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Muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab tus yam ntxwv ntawm chlorhexidine hydrochloride nanoemulsion raws li kev cog lus tshuaj tua kab mob hauv paus kwj dej: hauv vitro thiab ex vivo kev tshawb fawb
作者 Abdelmonem R., Younis MK, Hassan DH, El-Sayed Ahmed MAEG, Hassanien E., El-Batuti K., Elfaham A.
Rehab Abdelmonem, 1 Mona K. Younis, 1 Doaa H. Hassan, 1 Mohamed Abd El-Gawad El-Sayed Ahmed, 2 Ehab Hassanein, 3 Kariem El-Batuti, 3 Alaa Elfaham 31 Science thiab Technology, Kws Qhia Ntawv ntawm Pharmacy thiab Industrial Pharmacy, Tim lyiv teb chaws 6 Lub Kaum Hli, Lub Nroog,2 Department of Microbiology thiab Immunology, Kws Qhia Ntawv ntawm Pharmacy, Misr University of Science thiab Technology, Lub Kaum Hli 6, Egypt;3 Lub Tsev Haujlwm ntawm Endodontics, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt Kev Taw Qhia thiab Lub Hom Phiaj: Chlorine hexidine hydrochloride [Chx.HCl] muaj cov kab mob dav dav, kev ua haujlwm ntev thiab tsis muaj tshuaj lom, yog li nws raug pom zoo raws li lub hauv paus kwj dej irrigant.Lub hom phiaj ntawm txoj kev tshawb no yog siv ib tug tshiab muaj pes tsawg leeg Chx.HCl nanoemulsion kom lub zog nkag mus, ntxuav thiab antibacterial kev txiav txim ntawm Chx.HCl thiab siv raws li ib tug kwj dej kwj dej.Txoj kev: Chx.HCl nanoemulsions tau npaj siv ob hom roj sib txawv: oleic acid thiab Labrafil M1944CS, ob lub surfactants, Tween 20 thiab Tween 80, thiab co-surfactant, propylene glycol.Npaj ib daim duab pseudo-ternary theem los qhia qhov kev pom zoo.Cov kev npaj nanoemulsion formulations raug soj ntsuam rau cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov tshuaj, lub sij hawm emulsification, dispersibility, droplet loj, nyob rau hauv vitro tshuaj tso, thermodynamic stability, nyob rau hauv vitro antibacterial kev ua si, thiab nyob rau hauv vitro kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov formulations xaiv.Kev nkag mus, ntxuav thiab tshuaj tua kab mob ntawm Chx.HCl 0.75% thiab 1.6% nanoemulsion tau muab piv nrog cov particle loj li lub hauv paus kwj dej irrigant.Cov txiaj ntsig.Cov txheej txheem xaiv yog F6 nrog 2% Labrafil, 12% Tween 80 thiab 6% propylene glycol.Cov me me me me (12.18 nm), lub sijhawm emulsification luv (1.67 vib nas this) thiab sai sai tom qab 2 feeb.Nws tau raug pom tias yog ib qho thermodynamically / lub cev ruaj khov.Piv rau cov pa Chx.HCl particle loj, qhov siab dua ntawm Chx.HCl 1.6% nanoemulsion pom kev nkag tau zoo dua vim qhov me me particle loj.Muab piv rau cov khoom me me ib txwm muaj (2609.56 µm2), 1.6% Chx.HCl nanoemulsion muaj qhov tsawg tshaj plaws ntawm qhov nruab nrab ntawm cov khib nyiab seem (2001.47 µm2).Xaus: Nanoemulsion muaj pes tsawg leeg Chx.HCl muaj peev xwm ntxuav tau zoo dua thiab ua kom cov kab mob tua kab mob.Nws muaj cov kab mob bactericidal zoo heev tiv thaiv Enterococcus faecalis, thiab cov kab mob cell contraction yog siab lossis puas tag.Cov lus tseem ceeb: chlorhexidine hydrochloride, nanoemulsion, hauv paus kwj dej irrigant, nkag mus, cleansing nyhuv, antibacterial irrigant.
Nanoemulsions, chav kawm ntawm emulsions nrog qhov loj me me hauv thaj tsam ntawm 50-500 nm, tau txais kev saib xyuas ntau hauv xyoo tas los no vim lawv cov khoom tshwj xeeb.Cov khoom tu zoo, lawv tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm dej hardness, feem ntau lawv muaj toxicity tsawg thiab tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam electrostatic.2 Nanotechnology muaj qhov me me me me, thaj tsam loj rau qhov loj ntawm qhov sib piv thiab qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg piv rau cov khoom lag luam zoo sib xws, thiab tseem qhib qhov kev xav tshiab hauv kev kho thiab tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm cov hniav.3 Chlorhexidine hydrochloride (Chx.HCl) yog me ntsis soluble hauv dej, me ntsis soluble hauv cawv thiab maj mam stains hauv lub teeb.4.5 TSI.HCl muaj broad spectrum antibacterial kev txiav txim, kev ua haujlwm ntev thiab tsis muaj tshuaj lom.Vim hais tias ntawm cov khoom no, nws kuj pom zoo raws li lub peev xwm hauv paus kwj dej irrigant.Cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm Chx.HCl yog cov cytotoxicity tsawg, tsis muaj ntxhiab tsw thiab tsis hnov ​​tsw tsw.6-9 Ntau hom lasers tau siv los txhim kho cov kab mob hauv paus hniav.Cov kab mob bactericidal ntawm lasers nyob ntawm lub wavelength thiab lub zog, nrog rau cov thermal raug, uas ua rau muaj kev hloov hauv cov kab mob ntawm cov phab ntsa ntawm tes, uas ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv hauv osmotic gradient mus txog rau lub cell tuag.Kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm lasers thiab hauv paus kwj dej irrigators opens li tshiab horizons nyob rau hauv pulp disinfection.10 Ultrasonic lub zog ua rau muaj ntau zaus tab sis tsawg amplitudes. Cov ntaub ntawv yog tsim los rau oscillate ntawm ultrasonic zaus ntawm 25-30 kHz, uas yog tshaj qhov txwv ntawm tib neeg auditory xaav (> 20 kHz). Cov ntaub ntawv yog tsim los rau oscillate ntawm ultrasonic zaus ntawm 25-30 kHz, uas yog tshaj qhov txwv ntawm tib neeg auditory xaav (> 20 kHz). Файлы предназначены для колебаний на ультразвуковых частотах 25–30 кГц, которые находятся зо ховедлеляим ка (> 20 кГц). Cov ntaub ntawv yog tsim los rau vibrate ntawm ultrasonic zaus ntawm 25-30 kHz, uas yog tshaj qhov ntau ntawm tib neeg hnov ​​(> 20 kHz).这些文件被设计成在25–30 kHz 的超声波频率下振荡，这超出了人类听觉感知的极限(> 2.25-30 kHz American расс Appаны На На На На На На На На На На На увукотахареліелод зеловека (> 20 к . Cov ntaub ntawv yog tsim los rau kev vibrations ntawm ultrasonic zaus ntawm 25-30 kHz, uas yog tshaj qhov txwv ntawm tib neeg hnov ​​lus (> 20 kHz).Lawv ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv transverse oscillation, teem cov yam ntxwv hom ntawm knots thiab antinodes raws lawv ntev.Lo lus "passive ultrasonic irrigation" (PUI) yog cov txheej txheem irrigation uas tsis muaj cov twj paj nruag lossis phab ntsa tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog cov ntaub ntawv endodontic lossis cov cuab yeej.Thaum lub sij hawm PUI, lub zog ultrasound raug xa mus los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv vibrating mus rau cov dej hauv cov kwj dej hauv paus.Cov tom kawg tuaj yeem ua rau sonic ntws thiab cavitation ntawm tus neeg saib xyuas dej ntws.11 Raws li cov ntaub ntawv saum toj no, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los siv nanotechnology los ntsuas kev txhim kho kev nkag mus thiab kev ua kom huv ntawm Chx.HCl.
