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Haɗawa da halayyar chlorhexidine hydrochloride nanoemulsion a matsayin mai ba da gudummawar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ta ƙwayoyin cuta: in vitro da nazarin vivo.
作者 Abdelmonem R., Younis MK, Hassan DH, El-Sayed Ahmed MAEG, Hassanien E., El-Batuti K., Elfaham A.
Rehab Abdelmonem, 1 Mona K. Younis, 1 Doaa H. Hassan, 1 Mohamed Abd El-Gawad El-Sayed Ahmed, 2 Ehab Hassanein, 3 Kariem El-Batuti, 3 Alaa Elfaham 31 Kimiyya da Fasaha, Faculty of Pharmacy da Masana'antu Pharmacy, Misr University, 6 Oktoba, Masar2 Sashen Microbiology da Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha, Oktoba 6, Masar;3 Sashen Endodontics, Jami'ar Ain Shams, Alkahira, Masar Gabatarwa da Manufa: Chlorine hexidine hydrochloride [Chx.HCl] yana da aikin kashe kwayoyin cuta mai fa'ida, tsayin aiki da ƙarancin guba, saboda haka ana ba da shawarar azaman tushen ruwa mai yuwuwa.Manufar wannan binciken shine don amfani da sabon abun da ke ciki Chx.HCl nanoemulsion don ƙara ƙarfin shiga, tsaftacewa da aikin ƙwayoyin cuta na Chx.HCl da amfani da shi azaman tushen ruwa mai ban sha'awa.Hanyoyin: Chx.HCl nanoemulsions an shirya su ta amfani da mai daban-daban guda biyu: oleic acid da Labrafil M1944CS, biyu surfactants, Tween 20 da Tween 80, da kuma co-surfactant, propylene glycol.Yi ƙirƙira zane mai ƙima-ternary lokaci don nuna mafi kyawun tsarin.An kimanta tsarin nanoemulsion da aka shirya don abun ciki na miyagun ƙwayoyi, lokacin emulsification, dispersibility, girman droplet, in vitro miyagun ƙwayoyi release, thermodynamic kwanciyar hankali, in vitro antibacterial aiki, da kuma in vitro nazarin da aka zaba formulations.A shigar azzakari cikin farji, tsarkakewa da antibacterial mataki na Chx.HCl 0.75% da 1.6% nanoemulsion aka kwatanta da al'ada barbashi size matsayin tushen canal irrigant.SakamakoTsarin da aka zaɓa shine F6 tare da 2% Labrafil, 12% Tween 80 da 6% propylene glycol.Ƙaramin girman barbashi (12.18 nm), gajeren lokacin emulsification (1.67 seconds) da saurin rushewa bayan mintuna 2.An samo shi a matsayin tsarin ma'aunin zafi da sanyio / jiki.Idan aka kwatanta da na al'ada Chx.HCl barbashi size, da mafi girma taro na Chx.HCl 1.6% nanoemulsion nuna mafi kyau shigar azzakari cikin farji saboda da karami barbashi size.Idan aka kwatanta da wani al'ada barbashi size abu (2609.56 µm2), da 1.6% Chx.HCl nanoemulsion yana da mafi karami talakawan surface area na saura tarkace (2001.47 µm2).Ƙarshe: Nanoemulsion abun da ke ciki Chx.HCl yana da mafi kyawun iyawar tsaftacewa da aikin antibacterial.Tana da babban aiki mai inganci sosai da enococcus faecalis, da kuma yawan kwayar cuta ta ƙwarewa yana da girma ko lalata gaba ɗaya ko lalata gaba ɗaya ko kuma lalata gaba ɗaya.Mahimman kalmomi: chlorhexidine hydrochloride, nanoemulsion, tushen ruwa mai ban sha'awa, shiga ciki, sakamako mai tsaftacewa, maganin rigakafi.
Nanoemulsions, aji na emulsions tare da masu girma dabam a cikin kewayon 50-500 nm, sun sami kulawa sosai a cikin 'yan shekarun nan saboda abubuwan da suka dace.Abubuwan tsaftacewa masu kyau, ba su da tasiri da taurin ruwa, a mafi yawan lokuta suna da ƙananan ƙwayar cuta da kuma rashin hulɗar electrostatic.2 Nanotechnology yana da wani matsananci-kananan barbashi size, wani babban surface area zuwa taro rabo da kuma musamman jiki da kuma sinadaran Properties idan aka kwatanta da irin wannan girma kayayyakin, da kuma bude sama sabon ra'ayi a cikin jiyya da rigakafin hakori cututtuka.3 Chlorhexidine hydrochloride (Chx.HCl) yana ɗan narkewa cikin ruwa, yana ɗan narkewa sosai cikin barasa kuma a hankali yana tabo a cikin haske.4.5 SH.HCl yana da aikin kashe kwayoyin cuta mai fa'ida, aiki mai tsayi da ƙarancin guba.Saboda waɗannan kaddarorin, ana kuma ba da shawarar azaman mai yuwuwar tushen ruwa mai ban ruwa.Babban abũbuwan amfãni daga Chx.HCl ne low cytotoxicity, babu wari kuma babu m dandano.6-9 An yi amfani da nau'ikan laser da yawa don inganta ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta.Tasirin ƙwayoyin cuta na Laser yana dogara ne akan tsayin raƙuman ruwa da kuzari, da kuma kan yanayin zafi, wanda ke haifar da canje-canje a bangon ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta, wanda ke haifar da canjin osmotic gradient har zuwa mutuwar tantanin halitta.Haɗin kai tsakanin lasers da masu ba da ruwa na tushen canal yana buɗe sabon hangen nesa a cikin maganin ƙwayar cuta.10 Ultrasonic makamashi yana samar da mitoci masu yawa amma ƙananan amplitudes. An tsara fayilolin don yin oscillate a mitoci na ultrasonic na 25-30 kHz, waɗanda suka wuce iyakar fahimtar sauraron sauraron ɗan adam (> 20 kHz). An tsara fayilolin don yin oscillate a mitoci na ultrasonic na 25-30 kHz, waɗanda suka wuce iyakar fahimtar sauraron sauraron ɗan adam (> 20 kHz). Файлы предназначены для колебаний на ультразвуковых частотах 25–30 кГц, которые овека (> 20 kГц). An tsara fayilolin don girgiza a mitoci na ultrasonic na 25-30 kHz, waɗanda suka wuce iyakar jin ɗan adam (> 20 kHz).这些文件被设计成在25–30 kHz 的超声波频率下振荡，这超出了人类听觉感知的极限()这些文件被设计成在 25–30 kHz Файлы расчитаны на колебания на ультразвуковых частотах 25–30 кГц. Гц). An tsara fayilolin don girgizawa a mitoci na ultrasonic na 25-30 kHz, wanda ya wuce iyakokin jin ɗan adam (> 20 kHz).Suna aiki a cikin juzu'i mai jujjuyawa, suna saita yanayin halayen kulli da antinodes tare da tsayin su.Kalmar “m ultrasonic irrigation” (PUI) yarjejeniya ce ta ban ruwa wacce babu kayan kida ko bangon da ya shiga hulɗa da fayilolin endodontic ko kayan kida.A lokacin PUI, duban dan tayi makamashi ne canjawa wuri daga vibrating fayil zuwa ban ruwa bayani a cikin tushen canal.Ƙarshen na iya haifar da motsi na sonic da cavitation na wakilin flushing.11 Dangane da bayanan da ke sama, ana ganin ya dace a yi amfani da nanotechnology don kimanta ingantattun ayyukan shiga da tsaftacewa na Chx.HCl.
