An tabbatar da abubuwan kariya na famfo don kare famfo daga yashi da kuma tsawaita rayuwar ESPs a cikin rijiyoyin da ba a saba da su ba.Wannan bayani yana kula da koma baya na yashi frac da sauran daskararru wanda zai iya haifar da overloads da downtime.The kunna fasahar kawar da matsalolin hade da barbashi size rashin tabbas.
Kamar yadda kuma da rijiyoyin mai dogara da ESPs, mika rayuwar lantarki submersible yin famfo (ESP) tsarin zama ƙara muhimmanci.The aiki rayuwa da kuma yi na wucin gadi daga farashinsa ne kula da daskararru a samar fluids.The aiki rayuwa da kuma yi na ESP rage muhimmanci tare da karuwa a cikin m barbashi.In Bugu da kari, daskararru ƙara da rijiyar downtime da workover mita da ake bukata don maye gurbin ESP.
M barbashi cewa sau da yawa gudãna ta wucin gadi daga farashinsa sun hada da samuwar yashi, na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa fracturing proppants, ciminti, da kuma eroded ko lalata karfe barbashi.Downhole fasahar tsara don raba daskararru kewayon daga low-inganci cyclones zuwa high-inganci 3D bakin karfe waya mesh.Downhole vortex desanders da aka yi amfani da farko daga al'ada famfo desanders da aka yi amfani da da farko a cikin al'ada famfo desanders. har abada, rijiyoyin da ba na al'ada ba suna ƙarƙashin kwararar slug na tsaka-tsaki, wanda ke haifar da fasahar rabuwar vortex da ke wanzuwa kawai tana aiki ta ɗan lokaci.
Da dama daban-daban bambance-bambancen karatu na hade yashi kula da fuska da downhole vortex desanders da aka samarwa don kare ESPs.Duk da haka, akwai gibba a cikin kariya da kuma samar da yi na duk farashinsa saboda rashin tabbas a cikin girman rarraba da girma na daskararru samar da kowane well.Rashin tabbas yana ƙara tsawon yashi iko aka gyara, game da shi rage zurfin a cikin abin da ESP iya zama da žasa da žasa da žasa da žasa da ESP. An fi son zurfin saiti mai zurfi a cikin rijiyoyin da ba na al'ada ba.Duk da haka, yin amfani da de-sanders da ginshiƙan laka na namiji don dakatar da dogon taro mai ƙarfi na yashi a cikin sassan casing tare da haɓakar haɓakar ESP MTBF mai tsayi. Lalacewar bututun ciki wani bangare ne na wannan ƙirar da ba a kimanta shi sosai.
Mawallafa na takarda na 2005 sun gabatar da sakamakon gwaji na mai rarraba yashi mai saukar da ruwa bisa ga bututun cyclone (Figure 1), wanda ya dogara da aikin cyclone da nauyi, don nuna cewa rabon rabuwa ya dogara da dankon mai, yawan kwarara, da girman ƙwayar .Sun nuna cewa ingancin mai rarrabawa yana rage yawan dogara ga rashin ƙarfi na rashin ƙarfi. raira ya kwarara kudi, ragewa m barbashi size, da kuma kara man danko, Figure 2.For a hankula cyclone tube downhole SEPARATOR, da rabuwa yadda ya dace saukad zuwa ~ 10% kamar yadda barbashi size saukad da zuwa ~ 100 µm.Bugu da kari, yayin da yawan kwarara ya karu, mai raba vortex yana fuskantar lalacewa, wanda ke shafar amfani da sassan tsarin rayuwa.
Hanya mai ma'ana ta gaba ita ce yin amfani da allon kula da yashi na 2D tare da fadin ramin da aka ƙayyade. Girman ɓangarori da rarraba suna da mahimmancin la'akari lokacin zabar fuska don tace daskararru a cikin samar da rijiyar na al'ada ko mara kyau, amma suna iya zama ba a sani ba. Ƙwararrun na iya fitowa daga tafki, amma suna iya bambanta daga diddige zuwa diddige;A madadin haka, allon yana iya buƙatar tace yashi daga fashewar ruwa. A kowane hali, farashin tarin daskararru, bincike da gwaji na iya zama haramun.
Idan 2D tubing allon ba da kyau kaga, sakamakon zai iya yin sulhu da tattalin arziki na rijiyar.Yashi allon budewa cewa su ne ma kananan zai iya haifar da wanda bai kai ba plugging, shutdowns da kuma bukatar remedial workovers.If sun yi yawa girma, sun ƙyale daskararru zuwa yardar kaina shigar da samar da tsari, wanda zai iya lalata man bututu, lalata wucin gadi surface famfo, da zubar da ruwa da kuma zubar da wani wuri da ake bukata. mafita mai sauƙi, mai tsada mai tsada wanda zai iya tsawaita rayuwar famfo kuma ya rufe babban rarraba girman yashi.