Chlorhexidine hydrochloride Chx.HCl tau ua siab zoo los ntawm Arab Lub Tuam Txhab Tshuaj rau Cov Tshuaj (Cairo, Egypt).Labrafil M 1944 CS (oleoylpolyoxy-6-glyceride) tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo los ntawm Gattefosse (Saint Pov Thawj, Fab Kis).Tween 20 (polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monolaurate), Tween 80 (polyoxyethylene (80) sorbitan monooleate), oleic acid, propylene glycol los ntawm Gomhorya Company (Cairo, Egypt)).Kev tshem tawm cov hniav uas tsis yog-carious ib leeg-hauv paus rau kev kho hniav lossis kho hniav, Department of Maxillofacial Sciences, Kws Kho Hniav, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.Ntshiab kab lis kev cai ntawm Enterococcus faecalis (strain ATCC 29212) zus nyob rau hauv lub paj hlwb extract (BHI) broth (RC CLEANER, IIchung Dental Ltd., Seoul, Kauslim).
Solubility ntawm Chx.HCl nyob rau hauv ntau yam xov xwm (oleic acid, Labrafil M 1944CS, Tween 20, Tween 80, propylene glycol, thiab dej) tau kawm.Ib qho loj tshaj ntawm Chx.HCl (50 mg) yog muab tso rau hauv ib lub raj centrifuge thiab 5.0 g ntawm theem nruab nrab yog ntxiv.Cov sib tov tau shaken nyob rau hauv ib tug vortex tov khoom rau 15 feeb thiab ces muab cia rau hauv chav tsev kub.Tom qab 24 teev, cov tshuaj insoluble pellet nyob rau hauv lub raj yog centrifuged ntawm 3000 rpm rau 5 feeb kom tau ib tug ntshiab supernatant.Sau cov qauv txaus thiab dilute nws nrog n-butanol.Cov qauv diluted tau lim los ntawm Whatman 102 lim ntawv thiab tom qab ntawd diluted kom tsim nyog nrog n-butanol los txiav txim siab cov tshuaj concentration hauv cov tshuaj saturated.Cov qauv raug soj ntsuam nrog UV spectrophotometer ntawm 260 nm nrog n-butanol ua tus tswj.12.13 Nws
Daim duab pseudo-triple-theem tau tsim los txiav txim siab qhov sib piv ntawm txhua yam uas yuav tsum tau ua hauv kev tsim kom tau txais qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm qhov zoo tagnrho nanoemulsion.14 Cov qauv tsim tau tsim los siv cov roj (ie oleic acid thiab Labrafil M1944CS), surfactants (ie Tween 20 thiab Tween 80) thiab ib qho ntxiv surfactant, piv txwv li propylene glycol.Ua ntej, cais cov sib tov ntawm surfactants (tsis muaj cosurfactants) thiab roj tau npaj nyob rau hauv qhov sib txawv ntim piv (los ntawm 1: 9 txog 9: 1).Thaum sib tov yog titrated nrog dej (ntxiv cov dej dropwise), ua tib zoo saib xyuas qhov sib tov los ntawm ntshiab mus rau huab raws li qhov kawg taw tes.Cov ntsiab lus kawg no tau muab cim rau ntawm daim duab pseudo-triple theem.Tag nrho cov txheej txheem tau rov ua dua rau kev sib xyaw ntawm surfactant thiab theem nrab surfactant (Smix) npaj hauv 2: 1 thiab 3: 1 ratios thiab tov nrog cov roj xaiv 15,16 ib qho.