Chlorhexidine hydrochloride Chx.HCl an samar da alheri daga Kamfanin Arab Drug Company for Pharmaceuticals (Alkahira, Misira).Labrafil M 1944 CS (oleoylpolyoxy-6-glyceride) Gattefosse (Saint Firist, Faransa) ya ba da kyauta.Tween 20 (polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monolaurate), Tween 80 (polyoxyethylene (80) sorbitan monooleate), oleic acid, propylene glycol daga Kamfanin Gomhorya (Alkahira, Masar)).Cire haƙoran da ba su da tushe guda ɗaya don maganin periodontal ko orthodontic, Sashen Kimiyya na Maxillofacial, Faculty of Dentistry, Jami'ar Ain Shams, Alkahira, Masar.Al'adu mai tsabta na Enterococcus faecalis (irin ATCC 29212) wanda aka girma a cikin ƙwayar zuciya (BHI) broth (RC CLEANER, IIchung Dental Ltd., Seoul, Korea).
An yi nazarin solubility na Chx.HCl a cikin kafofin watsa labaru daban-daban (oleic acid, Labrafil M 1944CS, Tween 20, Tween 80, propylene glycol, da ruwa).An sanya babban wuce haddi na Chx.HCl (50 MG) a cikin bututun centrifuge kuma an ƙara 5.0 g na matsakaicin lokaci.An girgiza cakuda a cikin mahaɗin vortex na minti 15 sannan a adana shi a cikin zafin jiki.Bayan sa'o'i 24, pellet ɗin miyagun ƙwayoyi wanda ba zai iya narkewa a cikin bututu an sanya shi a tsakiya a cikin 3000 rpm na mintuna 5 don samun cikakkiyar ma'ana.Tattara isasshen maganin samfurin kuma a tsoma shi da n-butanol.An tace samfuran da aka diluted ta hanyar takarda mai tace Whatman 102 sannan kuma a diluted da kyau tare da n-butanol don ƙayyade ƙwayar ƙwayoyi a cikin cikakken bayani.An yi nazarin samfurori tare da UV spectrophotometer a 260 nm tare da n-butanol a matsayin sarrafawa.12.13
An gina zane-zane-zane-zane-zane-zane-zane-zane-zane-zane-zane-zane-zane-zane-zane-zane-zane-zane-zane-zane-zane-zane-zane-zane-zane-zane-zane-zane-zane-zane-zane-zane-zane-zane-zane-zane-zane-zane-zane-zane-zane-zane-zane-zane-zane-zane-zane-zane-zane-zane-zane-zane-zane-zane-zane-zane)14 An tsara tsarin ta amfani da mai (watau oleic acid da Labrafil M1944CS), surfactants (watau Tween 20 da Tween 80) da ƙarin surfactant, watau propylene glycol.Na farko, an shirya gauraye daban-daban na surfactants (ba tare da cosurfactants) da mai a cikin nau'ikan girma daban-daban (daga 1:9 zuwa 9:1).Lokacin da cakuda ke titrated da ruwa (ƙara ruwa dropwise), a hankali saka idanu cakuda daga fili zuwa ga girgije a matsayin karshen batu.Ana yi wa waɗannan wuraren ƙarshen alama akan zane-zane na lokaci-lokaci na ɓoyayyiyar ɓoyayyiya.An sake maimaita tsarin duka don gaurayawan surfactant da na biyu (Smix) da aka shirya a cikin 2: 1 da 3: 1 rabo kuma gauraye da zaɓaɓɓun mai15,16 ɗaya.
