ʻO AISI 410 ka hale kūʻai pahu capillary a me nā mea hana |Sihe

ʻO AISI 410 mau paipu capillary kila

AISI 410 kila kuhiliʻole capillary paipu kiʻi hiʻona

ʻO ka wehewehe pōkole:

1. Nā kūlana hana: ASTM A269 / A249

2.Stainless steel material :304 304L 316L(UNS S31603) Duplex 2205 (UNS S32205 & S31803) Super Duplex 2507 (UNS S32750) Incoloy 825 (UNS N08825) Inconel 625 (UNS N08825) 1

3. Nui ka nui: anawaena 3MM (0.118 "-25.4 (1.0") MM

4. Nā mānoanoa o ka pā: 0.5mm (0.020'') a i 3mm (0.118'')

5.General lawe paipu kūlana: hapalua paakiki / palupalu malamalama annealing

6.The tolerance range: anawaena: + 0.1mm, pā mānoanoa: + 10%, lōʻihi: -0/+6mm

7.Coil lengthsup i: 500MM-13500MM (45000feet) (hiki ke hoʻololi e like me nā koi o ka mea kūʻai aku)

E hoʻouna i ka leka uila iā mākou Hoʻoiho ma ke ʻano he PDF

Huahana Huahana

Laulā hana:

paipu wili kila kuhiliʻole
wili paipu kila kila
paipu wiliwili kila kila
paipu wili kila kila
nā mea kūʻai aku i nā mea kūʻai aku
nā mea hana paipu wili kila kuhiliʻole
wili paipu kila kila

Kāpena kila kila, Hoʻohana nui ʻia ke kila kila i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, fiber-optic, peni hana, uila uila huahana, kukui uila hui, meaʻai, waina, dairy, inu, lāʻau lapaʻau a me biochemistry, hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia ka lōʻihi like ʻole e like me nā noi.

ʻO nā paipu Capillary me ka nui loa o ka 0.0158 in., i loaʻa i kahi ākea o nā kila kila.Hōʻike ʻia nā paipu capillary Sandvik e nā ʻae paʻa, a ʻo ka ʻili o loko o nā paipu me ka ʻole o ka aila, ka momona a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.ʻO kēia ka mea e hōʻoia ai, no ka laʻana, i ka holo ʻana o nā wai a me nā kinoea mai ka mea ʻike i ka mea ana.

Loaʻa i nā ʻano huahana like ʻole ke kila kila Coiled tubing ma muli o nā koi o ka mea kūʻai aku.Hana ʻo Licancheng sihe i nā mea kila kuhili ʻole i hoʻopaʻa ʻia a hoʻopaʻa ʻia.ʻO nā māka maʻamau ʻo 304 304L 316L(UNS S31603) Duplex 2205 (UNS S32205 & S31803) Super Duplex 2507 (UNS S32750) Incoloy 825 (UNS N08825) Inconel 625 (UNS N08825). a loaʻa ka nickel alloy ma ke noi.

Anawaena mai 3mm (0.118'') a i 25.4mm (1.00'') OD.Wall mānoanoa mai 0.5mm (0.020 '') i 3mm (0.118'') .Tubing hiki ke hoʻolako 'ia i loko o ka annealed a anu i hana kuhiliʻole mana laina paipu kūlana.

Hōʻike

Brand	Liaocheng Sihe SILI ʻAʻole
mānoanoa	0.1-2.0mm
Anawaena	0.3-20mm (hoʻomanawanui: ±0.01mm)
Papa Kūleʻa	201,202,304,304L,316L,317L,321,310s,254mso,904L,2205,625 etc.
Hoʻopau ʻili	ʻO loko a me waho he mea hoʻoheheʻe maikaʻi, hoʻomaʻemaʻe, a maʻemaʻe, ʻaʻohe leak.
Kūlana	ASTM A269-2002.JIS G4305/ GB/T 12770-2002GB/T12771-2002
Ka lōʻihi	200-1500m no ka coil, a i ʻole e like me ka mea kūʻai aku
Nui waiwai	61mm,80.5mm,80.6mm,80.8mm, 80.9mm,81mm, 9.51mm,101mm, ect..
Palapala	ISO&BV
Ala hoʻopili	Nā ʻeke ulana, ʻeke ʻeke etc.
Laulā noi	hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka ʻoihana meaʻai, nā mea inu, ka mīkini pia, ka mea hoʻololi wela, ka waiu / ʻōnaehana lako wai, nā mea lapaʻau lāʻau ikaika, nā mea lapaʻau, ka mokulele, aerospace, kamaʻilio, ʻaila a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe.
Nānā	ʻAe ʻia ʻo OEM / ODM / Lepa Kūʻai.