Nanoemulsion systems uas muaj Chx.HCl tau npaj siv Labrafil M 1944 CS raws li theem roj thiab Tween 80 lossis 20 surfactant thiab propylene glycol raws li cov surfactant ntxiv thiab thaum kawg dej, Table 1. Cov tshuaj tau yaj hauv Labrafil M 1944 CS thiab cov dej sib xyaw ua ke ntawm surfactant yog ntxiv rau qhov sib xyaw ua ke ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke thiab cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov surfactant.Tus nqi ntawm surfactant thiab co-surfactant ntxiv, nrog rau feem pua ​​​​ntawm cov roj theem uas tuaj yeem muab ntxiv, yog txiav txim siab siv daim duab pseudo-ternary theem.Lub tshuab hluav taws xob ultrasonic (Ultrasonic LC 60 H, Elma, Lub teb chaws Yelemees) tau siv los ua kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ntau yam rau dispersing cov granules.Ces tshuav nws.17
Kev ntsuam xyuas dispersibility tau ua los ntawm kev siv lub tshuab dissolution (Dr. Schleuniger Pharmaton, Model Diss 6000, Thun, Switzerland) uas 1 ml ntawm txhua qhov kev npaj tau ntxiv rau 500 ml dej ntawm 37 ± 0.5 ° C.Kev ntxhov siab maj mam ua kom ntseeg tau los ntawm tus qauv stainless hlau dissolving paddles rotating ntawm 50 rpm.Qhov tshwm sim emulsion tau txiav txim pom qhov muag thiab cais raws li meej, translucent nrog lub ntsej muag xiav, milky lossis hazy.Xaiv cov qauv qhia meej rau kev tshawb fawb ntxiv.18.19 Nws
Extraction ntawm Chx.HCl los ntawm optimized nanoemulsion compositions raws li pseudo-triple theem daim duab ua rau zus tau tej cov n-butanol siv ultrasonic technology.Tom qab tsim nyog dilution, cov extracts tau soj ntsuam spectrophotometrically ntawm lub wavelength ntawm 260 nm rau cov ntsiab lus ntawm Chx.HCl.nees nkaum
Txhawm rau kuaj lub sijhawm ntawm tus kheej emulsification, 1 ml ntawm txhua qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg tau ntxiv rau lub beaker uas muaj 250 ml ntawm cov dej distilled thiab khaws cia ntawm 37 ± 1 ° C nrog kev nplawm tas li ntawm 50 rpm.Lub sij hawm tus kheej-emulsification yog coj raws li lub sij hawm uas lub preconcentrate tsim ib homogeneous sib tov tom qab dilution.nees nkaum ib
Rau kev soj ntsuam me me, dilute 50 mg ntawm cov tshuaj kho kom zoo rau 1000 ml nrog dej hauv lub khob thiab sib tov maj mam los ntawm tes.Droplet loj faib tau txiav txim siab siv Malvern Zetasizer 2000 ntsuas (Malvern Instruments Ltd., Malvern, UK) nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv rov qab nrhiav pom ntawm 173º, qhov kub ntawm 25ºC, thiab qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas ntawm 1.330.nees nkaum ob
Kev tshawb fawb hauv vitro dissolution tau ua los ntawm USP Type II apparatus (paddle) (Dr. Schleuniger Pharmaton, Diss Model 6000) ntawm 50 rpm.Cov dej distilled (500 ml) khaws cia ntawm qhov kub ntawm 37 ± 0.5 ° C yog siv los ua qhov nruab nrab ntawm kev sib cais, thiab 5 ml ntawm cov khoom xyaw npaj tau ntxiv dropwise rau qhov nruab nrab dissolution.Tom qab ntawd, ntawm ntau lub sijhawm, 5 ml ntawm kev sib cais nruab nrab tau noj thiab cov tshuaj tso tawm tau txiav txim siab spectrophotometrically ntawm 254 nm.Cov kev sim tau ua nyob rau hauv triplicate.nees nkaum peb
Tom qab ntawd, cov kev ntsuas kinetic ntawm Chx.HCl tso tawm hauv vitro los ntawm nanoemulsions npaj rau nws lub hauv paus raug ntsuas.Zero, thawj thiab thib ob kev txiav txim kinetics thiab Higuchi diffusion qauv raug kuaj los xaiv cov kinetic sequence uas yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau kev tso tawm ntawm Chx.HCl.
2 ml ntawm txhua qhov kev tsim tau khaws cia ntawm qhov kub thiab txias rau 48 teev ua ntej kev sib cais theem.1 ml cov qauv ntawm txhua Chx.HCl nanoemulsion formulation yog ces diluted rau 10 ml thiab 100 ml nrog dej distilled ntawm 25 ° C. thiab khaws cia rau 24 teev.Tom qab ntawd kev sib cais theem tau pom.nees nkaum ib
Tom qab ntawd cov qauv ntawm 2 ml ntawm txhua qhov sib xyaw tau muab cais rau hauv lub raj mis pob tshab nrog lub hau ntsia hlau thiab khaws cia hauv lub tub yees ntawm 2 ° C rau 24 teev.Tom qab ntawd lawv tau muab tshem tawm thiab khaws cia ntawm 25 ° C thiab 40 ° C.Ib lub voj voog txias-thawing tau ua tiav.Cov qauv no tau soj ntsuam rau theem kev sib cais thiab kev siv tshuaj los nag.nees nkaum ib
Ib qho piv txwv ntawm 5 ml ntawm txhua Chx.HCl nanoemulsion formulation raug xa mus rau hauv ib lub khob raj thiab muab tso rau hauv lub chaw soj nstuam centrifuge (Shanghai Surgical Instrument Factory Microcentrifuge Model 800, Shanghai, People's Republic of China) thiab centrifuged ntawm 4000 rpm rau 5 feeb.Cov qauv no tau soj ntsuam rau theem kev sib cais thiab kev siv tshuaj los nag.nees nkaum ib
Txhua qhov kev sim tau pom zoo los ntawm Pawg Saib Xyuas Kev Ncaj Ncees ntawm Ain Shams University, Egypt.50 tsis yog-carious ib leeg-hauv paus tib neeg cov hniav nrog ib tug tsim apex raug xaiv.Cov hniav rho tawm tau siv tom qab tau txais daim ntawv tso cai pom zoo kos npe los ntawm tus neeg mob.Cov hniav muaj xws li maxillary thiab mandibular incisors thiab mandibular premolars.Sab nrauv ntawm cov hauv paus hniav raug kho nrog ib tug curette thiab tag nrho cov hniav tau raug sterilization nyob rau hauv 0.5% NaOCl rau 24 teev thiab muab cia rau hauv sterile saline kom txog thaum siv.Lub kaus mom raug tshem tawm nrog ib qho kev nyab xeeb sab pob zeb diamond disc thiab qhov ntev ntawm cov hniav yog normalized mus rau 16 hli los ntawm apex mus rau coronal margin.24,25 Raws li cov tshuaj yaug, cov hniav muab faib ua pawg hauv qab no:
(A) Pawg (n=24) cov qauv raug ntxuav nrog Chx.HCl nanoemulsion.Subgroup (I) (n = 12) rinsed kuaj nrog 5 ml Chx.HCl nanoemulsion 0.75% concentration.Subgroup (II) (n=12) yaug cov qauv nrog 5 ml ntawm 1.6% Chx.HCl nanoemulsion.(B) Ib pawg (n=24) ntawm cov qauv yuav raug ntxuav nrog 5 ml 2% Chx.HCl ib txwm particle loj.Pab pawg tswj: (n = 2) ntxuav nrog 5 ml saline yam tsis muaj kev ua haujlwm.
