Mai nā kaulahao hoʻokele robotic a hiki i nā kāʻei conveyor i nā hana kaulahao hoʻolako i ka hoʻoluhi ʻana i nā hale kiaʻi turbine makani, ʻo ka ʻike kūlana he hana koʻikoʻi ia i nā ʻano like ʻole. , capacitive, magnetostrictive, Hall effect, fiber optic, optical and ultrasonic.
Hāʻawi kēia FAQ i kahi hoʻolauna pōkole i nā ʻano like ʻole o ka ʻike kūlana, a laila e nānā i kahi ʻano ʻenehana i hiki i nā mea hoʻolālā ke koho mai ka wā e hoʻokō ai i kahi hopena ʻike kūlana.
ʻO nā mea ʻike kūlana potentiometric he mau mea kūʻē kūʻē e hoʻohui i kahi track resistive paʻa me kahi wiper i hoʻopili ʻia i ka mea nona ke kūlana e ʻike ʻia. ʻO ka neʻe ʻana o ka mea e neʻe i ka wiper ma ke ala.
Hoʻohana nā mea ʻike kūlana inductive i nā hoʻololi i nā waiwai o ke kahua magnetic i hoʻokomo ʻia i ka coil sensor. Ma muli o kā lākou hoʻolālā ʻana, hiki iā lākou ke ana i nā kūlana linear a i ʻole rotational.he wili kumu mua a me elua owili lua. Ua hoopili ia na wili i ka moo, a o ka pilina o ka wili lua he 180° mawaho o ka mahele e pili ana i ka wili kumu. o ka armature a me ka mea e pili ana i hiki ke hooholo.A rotating voltage differential transformer (RVDT) hoʻohana i ka ia ano hana no ka huli ana rotating position.LVDT a me RVDT sensors kaumaha maikai pololei, linearity, hoʻonā a me ka kiʻekiʻe sensitivity.
Hana ʻia nā ʻike kūlana o Eddy i kēia manawa me nā mea conductive. ʻO nā au eddy i hoʻokomo ʻia i nā au i hana ʻia i loko o nā mea conductive i mua o ke ʻano o ke kahua hoʻololi. , e pili ana i ka impedance o ka coil. I ka hoʻokokoke ʻana o ka mea i ka coil, e piʻi aʻe nā poho o ka eddy a me ka liʻiliʻi o ka oscillating voltage (Figure 2).
ʻO nā hāmeʻa Eddy o kēia manawa he ʻeleʻele, nā mea pili ʻole i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia e like me nā mea ʻike pili.
E like me ka inoa i hōʻike ʻia, capacitive position sensors e ana i nā loli i ka capacitance no ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ke kūlana o ka mea i ʻike ʻia. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kēia mau ʻike pili ʻole no ke ana ʻana i ke kūlana linear a i ʻole rotational. Aia nā papa ʻelua i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e kahi mea dielectric a hoʻohana i kekahi o nā ʻano ʻelua e ʻike i ke kūlana o kahi mea:
I mea e hoʻololi ai i ka dielectric mau, pili ka mea nona ke kūlana e ʻike ʻia i ka mea dielectric. I ka neʻe ʻana o ka mea dielectric, hoʻololi ka dielectric mau o ka capacitor ma muli o ka hui ʻana o ka wahi o ka mea dielectric a me ka dielectric mau o ka ea. hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻoholo i ke kūlana pili.
Hiki i nā mea ʻike capacitive ke ana i ka neʻe ʻana, ka mamao, ke kūlana a me ka mānoanoa o nā mea.
ʻO ka Magnetostriction kahi waiwai o nā mea ferromagnetic e hoʻololi ai ka mea i kona nui a i ʻole ke ʻano i ka wā e hoʻopili ʻia ai ke kahua magnetostrictive. ka axial magnetic field o ka magnet mau (ka magnet i loko o ka piston cylinder, Kiʻi 3a). ʻO ka pilina o ke kahua ma muli o ka wili ʻana (ka hopena Wiedemann), ka mea e hoʻopaʻa nei i ka uea, e hana ana i kahi pulse acoustic e hoʻolaha ana ma ke alakaʻi hawewe a ʻike ʻia e kahi mea ʻike ma ka hopena o ka nalu (Fig. 3b). o ke kūlana magnet a no laila hiki ke ana ʻia ka mea (Fig.3c).