Nanoemulsion tsarin dauke da Chx.HCl aka shirya ta yin amfani da Labrafil M 1944 CS a matsayin mai lokaci da kuma Tween 80 ko 20 surfactant da propylene glycol a matsayin ƙarin surfactant da kuma a karshe ruwa, Table 1. An narkar da miyagun ƙwayoyi a cikin Labrafil M 1944 CS da kuma hadaddun ruwa na surfactant da sakandare jinkirin da aka kara da gradu.Adadin surfactant da co-surfactant da aka ƙara, da kuma yawan adadin man da za a iya ƙarawa, ana ƙididdige su ta amfani da zane mai ƙima-ternary.An yi amfani da janareta na ultrasonic (Ultrasonic LC 60 H, Elma, Jamus) don cimma iyakar girman da ake so don watsar da granules.Sannan daidaita shi.17
An gudanar da gwajin rarrabawa ta amfani da na'ura mai narkewa (Dr. Schleuniger Pharmaton, Model Diss 6000, Thun, Switzerland) wanda aka ƙara 1 ml na kowane shiri zuwa 500 ml na ruwa a 37 ± 0.5 ° C.Ana tabbatar da tashin hankali mai laushi ta daidaitaccen bakin karfe narke paddles yana jujjuyawa a 50 rpm.Sakamakon emulsion an ƙaddara shi a gani kuma an rarraba shi azaman bayyananne, mai jujjuyawa tare da tinge mai launin shuɗi, madara ko hazo.Zaɓi takamaiman dabara don ƙarin bincike.18.19
Hakar na Chx.HCl daga inganta nanoemulsion qagaggun dogara a kan pseudo-uku lokaci zane yana kaiwa ga samar da n-butanol ta yin amfani da ultrasonic fasaha.Bayan dilution da ya dace, an binciko abubuwan da aka cire ta spectrophotometrically a tsawon 260 nm don abun ciki na Chx.HCl.ashirin
Don gwada lokacin emulsification na kai, 1 ml na kowane abun da ke ciki an ƙara shi a cikin beaker da aka cika da 250 ml na ruwa mai tsabta kuma an kiyaye shi a 37 ± 1 ° C tare da motsawa akai-akai a 50 rpm.Ana ɗaukar lokacin emulsification a matsayin lokacin da preconcentrate ya samar da cakuda mai kama da juna bayan dilution.ashirin da daya
Don nazarin girman droplet, tsoma 50 MG na ingantaccen tsari zuwa 1000 ml da ruwa a cikin filo kuma a haɗe a hankali da hannu.An ƙaddara girman rarrabawar digo ta amfani da kayan aikin Malvern Zetasizer 2000 (Malvern Instruments Ltd., Malvern, UK) a ƙarƙashin yanayin gano baya na 173º, zafin jiki na 25ºC, da ma'anar refractive na 1.330.ashirin da biyu
An yi nazarin rushewar in vitro ta amfani da na'urar USP Type II (paddle) (Dr. Schleuniger Pharmaton, Diss Model 6000) a 50 rpm.An yi amfani da ruwa mai narkewa (500 ml) wanda aka kiyaye a zafin jiki na 37 ± 0.5 ° C a matsayin matsakaicin narkar da, kuma 5 ml na abubuwan da aka shirya an kara da shi a hankali zuwa matsakaicin narkewa.Bayan haka, a lokuta daban-daban, an ɗauki 5 ml na matsakaiciyar narkewa kuma an ƙayyade adadin ƙwayar da aka saki a cikin spectrophotometrically a 254 nm.An yi gwaje-gwajen ne sau uku.ashirin da uku
Sa'an nan kuma, an auna ma'auni na motsin motsi na Chx.HCl saki a cikin vitro daga nanoemulsions da aka shirya bisa tushensa.Sifili, na farko da na biyu tsari kinetics da Higuchi yaduwa model an gwada don zaɓar tsarin motsi wanda ya fi dacewa don sakin Chx.HCl.
2 ml na kowane tsari an adana shi a zazzabi na yanayi na awanni 48 kafin a sami rabuwar lokaci.Samfurori 1 ml na kowane tsari na Chx.HCl nanoemulsion an diluted zuwa 10 ml da 100 ml tare da ruwa mai narkewa a 25 ° C. kuma an adana shi na awanni 24.Sa'an nan kuma an lura da rabuwar lokaci.ashirin da daya
Sa'an nan samfurori na 2 ml na kowane abun da ke ciki an canza su daban a cikin kwalabe masu haske tare da hular kullun kuma an adana su a cikin firiji a 2 ° C na 24 hours.Sa'an nan kuma an cire su kuma an adana su a 25 ° C da 40 ° C.An gudanar da zagayowar sanyaya guda ɗaya.Sa'an nan kuma an lura da samfurori don rabuwa na lokaci da hazo na miyagun ƙwayoyi.ashirin da daya
Wani samfurin 5 ml na kowane nau'i na Chx.HCl nanoemulsion an canza shi a cikin bututun gilashi kuma an sanya shi a cikin ɗakin dakin gwaje-gwaje (Shanghai Surgical Instrument Factory Microcentrifuge Model 800, Shanghai, Jamhuriyar Jama'ar Sin) da kuma centrifuged a 4000 rpm na 5 minutes.Sa'an nan kuma an lura da samfurori don rabuwa na lokaci da hazo na miyagun ƙwayoyi.ashirin da daya
Kwamitin da'a na jami'ar Ain Shams, Masar ya amince da dukkan gwaje-gwajen.An zaɓi haƙoran ɗan adam guda 50 waɗanda ba su da tushe guda ɗaya tare da kafaffen koli.An yi amfani da haƙoran da aka ciro bayan samun izini a rubuce wanda majiyyaci ya sa hannu.Hakora sun haɗa da maxillary da mandibular incisors da mandibular premolars.Ana kula da saman tushen tushen tare da curette kuma duk hakora an sanya su a cikin 0.5% NaOCl na tsawon sa'o'i 24 sannan a adana su a cikin saline mara kyau har sai an yi amfani da su.An cire rawanin tare da amintaccen faifan lu'u-lu'u na gefe kuma an daidaita tsawon haƙorin zuwa mm 16 daga koli zuwa gefe.24,25 Bisa ga maganin kurkura, hakora sun kasu kashi kamar haka:
(A) Rukuni (n=24) an wanke samfurori tare da Chx.HCl nanoemulsion.Ƙungiya (I) (n = 12) samfurori da aka wanke tare da 5 ml Chx.HCl nanoemulsion 0.75% maida hankali.Ƙungiya (II) (n=12) ta wanke samfurori tare da 5 ml na 1.6% Chx.HCl nanoemulsion.(B) Ƙungiyar (n = 24) na samfurori za a wanke tare da 5 ml 2% Chx.HCl girman ƙwayar al'ada.Ƙungiyar sarrafawa: (n=2) wanke tare da salin 5 ml ba tare da kunnawa ba.
An zaɓi haƙoran ɗan adam guda 44 waɗanda ba su da tushe guda ɗaya tare da kafaffen tip.Hakora sun haɗa da maxillary da mandibular incisors da mandibular premolars.Ana kula da saman tushen tushen tare da curette kuma duk hakora an sanya su a cikin 0.5% NaOCl na tsawon sa'o'i 24 sannan a adana su a cikin saline mara kyau har sai an yi amfani da su.An cire rawanin tare da faifan lu'u-lu'u mai aminci kuma an daidaita tsawon haƙorin zuwa mm 16 daga koli zuwa gefe na tsakiya.24,25,29
Shirye-shiryen injiniya na babban girman fayil ɗin apical 50 ta amfani da daidaitattun hanyoyin.Yi amfani da salin bakararre a matsayin mai ban ruwa yayin tiyata.A ƙarshe, an zubar da tushen tushen tare da 2 ml na 17% EDTA na minti 1 don cire smear Layer.Dukkanin tushen tushen, gami da filayen apical na kowane samfurin, an rufe su da riguna guda biyu na gogen ƙusa (manne cyanoacrylate) don hana zubewa.Sannan ana saita haƙoran a tsaye a cikin wani shingen tartar don sauƙin sarrafawa da ganewa.29-33 Samfuran an haɗa su ta atomatik a 121ºC da 15 psi na mintuna 20.Bayan haifuwa, duk samfuran ana jigilar su kuma ana sarrafa su a ƙarƙashin yanayi mara kyau ta amfani da kayan aikin bakararre.Tushen tushen ya gurɓata tare da al'ada mai tsabta na Enterococcus faecalis (nauyin ATCC 29212) wanda aka girma a cikin kwakwalwar zuciya (BHI) broth na 24 hours a 37 ° C.Yin amfani da bakararre micropipette, allura bayyanannen dakatarwar E. faecalis inoculum a cikin shirye-shiryen tushen duk hakora.Bayan haka, an sanya tubalan a cikin bakar fata kuma an sanya su a zafin jiki na 37 ° C na awanni 24.31, 34, 35
(A) Rukuni (n=24) an wanke samfurori tare da Chx.HCl nanoemulsion.Samfurori na rukuni (I) (n=12) an wanke su tare da 5 ml na Chx.HCl nanoemulsion 0.75% maida hankali.Ƙungiya (II) (n = 12) ta wanke samfurori tare da 5 ml na Chx.HCl nanoemulsion 1.6% maida hankali.