Tau xaiv 44 tsis-carious ib leeg-rooted tib neeg cov hniav nrog ib tug tsim tawm.Cov hniav muaj xws li maxillary thiab mandibular incisors thiab mandibular premolars.Sab nrauv ntawm cov hauv paus hniav raug kho nrog ib tug curette thiab tag nrho cov hniav tau raug sterilization nyob rau hauv 0.5% NaOCl rau 24 teev thiab muab cia rau hauv sterile saline kom txog thaum siv.Cov crowns raug tshem tawm nrog kev ruaj ntseg pob zeb diamond disc thiab qhov ntev ntawm cov hniav yog normalized mus rau 16 hli los ntawm apex mus rau coronal margin.24, 25, 29 ib
Mechanical npaj ntawm lub ntsiab apical cov ntaub ntawv loj 50 siv cov txheej txheem txheem.Siv sterile saline raws li irrigant thaum phais.Thaum kawg, lub hauv paus kwj dej tau yaug nrog 2 ml ntawm 17% EDTA rau 1 feeb kom tshem tawm cov smear txheej.Tag nrho cov hauv paus hniav, suav nrog cov apical foramen ntawm txhua tus qauv, tau npog nrog ob lub tsho ntawm cov ntsia hlau polish (cyanoacrylate kua nplaum) kom tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob tawm.Cov hniav tom qab ntawd muab tso rau hauv ib qho thaiv ntawm tartar kom yooj yim tuav thiab txheeb xyuas.29-33 Cov qauv tom qab ntawd autoclaved ntawm 121ºC thiab 15 psi rau 20 feeb.Tom qab ua kom tsis muaj menyuam, tag nrho cov qauv raug thauj thiab ua tiav nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej tsis muaj menyuam uas siv cov cuab yeej tsis muaj menyuam.Lub hauv paus kwj dej tau kis kab lis kev cai ntshiab ntawm Enterococcus faecalis (strain ATCC 29212) zus nyob rau hauv lub paj hlwb extract (BHI) broth rau 24 teev ntawm 37 ° C.Siv lub micropipette uas tsis muaj menyuam, txhaj tshuaj kom meej meej tshem tawm ntawm E. faecalis inoculum rau hauv cov hauv paus hniav ntawm tag nrho cov hniav.Tom qab ntawd cov blocks tau muab tso rau hauv cov kav dej tsis muaj menyuam thiab incubated ntawm 37 ° C rau 24 teev.31, 34, 35
(A) Pawg (n=24) cov qauv raug ntxuav nrog Chx.HCl nanoemulsion.Cov qauv ntawm pawg (I) (n=12) tau muab yaug nrog 5 ml ntawm Chx.HCl nanoemulsion 0.75% concentration.Subgroup (II) (n = 12) yaug cov qauv nrog 5 ml ntawm Chx.HCl nanoemulsion 1.6% concentration.
Pab pawg tswj: kev tswj zoo, (n = 4) cov kab mob hauv paus kwj dej tau yaug nrog 5 ml saline thiab khaws cia raws li kev tswj hwm zoo.Kev tswj tsis zoo: (n = 4) Cov qauv tsis raug txhaj nrog kev ncua, piv txwv li hauv paus kwj dej tsis muaj kab mob E. faecalis, thiab tau khaws cia tsis muaj menyuam raws li kev tswj tsis zoo kom paub meej tias tsis muaj menyuam thiab kev ntseeg siab ntawm cov txheej txheem.Siv 5 ml kuaj tshuaj ntxuav hauv txhua tus qauv.Tom qab ntawd txhua tus qauv raug muab ntxuav kawg nrog 1 ml ntawm sterile saline.
Ib daim ntawv loj 35 sterile tip yog siv los sau cov qauv ntawm cov kwj dej hauv paus.Daim ntawv qhia tau muab tso rau hauv lub raj kom ua haujlwm ntev, sab laug rau 10 vib nas this, thiab tom qab ntawd hloov mus rau agar daim hlau los txiav txim seb tus naj npawb ntawm pawg ua haujlwm (CFU) ib phaj.Cov phiajcim tau muab tso rau ntawm qhov kub ntawm 37ºC rau 24 teev thiab tom qab ntawd ntsuas qhov pom ntawm cov kab mob loj hlob.Lub phaj pob tshab qhia tau tias ua kom tsis muaj menyuam.Cov phaj plooj yog suav tias yog qhov pom kev loj hlob zoo.Qhov nruab nrab tus naj npawb ntawm CFUs nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob hauv ib lub tais tau txiav txim siab thiab suav tus naj npawb ntawm CFUs.Cov neeg muaj sia nyob yog ntsuas feem ntau nrog kev suav tau ntawm cov ntawv drips.Tsis tas li ntawd, lub khob ntim tau siv los suav cov CFUs qis, thiab qhov kev sib tw rau 106 tau siv los suav cov CFUs siab.36.37 Nws
Npaj cov raj uas muaj 15 ml ntawm thawed agar nruab nrab pre-sterilized nyob rau hauv ib lub autoclave nyob rau tib hnub raws li kev sim.Enterococcus faecalis yog facultative Gram-positive anaerobic coccus uas tuaj yeem muaj sia nyob ntawm pH siab heev, acidity thiab kub siab.39 Cov kab mob kab mob (Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212) tau npaj los ntawm kev sib xyaw cov hlwb los ntawm cov cheeb tsam nrog cov kua qaub tsis huv.Cov kab mob kuaj tau tom qab ntawd diluted nrog saline kom phim McFarland 0.5, sib npaug rau 108 CFU / mL.Cov qauv ntim ntxiv yog 10 µl.39 Ib tus qauv turbidity (McFarland 0.5) 40 tau npaj los ntawm nchuav 0.6 ml ntawm 1% (10 g / l) barium chloride dihydrate tov rau hauv 100 ml kawm tiav lub tog raj kheej thiab sau rau 100 ml nrog 1% (10 g / l) sulfuric acid.Cov txheej txheem turbidity tau muab tso rau hauv tib lub raj raws li cov qauv coj mus kuaj thiab khaws cia hauv chav sov li 6 lub hlis hauv qhov tsaus ntuj thiab kaw kom tsis txhob evaporation.Qhib lub hau ntawm qhov khoob Petri tais thiab ncuav tus qauv mus rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub tais.Yog hais tias agar yog tag nrho solidified, hloov lub phaj thiab incubate ntawm 37 ° C rau 24 teev.
Tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv tau sau, tabulated thiab raug rau kev txheeb cais.Kev txheeb xyuas txheeb cais tau ua tiav siv IBM® SPSS® Statistical Version 17 rau Windows (SPSS Inc., IBM Corporation, Armonk, NY, USA).
Solubility ntawm Chx.HCl nyob rau hauv ntau theem roj, surfactant tov, co-surfactant daws, thiab dej tau kawm.Chx.Hcl muaj qhov siab tshaj plaws solubility hauv Labrafil M thiab qis solubility hauv oleic acid.Cov tshuaj ntau dua solubility nyob rau hauv cov roj theem yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau nanoemulsions vim hais tias nanoemulsions muaj peev xwm khaws cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv yaj daim ntawv, lub ntsiab lus hais tias cov tshuaj ntau dua solubility nyob rau hauv cov roj ua rau cov roj tsawg nyob rau hauv formulation thiab yog li ntawd tsawg dua tshuaj.loading Ib tug npaum li cas ntawm surfactant thiab co-surfactant yuav tsum tau emulsify cov roj tee.