	Ka nui o ke kila kuhiliʻole Coil Tube
	MEA	Papa					Nui (MM)					Paʻi (Mpa)			Ka lōʻihi (M)
	1	316L, 304L, 304 huila 625 825 2205 2507					1/8″×0.025″					3200			500-35000
	2	316L, 304L, 304 huila 625 825 2205 2507					1/8″×0.035″					3200			500-35000
	3	316L, 304L, 304 huila 625 825 2205 2507					1/4″×0.035″					2000			500-35000
	4	316L, 304L, 304 huila 625 825 2205 2507					1/4″×0.049″					2000			500-35000
	5	316L, 304L, 304 huila 625 825 2205 2507					3/8″×0.035″					1500			500-35000
	6	316L, 304L, 304 huila 625 825 2205 2507					3/8″×0.049″					1500			500-35000
	7	316L, 304L, 304 huila 625 825 2205 2507					1/2″×0.049″					1000			500-35000
	8	316L, 304L, 304 huila 625 825 2205 2507					1/2″×0.065″					1000			500-35000
	9	316L, 304L, 304 huila 625 825 2205 2507					φ3mm×0.7mm					3200			500-35000
	10	316L, 304L, 304 huila 625 825 2205 2507					φ3mm×0.9mm					3200			500-35000
	11	316L, 304L, 304 huila 625 825 2205 2507					φ4mm×0.9mm					3000			500-35000
	12	316L, 304L, 304 huila 625 825 2205 2507					φ4mm×1.1mm					3000			500-35000
	13	316L, 304L, 304 huila 625 825 2205 2507					φ6mm×0.9mm					2000			500-35000
	14	316L, 304L, 304 huila 625 825 2205 2507					φ6mm×1.1mm					2000			500-35000
	15	316L, 304L, 304 huila 625 825 2205 2507					φ8mm×1mm					1800			500-35000
	16	316L, 304L, 304 huila 625 825 2205 2507					φ8mm×1.2mm					1800			500-35000
	17	316L, 304L, 304 huila 625 825 2205 2507					φ10mm×1mm					1500			500-35000
	18	316L, 304L, 304 huila 625 825 2205 2507					φ10mm×1.2mm					1500			500-35000
	19	316L, 304L, 304 huila 625 825 2205 2507					φ10mm×2mm					500			500-35000
	20	316L, 304L, 304 huila 625 825 2205 2507					φ12mm×1.5mm					500			500-35000
Nā papa kaomi
ʻO ke koho ʻana i nā mea kūpono no kēlā me kēia mana i hāʻawi ʻia a i ʻole ka laina injection kemika e pili ana i nā kūlana hana a me ka pae.I mea e kōkua ai i ke koho ʻana, hāʻawi nā papa ma lalo nei i nā helu kaomi kūloko a me nā kumu hoʻoponopono no ka laulā o nā māka maʻamau a me nā nui o ka seamless a me ka laser welded stainless tubing.
Pumi kiʻekiʻe (P) no TP 316L ma 100°F (38°C)1)
E ʻoluʻolu e nānā i nā kumu hoʻoponopono papa a me ka huahana ma lalo nei.
anawaena waho, i loko.			Pā mānoanoa, in.	Ke kaomi hana2)				Paʻi pahū2)						Paʻi hāʻule4)
				psi (MPa)				psi (MPa)						psi (MPa)
1/4			0.035	6,600 (46)				22,470 (155)						6,600 (46)