Ƙungiyar sarrafawa: ingantaccen iko, (n=4) gurɓataccen tushen tushen tushen an zubar da shi da salin 5 ml kuma an kiyaye shi azaman ingantaccen iko.Sarrafa mara kyau: (n=4) Ba a allurar da samfurori tare da dakatarwa ba, watau tushen canal ba a gurbata shi da E. faecalis ba, kuma an kiyaye shi a matsayin mummunan iko don tabbatar da haifuwa da amincin hanyar.Yi amfani da maganin wanka na gwaji na 5 ml a kowane samfurin.Kowane samfurin sai a yi wa wanka na ƙarshe tare da 1 ml na saline mara kyau.
Ana amfani da tip ɗin takarda bakararre mai girman 35 don tattara samfurori daga tushen tushen.An saka tip ɗin takarda a cikin bututu zuwa tsayin aiki, ya bar tsawon daƙiƙa 10, sannan a tura shi zuwa faranti na agar don tantance adadin ƙungiyoyin mallaka (CFU) kowace faranti.An sanya faranti a zazzabi na 37ºC na tsawon awanni 24 sannan an tantance su a gani don haɓakar ƙwayoyin cuta.Farantin m yana nuna cikakkiyar haifuwa.Ana ɗaukar faranti mara kyau don nuna haɓaka mai kyau.Matsakaicin adadin CFUs a cikin yankin girma na kwayan cuta a kowace tasa an ƙaddara kuma an ƙididdige adadin CFUs.Ana auna waɗanda suka tsira da farko tare da ƙidayar ƙidayar a kan faranti mai ɗigo.Bugu da ƙari, an yi amfani da ƙoƙon zubarwa don ƙidaya ƙananan CFUs, kuma an yi amfani da dilution zuwa 106 don ƙidaya manyan CFUs.36.37
Shirya bututu mai ɗauke da 15 ml na narke agar matsakaici pre-haifuwa a cikin autoclave a rana guda don gwajin.Enterococcus faecalis shine ƙwararren gram-tabbatacce anaerobic coccus wanda zai iya rayuwa a babban pH, acidity da yanayin zafi.39 samfurori na kwayoyin cuta (Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212) an shirya su ta hanyar haɗuwa da sel daga mazauna tare da saline mara kyau.An narke samfuran ƙwayoyin cuta da saline don dacewa da McFarland 0.5, daidai da 108 CFU/ml.Ƙarar samfurin da aka ƙara shine 10 µl.39 An shirya ma'aunin turbidity (McFarland 0.5) 40 ta hanyar zuba 0.6 ml na 1% (10 g / l) barium chloride dihydrate bayani a cikin 100 ml da aka kammala karatun Silinda kuma cika zuwa 100 ml tare da 1% (10 g / l) sulfuric acid.An sanya ka'idodin turbidity a cikin bututu iri ɗaya kamar samfuran broth kuma an adana su a cikin zafin jiki na tsawon watanni 6 a cikin duhu kuma an rufe su don hana ƙawa.Bude murfin komai na Petri tasa kuma zuba samfurin a tsakiyar tasa.Idan agar ya kafe gaba daya, juya farantin kuma a sanya shi a 37 ° C na awa 24.
An tattara duk bayanan, an tsara su kuma an gabatar da su don nazarin ƙididdiga.An yi nazarin ƙididdiga ta amfani da IBM® SPSS® Sigar ƙididdiga ta 17 don Windows (SPSS Inc., Kamfanin IBM, Armonk, NY, Amurka).
The solubility na Chx.HCl a daban-daban man bulan, surfactant mafita, co-surfactant mafita, da ruwa da aka yi nazarin.Chx.Hcl yana da mafi girman solubility a cikin Labrafil M kuma mafi ƙarancin solubility a cikin oleic acid.Maganin solubility mafi girma a cikin man fetur yana da mahimmanci ga nanoemulsions saboda nanoemulsions suna iya kiyaye miyagun ƙwayoyi a cikin nau'i na narkar da, ma'anar cewa mafi girma maganin solubility a cikin man fetur yana haifar da ƙananan man fetur a cikin tsari kuma saboda haka ƙananan ƙwayoyi.loading Ana buƙatar takamaiman adadin surfactant da co-surfactant don emulsify ɗigon mai.
A pseudo-triple phase diagram was constructed to define nanoemulsion regions and optimize the concentrations of selected oils, surfactants, and additional surfactants (Labrafil M, Tween 80, Tween 20, and propylene glycol, respectively).Chx.Hcl yana nuna ƙarancin solubility a cikin oleic acid, yana haifar da gajimare lokacin da acid ɗin oleic ke titrated tare da digo na farko na ruwa.Saboda haka, an cire tsarin oleic acid daga wannan binciken.An shirya wasu hanyoyin yin amfani da 1:9 cakuda mai da surfactant.kewayon pH da ƙarfin ionic, don haka an zaɓi waɗannan surfactants.
Duk abubuwan da aka shirya sun bayyana a sarari ban da Tsarin F2, wanda ya bayyana gajimare don haka an cire shi daga ƙarin nazarin kimantawa.
Kyakkyawan tsarin nanoemulsion yakamata ya iya watse gaba ɗaya da sauri lokacin da aka diluted tare da tada hankali.Chx.HCl nanoemulsion formulations sun nuna gajerun lokutan emulsification, daga 1.67 zuwa 12.33 seconds.Tween 80 yana da mafi guntu lokacin emulsification.Ana iya bayyana wannan ta hanyar ƙarfin solubilizing mafi girma na Tween 80. Lokaci na kai-emulsification yana ƙaruwa tare da karuwa mai yawa na surfactant, wanda zai iya zama saboda karuwa a cikin danko na tsarin a karkashin aikin surfactant.