Daim duab pseudo-triple-theem tau tsim los txhais cov cheeb tsam nanoemulsion thiab ua kom zoo dua cov roj xaiv, surfactants, thiab ntxiv surfactants (Labrafil M, Tween 80, Tween 20, thiab propylene glycol, raws li).Chx.Hcl qhia tau hais tias tsawg heev solubility nyob rau hauv oleic acid, ua rau cloudiness thaum lub oleic acid yog titrated nrog thawj tee dej.Yog li ntawd, oleic acid system tau raug cais tawm ntawm txoj kev tshawb no.Lwm cov formulations tau npaj siv 1: 9 sib tov ntawm roj thiab surfactant.ntau ntawm pH thiab ionic zog, yog li cov surfactants tau xaiv.
Tag nrho cov qauv npaj tau pom tseeb tshwj tsis yog System F2, uas tau tshwm sim huab cua thiab yog li ntawd tsis suav nrog kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas ntxiv.
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws nanoemulsion formulation yuav tsum tau disperse kiag li thiab sai sai thaum diluted nrog maj mam agitation.Chx.HCl nanoemulsion formulations qhia lub sij hawm emulsification luv, los ntawm 1.67 mus rau 12.33 vib nas this.Tween 80 muaj lub sijhawm luv tshaj emulsification.Qhov no tuaj yeem piav qhia los ntawm ntau dua solubilizing muaj peev xwm ntawm Tween 80. Lub sijhawm ntawm tus kheej emulsification nce nrog kev nce surfactant concentration, uas tej zaum yuav yog vim qhov nce hauv viscosity ntawm lub system raws li kev ua ntawm surfactant.
Qhov loj me me ntawm cov emulsion txiav txim siab tus nqi thiab qhov twg ntawm cov tshuaj tso tawm.Qhov me me emulsion droplet loj ua rau lub sij hawm luv emulsification thiab ntau qhov chaw rau kev nqus tshuaj.Qhov nruab nrab droplet qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm cov xaiv compositions ntawm Chx.HCl nanoemulsion yog 711 ± 0.44, 587 ± 15.3, 10.97 ± 0.11, 16.43 ± 4.55, thiab 12.18 ± 2.48, thiab PDI yog 0,76, 0.6, 0.19 ., F3 thiab 0.16 feem F4, F5 thiab F6.Cov qauv uas muaj Tween 80 raws li ib tug surfactant pom me me spherulites.Qhov no yuav yog vim nws lub zog emulsifying ntau dua.Tus nqi PDI qis dua qhia tau hais tias qhov kev faib me me me me.Cov qauv no muaj qhov zoo nkauj zoo nkauj vim tias lawv cov kab hluav taws xob me me dua li qhov pom ntawm lub teeb pom kev zoo (390-750 nm) uas qhov teeb pom kev tsawg tsawg tshwm sim.41
Ntawm daim duab.2 qhia txog qhov feem pua ​​​​ntawm Chx.HCl tso tawm los ntawm cov qauv tsim.Qhov kev tso tawm tiav ntawm cov tshuaj los ntawm kev npaj formulations ntawm Chx.HCl nanoemulsion ranged ntawm 2 mus rau 7 feeb.Nws tau pom tias cov tshuaj tso tawm siab tshaj plaws tau txais nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm Chx.HCl F6 nanoemulsion formulation (2 min), uas tej zaum yuav yog vim muaj Tween 80, uas pom tau tias muaj ntau dua ntawm emulsification, thiab qhov tshwm sim nanoemulsion.muab thaj chaw loj rau kev tso tshuaj, tso cai rau kev tso tshuaj ntau ntxiv.Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov khoom solubility ntawm propylene glycol tso cai rau ntau cov hydrophilic surfactants kom yaj hauv cov roj.40
Chx.HCl tso tawm hauv vitro tau pom tias ua raws li qhov sib txawv kinetic kev txiav txim, thiab tsis muaj qhov tseeb kinetic txiav txim tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov tshuaj tso tawm los ntawm cov txheej txheem sib txawv nanoemulsion.Lub kinetic tso tawm ntawm cov tshuaj F4 yog thawj qhov kev txiav txim kinetics, uas txhais tau hais tias lawv raug tso tawm nyob rau hauv feem rau tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv lawv.42 Lub kinetic tso tawm ntawm lwm yam tshuaj yog ua raws li tus qauv Higuasha diffusion, uas qhia tau hais tias tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj tso tawm yog proportional rau lub square root ntawm tag nrho cov tshuaj thiab tshuaj solubility nyob rau hauv lub nanoemulsion.42
Cov txheej txheem xaiv tau raug hloov pauv mus rau qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov ntsuas kub zoo los ntawm kev ntsuas kev ntxhov siab uas siv cov voj voog cua sov-txias, centrifugation thiab khov-thaw cycles.Nws tau pom tias cov formulations F3 thiab F4 pom nag lossis daus ntawm cov tshuaj tom qab thawing cycles, thaum F1 pom thickening (gelling).F5 thiab F6 dhau lub voj voog centrifugation tas mus li, ntsuas kub-txias thiab ntsuas khov-thaw.Nanoemulsions yog cov tshuab thermodynamically ruaj khov tsim ntawm qee cov roj, surfactant thiab dej tsis muaj theem sib cais, emulsification lossis tawg.Nws yog thermal stability uas distinguishes nanoemulsions los ntawm emulsions, uas yog kinetically ruaj khov thiab nws thiaj li yuav cais mus rau hauv theem.19 F3 tau pom qhov loj me me (587 nm) dua li lwm cov qauv tsim, uas yuav piav qhia txog theem kev sib cais thiab cov dej nag hauv cov kev ntsuas ntsuas kub.F4 muaj Tween 80 thiab tsis muaj co-surfactant pom cov tshuaj los nag, qhov no yuav qhia tau hais tias yuav tsum tau siv propylene glycol thiab Tween 80 los txhim kho kev ruaj ntseg ntawm nanoemulsion formulations.F1 muaj Tween 20 yam tsis muaj ntxiv surfactant nthuav tawm thickening (gelling), uas yog ib qho kev nce hauv gel viscosity lossis lub zog vim yog cov dej sib sau ua ke.
Cov txiaj ntsig kev ruaj ntseg qhia tau hais tias qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov muaj qhov ntxiv propylene glycol surfactant kom nce particle dispersion thiab tiv thaiv cov tshuaj los nag.43 F6 yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws formulation vim qhov me me particle loj (12.18 nm), luv emulsification lub sij hawm (1.67 vib nas this) thiab sai sai dissolution tus nqi tom qab 2 feeb.Nws tau pom tias yog lub tshuab thermodynamically / lub cev ruaj khov thiab yog li ntawd tau raug xaiv rau kev kawm ntxiv.
