A halin yanzu an kashe Javascript a cikin burauzar ku.Wasu fasalulluka na wannan gidan yanar gizon ba za su yi aiki ba idan an kashe JavaScript.
Yi rijista tare da takamaiman bayanan ku da takamaiman magungunan sha'awa, kuma za mu dace da bayanin da kuka bayar tare da labarai a cikin babban ma'ajin mu kuma mu aika muku da kwafin PDF nan da nan.
Himamoni Deka, 1 Putul Mahanta, 2 Sultana Jesmin Ahmed, 3 Madhab Ch Rajbangshi, 4 Ranjumoni Konwar, 5 Bharati Basumatari51 Department of Anatomy, Guwahati Medical College, Assam, India, 2 Dib, Assam, India Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Assam College , Rugar;3 Ma'aikatar Magungunan Jama'a, Kwalejin Kiwon Lafiya ta Assam, Dibrugarh, Assam, Indiya;4 Tezpur College of Medicine and Hospital Surgery, Tezpur, Assam, India;5 Ma'aikatar Radiology, Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed Medical College da Asibiti, Barpeta, Assam, Indiya Mawallafin Mawallafi: Putul Mahanta, Sashen Magungunan Magunguna da Toxicology, Assam Medical College da Asibiti, Dibrugarh, Assam, 786002, India, tel.+919435017802, imel [email protected] toshewar hanyar iska.Dukansu abubuwan da suka shafi kwayoyin halitta da na muhalli suna ba da gudummawa ga hauhawar yawan asma.Manufar wannan binciken shine don kimanta nau'o'in zamantakewa da zamantakewar al'umma da muhalli daban-daban da ke tasiri ga ilimin cututtukan fuka na yara a cikin marasa lafiya da ke gabatarwa ga sashen kula da yara na Kwalejin Kiwon Lafiyar Gauhati da Asibiti (GMCH) a Assam.Kaya da matakai.An zaɓi jimillar marasa lafiya 150 masu fama da cutar asma a asibiti a cikin rabo na 1:1 tsakanin lokuta masu shekaru 3-12 da marasa lafiya na rukunin shekaru ɗaya ba tare da cututtukan numfashi ba da tarihin asma a matsayin sarrafawa.An tattara bayanai ta amfani da tsarin da aka riga aka tsara kuma an riga an gwada shi, kuma an sami izini a rubuce daga duk masu kiyaye doka na mahalarta.An yi nazarin bayanai ta gwajin chi-square da koma bayan logistic na binary ta amfani da SPSS V20 da aka daidaita don ƙimar p.Sakamako: An gano yaran birni da maza suna cikin haɗarin kamuwa da asma.Yara a cikin birane (OR = 4, 53; 95% CI: 1.57-13.09; pppppp Kammalawa: Yara suna da saukin kamuwa da cutar asma ta hanyar muhalli ta haifar da wayar da kan jama'a da matakan kariya don sarrafawa da rage nauyin ciwon fuka a cikin yara Mahimman kalmomi: fuka, yanayin muhalli, yara, allergies, atopic.
Asthma cuta ce ta huhu da ta daɗe tana da jujjuyawar toshewar hanyar iska wanda ya haifar da kumburin hanyoyin iska a cikin huhu da kewayen tsoka.Sharuɗɗa na baya-bayan nan daga Global Initiative on Asthma (GINA) sun ayyana asma a matsayin "cuta iri-iri sau da yawa tana da kumburin hanyoyin iska".Alamun numfashi kamar su hushi, gazawar numfashi, matse kirji da tari, da kuma jujjuyawar kayyade kwarara, alamun asma ne.daya
A cikin mutanen da ke fama da asma, alamun cututtuka masu tsanani na iya faruwa saboda abubuwa daban-daban, kamar sigari da sauran nau'in shan taba, mold, pollen, kura, dander na dabba, motsa jiki, iska mai sanyi, kayan gida da masana'antu, gurɓataccen iska, da cututtuka.2 Haɗin kwayoyin halitta da abubuwan muhalli suna bayyana yawan cutar asma a wasu al'ummomi.Sau da yawa, waɗannan wasu abubuwan na iya haifar da bambance-bambance, tare da kabilanci ko ƙabila sune abubuwan da aka fi ganowa tsakanin ƙungiyoyin mutane daban-daban.3
Ganewar cutar asma na asibiti ne saboda babu daidaitaccen ma'anar nau'in, tsanani, ko yawan alamun bayyanar cututtuka.Bronchial asthma cuta ce ta gama gari wacce ke ɗaukar nauyi mai yawa akan aikin likita na gabaɗaya da kuma asibiti.4 Ko da yake gano cutar asma a yara da manya yana da kamanceceniya da yawa, bambance-bambancen ganewar asali, yanayin hunhuwa, ikon ba da takamaiman magani, da ƙimar bincikensa ya dogara da shekaru.
