hana abubuwan da ke haifar da sinadarai daga lalata kayan abinci da ake ci.Sakamakon samfurin tantanin mai na hydrogen shine ruwa.
Ɗaya daga cikin abokan ciniki yana da yawancin buƙatun guda ɗaya kamar masana'antun semiconductor, irin su weld tsarki da daidaito. Yana so ya yi amfani da 321 bakin karfe don walƙiya bango na bakin ciki. Duk da haka, aikin yana yin samfuri mai yawa tare da bankunan bawul masu yawa, kowannensu yana fitowa a cikin wani wuri daban-daban, yana barin ƙananan ɗakin don waldi.
Welder na orbital wanda ya dace da aikin yana kimanin dala 2,000, kuma ana iya amfani dashi don yin ƙananan sassa, tare da ƙididdigar farashin $ 250. Ba shi da ma'ana ta kudi. Duk da haka, Hammer yana da mafita wanda ya haɗu da fasaha na walda na hannu da na orbital.
"A wannan yanayin, zan yi amfani da tebur na rotary," in ji Hammer." A zahiri aikin iri ɗaya ne da na'urar walda ta orbital, amma kuna jujjuya bututun, ba wutar lantarki ta tungsten da ke kewaye da bututun ba.Ina amfani da fitilar hannuna, amma zan iya riƙe tocina a wurin tare da vise Matsayin da ba shi da hannu don kada waldar ta lalace ta hannun ɗan adam ko girgiza.Wannan yana kawar da yawancin kuskuren ɗan adam.Ba shi da kyau kamar waldar orbital saboda ba a cikin wani wuri da aka rufe ba, amma ana iya yin irin wannan walda a cikin ɗaki mai tsabta don kawar da gurɓataccen abu."
Duk da yake fasahar walda ta orbital tana ba da tsabta da maimaitawa, Hammer da abokan aikinsa sun san cewa amincin weld yana da mahimmanci don hana raguwar lokaci saboda gazawar walda. Kamfanin yana amfani da gwajin da ba ya lalata (NDT), da kuma wani lokacin gwaji mai lalacewa, ga duk walda na orbital.
"Kowane walda da muka yi ana tabbatar da gani a gani," in ji Hammer. "Bayan haka, ana gwada waldar da na'urar sikelin helium.Dangane da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun bayanai ko buƙatun abokin ciniki, ana gwada wasu welds ta hanyar rediyo.Gwajin lalata kuma zaɓi ne."
Gwajin lalata na iya haɗawa da gwajin ƙarfin ƙarfi don sanin iyakar ƙarfin ƙarfin walda.Don auna matsakaicin matsakaicin ƙarfin walda akan wani abu kamar 316L bakin karfe na iya jurewa kafin gazawar, gwajin ya shimfiɗa kuma ya shimfiɗa ƙarfe zuwa wurin karyewa.
Welds ta madadin abokan ciniki makamashi wani lokaci ana fuskantar ultrasonic nondestructive gwaji a kan bangaren weldments na uku-tashar zafi Exchanger hydrogen man Kwayoyin amfani a madadin makamashi inji da kuma motoci.
"Wannan gwaji ne mai mahimmanci saboda yawancin abubuwan da muke jigilar su suna da yuwuwar iskar gas da ke ratsa su.Yana da matukar mahimmanci a gare mu da abokan cinikinmu cewa bakin karfe ba shi da aibi, ba tare da ɗigo ba, "in ji Hammer.
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