1/4			0.049	9,260 (64)				27,400 (189)						8,710 (60)
1/4			0.065	12,280 (85)				34,640 (239)						10,750 (74)
3/8			0.035	4,410 (30)				19,160 (132)						4,610 (32)
3/8			0.049	6,170 (43)				21,750 (150)						6,220 (43)
3/8			0.065	8,190 (56)				25,260 (174)						7,900 (54)
3/8			0.083	10,450 (72)				30,050 (207)						9,570 (66)
1/2			0.049	4,630 (32)				19,460 (134)						4,820 (33)
1/2			0.065	6,140 (42)				21,700 (150)						6,200 (43)
1/2			0.083	7,840 (54)				24,600 (170)						7,620 (53)
5/8			0.049	3,700 (26)				18,230 (126)						3,930 (27)
5/8			0.065	4,900 (34)				19,860 (137)						5,090 (35)
5/8			0.083	6,270 (43)				26,910 (151)						6,310 (44)
3/4			0.049	3,080 (21)				17,470 (120)						3,320 (23)
3/4			0.065	4,090 (28)				18,740 (129)						4,310 (30)
3/4			0.083	5,220 (36)				20,310 (140)						5,380 (37)
1) Manao wale.Pono e helu ʻia nā kaomi maoli me ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i nā kumu koʻikoʻi āpau o ka ʻōnaehana.
2) Ma muli o ka helu ʻana mai ka API 5C3, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka pale ʻana i ka pā o +/-10%
3) Ma muli o ka helu ʻana i ka ikaika hope loa mai API 5C3
4) Ma muli o ka helu ʻana o ka ikaika hāʻule mai ka API 5C3
Nā kumu hoʻololi no nā palena kaomi hana1)
Pw = helu kaomi hana kuhikuhi no TP 316L ma 100°F (38°C).No ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ke kaomi hana no ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka pae/mahana, e hoʻonui i ka Pw me ka helu hoʻoponopono.
Papa			100°F			200°F				300°F			400°F
			(38°C)			(93°C)				(149°C)			(204°C)
TP 316L, lauwili			1			0.87				0.7			0.63
TP 316L, wiliia			0.85			0.74				0.6			0.54
Alloy 825, lauwili			1.33			1.17				1.1			1.03
Alloy 825, wiliia			1.13			1.99				1.94			0.88
1) Nā kumu hoʻoponopono e pili ana i ke koʻikoʻi i ʻae ʻia ma ASME.
Nā kumu hoʻoponopono no nā palena o ke kaomi ʻana1)
Pb = ka pahu kuhikuhi no TP 316L ma 100°F.No ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ke kaomi pahū no ka hui ʻana o ka pae/mahana, hoʻonui i ka Pb me ka helu hoʻoponopono.
Papa			100°F		200°F				300°F		400°F
			(38°C)		(93°C)				(149°C)		(204°C)
TP 316L, lauwili			1		0.93				0.87		0.8
TP 316L, wiliia			0.85		0.79				0.74		0.68
Alloy 825, lauwili			1.13		1.07				1		0.87
Alloy 825, wiliia			0.96		0.91				0.85		0.74
1) Nā mea hoʻoponopono e pili ana i ka ikaika loa ma ASME.