A duk duniya, sama da mutane miliyan 300 ne ke fama da cutar asma.A cikin yara, asma na cikin manyan cututtuka 20 na yau da kullun a cikin shekarun rayuwa na nakasassu na duniya, tare da adadin mace-mace na 0.0-0.7 a cikin mutane 100,000.5.An ba da rahoton yaduwar cutar asma a Indiya daga kashi 2% zuwa 23%, mai yiwuwa saboda yawan bambance-bambancen yanki da muhalli na kasar.6 A cikin binciken kwanan nan, an gano wannan adadi ya zama 10.4% a cikin Assam.7
Ciwon asma a cikin yara yana haifar da bayyanar cututtuka na numfashi kamar su hushi, tari, numfashi mai wahala, da kuma datse kirji, wanda idan ba a kula da su yadda ya kamata ba, na iya haifar da ciwon asma.Ciwon asma na ƙuruciya na iya yin illa ga rayuwar yara marasa lafiya ta hanyar ƙara rashin zuwa aiki da rage shiga aiki.
Duk da ci gaban ilimi da dabarun jiyya, an sami ƙaruwa mai yawa a cikin yaɗuwar cutar asma a cikin yara a cikin 'yan shekarun nan8,9, kuma ana buƙatar ƙarin fahimtar cututtukan cututtukan fuka don magance asma yadda ya kamata.Yayin da ake gudanar da bincike da yawa a sassa daban-daban na Indiya, kadan ne aka yi a wannan yanki na arewa maso gabashin Indiya.
An gudanar da wannan binciken ne a jihar Assam dake arewa maso gabashin kasar Indiya.Al'ummar Assam dai na kunshe ne da kabilu daban-daban, wadanda kashi 12.45% na al'ummomin kabilu irin su Bodo, Khachari, Karbi, Miri, Mishimi, Rabah, da dai sauransu, yankunan karkara sun warwatsu a mafi yawan yankunan.An san jihar da bambancin halittu.Noma, wanda akasari shinkafa, shayi da gwangwani, ya kai sama da kashi ɗaya bisa uku na kuɗin shiga na Assam kuma yana ɗaukar kusan kashi 69 na ma’aikata.Jihar tana samar da kashi 50% na noman shayin Indiya.Sauran sana’o’in noma masu riba sun hada da noman alade, kiwo da kamun kifi tare da halartar al’ummar karkara.Noma, shayi, mai da iskar gas, kwal da farar ƙasa sune manyan masana'antu.Bambance-bambancen launin fata da yanki a cikin jihar sun fi yawa saboda sauye-sauyen yanayi da cututtukan cututtuka.
GMCH ita ce babbar cibiyar neman ilimi a yankin, tana kula da marasa lafiya daga ko'ina a arewa maso gabashin Indiya, gami da mazauna karkara da birane.Yawancin marasa lafiya suna da ƙarancin yanayin zamantakewa da ƙarancin ilimi.Ciwon asma a cikin yara matsala ce da ta zama ruwan dare a cikin marasa lafiya na yara.
