Yana da ban sha'awa da ban mamaki cewa 'yan wasan kwaikwayo James Payne da Joan Sherwell sun zaɓi wakiltar masu fasaha uku daga New York a cikin Manyan Biranen Art Explained jerin.
Waɗannan mazaje ne zaɓaɓɓu na zahiri, kodayake ɗaya daga cikin ukun, Basquiat, ɗan asalin New York ne.
Masu magana guda uku daga New York - Lee Krasner, Elaine de Kooning da Helen Frankenthaler.
Gudunmawar da waɗannan matan suka bayar ga harkar ta yi yawa, amma Krasner da de Kooning sun yi amfani da mafi yawan ayyukansu a inuwar mashahuran mazajen su, masu fafutuka na zahiri Jackson Pollock da Willem de Kooning.
New York Abstract Expressionism ya kawar da Paris a matsayin cibiyar fasaha ta duniya kuma ya zama mafi yawan motsin maza.Krasner, Frankenthaler da Elaine de Kooning sukan ji aikinsu ana kiransu da "mata", "lyrical" ko "masu hankali", wanda ke nufin suna da ɗan ƙasa kaɗan.
Hans Hofmann ƙwararriyar magana ce wacce ke gudanar da ɗakin studio na Krasner akan titin 8th, inda ta yi karatu bayan ta yi karatu a ƙungiyar Cooper, Ƙungiyar Dalibai ta Art da Cibiyar Nazarin Zane ta Ƙasa kuma ta yi aiki ga WPA Federal Art Project.Da zarar ya yaba wa ɗaya daga cikin zane-zane nata, yana cewa, "Yana da kyau ba za ku yarda cewa mace ce ta yi ba."
Penn da Showell dalla-dalla yadda Krasner mai fita, wanda aka riga aka kafa a cikin duniyar fasaha ta New York, yana raba mahimman alaƙa tare da Pollock a cikin aikinsu, wanda aka nuna tare da na Picasso, Matisse da Georges Braque.Ba da da ewa bayan, ta zama romantically shiga tare da Pollock.A wani mahimmin nunin 1942 na zane-zanen Faransanci da na Amurka a gidan hoton Macmillan.
Sun yi aure kuma suka ƙaura zuwa Long Island, amma ba su yi nasara ba sun mai da hankali Kibosh kan shaye-shaye da ayyukansu na ƙaura.Ya bukaci wani sito a kasa don aikin bitarsa, ita kuma ta yi da dakin kwana.
Yayin da Pollock ya shahara ya fesa manyan kwanukan da ke kwance a kasan sito, Krasner ya ƙirƙiri jerin ƙananan hotuna akan tebur, wani lokacin yana shafa fenti kai tsaye daga bututu.
Krasner ta kwatanta haruffan da haruffan Ibrananci, waɗanda ta koya tun tana yarinya amma yanzu ba ta iya karatu ko rubutu ba.A kowane hali, a cewarta, tana sha'awar ƙirƙirar harshe na alama na sirri wanda ba ya ba da wata takamaiman ma'ana.
Bayan Pollock ya mutu a cikin wani hatsarin tuki da buguwa - farkarsa ta tsira - Krasner ta ce ɗakin sito na aikinta ne.
Wannan mataki ne mai kawo sauyi.Ba wai kawai aikinta ya yi girma ba, amma kuma ya rinjayi cikakken motsin jiki a cikin tsarin ƙirƙira.
Shekaru goma bayan haka, ta yi baje kolin solo na farko a New York, kuma a cikin 1984, watanni shida kafin mutuwarta, MoMA ta yi mata kallon baya.
A cikin wata hira mai ban sha'awa mai ban sha'awa tare da Inside New York's Art World a cikin 1978, Krasner ya tuna cewa a farkon kwanakin jinsinta bai shafi yadda ake tunanin aikinta ba.