▼ʻO nā paipu wili wiliwili ʻia / nā paipu wili ʻia mea waiwai:

USA	KELEMĀNIA	KELEMĀNIA	PALANI	IAPANA	IKALIA	KUEKENE	UK	EU	KEPANIA	LUKIA
AISI	DIN 17006	WN 17007	AFNOR	JIS	UNI	SIS	BSI	EURONORM
201				SUS 201
301	X 12 CrNi 17 7	1.4310	Z 12 CN 17-07	SUS 301	X 12 CrNi 1707	23 31	301S21	X 12 CrNi 17 7	X 12 CrNi 17-07
302	X 5 CrNi 18 7	1.4319	Z 10 CN 18-09	SUS 302	X 10 CrNi 1809	23 31	302S25	X 10 CrNi 18 9	X 10 CrNi 18-09	12KH18N9
303	X 10 CrNiS 18 9	1.4305	Z 10 CNF 18-09	SUS 303	X 10 CrNiS 1809	23 46	303S21	X 10 CrNiS 18 9	X 10 CrNiS 18-09
303 Se			Z 10 CNF 18-09	SUS 303 Se	X 10 CrNiS 1809		303S41		X 10 CrNiS 18-09	12KH18N10E
304	X 5 CrNi 18 10 X 5 CrNi 18 12	1.4301 1.4303	Z 6 CN 18-09	SUS 304	X 5 CrNi 1810	23 32	304S15 304S16	X 6 CrNi 18 10	X 6 CrNi 19-10	08KH18N10 06KH18N11
304 N				SUS 304N1	X 5 CrNiN 1810
304 H				SUS F 304H	X 8 CrNi 1910				X 6 CrNi 19-10
304 L	X 2 CrNi 18 11	1.4306	Z 2 CN 18-10	SUS 304L	X 2 CrNi 1911	23 52	304S11	X 3 CrNi 18 10	X 2 CrNi 19-10	03KH18N11
	X 2 CrNiN 18 10	1.4311	Z 2 CN 18-10-Az	SUS 304LN	X 2 CrNiN 1811	23 71
305			Z 8 CN 18-12	SUS 305	X 8 CrNi 1812	23 33	305S19	X 8 CrNi 18 12	X 8 CrNi 18-12
			Z 6 CNU 18-10	SUS XM7				X 6 CrNiCu 18 10 4 Kd
309	X 15 CrNiS 20 12	1.4828	Z 15 CN 24-13	SUH 309	X 16 CrNi 2314		309S24	X 15 CrNi 23 13
309 S				SUS 309S	X 6 CrNi 2314			X 6 CrNi 22 13
310	X 12 CrNi 25 21	1.4845		SUH 310	X 22 CrNi 2520		310S24			20KH23N18
310 S	X 12 CrNi 25 20	1.4842	Z 12 CN 25-20	SUS 310S	X 5 CrNi 2520	23 61		X 6 CrNi 25 20		10KH23N18
314	X 15 CrNiSi 25 20	1.4841	Z 12 CNS 25-20		X 16 CrNiSi 2520			X 15 CrNiSi 25 20		20KH25N20S2
316	X 5 CrNiMo 17 12 2	1.4401	Z 6 CND 17-11	SUS 316	X 5 CrNiMo 1712	23 47	316S31	X 6 CrNiMo 17 12 2	X 6 CrNiMo 17-12-03
316	X 5 CrNiMo 17 13 3	1.4436	Z 6 CND 17-12	SUS 316	X 5 CrNiMo 1713	23 43	316S33	X 6 CrNiMo 17 13 3	X 6 CrNiMo 17-12-03
316 F	X 12 CrNiMoS 18 11	1.4427
316 N				SUS 316N
316 H				SUS F 316H	X 8 CrNiMo 1712				X 5 CrNiMo 17-12
316 H					X 8 CrNiMo 1713				X 6 CrNiMo 17-12-03
316 L	X 2 CrNiMo 17 13 2	1.4404	Z 2 CND 17-12	SUS 316L	X 2 CrNiMo 1712	23 48	316S11	X 3 CrNiMo 17 12 2	X 2 CrNiMo 17-12-03	03KH17N14M2