Wannan binciken ya yi niyya don kimanta nau'o'in zamantakewa da zamantakewar al'umma da muhalli daban-daban waɗanda ke tasiri ga ilimin cututtukan fuka na yara a cikin marasa lafiya masu shekaru 3-12 da ke gabatarwa ga likitan yara na GMCH.
Daga Afrilu 2013 zuwa Maris 2017, an gudanar da nazarin binciken da aka yi a baya a Sashen Anatomy tare da haɗin gwiwar Pediatrics Assam GMCH don bincika abubuwan zamantakewar al'umma da muhalli na fuka na yara a cikin yara masu shekaru 3-12.
A cikin binciken da ba a taɓa ganin irinsa ba, an zaɓi shari'o'i 150 da sarrafawa 150 a cikin rabo na 1:1 don nazarin abubuwa daban-daban a cikin asma na yara.An zaɓi marasa lafiya masu fama da cutar asma masu shekaru 3 zuwa 12 waɗanda ke gabatarwa ga yara na waje da asibitocin cikin gida a matsayin lokuta, yayin da masu sarrafa su ne marasa lafiya na rukunin shekaru ɗaya, zai fi dacewa suna rayuwa a cikin yanayi iri ɗaya ba tare da matsalolin numfashi ba.tarihin cututtuka da asma.
An ƙaddara girman samfurin ta amfani da sigar WinPepi 11.65.Bayanai daga ainihin binciken sun nuna cewa cutar asma a tsakanin yaran Indiya ya bambanta daga 1% zuwa 4%.Sabili da haka, ɗaukar nauyin 1% na yara masu ciwon fuka da daidaitattun masu haƙuri da masu kula da ƙungiyoyi, binciken yana buƙatar jimlar samfurin mutane 274 don cimma 80% iko don gano 4% bambancin wutsiya biyu tsakanin biyu..Duk ƙungiyoyin biyu suna da matakin mahimmanci na 5%.
Bugu da ƙari, ɗauka cewa kusan 10% na wadanda ba su amsa ba sun kasance saboda asarar da ta biyo baya ko rashin biyayya, yana da kyau a zana samfurin mutane 300 (wanda ya ƙunshi shari'o'i 150 da 150 sarrafawa).
Yi amfani da tsarin tattara bayanai da aka riga aka tsara da gwadawa.An sami izinin rubutaccen bayani daga duk masu kula da shari'a na mahalarta binciken.An tattara bayanai akan mabambantan zamantakewa da al'umma da muhalli daban-daban.Nau'in gida an bayyana shi azaman
Gidan Pucca, idan an yi bango da rufin tubali, siminti da dutse;gidan Katcha ana yin shi ne da itace da ƙasa da bambaro da busassun ganye idan gidan an yi shi da bangon bulo da bangon adobe da rufin ciyawa ko kwano da siminti.benaye Idan an kammala, wannan gidan Semi pucca ne.An tantance matsayin zamantakewa ta hanyar amfani da ma'aunin Kuppuswami da aka gyara (2014).
Yanayin bayarwa na mahalarta, tarihin asphyxia na haihuwa, nau'in ciyarwa, tarihin rashin lafiyar abinci, tarihin jaraba, tarihin iyali na asma, tarihin atop ko rashin lafiyan, da tarihin iyali na shan taba ko hayaki na hannu.Duk dangin da ke zaune a gida ɗaya an ɗauke su a matsayin masu shan taba a tarihin iyali.Bisa ga GINA Epidemiological and Clinical Trial Guidelines Image Guidelines, an rarraba nauyin cututtuka bisa ga matakan da aka tsara na jiyya, la'akari da cewa marasa lafiya da aka ba da su zuwa mataki na 2 suna da ciwon asma mai sauƙi, kuma marasa lafiya da aka ba da su zuwa mataki na 3-4 suna da ciwon asma.yana da matsakaicin asma kuma an sanya shi mataki-5.maganin asma mai tsanani.