Na yi makarantar sakandare tare da mata masu fasaha kawai, duk mata.Sannan na kasance a Cooper Union, makarantar fasaha ta ’yan mata, duk masu fasaha mata, kuma ko da na kasance daga baya a WPA, kun sani, ba sabon abu ba ne in zama mace kuma in zama mai fasaha.Duk wannan ya fara faruwa quite marigayi, musamman a lokacin da wuraren koma daga tsakiyar Paris zuwa New York, ina ganin wannan lokaci ake kira m expressionism, kuma muna da yanzu galleries, farashin, kudi, da hankali.Har zuwa lokacin, ya kasance wurin da ba a yi shiru ba.A lokacin ne na fara gane cewa ni mace ce, kuma ina da "yanayin".
Elaine de Kooning ta kasance mai zanen hoto, mai sukar fasaha, mai fafutukar siyasa, malami, kuma “mafi saurin zane a gari”, amma wadannan nasarorin galibi suna kasa da na Mrs. Willem de Kooning, wanda biyun su ne “Abstract Expressionism”.rabin ma'aurata.
Babban bayanin fasaha na birnin ya nuna cewa shekarunta ashirin da suka yi na rabuwa da William - sun yi sulhu lokacin da take cikin shekaru hamsin - lokaci ne na ci gaban kai da fasaha.Da take zana kwarin gwiwa daga fadace-fadacen da ta gani a lokacin tafiye-tafiyen da take yi, ta mayar da kallonta mai kuzari ga maza kuma aka umurce ta da ta zana hoton Shugaba Kennedy a hukumance:
Duk zane-zanen rayuwarsa dole ne a yi sauri, yana mai da hankali kan siffofi da motsin rai, rabi a matsayin hadda, ko da a ra'ayi na, tun da bai zauna ba.Maimakon ya kalleta, sai ya zauna kamar dan wasa ko dalibin jami'a, yana yawo a kujerarsa.Da farko, wannan ra'ayi na matasa ya shiga tsakani, domin bai taba zama ba.
Kamar Krasner da Elaine de Kooning, Helen Frankenthaler ta kasance wani ɓangare na gwanayen gwanaye na gwanaye, amma ba a kaddara ta yi wasa na biyu mai nisa ga mijinta, Robert Motherwell.
Wannan tabbas ya faru ne saboda haɓakar fasaharta na farko na fasahar “dip-painting”, inda ta zuba fentin mai da aka diluted a cikin turpentine kai tsaye a kan wani zane mara kyau da ke kwance.
Ziyartar ɗakin studio na Frankenthaler, inda suka ga tsaunukanta da tekuna a sama, masu zane-zane Kenneth Nolan da Maurice Lewis suma sun yi amfani da wannan dabarar, tare da hangen nesanta na faffadan, masu launi, daga baya aka fi sani da zanen gamut.
Kamar Pollock, an nuna Frankenthaler a cikin mujallar LIFE, ko da yake kamar yadda Art She Ces ya nuna, ba duk bayanan zane-zane na LIFE iri ɗaya ne ba:
Tattaunawar da ke tsakanin waɗannan watsawa biyu kamar labari ne na ƙayyadaddun kuzarin namiji da kamun kai na mata.Yayin da mahimmin matsayi na Pollock shine muhimmin sashi na aikinsa na fasaha, matsalar ba shine yana tsaye ba, tana zaune.Maimakon haka, ta hanyar Pollock ne za mu iya duba cikin kusancin aikin sa mai raɗaɗi da sabbin abubuwa.Sabanin haka, wuraren shakatawa na Frankenthaler suna ƙarfafa ra'ayinmu na masu fasaha na mata kamar yadda aka ƙera su a hankali, ƙwaƙƙwaran ƙira waɗanda suka dace kamar ƙwararrun ƙwararrun da suka ƙirƙira.Ko da yake ɓangarorin suna da alama sosai kuma ba a gani ba, kowane bugun jini ana ɗauka yana wakiltar ƙididdiga, lokacin wayewar gani mara lahani.
