Arsenal na arsenal na walda da ke akwai don yaƙar aikin gyaran ƙarfe ya ƙaru sosai cikin shekaru da yawa, gami da jerin haruffan walda.
Idan kun haura 50, tabbas kun koyi yadda ake walda da injin walda na SMAW (Garkuwa Metal Arc ko Electrode).
A shekarun 1990s ya kawo mana jin daɗin MIG (ƙarfe inert gas) ko FCAW (flux-coreed arc welding), wanda ya sa yawancin buzzers suka yi ritaya.Kwanan nan, fasahar TIG (tungsten inert gas) ta shiga cikin shagunan noma a matsayin hanya mai kyau don haɗa ƙarfe, aluminum da bakin karfe.
Girman shaharar masu walda masu fa'ida iri-iri yanzu yana nufin cewa ana iya amfani da dukkan matakai guda huɗu a cikin fakiti ɗaya.
A ƙasa akwai gajerun darussan walda waɗanda zasu haɓaka ƙwarewar ku don ingantaccen sakamako, komai tsarin walda da kuke amfani da shi.
Jody Collier ya sadaukar da aikinsa don horar da walda da walda.Gidan yanar gizon sa Weldingtipsandtricks.com da Welding-TV.com suna cike da nasiha da dabaru masu amfani ga kowane nau'in walda.
Gas ɗin da aka fi so don waldawar MIG shine carbon dioxide (CO2).Kodayake CO2 yana da tattalin arziki kuma yana da kyau don ƙirƙirar walda mai zurfi mai zurfi a cikin karafa masu kauri, wannan gas ɗin kariya na iya yin zafi sosai lokacin walda ƙananan ƙarfe.Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa Jody Collier ya ba da shawarar canzawa zuwa cakuda 75% argon da 25% carbon dioxide.
"Oh, za ku iya amfani da argon mai tsafta zuwa MIG weld aluminum ko karfe, amma kawai kayan bakin ciki sosai," in ji shi."Kowane abu yana da muni sosai tare da tsantsar argon."
Collier ya lura cewa akwai gaurayawan gas da yawa a kasuwa, irin su helium-argon-CO2, amma wani lokacin suna da wuya a samu kuma suna da tsada.
Idan kuna gyaran bakin karfe a gona, kuna buƙatar ƙara cakuda biyu na 100% argon ko argon da helium don walda aluminum da cakuda 90% argon, 7.5% helium da 2.5% carbon dioxide.
Ƙarfin walƙiya na MIG ya dogara da iskar kariya.Carbon dioxide (saman dama) yana ba da waldi mai zurfi idan aka kwatanta da argon-CO2 (hagu na sama).
Kafin yin harba yayin gyaran aluminum, tabbatar da tsaftace weld ɗin sosai don guje wa lalata walda.
Tsaftace walda yana da mahimmanci saboda alumina yana narkewa a 3700F kuma ƙarfe tushe narke a 1200F.Saboda haka, duk wani oxide (oxidation ko farin lalata) ko mai a saman da aka gyara zai hana shigar da karfen filler.
Cire mai ya fara zuwa.Sa'an nan, kuma kawai sai, ya kamata a cire gurɓataccen iska.Kar a canza tsari, in ji Joel Otter na Miller Electric.
Da karuwar shaharar injunan walda wayoyi a shekarun 1990, an tilasta wa masu waldar kudan zuma da aka gwada da gaske su tattara kura a kusurwoyin shaguna.
Ba kamar waɗancan tsofaffin buzzers waɗanda aka yi amfani da su kawai don alternating current (AC) ayyuka, zamani welders aiki a kan duka alternating current da direct current (DC), suna canza walda sau 120 a sakan daya.
Fa'idodin da wannan saurin canjin polarity ke bayarwa suna da girma, gami da sauƙin farawa, ƙasan mannewa, ƙarancin spatter, mafi kyawun walda, da walƙiya mai sauƙi a tsaye da sama.
Haɗe da gaskiyar cewa waldawar sanda tana samar da walƙiya mai zurfi, yana da kyau ga aikin waje (MIG na garkuwa da iskar iska), yana aiki yadda yakamata tare da kayan kauri, yana ƙonewa ta hanyar tsatsa, datti, da fenti.Na'urorin walda suma suna da šaukuwa kuma suna da sauƙin aiki, don haka zaka iya ganin dalilin da yasa sabon na'ura mai sarrafa walda ko na'ura mai sarrafawa da yawa ya cancanci saka hannun jari.