Ƙididdigar haɗawa da ƙaddamarwa: Littattafai sun nuna cewa ya kamata a haɗa da cututtukan yara a cikin binciken har zuwa shekaru 18.Duk da haka, a GMCH, yawancin masu ba da shawara ga yara ba su da shekaru 12. Bugu da ƙari, abin da ya faru na asma na yara ya wuce yawan cutar kafin da kuma bayan balaga.Don haka, an zaɓi rukunin shekaru daga shekaru 3 zuwa 12 don binciken.Binciken ya haɗa da marasa lafiya da ke fama da cutar asma na asibiti masu shekaru 3 zuwa 12 da suka yarda su shiga cikin binciken.Yara masu shekaru 3 zuwa 12 da suka yarda su shiga cikin binciken ba tare da cututtuka na numfashi ba, sun fi dacewa da rayuwa a cikin irin wannan yanayi, an zaba su a matsayin ƙungiyar kulawa.
An cire yara masu shekaru 0-3 daga binciken saboda hunhu a cikin wannan rukunin shekarun bai wadatar ba don gano cutar asma.Bugu da ƙari, an cire yaran da suka dace da shekarun da suka dace da masu kula da su waɗanda ba su yarda su shiga cikin binciken ba.
Binciken kididdiga.An yi nazarin bambance-bambance a cikin ma'auni ta amfani da gwajin χ.An yi amfani da regression na binary logistic don ma'auni masu mahimmanci a cikin nazarin univariate, kuma an yi amfani da gwajin Wald's χ 2 don auna gudunmawar mai zaman kanta na magani.
Amincewa da Da'a: Kafin tattara bayanai, an sami amincewar ɗa'a daga kwamitocin ɗa'a na Cibiyar, watau kwamitocin ɗa'a na GMCH, Guwahati, Assam da Indiya, Ref: A'a: 233/2018/215.
Daga cikin marasa lafiya 112,323 da ke halartar sashin kula da yara a lokacin binciken, 18.88% sun kasance marasa lafiya na numfashi.Daga cikin yara masu shekaru 3-12, 2.96% sun sha wahala daga asma.Yawancin cututtukan fuka na yara sun faru a cikin bazara na Satumba da Oktoba (Fig. 1).
Wannan binciken kula da shari'ar ya haɗa da yara 150 masu ciwon asma da sarrafawa 150.Ma'anar (± SD) shekarun mahalarta binciken shine 8.38 (± 2.69) shekaru.Tari da ƙarancin numfashi sune mafi yawan alamun asibiti a cikin lamuran.Yawancin (77.3%) na lokuta suna da hare-haren asma na episodic kuma kashi 8.7 kawai na lokuta suna da asma mai tsanani.An lura da yawan lokuta a cikin kaka (30%).A cikin kusan 38% na lokuta, an ba da rahoton bayyanar cututtuka da dare (Table 1).
A cewar masu amsa, abubuwan sha masu sanyi (82.7%), ice cream (71.6%) da fallasa kura (35%) sune abubuwan da ke haifar da asma.Kusan 19.3% na lokuta sun ba da rahoton rashin zuwa saboda rashin lafiya.
Matsakaicin shekarun (madaidaicin sabawa) na mahalarta shine shekaru 8.34 (2.69).Yawancin lamuran sun kasance a cikin rukunin shekaru 7-12 kuma maza ne.Mahalarta binciken galibinsu Hindu ne kuma ba kabilanci ba.