Akwai batutuwa guda uku da ba na son tattauna su: aurena na baya, masu zane-zane da kuma ra'ayina game da mutanen zamani.
Ga waɗanda suke son ƙarin koyo game da waɗannan masu fasaha guda uku, Penn da Schuwell suna ba da shawarwarin littattafai masu zuwa:
Matan Titin Tara: Lee Krasner, Elaine de Kooning, Grace Hartigan, Joan Mitchell, da Helen Frankenthaler: Masu fasaha biyar da Harkar da ta Canza Art na zamani ta Mary Gabriel
Masu fasaha mata uku: Amy von Lintel, Bonnie Roos da sauransu sun faɗaɗa Abstract Expressionism zuwa Yammacin Amurka.
Mata Majagaba na Bauhaus Art Movement: Gano Gertrud Arndt, Marianne Brandt, Anna Albers da sauran Masu Bidi'a da aka manta.
Yawon shakatawa na mintuna shida mai sauri na fasahar zamani: yadda ake tafiya daga Manet's Abincin rana na 1862 akan Grass zuwa zanen drip na Jackson Pollock na 1950s.
Fushin Vulgar Nazi a kan zane-zane na zane-zane da kuma "Babban Nunin Fasaha" na 1937.
- Ayun Holliday shi ne shugaban ilimin farko a mujallar East Village Inky kuma kwanan nan marubucin Ƙirƙirar Ƙirƙirar Amma Ba Shahararren Ba: Ƙarfin Dankali Manifesto.Ku biyo ta @AyunHalliday.
Muna so mu dogara ga masu karatunmu masu aminci, ba talla ba.Don tallafawa manufar ilimi na Buɗe Al'adu, la'akari da yin gudummawa.Muna karɓar PayPal, Venmo (@openculture), Patreon da Crypto!Nemo duk zaɓuɓɓuka anan.Mun gode muku!
Haɗin da aka ɓace Alma W. Thomas wata baƙar fata ce Mace Bakar fata wacce ita ce bakar fata ta farko da ta shiga “makarantar” ra'ayoyi (Makarantar Launi ta Washington) kuma ta farko a Whitby.Mace baƙar fata tare da wasan kwaikwayo na solo a Ni, mace ta farko mai zane wanda fadar White House ta saya baƙar fata - mai ban dariya da bakin ciki, mai kama da sau da yawa ana manta da masu fasaha baƙar fata.Aikinta yanzu yana kammala aikin baya a gidajen tarihi na birni 4, kuma an nuna ɗan gajeren fim game da rayuwarta da aikinta a fiye da 38 bukukuwa a cikin shekarar da ta gabata.https://missalmathomas.com https://columbusmuseum.com/alma-w-thomas/about-alma-w-thomas.html
Samo mafi kyawun albarkatun al'adu da ilimi akan yanar gizo, ana aiko muku da imel kullum.Ba mu taɓa aika spam ba.Cire rajista a kowane lokaci.
Bude Al'adu yana bincika yanar gizo don mafi kyawun kafofin watsa labarai na ilimi. Muna samun darussan kyauta da littattafan sauti da kuke buƙata, darussan harshe & bidiyoyin ilimantarwa da kuke so, da yalwar fa'ida tsakanin. Muna samun darussan kyauta da littattafan sauti da kuke buƙata, darussan harshe & bidiyoyin ilimantarwa da kuke so, da yalwar fa'ida tsakanin.Muna samun kwasa-kwasan kyauta da littattafan sauti da kuke buƙata, darussan harshe da bidiyoyin ilimantarwa da kuke so, da kuma abubuwan ilimantarwa da yawa.Muna samun darussan kyauta da littattafan sauti da kuke buƙata, darussan harshe da bidiyoyin ilimantarwa da kuke so, da tarin zurfafawa tsakanin.