Kev ua tsis tiav tom qab kev kho hauv paus kwj dej tau dhau los ua ntau zaus, txhais tau hais tias cov neeg mob muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev kis kab mob ntau dua.44,45 Biofilm yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm thaum lub sij hawm tua kab mob thiab sau cov kwj dej hauv paus.46,47 Vim yog qhov nyuaj ntawm lub hauv paus kwj dej, nws nyuaj rau tshem tawm cov kab mob hauv paus kwj dej nkaus xwb uas siv cov twj paj nruag thiab dej.48 Qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov kwj dej yaug cov kev daws teeb meem yog nyob ntawm qhov nkag ntawm cov dej nkag mus rau hauv DT thiab lub sij hawm raug cov kab mob.49 Yog li ntawd, cov txheej txheem tshiab ntawm kev ua kom huv hauv paus kwj dej tau raug sim thiab sim.Pa rinses tsis tas tshem tawm E. faecalis vim kev nkag mus tsawg dua ntawm DT.50.
Qhov nruab nrab tu lub zog ntawm nanoemulsion yaug yog 2001.47 µm2, thiab qhov nruab nrab particle loj ntawm kev pab yaug yog 2609.56 µm.Qhov nruab nrab qhov sib txawv ntawm nanoemulsion ntxuav thiab qhov qub particle loj ntxuav yog 608.09 µm2. Muaj qhov txheeb xyuas qhov tseem ceeb (P<0.001) qhov sib txawv ntawm nanoemulsion irrigants thiab ib txwm particle loj irrigants nrog (P-tus nqi 0.00052). Muaj qhov txheeb xyuas qhov tseem ceeb (P<0.001) qhov sib txawv ntawm nanoemulsion irrigants thiab ib txwm particle loj irrigants nrog (P-tus nqi 0.00052). Между ирригационными растворами наноэмульсии и ирригационными растворами с нормальным размерьсии частворами с нормальным размерть на часта ки высокозначимая (P<0,001) разница (значение P 0,00052). Muaj qhov txheeb xyuas qhov tseem ceeb (P<0.001) qhov sib txawv (P tus nqi 0.00052) ntawm nanoemulsion irrigants thiab ib txwm particle irrigants.纳米乳液冲洗剂和正常粒径冲洗剂之间存在统计学上高度显着的差异（P<0.00502）.纳米乳液冲洗剂和正常粒径冲洗剂之间存在统计学上高度显着的差异（P<0.00502）. Между ополаскивателем с наноэмульсией и ополаскивателем с нормальным размером частиц бычнила статикьт и ца (P<0,0001) (значение P 0,00052). Muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb heev (P<0.0001) nruab nrab ntawm nanoemulsion yaug thiab qhov qub particle loj yaug (P tus nqi 0.00052).Cov nanoemulsion tau pom qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb heev piv rau cov khoom siv me me uas ib txwm muaj, uas qhia qhov qis dua qhov seem seem seem ntawm thaj chaw, piv txwv li cov khoom siv nanoemulsion muaj peev xwm ntxuav tau zoo tshaj plaws, raws li qhia hauv daim duab 3.
Daim duab 3. Kev sib piv ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev ntxuav cov khoom siv yaug: (A) nrog Nano CHX laser qhib, (B) nrog CHX laser qhib, (C) nrog PUI Nano CHX, (D) tsis muaj Nano CHX ua kom, (E) tsis muaj CHX ua kom, thiab (F) ) CHX PUI activation.
Qhov nruab nrab ntawm thaj tsam ntawm qhov seem ntawm Chx.HCl 1.6% tawg yog 2320.36 µm2, thiab qhov nruab nrab ntawm thaj tsam ntawm Chx.HCl 2% yog 2949.85 µm2. Muaj qhov txheeb xyuas qhov tseem ceeb (P<0.001) qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov siab dua ntawm nanoemulsion irrigants thiab cov particle loj irrigants (P-tus nqi 0.00000). Muaj qhov txheeb xyuas qhov tseem ceeb (P<0.001) qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov siab dua ntawm nanoemulsion irrigants thiab cov particle loj irrigants (P-tus nqi 0.00000). Наблюдалась статистически высокозначимая (P<0,001) разница между более высокой концентрацией насокой концентрацией насокой концентрацией насокой растворов и ирригационными растворами с нормальным размером частиц (значение P 0,00000). Muaj qhov txheeb xyuas qhov tseem ceeb (P<0.001) qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov siab dua ntawm nanoemulsion irrigants thiab ib txwm particle loj irrigants (P tus nqi 0.00000).Koj puas ua tau koj (p <0.001) (p 值 0.000).较高浓度的纳米乳液冲洗剂与正常粒径冲洗剂之间存在统计学显着的差异 (1P<0.0) Наблюдалась статистически очень значимая разница (P<0,001) между более высокими концентрацилься опнцентрацилься опнцентрацилься й и ополаскивателя с нормальным размером частиц (значение P 0,00000). Muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb heev (P<0.001) ntawm qhov ntau dua ntawm nanoemulsion yaug thiab ib txwm particle loj yaug (P tus nqi 0.00000).Txawm hais tias qhov concentration ntawm nanoemulsion irrigant yog qis dua li qhov qub particle loj irrigant, qhov qis dua qhov concentration no ua tau zoo dua hauv kev tshem cov khib nyiab thiab zoo dua hauv kev tu hauv paus kwj dej.