Yara da maza masu shekaru 7-12 sun sami mafi girman adadin abubuwan da suka faru, kodayake ƙungiyar ba ta da mahimmanci. Hakanan, asma na yara yana da alaƙa da BMI (p-darajar <0.05). Hakanan, asma na yara yana da alaƙa da BMI (p-darajar <0.05). Кроме того, детская астма была значительно связана с ИМТ (значение р<0,05). Bugu da ƙari, asma na yara yana da alaƙa da BMI (ƙimar p<0.05).此外，儿童哮喘与BMI 显着相关（p 值<0.05）。此外，儿童哮喘与BMI 显着相关（p 值<0.05）。 Кроме того, детская астма была значительно связана с ИМТ (значение p <0,05). Bugu da ƙari, asma na yara yana da alaƙa da BMI (ƙimar p <0.05).Matsalolin kasancewa kiba (OR = 2.22, 95% CI: 1.17-4.18) da kiba (OR = 2.72, 95% CI: 1.46-5.09) sun fi sau biyu idan aka kwatanta da yara na al'ada nauyi.Yaran birni da ke zaune a cikin iyalai na tarayya, wuraren ajiye kaya, da damshi, gidajen da ba su da isasshen iska suna da haɗarin kamuwa da cutar sosai. A cikin dakunan dafa abinci, abubuwan da ke haifar da hayaki banda LPG, magungunan sauro, Dhuna, da sauransu, suna da alaƙa da cutar asma na yara (p-darajar <0.05). A cikin dakunan dafa abinci, abubuwan da ke haifar da hayaki banda LPG, magungunan sauro, Dhuna, da sauransu, suna da alaƙa da cutar asma na yara (p-darajar <0.05). В примыкающих кухнях использование значительно выделяющего. ткомаров, Дхуна da т.д., также связано с детской астмой (значение p<0,05). A cikin dakunan dafa abinci, ana danganta amfani da hayaki mai yawan gaske ban da LPG, maganin sauro, Dhuna, da dai sauransu, kuma yana da alaƙa da asma na yara (p value <0.05).在附属厨房中，除LPG、驱蚊剂、Dhuna 等以外的产生烟雾的燃料也与儿童哮喘显童哮喘显童哮喘显瀳：0. Dhuna 等以外的产生与儿童哮喘显着相关（p 值<0.05）、 Дымобразующие виды топлива, кроме сжиженного нефтяного газа, средства от комаров, Dhuna и т.д., также были в значительной степени связаны с детской астмой на примыкающих кухнях (значение p <0,05). Abubuwan da ke haifar da hayaki banda LPG, maganin sauro, Dhuna, da sauransu kuma suna da alaƙa da cutar asma ta ƙuruciya a cikin dakunan dafa abinci (p value <0.05).An kuma lura cewa yara masu dabbobi sun fi kamuwa da asma sau 8 (Table 2).
Kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin Table 3, 46.7% na shari'o'in na iyalai ne masu ƙananan matsayi na zamantakewa. Har ila yau, ilimin mahaifa ya kasance ƙasa a cikin lokuta (p-darajar <0.05). Har ila yau, ilimin mahaifa ya kasance ƙasa a cikin lokuta (p-darajar <0.05). Материнское образование также было ниже среди случаев (значение p<0,05). Ilimin uwa kuma ya kasance ƙasa a cikin lokuta (p ƙimar <0.05).病例中的母亲教育程度也较低（p 值<0.05）。病例中的母亲教育程度也较低（p 值<0.05）。 МаTERи в эtyh sluchayah takже bыly mene obrazovannыmy (znachение p <0,05). Iyaye mata a cikin waɗannan lokuta ma ba su da ilimi sosai (p value <0.05).
Yaran da aka haifa ta hanyar caesarean (CS) ko wasu hanyoyin haihuwa, da kuma yara masu tarihin asphyxia na haihuwa, suna cikin haɗarin cutar.Bugu da ƙari, ƙananan yara masu cin abinci da abinci sun kasance kusan sau biyar sun fi kamuwa da cutar fiye da yara masu shayarwa (Table 4).