Girman droplet na emulsion yana ƙayyade ƙimar da girman sakin miyagun ƙwayoyi.Karamin emulsion droplet girman yana haifar da guntuwar lokacin emulsification da ƙarin fili don shawar ƙwayoyi.Matsakaicin Girman Dropolet na zaɓaɓɓun abubuwan da aka zaɓa na CHX.HCL NanoeMulsion sune 711, 16.33, 16.41, 0.76, 0.77 da 0.76 da 0.76, 0.76, 0.76, 0.76, 0.76, 0.76, 0.76, 0.76, 0.76, 0.76 da 0.77 da 0.77 da kuma F1, F2., F3 da 0.16 bi da bi F4, F5 da F6.Abubuwan da ke ƙunshe da Tween 80 a matsayin surfactant sun nuna ƙananan spherulites.Wannan na iya zama saboda mafi girman ikon emulsifying.Ƙananan ƙimar PDI yana nuna kunkuntar girman rarraba tsarin.Waɗannan gyare-gyaren suna da bayyanar mai tsabta saboda radiyoyin su na digo sun fi ƙanƙanta fiye da tsawon hasken gani (390-750 nm) wanda ƙananan watsawar haske ke faruwa.41
A kan fig.2 yana nuna adadin Chx.HCl da aka saki daga tsarin da aka tsara.Cikakken sakin maganin daga shirye-shiryen da aka shirya na Chx.HCl nanoemulsion ya kasance daga mintuna 2 zuwa 7.An lura da cewa an sami mafi girman adadin sakin miyagun ƙwayoyi a cikin yanayin Chx.HCl F6 nanoemulsion formulation (2 min), wanda zai iya kasancewa saboda kasancewar Tween 80, wanda ya nuna babban mataki na emulsification, da sakamakon nanoemulsion.yana ba da babban yanki don sakin miyagun ƙwayoyi, yana ba da damar haɓaka ƙimar sakin ƙwayoyi.A lokaci guda, Properties na solubility na propylene glycol ya ba da damar babban adadin hydrophilic surfactants a cikin man fetur.40
An samo sakin Chx.HCl a cikin vitro don bin wani tsari na motsa jiki daban-daban, kuma babu takamaiman tsari na motsa jiki da zai iya nuna sakin miyagun ƙwayoyi daga nau'ikan nanoemulsion da aka shirya daban-daban.Sakin motsa jiki na magungunan F4 shine tsari na farko na motsa jiki, wanda ke nufin cewa ana fitar da su gwargwadon adadin magungunan da suka rage a cikinsu.42 Sakin motsa jiki na wasu kwayoyi ya yi daidai da tsarin watsawa na Higuasha, wanda ya nuna cewa adadin maganin da aka saki ya kasance daidai da tushen murabba'in jimillar miyagun ƙwayoyi da magungunan ƙwayoyi a cikin nanoemulsion.42
Zaɓuɓɓukan da aka zaɓa sun kasance suna fuskantar bambance-bambancen kwanciyar hankali na ma'aunin zafi da sanyio ta hanyar gwajin damuwa ta amfani da yanayin zafi-sanyi, centrifugation da daskare-narke.An lura cewa tsarin F3 da F4 sun nuna hazo na miyagun ƙwayoyi bayan hawan hawan keke, yayin da F1 ya nuna kauri (gelling).F5 da F6 sun wuce ci gaba da zagayowar centrifugation, gwajin sanyi-dumi da gwajin daskare-narke.Nanoemulsions sune tsarin kwanciyar hankali na thermodynamically da aka kafa a wasu adadin mai, surfactant da ruwa ba tare da rabuwar lokaci ba, emulsification ko fatattaka.Yana da kwanciyar hankali na thermal wanda ke bambanta nanoemulsions daga emulsions, waɗanda suke da kwanciyar hankali kuma za su rabu cikin matakai.19 F3 ya nuna girman barbashi mafi girma (587 nm) fiye da sauran abubuwan da aka tsara, wanda zai iya yin bayanin rabuwa lokaci da hazo na miyagun ƙwayoyi a cikin gwaje-gwajen kwanciyar hankali na thermodynamic.F4 dauke da Tween 80 kuma babu wani co-surfactant da ya nuna hazo na miyagun ƙwayoyi, wannan na iya nunawa akan buƙatar amfani da propylene glycol da Tween 80 don inganta kwanciyar hankali na nanoemulsion formulations.F1 mai ɗauke da Tween 20 ba tare da ƙarin surfactant da aka nuna thickening (gelling), wanda shine karuwa a cikin dankowar gel ko ƙarfi saboda haɗuwar droplet.
Sakamakon kwanciyar hankali yana nuna mahimmancin kasancewar ƙarin propylene glycol surfactant don haɓaka rarrabuwa da kuma hana hazo na miyagun ƙwayoyi.43 F6 shine mafi kyawun ƙirar ƙira saboda ƙaramin girman barbashi (12.18 nm), ɗan gajeren lokacin emulsification (1.67 seconds) da saurin rushewa bayan mintuna 2.An samo shi a matsayin tsarin ma'aunin zafi da sanyio / jiki don haka an zaɓi shi don ƙarin bincike.
Rashin gazawar bayan jiyya na tushen tushen yana ƙara zama akai-akai, ma'ana cewa marasa lafiya suna cikin haɗarin haɓakar cututtuka masu rikitarwa.44,45 Biofilm dole ne a cire a lokacin disinfection da kuma cika tushen canals.46,47 Saboda rikitaccen tsarin tushen tushen, yana da wuya a cire gaba ɗaya tushen tushen ƙwayoyin cuta ta amfani da kayan aiki kawai da ban ruwa.48 Tasirin maganin kurkurawar tushen canal ya dogara ne akan shigar da mai ba da ruwa a cikin DT da tsawon lokacin bayyanar da ƙwayoyin cuta.49 Saboda haka, an gwada kuma an gwada sabbin hanyoyin haifuwar tushen canal.rinses na al'ada baya kawar da E. faecalis gaba daya saboda ƙarancin shigar DT.50.