PUI muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb heev (p<0.001) thaum piv rau lwm txoj kev ua kom muaj zog. PUI muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb heev (p<0.001) thaum piv rau lwm txoj kev ua kom muaj zog. PUI имел статистически высокозначимую разницу (p<0,001) по сравнению с другими методами активации. PUI muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb heev (p<0.001) piv rau lwm txoj kev ua kom muaj zog.与其他激活方法相比，PUI 具有统计学上非常显着的差异(p<0.001).与其他激活方法相比，PUI 具有统计学上非常显着的差异(p<0.001). По сравнению с другими методами активации PUI имел статистически очень значимую разницу (p<0,001). Piv rau lwm txoj hauv kev ua kom, PUI muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb heev (p<0.001).Nrog rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm ISP, thaj tsam nruab nrab ntawm qhov seem seem ntawm cov khib nyiab yog 1695.31 µm2. Qhov sib txawv nruab nrab ntawm PUI thiab Laser yog 987.89929 uas qhia tau qhov tseem ceeb (P<0.001) qhov sib txawv nrog (p-tus nqi 0.00000). Qhov sib txawv nruab nrab ntawm PUI thiab Laser yog 987.89929 uas qhia tau qhov tseem ceeb (P<0.001) qhov sib txawv nrog (p-tus nqi 0.00000). Средняя разница между PUI thiab Laser составила 987,89929, демонстрируя высокостатистически значимую (P<0,0001) 000). Qhov nruab nrab qhov sib txawv ntawm PUI thiab Laser yog 987.89929, uas qhia txog qhov tseem ceeb heev (P<0.001) qhov txawv ntawm (p-tus nqi 0.00000). PUI 和Laser 之间的平均差异为987.89929，显示出高度统计学显着性(P<0.001) 差异(p 0.000).PUI thiab Laser Средняя разница между PUI и Laser составила 987,89929, что свидетельствует о высокой статистической зрниетестической зрниетической зрниета 0 0,00000). Qhov nruab nrab qhov sib txawv ntawm PUI thiab Laser yog 987.89929, qhia qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev txheeb cais (P<0.001) qhov sib txawv (p-value 0.00000). Qhov nruab nrab qhov sib txawv ntawm PUI thiab tsis muaj kev ua haujlwm yog 712.40643 uas qhia txog qhov tseem ceeb heev (P<0.001) qhov sib txawv nrog p-tus nqi ntawm 0.00098).Kev siv Laser ua kom lossis tsis muaj kev ua kom tsis muaj txiaj ntsig zoo (P> 0.05) txawv nrog P-tus nqi ntawm 0.45. Qhov sib txawv nruab nrab ntawm PUI thiab tsis muaj kev ua haujlwm yog 712.40643 uas qhia txog qhov tseem ceeb (P<0.001) qhov sib txawv nrog p-tus nqi ntawm 0.00098).P-tus nqi ntawm 0.451211. Средняя разница между PUI и отсутствием активации составила 712,40643, демонстрируя высокоствием активации составила 712,40643, демонстрируя высочостатисти 0 за ницу с p-значением 0,00098). Qhov nruab nrab qhov sib txawv ntawm PUI thiab tsis muaj kev ua haujlwm yog 712.40643, uas qhia txog qhov tseem ceeb (P<0.001) qhov sib txawv nrog p-tus nqi ntawm 0.00098).P-tus nqi 0.451211. PUI 和未激活之间的平均差异为712.40643，显示高度统计学显着性差异(P<0.001), p 80 值).PUI Средняя разница между PUI и инактивацией составила 712,40643, что свидетельствует о высокой стататист (P<0,001, p-значение 0,00098). Qhov nruab nrab qhov sib txawv ntawm PUI thiab inactivation yog 712.40643, qhia txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov sib txawv (P<0.001, p-value 0.00098).使用激光激活或不激活在统计学上没有显着差异(P> 0.05) P 值为0.451211.使用激光激活或不激活在统计学上没有显着差异(P> 0.05) P 值为0.451211. Статистически значимой разницы (P>0,05) с лазерной активацией или без нее не было со значением 1 P 1 0,4. Tsis muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb (P> 0.05) nrog lossis tsis muaj laser ua haujlwm nrog tus nqi P ntawm 0.451211.Qhov nruab nrab ntawm qhov chaw ntawm qhov seem seem ntawm lub laser ua haujlwm yog 2683.21 µm2.Qhov nruab nrab ntawm qhov chaw seem ntawm cov seem uas tsis muaj kev ua haujlwm yog 2407.72 µm2.Piv nrog rau kev ua kom laser lossis tsis muaj kev ua haujlwm, PUI muaj qhov txheeb cais me me nruab nrab nti ntawm thaj chaw, piv txwv li lub zog tu zoo tshaj plaws.
Qhov nruab nrab tu lub zog ntawm nanoemulsion yaug yog 2001.47 µm2, thiab qhov nruab nrab particle loj ntawm kev pab yaug yog 2609.56 µm.Qhov nruab nrab qhov sib txawv ntawm nanoemulsion ntxuav thiab qhov qub particle loj ntxuav yog 608.09 µm2. Muaj kev txheeb xyuas qhov tseem ceeb (P<0.001) qhov sib txawv ntawm nanoemulsion irrigants thiab ib txwm particle loj irrigants nrog (P-tus nqi 0.00052). Muaj kev txheeb xyuas qhov tseem ceeb (P<0.001) qhov sib txawv ntawm nanoemulsion irrigants thiab ib txwm particle loj irrigants nrog (P-tus nqi 0.00052). Между ирригационными растворами наноэмульсии и ирригационными растворами с нормальным ра змером часы сокозначимая (P<0,001) разница (значение P 0,00052). Muaj qhov txheeb xyuas qhov tseem ceeb (P<0.001) qhov sib txawv (P tus nqi 0.00052) ntawm nanoemulsion irrigants thiab ib txwm particle irrigants.纳米乳液冲洗剂与正常粒径冲洗剂之间存在统计学上高度显着的差异 (P<0.001.0P) P <0.001) (P值0.00052). Между ополаскивателем с наноэмульсией и ополаскивателем с нормальным размером частиц бычнила статикьт и ца (P<0,0001) (значение P 0,00052). Muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb heev (P<0.0001) nruab nrab ntawm nanoemulsion yaug thiab qhov qub particle loj yaug (P tus nqi 0.00052).Muab piv rau cov khoom me me ib txwm muaj, nanoemulsion muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb heev, uas qhia qhov qis dua qhov seem seem seem ntawm thaj chaw, piv txwv li Nanoemulsion cov khoom muaj peev xwm ntxuav tau zoo dua li pom hauv daim duab 3.
Qhov nruab nrab ntawm thaj tsam ntawm qhov seem ntawm Chx.HCl 1.6% tawg yog 2320.36 µm2, thiab qhov nruab nrab ntawm thaj tsam ntawm Chx.HCl 2% yog 2949.85 µm2. Muaj kev txheeb xyuas qhov tseem ceeb (P<0.001) qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov siab dua ntawm nanoemulsion irrigants thiab cov particle loj irrigants (P-tus nqi 0.00000). Muaj qhov txheeb xyuas qhov tseem ceeb (P<0.001) qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov siab dua ntawm nanoemulsion irrigants thiab cov particle loj irrigants (P-tus nqi 0.00000). Имелась статистически высокодостоверная (P<0,001) разница между более высокой концентрацией наноэрулый наноэрулый дств и ирригационными растворами с нормальным размером частиц (значение P 0,00000). Muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb (P<0.001) qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov siab dua ntawm nanoemulsion irrigants thiab ib txwm particle loj irrigants (P tus nqi 0.00000).较高浓度的纳米乳液冲洗剂与正常粒径冲洗剂之间存在统计学上高度显着的工粒径冲洗剂之间存在统计学上高度显着的工粒。较高浓度的纳米乳液冲洗剂与正常粒径冲洗剂之间存在统计学上高度显着的工粒。 Наблюдалась статистически высокозначимая разница (P <0,001) между более высокими концентрацилься опнцентрацилься опнцентрацилься й и ополаскивателем с нормальным размером частиц (значение P 0,00000). Muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb heev (P < 0.001) ntawm qhov ntau dua ntawm nanoemulsion yaug thiab ib txwm particle loj yaug (P tus nqi 0.00000).Txawm hais tias qhov concentration ntawm nanoemulsion irrigant yog qis dua li qhov qub particle loj irrigant, qhov qis dua qhov concentration no ua tau zoo dua hauv kev tshem cov khib nyiab thiab zoo dua hauv kev tu hauv paus kwj dej.