Tarihin rashin lafiyar abinci na yara da kuma atopyya an danganta su da ciwon asma na yara. Har ila yau, yara daga iyalai masu tarihin alerji da asma (p-value<0.05) sun kasance masu saurin kamuwa da cutar. Har ila yau, yara daga iyalai masu tarihin alerji da asma (p-value<0.05) sun kasance masu saurin kamuwa da cutar. Также высокой склонностью к заболеванию к заболеванию Har ila yau, yara daga iyalan da ke da tarihin rashin lafiyar jiki da kuma asma suna da girman kai ga cutar (p<0.05).此外，来自有过敏和哮喘病史的家庭（p 值<0.05）的儿童极易患病。此外，来自有过敏和哮喘病史的家庭（p 值<0.05）的儿童极易患病。 Кроме того, дети из семей с аллергией и астмой в анамнезе (р-значение <0,05) были высоко воспримчивы. Bugu da ƙari, yara daga iyalai masu tarihin allergies da asma (p-value <0.05) sun kasance masu sauƙi sosai. Shan taba ta hanyar wasu ’yan uwa kuma ya ƙaru kusan sau takwas haɗarin asma tsakanin yara (p-value<0.05). Shan taba ta hanyar wasu ’yan uwa kuma ya ƙaru kusan sau takwas haɗarin asma tsakanin yara (p-value<0.05). Пассивное курение через других членов семьи также Shan taba ta hanyar wasu 'yan uwa kuma yana ƙara haɗarin kamuwa da asma a cikin yara da kusan sau takwas (p value <0.05).通过其他家庭成员被动吸烟也使儿童患哮喘的风险增加了近8 倍（p 值<0.05）。通过其他家庭成员被动吸烟也使儿童患哮喘的风险增加了近8 Пассивное курение карез других членов семьи также Shan taba ta hanyar wasu 'yan uwa kuma ya kara haɗarin kamuwa da asma a cikin yara da kusan sau 8 (p-value <0.05).(Table 5)
Rikicin binary dabaru da yawa ya nuna cewa yara a cikin birane, yanayi mai ɗanɗano, ƙarancin yanayin zamantakewa, dabbobin gida, tarihin iyali na atopy/allergies, tarihin iyali na shan taba / shan taba, da abinci mai gauraye sun kasance masu ba da gudummawa sosai.Abubuwan haɗari ga asma na yara (Table 6).
Table 6 Multivariate logistic bincike bincike don kimanta muhimman abubuwan da ke tasiri a cikin yara
A cikin shekaru biyu zuwa 30 da suka gabata, adadin cututtukan da ke da alaƙa sun karu, wanda ya haifar da tattaunawa mai yawa game da canjin muhalli, gurɓataccen yanayi, da martanin rigakafi ga ƙwayoyin cuta.Duka bayyanar da muhalli da rashin lafiyar halittu da kwayoyin halitta suna taka rawa wajen haɓakar asma.
A cikin wannan binciken, 2.96% na marasa lafiya a cikin shekaru 3 zuwa 12 sun ba da rahoton asma na yara.Koyaya, wasu binciken da suka gabata sun ba da rahoton nau'ikan cutar asma na yara a cikin yaran Indiya.6,10-12 bambance-bambancen yanki da muhalli a Indiya suna tasiri kai tsaye kuma suna shafar abubuwan haɗari masu alaƙa da haɗarin asma.6 Don haka, don rigakafin da ya dace da kuma kan lokaci na cutar, ƙididdigar yanki na manyan abubuwan da ke haifar da asma na yara ya zama dole.
Yara masu shekaru 7-12, maza da yara da ke zaune a cikin birane suna cikin haɗarin kamuwa da cutar asma.An lura da rinjaye na birane da maza a cikin yaduwar asma a cikin wani bincike a Indiya,10 mai kama da bincikenmu.Koyaya, wannan ƙungiyar tana da mahimmancin ƙididdiga kawai a cikin mahallin wurin gida.