Joel Orth na Miller Electric yana ba da masu nunin lantarki masu zuwa.Don ƙarin bayani ziyarci: millerwelds.com/resources/welding-guides/stick-welding-guide/stick-welding-tips.
Gas na hydrogen yana da mummunar haɗarin walda, yana haifar da jinkirin walda, fashewar HAZ wanda ke faruwa sa'o'i ko kwanaki bayan an gama walda, ko duka biyun.
Koyaya, barazanar hydrogen galibi ana kawar da ita cikin sauƙi ta hanyar tsaftace ƙarfe sosai.Yana kawar da mai, tsatsa, fenti da kowane danshi kamar yadda suke tushen hydrogen.
Duk da haka, hydrogen ya kasance barazana lokacin walda ƙarfe mai ƙarfi (wanda ake ƙara amfani da shi a kayan aikin noma na zamani), bayanan ƙarfe mai kauri, da kuma wuraren waldawan da aka iyakance sosai.Lokacin gyaran waɗannan kayan, tabbatar da yin amfani da ƙananan lantarki na hydrogen kuma a fara zafi yankin walda.
Jody Collier ya nuna cewa ramukan spongy ko ƙananan kumfa na iska da ke bayyana a saman walda alama ce ta tabbata cewa weld ɗin yana da porosity, wanda ya ɗauki matsala ta farko ta walda.
Weld porosity na iya ɗaukar nau'o'i da yawa, ciki har da pores surface, wormholes, craters, da cavities, bayyane (a saman) da kuma ganuwa (zurfin cikin walda).
Collier ya kuma ba da shawara, "Bari kududdufin ya daɗe ya narke, yana barin iskar gas ta tafasa daga cikin walda kafin ya daskare."
Yayin da mafi yawan diamita na waya shine inci 0.035 da 0.045, ƙaramin diamita na waya yana sauƙaƙa samar da walƙiya mai kyau.Carl Huss na Lincoln Electric ya ba da shawarar amfani da waya 0.025 ″, musamman lokacin walda kayan bakin ciki 1/8″ ko ƙasa da haka.
Ya bayyana cewa galibin masu walda suna yin walda mai girma da yawa, wanda hakan kan kai ga konewa.Karamar waya mai diamita tana samar da ingantaccen walda a ƙananan halin yanzu yana mai da shi ƙasa da saurin ƙonewa.
Yi hankali lokacin amfani da wannan hanyar akan kayan da suka fi kauri (3⁄16 ″ da kauri), saboda waya diamita 0.025 na iya haifar da ƙarancin narkewa.
Da zarar mafarki kawai ya zama gaskiya ga manoma suna neman ingantacciyar hanyar walƙiya siraran ƙarfe, aluminum da bakin karfe, masu walda TIG sun zama ruwan dare a cikin shagunan gona saboda karuwar shaharar masu walda da yawa.
Koyaya, dangane da gogewar mutum, koyan waldar TIG ba shi da sauƙi kamar koyon walda na MIG.
TIG yana buƙatar hannaye biyu (ɗaya don riƙe tushen zafi a cikin hasken rana mai zafi tungsten electrode, ɗayan don ciyar da sandar filler a cikin baka) da ƙafa ɗaya (don sarrafa ƙafar ƙafar ƙafa ko mai kula da halin yanzu wanda aka ɗora akan fitilar) Ana amfani da daidaitawa ta hanyoyi uku don farawa, daidaitawa da dakatar da kwararar yanzu).
Don guje wa sakamako kamar nawa, masu farawa da waɗanda ke neman haɓaka ƙwarewarsu za su iya amfani da waɗannan shawarwarin walda na TIG, a cikin kalmomin Miller Electric mai ba da shawara Ron Covell, Tukwici Welding: Sirrin Nasarar Welding TIG.
Makomar: jinkirta aƙalla mintuna 10.An bayar da bayanin "kamar yadda yake" don dalilai na bayanai kawai ba don dalilai na kasuwanci ko shawarwari ba.Don duba duk jinkirin musanya da sharuɗɗan amfani, duba https://www.barchart.com/solutions/terms.