Don saduwa da wannan bukatar, wani binciken da aka gudanar a kan yin amfani da bawul majalisai a hade tare da bakin karfe waya raga, wanda shi ne m ga sakamakon daskararru rarraba.Nazari sun nuna cewa bakin karfe waya raga tare da m pore size da 3D tsarin iya yadda ya kamata sarrafa daskararru na daban-daban masu girma dabam ba tare da sanin barbashi size rarraba na sakamakon daskararru, da 3D iya tasiri bakin karfe size da yashi da yashi duk da sakamakon daskararru. .
A bawul taro saka a kasa na allo damar samar da ci gaba har sai da ESP da aka ja daga.It hana ESP daga ana dawo da nan da nan bayan da allon da aka bridged.Sakamakon shigar da yashi iko allon da bawul taro kare ESPs, sanda daga famfo, da kuma iskar gas daga kammala daga daskararru a lokacin samarwa ta hanyar tsaftacewa da ruwa kwarara da kuma samar da wani kudin-tasiri bayani da ciwon zuwa tsawaita halin da ake ciki na Pump rayuwa ba tare da tsawaita rayuwa daban-daban.
Na farko tsara famfo kariya design.A famfo kariya taro ta amfani da bakin karfe ulu fuska aka tura a cikin wani tururi taimaka nauyi magudanun ruwa da kyau a Western Canada don kare ESP daga daskararru a lokacin production.Screens tace cutarwa daskararru daga samar da ruwa kamar yadda ya shiga samar string.Within samar da kirtani, ruwaye gudana zuwa ESP mashigai, inda aka pumped su zama surface da kuma samar da isobo zone tsakanin daskararru na iya samar da isobo tsakanin daskararru da kuma samar da isobo. re.
A tsawon lokacin samarwa, sararin samaniya tsakanin allon da casing yana kula da gada tare da yashi, wanda ya kara yawan juriya. Daga ƙarshe, gadoji na annulus gaba ɗaya, yana dakatar da gudana, kuma ya haifar da bambancin matsa lamba tsakanin rijiyar rijiyar da kuma samar da kirtani, kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin Hoto 3. A wannan lokaci, ruwa ba zai iya gudana zuwa ESP ba kuma dole ne a ja igiyar kammalawa.Dangane da adadin sauye-sauye masu alaƙa da samar da daskararru, tsawon lokacin da ake buƙata don dakatar da kwarara ta hanyar gadar daskararrun akan allon na iya zama ƙasa da tsawon lokacin da zai ba da damar ESP don fitar da daskararrun ruwa mai ɗorewa yana nufin lokaci tsakanin gazawa zuwa ƙasa, don haka an haɓaka ƙarni na biyu na abubuwan haɗin gwiwa.
Na biyu tsarar famfo kariya taro.The PumpGuard * shigar da yashi iko allon da bawul taro tsarin da aka dakatar a kasa da REDA * famfo a cikin Hoto 4, misali na wani unconventional ESP kammala. Da zarar rijiyar da aka samar, allon tace da daskararru a samar, amma zai fara sannu a hankali gada tare da yashi da kuma haifar da wani matsa lamba da bambanci.Lokacin da wannan bambanci matsa lamba ya kai ga bawul ta famfo a cikin Hoto na ESP da za a iya samu a kai tsaye bawul ta bawul ta fashe kirtani. .Wannan kwarara yana daidaita bambancin matsa lamba a fadin allon, yana sassauta riko na sandbags a waje na allo.Yashi yana da 'yanci don karyawa daga cikin annulus, wanda ya rage juriya na gudana ta hanyar allon kuma ya ba da damar ci gaba. Kamar yadda bambance-bambancen matsa lamba ya sauke, bawul ɗin ya koma wurin da yake rufewa kuma yanayin yanayi na al'ada ya ci gaba. Maimaita wannan sake zagayowar har sai da ya zama dole don fitar da tsarin da aka yi a cikin rami na ESP. muhimmanci ƙara tsawon rayuwar famfo idan aka kwatanta da gudu nunin kammala shi kadai.