ʻO nā meaʻike kūlana Magnetostrictive he mau mea hoʻopiliʻole i hoʻohanaʻia no kaʻikeʻana i ke kūlana laina. Hoʻokomo pinepineʻia nā Waveguides i loko o ke kila kila a iʻole nā ​​paipu alumini, e hiki ai ke hoʻohanaʻia kēia mau meaʻike i nā wahi lepo a pulu paha.
Ke hoʻokomo ʻia kahi conductor lahilahi a palahalaha i loko o kahi mākēneki, e kūkulu ʻia nā mea e kahe ana ma kekahi ʻaoʻao o ka conductor, e hana ana i kahi ʻokoʻa i kapa ʻia ʻo ka volta Hall. Suring i ka Hall volta, hiki ke hoʻoholo 'ia ke kūlana o kekahi mea. Aia nā mea hoʻonaʻauao kūlana Hall-hopena kūikawā e hiki ai ke hoʻoholo i ke kūlana ma nāʻanoʻekolu (Figure 4).
ʻElua ʻano maʻamau o ka fiber optic sensors. I intrinsic fiber optic sensors, ua hoʻohana ʻia ka fiber e like me ka mea ʻike. ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia nā mea ʻike fiber optic i ka hoʻopili electromagnetic, hiki ke hoʻolālā ʻia e hana i nā wela kiʻekiʻe, a ʻaʻole hoʻokō, no laila hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma kahi kokoke i ke kaomi kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea hiki ke ahi.
Hiki ke hoʻohana 'ia kekahi 'ike fiber-optic e pili ana i ka fiber Bragg grating (FBG) 'enehana no ke ana kūlana. Ke hana nei ka FBG ma ke 'ano he kānana notch, e hō'ike ana i kahi hapa li'ili'i o ke kukui i kau 'ia ma ka Bragg wavelength (λB) ke ho'omālamalama 'ia e ke kukui ākea. eleration a me ka ukana.
Aia ʻelua ʻano o nā ʻano o nā mea ʻike maka, i ʻike ʻia he optical encoders. I kekahi hihia, hoʻouna ʻia ke kukui i kahi mea hoʻokipa ma kekahi ʻaoʻao o ka ʻike. Hāʻule kēia mau mea ʻike i ʻekolu mau ʻano nui;transmissive optical encoders, reflective optical encoders, a me interferometric optical encoders.
Hoʻohana nā mea kani kani ultrasonic i nā transducers kristal piezoelectric e hoʻokuʻu i nā hawewe kani ultrasonic kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻohana ka mea ʻike i ke kani i ʻike ʻia. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā mea ʻike Ultrasonic e like me nā mea ʻike kokoke maʻalahi, a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea paʻakikī e hiki ke hāʻawi i ka ʻike. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano kani kani ultrasonic ka ʻike ʻana i ka pae wai, ka helu kiʻekiʻe o ka helu o nā mea, nā ʻōnaehana hoʻokele robotic, a me ka ʻike kaʻa.
Hiki i nā mea ʻike kūlana ke ana i ka linear piha a pili paha, rotational a me ka angular motion o nā mea.
3D Magnetic Position Sensors, Allegro MicrosystemsAnalyzing and Enhancing the Security of Ultrasonic Sensors for Autonomous Vehicles, IEEE Internet of Things Journal Pehea e koho ai i kahi ʻike kūlana, Cambridge Integrated CircuitsPosition sensor type, Ixthus InstrumentationHe aha ka mea ʻike kūlana inductive?, Keyence He aha ke ʻano o ka sensor magnet?
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