	X 2 CrNiMoN 17 12 2	1.4406	Z 2 CND 17-12-Az	SUS 316LN	X 2 CrNiMoN 1712
316 L	X 2 CrNiMo 18 14 3	1.4435	Z 2 CND 17-13		X 2 CrNiMo 1713	23 53	316S13	X 3 CrNiMo 17 13 3	X 2 CrNiMo 17-12-03	03KH16N15M3
	X 2 CrNiMoN 17 13 3	1.4429	Z 2 CND 17-13-Az		X 2 CrNiMoN 1713	23 75
	X 6 CrNiMoTi 17 12 2	1.4571	Z6 CNDT 17-12		X 6 CrNiMoTi 1712	23 50	320S31	X 6 CrNiMoTi 17 12 2	X 6 CrNiMoTi 17-12-03	08KH17N13M2T 10KH17N13M2T
	X 10 CrNiMoTi 18 12	1.4573			X 6 CrNiMoTi 1713		320S33	X 6 CrNiMoTI 17 13 3	X 6 CrNiMoTi 17-12-03	08KH17N13M2T 10KH17N13M2T
	X 6 CrNiMoNb 17 12 2	1.4580	Z 6 CNDNb 17-12		X 6 CrNiMoNb 1712			X 6 CrNiMoNb 17 12 2		08KH16N13M2B
	X 10 CrNiMoNb 18 12	1.4583			X 6 CrNiMoNb 1713			X 6 CrNiMoNb 17 13 3		09KH16N15M3B
317				SUS 317	X 5 CrNiMo 1815	23 66	317S16
317 L	X 2 CrNiMo 18 16 4	1.4438	Z 2 CND 19-15	SUS 317L	X 2 CrNiMo 1815	23 67	317S12	X 3 CrNiMo 18 16 4
317 L	X 2 CrNiMo 18 16 4	1.4438	Z 2 CND 19-15	SUS 317L	X 2 CrNiMo 1816	23 67	317S12	X 3 CrNiMo 18 16 4
330	X 12 NiCrSi 36 16	1.4864	Z 12NCS 35-16	SUH 330
321	X 6 CrNiTi 18 10 X 12 CrNiTi 18 9	1.4541 1.4878	Z 6 CNT 18-10	SUS 321	X 6 CrNiTi 1811	23 37	321S31	X 6 CrNiTi 18 10	X 6 CrNiTi 18-11	08KH18N10T
321 H				SUS 321H	X 8 CrNiTi 1811		321S20		X 7 CrNiTi 18-11	12KH18N10T
329	X 8 CrNiMo 27 5	1.4460		SUS 329J1		23 24
347	X 6 CrNiNb 18 10	1.4550	Z 6 CNNb 18-10	SUS 347	X 6 CrNiNb 1811	23 38	347S31	X 6 CrNiNb 18 10	X 6 CrNiNb 18-11	08KH18N12B
347 H				SUS F 347H	X 8 CrNiNb 1811				X 7 CrNiNb 18-11
904L		1.4939	Z 12 CNCV 12-02

	X 20 CrNiSi 25 4	1.4821
UNS31803	X 2 CrNiMoN 22 5	1.4462
UNS32760	X 3 CrNiMoN 25 7	1.4501	Z 3 CND 25-06Az
403	X 6 Kr 13 X 10 Kr 13 X 15 Kr 13	1.4000 1.4006 1.4024	Z 12 C 13	SUS 403	X 12 Kr 13	23 02	403S17	X 10 Kr 13 X 12 Kr 13	X 6 Kr 13	12Kh13
405	X 6 CrAl 13	1.4002	Z 6 CA 13	SUS 405	X 6 CrAl 13		405S17	X 6 CrAl 13	X 6 CrAl 13
	X 10 CrAl 7	1.4713	Z 8 CA 7					X 10 CrAl 7
	X 10 CrAl 13	1.4724			X 10 CrAl 12					10Kh13SYu
	X 10 CrAl 18	1.4742						X 10 CrSiAl 18		15Kh18SYu

409	X 6 KrTi 12	1.4512	Z 6 CT 12	SUH 409	X 6 KrTi 12		409S19	X 5 KrTi 12
					X 2 KrTi 12
410	X 6 Kr 13 X 10 Kr 13 X 15 Kr 13	1.4000 1.4006 1.4024	Z 10 C 13 Z 12 C 13	SUS 410	X 12 Kr 13	23 02	410S21	X 12 Kr 13	X 12 Kr 13	12Kh13
410 S	X 6 Kr 13	1.4000	Z 6 C 13	SUS 410S	X 6 Kr 13	23 01	403S17	X 6 Kr 13		08Kh13
414

hale hana

Pono maikaʻi:

ʻO ka maikaʻi o kā mākou huahana no ka laina hoʻomalu i ka ʻaila a me ka ʻāpana kinoea e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ʻia ʻaʻole wale i ka wā o ke kaʻina hana i hoʻomalu ʻia akā ma ke ʻano o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o ka huahana.Aia nā hoʻokolohua maʻamau:

1.Non-destructive ho'āʻo

2. Nā ho'āʻo hydrostatic

3. Surface hoʻopau mana

4. Ana pololei ana

5.Flare a me nā ho'āʻo coning

6. ʻO ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka waiwai mechanical a me kemika

Noi ka paipu wai

1) ʻoihana lāʻau lapaʻau

2) ka hoʻomalu wela o ka ʻoihana i alakaʻi ʻia i ka mahana, nā mea ʻike i hoʻohana ʻia i ka paipu, ka wela wela