Matsakaicin ikon tsaftacewa na kurkura nanoemulsion shine 2001.47 µm2, kuma matsakaicin girman barbashi na taimakon kurkura shine 2609.56 µm.Matsakaicin bambanci tsakanin wankin nanoemulsion da girman girman barbashi na yau da kullun shine 608.09 µm2. Akwai bambanci mai mahimmanci (P<0.001) tsakanin nanoemulsion irrigants da al'ada girman irrigants tare da (P-darajar 0.00052). Akwai bambanci mai mahimmanci (P<0.001) tsakanin nanoemulsion irrigants da al'ada girman irrigants tare da (P-darajar 0.00052). Между Между Между Между ирригационныmy растворами наноэмульсии окозначимая (P<0,001) разница (значение P 0,00052). Akwai bambanci mai mahimmanci (P<0.001) (P 0.00052) tsakanin nanoemulsion irrigants da al'ada barbashi irrigants.纳米乳液冲洗剂和正常粒径冲洗剂之间存在统计学上高度显着的差异（P <0.001（P<0.001（纳米乳液冲洗剂和正常粒径冲洗剂之间存在统计学上高度显着的差异（P <0.001（P<0.001（ Между ополаскивателем с на наноэмульсией <0,0001) (P 0,00052). Akwai bambanci mai mahimmanci na ƙididdiga (P <0.0001) tsakanin ruwan kurkura nanoemulsion da kuma yawan kurkura na al'ada (P darajar 0.00052).Nanoemulsion ya nuna bambanci mai ma'ana sosai idan aka kwatanta da girman kayan abu na yau da kullun, yana nuna ƙaramin yanki na tarkace, watau kayan nanoemulsion yana da mafi kyawun iya tsaftacewa, kamar yadda aka nuna a adadi na 3.
Hoto 3. Kwatanta aikin tsaftacewa na kayan aikin kurkura: (A) tare da Nano CHX Laser kunnawa, (B) tare da CHX Laser kunna, (C) tare da PUI Nano CHX, (D) ba tare da Nano CHX kunnawa, (E) ba tare da CHX kunnawa, da (F) ) CHX PUI kunnawa.
Matsakaicin yanki na sauran Chx.HCl 1.6% gutsuttsura shine 2320.36 µm2, kuma matsakaicin yanki na Chx.HCl 2% shine 2949.85 µm2. Akwai bambanci mai mahimmanci (P<0.001) tsakanin mafi girma taro na nanoemulsion irrigants da al'ada barbashi size irrigants (P-darajar 0.00000). Akwai bambanci mai mahimmanci (P<0.001) tsakanin mafi girma taro na nanoemulsion irrigants da al'ada barbashi size irrigants (P-darajar 0.00000). Наблюдалась статистически высокозначимая (P<0,001) разница оров и ирригационными растворами с нормальным размером частиц (значение P 0,00000). Akwai bambanci mai mahimmanci (P<0.001) tsakanin mafi girma taro na nanoemulsion irrigants da al'ada barbashi size irrigants (P darajar 0.00000).较高浓度的纳米乳液冲洗剂与正常粒径冲洗剂之间存在统计学上高度显上高度显着的（1P. .00000).较高浓度的纳米乳液冲洗剂与正常粒径冲洗剂之间存在统计学显着的差异（1<0.0.0. Наблюдалась статистически очень значимая разница (P<0,001) ополаскивателя с нормальным размером частиц (значение P 0,00000). Akwai bambanci mai mahimmanci na ƙididdiga (P<0.001) tsakanin mafi girma taro na nanoemulsion kurkura da al'ada barbashi girman kurkura (P darajar 0.00000).Ko da yake maida hankali na nanoemulsion irrigant ya kasance ƙasa da na na al'ada size irrigant, wannan ƙananan taro ya fi tasiri sosai wajen kawar da tarkace kuma ya fi tasiri a tsaftace tushen tushen.
PUI yana da bambanci mai mahimmanci na ƙididdiga (p<0.001) idan aka kwatanta da sauran hanyoyin kunnawa. PUI yana da bambanci mai mahimmanci na ƙididdiga (p<0.001) idan aka kwatanta da sauran hanyoyin kunnawa. PUI имел статистически высокозначимую разницу (p<0,001) по сравнению. PUI yana da bambanci mai mahimmanci na ƙididdiga (p<0.001) idan aka kwatanta da sauran hanyoyin kunnawa.与其他激活方法相比，PUI 具有统计学上非常显着的差异(p<0.001)。与其他激活方法相比，PUI 具有统计学上非常显着的差异(p<0.001)。 По сравнению с другими методами активации PUI имел статистически очень значимую разницу (p<0,001). Idan aka kwatanta da sauran hanyoyin kunnawa, PUI tana da babban bambanci a ƙididdiga (p <0.001).Tare da kunna ISP, matsakaicin yanki na ragowar farfajiyar tarkace ya kasance 1695.31 µm2. Ma'anar bambanci tsakanin PUI da Laser shine 987.89929 yana nuna mahimmancin ƙididdiga (P <0.001) bambanci tare da (p-darajar 0.00000). Ma'anar bambanci tsakanin PUI da Laser shine 987.89929 yana nuna mahimmancin ƙididdiga (P <0.001) bambanci tare da (p-darajar 0.00000). Средня разница между PUI и Laser составила 987.89929 Ma'anar bambanci tsakanin PUI da Laser shine 987.89929, yana nuna bambanci mai mahimmanci (P <0.001) daga (p-darajar 0.00000). PUI 和 Laser 之间的平均差异为987.89929，显示出高度统计学显着性(P<0.001) 差异(p 000.0).PUI da Laser Средня разница между PUI и Laser составила 987,89929, что свидетельствует 0,00000). Bambanci tsakanin PUI da Laser shine 987.89929, yana nuna babban mahimmancin ƙididdiga (P <0.001) bambanci (p-darajar 0.00000). Ma'anar bambanci tsakanin PUI da babu kunnawa shine 712.40643 yana nuna bambanci mai mahimmanci (P <0.001) tare da p-darajar 0.00098) .Yin amfani da ko dai Laser kunnawa ko babu kunnawa ba a ƙididdigewa ba (P> 0.05) daban-daban tare da P-darajar 120.45. Bambanci tsakanin PUI kuma babu kunnawa shine 712.40643 yana nuna bambanci mai mahimmanci (P <0.001) tare da p-darajar 0.00098).P-darajar 0.451211. Средняя разница между PUI и отсутствием активации составила 712,40643 - 0,00098. Bambanci tsakanin PUI kuma babu kunnawa shine 712.40643, yana nuna bambanci mai mahimmanci (P <0.001) tare da p-darajar 0.00098).P-darajar 0.451211. PUI 和未激活之间的平均差异为712.40643，显示高度统计学显着性差异(P<0.001)),p 8.0.0PUI Средня разница между PUI и инактивацией составила 712,40643. p-значение 0,00098). Bambanci tsakanin PUI da rashin kunnawa shine 712.40643, yana nuna babban mahimmancin ƙididdiga na bambanci (P <0.001, p-darajar 0.00098).使用激光激活或不激活在统计学上没有显着差异(P>0.05) P 值为0.451211.使用激光激活或不激活在统计学上没有显着差异(P>0.05) P 值为0.451211. Статистически значимой разницы (P>0,05) с лазерной активацией или без нее не было со значением P 0,45121 Babu wani bambanci mai mahimmanci na ƙididdiga (P> 0.05) tare da ko ba tare da kunna laser tare da ƙimar P na 0.451211 ba.Matsakaicin girman yanki na ragowar gutsuttsura akan kunna Laser shine 2683.21 µm2.Matsakaicin girman yanki na ragowar gutsuttsura ba tare da kunnawa ba shine 2407.72 µm2.Idan aka kwatanta da kunnawa Laser ko babu kunnawa, PUI tana da matsakaicin matsakaicin yanki na guntu, watau mafi kyawun ikon tsaftacewa.