Domin kwanan nan shigarwa, wani kudin-kore bayani da aka gabatar domin yanki kadaici tsakanin bakin karfe waya raga da ESP.A kasa fuskantar kofin packer aka saka sama da allon sashe.Above kofin fakitin, ƙarin cibiyar tube perforations samar da kwarara hanya domin samar da ruwa don ƙaura daga ciki na allo zuwa annular sarari sama da fakitin, inda ruwa zai iya shiga ESP a cikinletlet.
A bakin karfe waya raga tace zaba domin wannan bayani bayar da dama abũbuwan amfãni a kan rata-tushen 2D raga iri.2D tace da farko dogara a kan barbashi spanning tace gibba ko ramummuka don gina sandbags da kuma samar da yashi control.Duk da haka, tun da kawai guda rata darajar za a iya zaba don allon, allon zama sosai kula da barbashi size rarraba na samar da ruwa.
Sabanin haka, kauri mai kauri gado na bakin karfe waya raga filters samar da high porosity (92%) da kuma babban bude kwarara yankin (40%) ga samar wellbore fluid.The tace an gina ta da compressing bakin karfe ulu raga da kuma nannade shi kai tsaye a kusa da wani perforated cibiyar tube, sa'an nan encapsulates shi a cikin wani perforated m murfin da aka welded zuwa tsakiyar tube na rarraba pores a kowane karshen pores. jere daga 15 µm zuwa 600 µm) damar m fines to gudãna tare da 3D kwarara hanya zuwa ga tsakiyar tube bayan ya fi girma da kuma cutarwa barbashi suna tarko a cikin raga.Sand riƙewa gwajin a kan samfurori na wannan sieve nuna cewa tace kula high permeability saboda ruwa ne generated ta hanyar sieve.Ta yaya, wannan rabo daga cikin ruwa iya rike da sikelin size. ol screen wani babban ma'aikaci ne ya ɓullo da shi a cikin 1980s musamman don kammala allo mai ƙunshe da kai a cikin tafki mai motsa tururi kuma yana da rikodi mai yawa na ingantaccen shigarwa.
Ƙungiyar bawul ɗin ta ƙunshi bawul ɗin da aka ɗora a cikin bazara wanda ke ba da izinin tafiya ta hanya ɗaya zuwa cikin kirtani na tubing daga yankin samarwa.Ta hanyar daidaitawa preload na coil spring preload kafin shigarwa, da bawul za a iya musamman don cimma burin fatattaka matsa lamba ga aikace-aikace.Yawanci, wani bawul da aka gudu a karkashin bakin karfe waya raga don samar da wani sakandare kwarara hanya tsakanin tafki da kuma da ESPshes da mahara matsa lamba aiki a cikin wasu lokuta fiye da bawul bawul aiki, fiye da a cikin wasu lokuta, bawul da bawul da ke aiki tare da bawul na tsakiya. mafi ƙasƙanci bawul.
A tsawon lokaci, samuwar barbashi cika annular yankin tsakanin m surface na famfo kariyar taro allo da bango na samar casing.As da rami cika da yashi da kuma barbashi ƙarfafa, da matsa lamba drop fadin cikin sandbag ƙara.When wannan matsa lamba drop ya kai wani saiti darajar, da mazugi bawul bude da damar gudãna kai tsaye ta cikin famfo mashigai.At da allon da ya gudana a baya ta cikin famfo mashigai. filter.Saboda bambancin matsa lamba da aka rage, kwararar ruwa za ta ci gaba ta hanyar allon sannan kuma bawul ɗin cin abinci zai rufe.Saboda haka, famfo zai iya ganin motsin kai tsaye daga bawul na ɗan gajeren lokaci. Wannan yana tsawaita rayuwar famfo, saboda yawancin kwararar ruwa shine ruwan da aka tace ta fuskar yashi.
The famfo kariya tsarin da aka sarrafa tare da packers a cikin uku daban-daban rijiyoyin a cikin Delaware Basin a Amurka.The babban burin shi ne don rage yawan ESP farawa da tsayawar saboda yashi da alaka overloads da kuma ƙara ESP samuwa don inganta production.The famfo kariya tsarin da aka dakatar daga ƙananan ƙarshen ESP string.Sakamakon rijiyar man fetur ya nuna barga da aikin famfo, rage yawan rawar jiki da yashi a halin yanzu. rage da 75% da famfo rayuwa ya karu da fiye da 22%.