3) Pens mālama 'oihana kumu paipu

4) micro-tube antenna, nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole o ka antenna kila kila liʻiliʻi

5) Me nā ʻano o ka uila liʻiliʻi-diameter Stainless steel capillary

6) Kuʻi kui kui

7) Nā wati, kiʻi

8) Paipu antenna kaʻa, nā antenna bar e hoʻohana ana i nā paipu, paipu antenna

9) ʻO nā lako kalai laser e hoʻohana i ka paipu kila kuhiliʻole

10) ʻO nā mea lawaiʻa, nā lako, Yugan i waho me ka loaʻa ʻana o

11) ʻAi ʻai me ka capillary kila kila

12) nā ʻano stylus kelepona paʻalima a me ka penikala kamepiula

13) ʻOihana paipu hoʻomehana, ʻoihana ʻaila

14) ʻO nā mea paʻi, ka nila pahu hāmau

15) Huki i ka paipu kila kuhili ʻole lua-hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i hoʻohana ʻia i ka puka aniani

16) ʻO nā ʻano ʻano ʻoihana liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ʻo Precision stainless steel tubes

17) Ka hāʻawi pololei ʻana me nā nila kila kila

18) Microphone, headphones and microphone to use stainless steel tube, a pela aku

Mua: 316L mau paipu puʻupuʻu capillary kila

Aʻe: ʻO ASTM A269 304 mau paipu capillary stainless steel

E kākau i kāu leka ma aneʻi a hoʻouna mai iā mākou

Nā huahana pili

304 Paipu wili ʻia

Hiki iā mākou ke hāʻawi aku i nā mea hoʻoheheʻe i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, ʻo mākou nā mea kūʻai aku i nā mea kūʻai aku, ʻo 304 Coiled Tubing i nā liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi a loaʻa ka mānoanoa kūpono e like me nā koi o nā mea kūʻai aku.ʻO SS 304 Capillary Tubes ka nui mai 0.25mm a 6.00 mm.Hiki ke loaʻa iā lākou ma ka lahilahi, maʻamau a kaumaha paha.

E ʻike i nā huahana hou aku>
304 Hale Hana Paipu Capillary mai Kina

Hoʻopau ʻia ʻo Sihe Stainless steel Capillary Tubes e like me nā pono o ka mea kūʻai aku e pili ana i ka nui a me ka mānoanoa o ka paia a me ka mālama wela no nā noi koi ʻoi aku.Ma keʻano laulā, ua hana ʻia ke kila kila kila e like me nā kūlana API, ASTM, a me ASME.Inā makemakeʻia no nā papahana kūikawā hiki iā mākou ke hāʻawi aku i ka nui o nā pahu Capillary.

E ʻike i nā huahana hou aku>
304 Paipu kaulahao hao hao

Products inoa:Stainless steel capillary paipu Papa:201 304 304L 316 316L 904L 310s 2205 2507 625 825 Hoʻohana:Dynamic mea hoailona paipu, 304 Kuhiliʻole kila capillary paipu hiki ke hoʻohana 'akomi mea uea pale paipu;ʻO ka laina hoʻomalu opitika pololei, nā ʻenehana ʻenehana, ka paipu pale laina lako uila;ʻO ka palekana palekana o ke kaapuni uila, ka pale ʻana i nā capillaries mea kani wela a me ke kākoʻo o loko o ka hollow core high voltage cable Size:OD:0.25-...

E ʻike i nā huahana hou aku>
304 mau paipu kaula hao kuhiliʻole

Manufacturing range: kuhiliʻole kila coil paipu kuhiliʻole pahu coil kuhiliʻole kila coil tubing kuhiliʻole kila coil paipu kuhiliʻole kila coil paipu mea kūʻai mai kuhiliʻole kila coil tube Manufacturers kuhiliʻole kila paipu coil Nā huahana kiko'ī: Kuhiliʻole kila capillary, kuhiliʻole kila liʻiliʻi paipu ua nui hoʻohana 'ia i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, fiber-optic, peni hana, uila welding huahana, light cable hui, meaʻai, waina, dairy, inu, lāʻau lapaʻau hiki a me ka biochemistry.

E ʻike i nā huahana hou aku>