Matsakaicin ikon tsaftacewa na kurkura nanoemulsion shine 2001.47 µm2, kuma matsakaicin girman barbashi na taimakon kurkura shine 2609.56 µm.Matsakaicin bambanci tsakanin wankin nanoemulsion da girman girman barbashi na yau da kullun shine 608.09 µm2. Akwai bambanci mai matukar mahimmanci (P <0.001) tsakanin nanoemulsion irrigants da al'ada girman irrigants tare da (P-darajar 0.00052). Akwai bambanci mai matukar mahimmanci (P <0.001) tsakanin nanoemulsion irrigants da al'ada girman irrigants tare da (P-darajar 0.00052). Между Между Между иррригационныmy растворами наноэмульсии. мая (P<0,001) разница (значение P 0,00052). Akwai bambanci mai mahimmanci (P<0.001) (P 0.00052) tsakanin nanoemulsion irrigants da al'ada barbashi irrigants.纳米乳液冲洗剂与正常粒径冲洗剂之间存在统计学上高度显着的差异（P<0.0001（P<0.001（ P<0.001) (P值0.00052) Между ополаскивателем с на наноэмульсией <0,0001) (P 0,00052). Akwai bambanci mai mahimmanci na ƙididdiga (P <0.0001) tsakanin ruwan kurkura nanoemulsion da kuma yawan kurkura na al'ada (P darajar 0.00052).Idan aka kwatanta da girman nau'in nau'in ƙwayar cuta na al'ada, nanoemulsion yana da bambanci mai mahimmanci na ƙididdiga, yana nuna ƙaramin yanki na tarkace, watau Nanoemulsion kayan yana da mafi kyawun iya tsaftacewa kamar yadda aka nuna a hoto 3.
Matsakaicin yanki na sauran Chx.HCl 1.6% gutsuttsura shine 2320.36 µm2, kuma matsakaicin yanki na Chx.HCl 2% shine 2949.85 µm2. Akwai bambanci mai mahimmanci (P <0.001) tsakanin mafi girma maida hankali na nanoemulsion irrigants da al'ada barbashi size irrigants (P-darajar 0.00000). Akwai bambanci mai mahimmanci (P<0.001) tsakanin mafi girma taro na nanoemulsion irrigants da al'ada barbashi size irrigants (P-darajar 0.00000). Имелась статистически высокодостоверная (P<0,001) разница между и и ирригационными растворами с нормальным размером частиц (значение P 0,00000). Akwai bambanci mai mahimmanci (P <0.001) tsakanin mafi girma maida hankali na nanoemulsion irrigants da al'ada barbashi size irrigants (P darajar 0.00000).较高浓度的纳米乳液冲洗剂与正常粒径冲洗剂之间存在统计学上高度显上高度显上高度显着的（1P. 00000).较高浓度的纳米乳液冲洗剂与正常粒径冲洗剂之间存在统计学上高度显上高度显着的（1P00. Наблюдалась статистически высокозначимая разница (P <0,001) ополаскивателем с нормальным размером частиц (значение P 0,00000). Akwai bambanci mai mahimmanci na ƙididdiga (P <0.001) tsakanin mafi girma taro na nanoemulsion kurkura da al'ada barbashi girman kurkura (P darajar 0.00000).Ko da yake maida hankali na nanoemulsion irrigant ya kasance ƙasa da na na al'ada size irrigant, wannan ƙananan taro ya fi tasiri sosai wajen kawar da tarkace kuma ya fi tasiri a tsaftace tushen tushen.