A rijiyar.An shigar da tsarin ESP a cikin sabon rijiyar hakowa da karyewa a cikin gundumar Martin, Texas. Yankin rijiyar na tsaye yana da kusan ƙafa 9,000 kuma ɓangaren kwance ya kai ƙafa 12,000, zurfin zurfin (MD) .Domin kammalawar biyu na farko, an shigar da tsarin shingen yashi na ƙasa mai saukar da vortex tare da haɗin haɗin layi guda shida tare da nau'in haɗin haɗin haɗin ESP guda biyu. Parator, m hali na ESP aiki sigogi (a halin yanzu tsanani da kuma vibration) aka lura.Disassembly bincike na ja ESP naúrar ya nuna cewa vortex gas SEPARATOR taro da aka toshe tare da kasashen waje al'amarin, wanda aka ƙaddara ya zama yashi domin shi ne ba Magnetic kuma ba chemically amsa da acid.
A cikin na uku ESP shigarwa, bakin karfe waya raga maye gurbin yashi SEPARATOR a matsayin hanyar ESP yashi control.Bayan shigar da sabon famfo kariya tsarin, da ESP exhibited mafi barga hali, rage kewayon motor halin yanzu hawa da sauka daga ~ 19 A don shigarwa # 2 to ~ 6.3 A don shigarwa # 3.Vibration ne mafi barga da kuma Trend da aka rage ta baya da 75% matsa lamba zuwa ga barga digo 0. si of matsin lamba.ESP obalodi rufewa an rage da 100% da ESP aiki tare da low vibration.
To B. A cikin wata rijiya kusa da Eunice, New Mexico, wani rijiyar da ba ta dace ba ta shigar da ESP amma babu kariyar famfo.Bayan saukarwar farko ta taya, ESP ya fara nuna halayen rashin daidaituwa. Canje-canje a halin yanzu da matsa lamba suna da alaƙa da spikes vibration.Bayan kiyaye waɗannan sharuɗɗan na kwanaki 137, ESP ya kasa kuma an shigar da wani maye gurbin.Sakamakon shigarwa na biyu tare da sabon famfo na ESP. tare da tsayayye amperage da ƙarancin rawar jiki. A lokacin bugawa, gudu na biyu na ESP ya kai sama da kwanaki 300 na aiki, haɓaka mai mahimmanci akan shigarwa na baya.
Da kyau C.The tsarin na uku a kan-site shigarwa ya kasance a Mentone, Texas, da wani man fetur da kuma gas na musamman kamfanin cewa fuskanci outages da ESP kasawa saboda yashi samar da kuma so ya inganta famfo uptime.Mai aiki yawanci gudu downhole yashi separators tare da liner a cikin kowane ESP rijiyar.Duk da haka, da zarar da liner cika da yashi, da SEPARATOR zai ba da damar da yashi, yashi, corporation da gudu a cikin famfo sashe. sabon tsarin tare da kariyar famfo, ESP yana da 22% tsawon rayuwar aiki tare da mafi kwanciyar hankali na matsa lamba da mafi kyawun lokaci mai alaka da ESP.
Adadin rufewar yashi da daskararru yayin aiki ya ragu da kashi 75%, daga abubuwan da suka faru 8 a cikin shigarwa na farko zuwa biyu a cikin shigarwa na biyu, kuma adadin nasarar sake kunnawa bayan rufewa ya karu da 30%, daga 8 a farkon shigarwa.Dukkan abubuwan 12, don jimlar abubuwan 8, an yi su a cikin shigarwa na biyu, rage damuwa na lantarki akan kayan aiki da haɓaka rayuwar aiki na ESP.
Hoto na 5 yana nuna karuwa kwatsam a cikin sa hannu na matsa lamba (blue) lokacin da aka katange ragar bakin karfe kuma an buɗe taro na bawul. Wannan sa hannu na matsa lamba na iya kara inganta ingantaccen samarwa ta hanyar tsinkayar gazawar ESP mai yashi, don haka ana iya tsara ayyukan maye gurbin tare da rigs workover.
1 Martins, JA, ES Rosa, S. Robson, "Bincike na gwaji na swirl tube a matsayin na'urar desander downhole," SPE Paper 94673-MS, wanda aka gabatar a SPE Latin America da Caribbean Petroleum Engineering Conference, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Yuni 20 - Fabrairu 23, 2005.https://doi2673/109.
Wannan labarin ya ƙunshi abubuwa daga takardar SPE 207926-MS, wanda aka gabatar a Baje kolin Man Fetur na Ƙasa da Taro a Abu Dhabi, UAE, 15-18 Nuwamba 2021.
Duk kayan suna ƙarƙashin ƙaƙƙarfan dokokin haƙƙin mallaka, da fatan za a karanta Sharuɗɗanmu da Sharuɗɗanmu, Manufofin Kukis da Manufar Keɓantawa kafin amfani da wannan rukunin yanar gizon.