Nazarin ya nuna cewa canje-canjen hormonal na musamman na jinsi na iya yin tasiri ga ciwon fuka, saboda yara maza suna iya kamuwa da cutar asma a lokacin yara.Koyaya, wannan hoton yana canzawa bayan balaga, kuma mata suna kamuwa da cutar sau da yawa fiye da maza.13-15 Bugu da kari, yara maza 'yan kasa da shekaru 10 suna da kananan hanyoyin iska fiye da 'yan mata masu shekaru daya, kuma tsayin daka kuma ana tunanin shi ne sanadin cutar asma ga yara maza.16.17
Metro Kamstrup, babban birnin Assam, ya nuna saurin ci gaban birane a cikin 'yan shekarun nan.Yawancin bincike sun ba da rahoton cewa, ƙauyuka wani abu ne da ke yin tasiri game da cutar asma, wanda ya yi daidai da bincikenmu.18,19 A cikin binciken da aka yi a yanzu, rashin daidaituwa na gyare-gyare na logistic ya nuna cewa yara masu kiba da kiba sun fi sau biyu fiye da yiwuwar kamuwa da cutar asma fiye da yara masu BMI na al'ada, daidai da sake dubawa na baya-bayan nan.20 Bugu da ƙari, ƙananan matsayin zamantakewar al'umma abu ne mai yuwuwar haɗarin asma na yara.Yara daga iyalai marasa matsayi na zamantakewa suna cikin haɗarin haɓaka asma saboda ƙarancin amsawar rigakafi da ƙananan albarkatun kula da lafiya.21-23
Yaran da ke zaune a cikin iyali na haɗin gwiwa, gidajen kaccha, gidajen datti, rashin isassun iska, wuraren dafa abinci, hayaki mai fitar da hayaki, magungunan sauro da Dhuna, da dai sauransu, suna da alaƙa da ciwon asma na yara (p-value<0.05). Yaran da ke zaune a cikin iyali na haɗin gwiwa, gidajen kaccha, gidajen datti, rashin isassun iska, wuraren dafa abinci, hayaki mai fitar da hayaki, magungunan sauro da Dhuna, da dai sauransu, suna da alaƙa da ciwon asma na yara (p-value<0.05).Yaran da ke zaune a cikin iyali na haɗin gwiwa, gudu daga gida, gidaje masu daskarewa, rashin isassun iska, wuraren dafa abinci, man fetur mai hayaki, maganin sauro da Dhuna da dai sauransu.д., были достоверно связаны с детской астмой (значение р<0,05). e., an danganta su da cutar asma na yara (darajar p<0.05).共同家庭的儿童、kaccha 房屋、潮湿的住宅、通风不足、附属厨房、上屋、潮湿的住宅等与儿童哮喘显着相关（p 值<0.05）。 Yara a cikin gidajen da aka raba, gidajen kaccha, gidaje masu damshi, rashin isassun iska, dafa abinci da aka makala, mai mai hayaki, magungunan sauro, da Dhuna suna da alaƙa da cutar asma na yara (p value<0.05). Дети в общих домохозяйствах, домах кача, сырых жилищах. ве, репеллентах от комаров и Дхуна были в значительной степени связаны с детской астмой (значение p <0,05). Yaran da ke zaune a gidajen jama'a, gudu na gida, gidaje masu ɗanɗano, rashin isassun iska, dafaffen dafa abinci, man mai hayaƙi, magungunan sauro da dhuna suna da alaƙa da cutar asma na yara (p value <0.05).Binciken da aka yi a baya ya kuma nuna cewa abubuwa daban-daban na muhalli na cikin gida na iya haifar da asma ga yara.24-27 Ƙungiyar rashin lafiyar dabbobi na cikin gida tare da fuka na yara yana da rikici, kamar yadda 'yan masu bincike sunyi imanin cewa farkon bayyanar cututtuka na iya taimakawa wajen bunkasa haƙuri.28
Yawancin bincike sun nuna cewa yaran da aka haifa ta hanyar caesarean suna da haɗarin cutar asma na yara idan aka kwatanta da haihuwa na al'ada.Wannan ya yi daidai da bincikenmu.29-32 Yara masu tarihin asphyxia na haihuwa suma suna da haɗarin kamuwa da asma.Ciwon asma na uwa yana da muhimmiyar gudummawa ga rikice-rikicen ciki kamar ciwon damuwa na numfashi da asphyxia na jarirai.33
Kamar yadda yake tare da sauran binciken, binciken da aka yi a halin yanzu yana nuna cewa tarihin yara na rashin lafiyar abinci ko atop ko tarihin iyali na rashin lafiya da ciwon asma yana kara haɗarin ciwon fuka na yara.34,35 A cikin layi tare da bincikenmu, binciken da aka yi a baya da yawa ya nuna cewa dabi'ar shan taba tsakanin tsararraki na iya haifar da canje-canjen kwayoyin halitta a cikin epigenome wanda ke kara haɗarin fuka a cikin 'ya'ya.36
A cikin 'yan kwanakin nan, saurin bunkasuwar birane ya shafi dukkan bangarori na al'umma.Saboda hanyoyin samun kudin shiga da sana'o'i daban-daban, mutane sun fi son zama a birane don haka suna fuskantar gurbacewar muhalli iri-iri.An shawarci 'yan uwa na yara masu saukin kamuwa da su kula da su don guje wa zafi, shan taba, ajiye dabbobi a cikin iyali tare da rashin lafiyar jiki, da kuma guje wa rashin lafiyar jiki / rashin lafiyan abubuwan da ke haifar da yara tare da tarihin iyali na allergies / rashin lafiyan.Yakamata a kara wayar da kan jama'a game da shayar da nonon uwa zalla saboda fa'idar shayarwa wajen rigakafin cutar asma.