PUI yana da babban bambanci mai girma na ƙididdiga (p<0.001) idan aka kwatanta da sauran hanyoyin kunnawa. PUI yana da babban bambanci mai girma na ƙididdiga (p<0.001) idan aka kwatanta da sauran hanyoyin kunnawa. PUI имел статистически высокую значимую разницу (p<0,001) по сравнению PUI yana da bambanci mai mahimmanci na ƙididdiga (p<0.001) idan aka kwatanta da sauran hanyoyin kunnawa.与其他激活方法相比，PUI 具有统计学上的显着差异(p<0.001)。 Idan aka kwatanta da sauran hanyoyin kunnawa, PUI yana da bambanci mai mahimmanci na ƙididdiga (p <0.001). PUI статистически значимо отличался (p<0,001) по сравнению с другими методами активации. PUI ya bambanta sosai a kididdiga (p<0.001) idan aka kwatanta da sauran hanyoyin kunnawa.A lokacin kunna PUI, matsakaicin yanki na tarkace saman ya kasance 1695.31 μm2. Bambanci tsakanin PUI da Laser shine 987.89929 yana nuna mahimmancin ƙididdiga (P <0.001) bambanci tare da (p-darajar 0.00000) .Ma'anar bambanci tsakanin PUI kuma babu kunnawa shine 712.40643 yana nuna mahimmancin ƙididdiga (P <0.001) bambanci tare da (P <0.000) ba tare da amfani da 0.009 ba. ne mahimmanci ƙididdiga (P> 0.05) daban-daban tare da (P-darajar 0.451211). Ma'anar bambanci tsakanin PUI da Laser shine 987.89929 yana nuna mahimmancin ƙididdiga (P <0.001) bambanci tare da (p-darajar 0.00000).Bambanci tsakanin PUI kuma babu kunnawa shine 712.40643 yana nuna mahimmancin ƙididdiga (P <0.001) bambanci tare da (p -darajar 0.00098).Amfani da ko dai Laser kunnawa ko babu kunnawa babu wani gagarumin kididdiga (P> 0.05) daban-daban da (P-darajar 0.451211). Средня разница между PUI и лазером составила 987,89929 000). Ma'anar bambanci tsakanin PUI da laser shine 987.89929, yana nuna bambanci mai mahimmanci (P <0.001) tare da (p-darajar 0.00000). - значение 0,00098).Использование Bayani na 0,451211). - darajar 0.00098).Yin amfani da kunna laser ko babu kunnawa yana da bambanci mai mahimmanci (P> 0.05) tare da (P-darajar 0.451211). PUI 和激光之间的平均差异为987.89929，与(p 值0.00000) 差异具有高度统计学意.00(1) Matsakaicin bambanci tsakanin PUI da laser shine 987.89929, kuma bambancin (p 值0.00000) yana da mahimmancin ƙididdiga (P <0.001). Средня разница между PUI и лазером составила 987,89929, что было высоко статистически значимым (P<0,0001) . Bambanci tsakanin PUI da Laser shine 987.89929, wanda ke da mahimmancin ƙididdiga (P <0.001) tare da (p darajar 0.00000). PUI 与未激活之间的平均差异为712.40643，与(p) 差异具有高度统计学意义(P<0.0081) Matsakaicin bambanci tsakanin PUI da rashin aiki shine 712.40643, kuma bambancin (p) yana da mahimmancin ƙididdiga (P <0.001) - darajar 0.00098. Средня разница между PUI и инактивацией составила 712,40643. , 00098). Bambancin ma'anar tsakanin PUI da rashin kunnawa shine 712.40643, wanda ke da mahimmancin ƙididdiga tare da bambanci (p) (P <0.001 - darajar 0.00098).使用激光激活或不激活没有显着统计学差异(P>0.05) 与(P 值0.451211)。 Babu wani babban bambanci na ƙididdiga tsakanin kunna laser da rashin kunnawa (P> 0.05) da (P 值0.451211). Не было статистически значимой разницы (P>0,05) по сравнению с (значение P 0,451211) с Babu wani bambanci mai mahimmanci na ƙididdiga (P> 0.05) idan aka kwatanta da (ƙimar P 0.451211) tare da ko ba tare da kunna laser ba.Matsakaicin yanki na ragowar gutsuttsura yayin kunnawar Laser shine 2683.21 μm2.Matsakaicin yanki na sauran gutsuttsura ba tare da kunnawa ba shine 2407.72 μm2.Idan aka kwatanta da kunna Laser ko babu kunnawa, PUI yana da matsakaicin matsakaicin matsakaicin yanki na guntu, watau mafi kyawun iya tsaftacewa.
Ma'anar tasirin kurkura nanoemulsion akan kawar da tarkace ya kasance a kididdigar mafi girma fiye da na al'ada girman kurkura.Chx.HCl 1.6%, PUI 1938.77 µm2, 2510.96 µm2 tare da Laser.Ba tare da kunnawa ba, matsakaicin ƙimar shine 2511.34 µm2.Lokacin da aka yi amfani da 2% Chx.HCl kuma an kunna shi tare da laser, sakamakon ya kasance mafi muni kuma adadin tarkace ya kasance mafi girma.An sami sakamako iri ɗaya lokacin da 0.75% Chx.HCl ba a kunna ba.Babu shakka, an sami sakamako mafi kyau ta amfani da mafi girma na taimakon kurkura a cikin nanoemulsion.PUI ya fi tasiri wajen kunna ban ruwa da tarkace, kamar yadda aka nuna a hoto 3A-F)).
Kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin Table 2, Chx.HCl nanoemulsion ya yi mafi kyau fiye da nau'in nau'in nau'i na al'ada a cikin sharuddan ƙididdiga na microorganism mai yiwuwa kuma yana da dangantaka mai kyau tare da tsarin shigar da kwayoyin halitta da kuma tsaftacewa bisa ga sigogi masu zuwa: girman, flushing wakili maida hankali da kuma kunnawa hanya.
Ana iya lalata ƙwayoyin cuta gaba ɗaya ta hanyar amfani da babban taro na taimakon kurkura.Ko da tare da kunna PUI, 0.75% Chx.HCl yana da mummunan sakamako na ƙwayoyin cuta.Kunna Laser yana da mummunan tasiri akan rinses nano-emulsion.Kamar yadda za a iya gani daga duk sakamakon da ya gabata, yin amfani da laser yana rage tasirin Chx.HCl 0.75% nanoemulsion, inda CFU na nanoChx.HCl 0.75% shine 195, wanda shine babban darajar, yana nuna cewa reagents a wannan maida hankali ne m zuwa Laser kunnawa.Laser diode sune photothermal, don haka ko dai haske ko zafi na iya haifar da nanoemulsion don rasa tasirin maganin rigakafi.Sakamakon babban taro shine cikakken lalata kwayoyin cuta.Nano Chx.HCl 1.6% ya nuna mummunan ci gaban ƙwayoyin cuta a gaban kunnawar laser, wanda ke nufin cewa laser bai shafi ikon antibacterial na nano Chx.HCl 1.6%.Ana iya ƙarasa da cewa kayan nanoemulsion tare da babban taro yana da sakamako mai kyau na antibacterial.
A cikin wannan aikin, Chx.HCl nanoemulsions aka shirya ta amfani da biyu daban-daban mai, biyu surfactants da co-surfactant, da mafi kyau duka tsari (F6) tare da kananan barbashi size, short emulsification lokaci da high rushe kudi) da aka zaba.Bugu da ƙari, an gwada (F6) don kwanciyar hankali na zafin jiki / jiki.A cikin Chx.HCl nanoemulsion a maida hankali na 1.6%, Chx.HCl nanoemulsion ya nuna mafi kyawun lalacewa a cikin tubules na hakori idan aka kwatanta da Chx.HCl na al'ada a matsayin ruwa mai rinsing, kuma PUI a matsayin hanyar kunnawa yana da ikon tsaftacewa.Bugu da ƙari, nazarin ƙwayoyin cuta na Chx.HCl nanoemulsion ya nuna cikakken kawar da kwayoyin cuta.Sakamakon ya tabbatar da haka.Ana iya ɗaukar Chx.HCl nanoemulsion azaman ruwan wanka mai ban sha'awa.
Muna matukar godiya ga ma’aikatan dakin gwaje-gwajen bincike na Jami’ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Misr saboda babban goyon bayan da suke bayarwa.