Yawancin marasa lafiya da suka zo Kwalejin Kiwon Lafiya ta Guwahati sun fito ne daga ko'ina cikin Arewa maso Gabas Indiya kamar yadda Kwalejin Kiwon Lafiya ta Guwahati ita ce babbar cibiyar kwararru a yankin.Yawancin marasa lafiya suna da ƙarancin yanayin zamantakewa da ƙarancin ilimi.Ciwon asma a yara matsala ce da ta zama ruwan dare a sashen kula da yara na asibitin mu.Dabarun rigakafin da suka dace ga waɗannan majinyata masu haɗari za su taimaka rage cututtuka da rage yawan tashin hankali.
Duk da duk maganin fuka da ake da su, yawancin marasa lafiya ba su da iko sosai, amma gano takamaiman adadin majinyata, gami da phenotypes da endotypes, na iya inganta sarrafa su.Don haka, nazarin yanki na yaduwar cutar asma na yara da abubuwan haɗari zasu taimaka wajen gudanar da ingantaccen tsarin waɗannan lamuran.
A cikin wannan binciken, wasu marasa lafiya ba su dawo don ƙarin bincike da bibiya ba.Hakan na iya faruwa ne saboda rashin sanin musabbabin cutar da sakamakonsa.Saboda rashin kyawun tsarin sadarwa, ba mu iya gano duk majinyata ba.
Yara suna da saukin kamuwa da cutar asma, kuma fahimtar da ta dace game da abubuwan da ke haifar da cutar asma da kuma allergens na iya taimakawa wajen sarrafawa da rage nauyin cutar.A cikin iyalan da ke da tarihin rashin lafiyan jiki ko ciwon asma, ya kamata a dauki kulawar da ta dace don kare yara masu saukin kamuwa daga abubuwan da ke damun su.
An kiyaye duk bayanan sirri kuma an gudanar da binciken bisa ga sanarwar Helsinki.
Godiya ga duk likitocin yara waɗanda suka taimaka tattara bayanai da kimanta abubuwan da ke cikin iliminsu.Dukkan abokan aikin sashen da suka taimaka mana samun damar shiga dakunan karatu da muhallin sashen a lokacin binciken an kuma yarda da su.
Duk marubutan sun ba da gudummawa mai mahimmanci ga aikin rahoton, ko a cikin ra'ayi, ƙira na nazari, aiwatarwa, tattara bayanai, bincike da fassarar, ko duk waɗannan fannoni;sun shiga cikin tsarawa, bita ko nazari mai mahimmanci na labarin.Ƙarshen sigar da za a buga, ku yarda a kan mujallar da za a ba da labarin, kuma ku yarda ku kasance da alhakin dukan abubuwan da ke cikin aikin.
1. Dabarun duniya don magancewa da rigakafin cutar asma.Ƙaddamarwar Asthma ta Duniya.2018. Akwai a: https://ginasthma.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/2018-GINA.pdf.Har zuwa Disamba 2, 2021