PUI muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov tseem ceeb (p<0.001) thaum piv rau lwm txoj kev ua kom muaj zog. PUI muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov tseem ceeb (p<0.001) thaum piv rau lwm txoj kev ua kom muaj zog. PUI имел статистически высокую значимую разницу (p<0,001) по сравнению с другими методами активации. PUI muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb (p<0.001) piv rau lwm txoj hauv kev ua kom.与其他激活方法相比，PUI 具有统计学上的显着差异(p<0.001). Piv nrog rau lwm txoj hauv kev ua kom, PUI muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb (p<0.001). PUI статистически значимо отличался (p<0,001) по сравнению с другими методами активации. PUI tau txheeb xyuas qhov sib txawv (p<0.001) piv rau lwm txoj kev ua kom muaj zog.Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm PUI, thaj tsam nruab nrab ntawm cov khib nyiab seem yog 1695.31 μm2. Qhov nruab nrab qhov sib txawv ntawm PUI thiab Laser yog 987.89929 uas qhia cov txheeb cais tseem ceeb (P<0.001) qhov sib txawv nrog (p-tus nqi 0.00000).Qhov txawv nruab nrab ntawm PUI thiab tsis muaj kev ua kom yog 712.40643 uas qhia tau zoo heev statistically tseem ceeb (P<0.001) qhov sib txawv nrog (p-tus nqi 0.00000). tsis tseem ceeb txheeb cais (P> 0.05) txawv nrog (P-tus nqi 0.451211). Qhov sib txawv nruab nrab ntawm PUI thiab Laser yog 987.89929 uas qhia tau qhov tseem ceeb (P<0.001) qhov sib txawv nrog (p-tus nqi 0.00000).Qhov nruab nrab qhov sib txawv ntawm PUI thiab tsis muaj kev ua haujlwm yog 712.40643 uas qhia txog qhov tseem ceeb (P<0.001) qhov sib txawv nrog (p -value 0.00098).Kev siv Laser activation lossis tsis muaj kev ua kom tsis muaj qhov txheeb cais (P> 0.05) txawv nrog (P-tus nqi 0.451211). Средняя разница между PUI и лазером составила 987,89929, демонстрируя высокостатистически значичим 1 значим 0-P 0,00000). Qhov nruab nrab qhov sib txawv ntawm PUI thiab laser yog 987.89929, ua kom pom qhov tseem ceeb (P<0.001) qhov sib txawv nrog (p-tus nqi 0.00000). - значение 0,00098).Использование лазерной активации или отсутствие активации не имело статистичыски> 0 значение P-значение 0,451211). - tus nqi 0.00098).Kev siv laser ua kom lossis tsis ua kom muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb (P> 0.05) nrog (P-tus nqi 0.451211). PUI 和激光之间的平均差异为987.89929，与(p 值0.00000) 差异具有高度统计学意义0(P<0). Qhov nruab nrab qhov sib txawv ntawm PUI thiab laser yog 987.89929, thiab qhov sib txawv (p 值0.00000) muaj qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws (P<0.001). Средняа разниа и лоставиом составиом бололо статисти зтоко значти звоачтим (з (1) с (знчениениениениениениениениениениениениениениениениени) Qhov txawv nruab nrab ntawm PUI thiab laser yog 987.89929, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb heev (P<0.001) nrog (p tus nqi 0.00000). PUI 与未激活之间的平均差异为712.40643，与(p) 差异具有高度统计学意义(P<0.001)0.001. Qhov nruab nrab qhov sib txawv ntawm PUI thiab tsis ua haujlwm yog 712.40643, thiab qhov sib txawv (p) muaj qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws (P<0.001) - tus nqi 0.00098. Средняя разница между PUI и инактивацией составила 712,40643, что было высоко статистически значимым (значимым) 0,00098). Qhov nruab nrab qhov sib txawv ntawm PUI thiab inactivation yog 712.40643, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb heev nrog qhov sib txawv (p) (P<0.001 - tus nqi 0.00098).使用激光激活或不激活没有显着统计学差异(P> 0.05) 与(P 值0.451211). Tsis muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua kom laser thiab tsis ua haujlwm (P> 0.05) thiab (P 值 0.451211). Не было статистически значимой разницы (P> 0,05) по сравнению с (значение P 0,451211) с лаизерной лакти. Tsis muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb (P> 0.05) piv rau (P tus nqi 0.451211) nrog lossis tsis muaj laser ua haujlwm.Qhov nruab nrab ntawm qhov chaw ntawm qhov seem seem thaum lub sij hawm ua kom laser yog 2683.21 μm2.Qhov nruab nrab ntawm qhov chaw seem ntawm cov seem uas tsis muaj kev ua haujlwm yog 2407.72 μm2.Piv nrog rau kev ua kom laser lossis tsis muaj kev ua haujlwm, PUI muaj qhov ntsuas me me nruab nrab ntawm cov nti, piv txwv li kev tu kom zoo dua.
Qhov nruab nrab cov nyhuv ntawm nanoemulsion yaug ntawm kev tshem tawm cov khib nyiab yog qhov txheeb xyuas ntau dua li qhov qub particle loj yaug.Chx.HCl 1.6%, PUI 1938.77 µm2, 2510.96 µm2 nrog laser.Yog tsis muaj kev ua kom, qhov nruab nrab tus nqi yog 2511.34 µm2.Thaum 2% Chx.HCl tau siv thiab qhib nrog lub laser, qhov tshwm sim yog qhov phem tshaj plaws thiab cov khib nyiab ntau tshaj plaws.Tib cov txiaj ntsig tau txais thaum 0.75% Chx.HCl tsis tau qhib.Pom tseeb, cov txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws tau txais los ntawm kev siv ntau dua ntawm cov tshuaj yaug hauv nanoemulsion.PUI tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws hauv kev ua kom dej tsis huv thiab tshem tawm cov khib nyiab, raws li qhia hauv daim duab 3A-F)).
Raws li pom nyob rau hauv Table 2, lub Chx.HCl nanoemulsion ua tau zoo tshaj li ib txwm me me hais nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm siv tau microorganism suav thiab muaj ib tug zoo correlation nrog formulation penetration thiab cleansing nyhuv raws li nram no tsis: loj, flushing agent concentration thiab activation txoj kev.
Cov kab mob tuaj yeem raug rhuav tshem tag nrho los ntawm kev siv cov tshuaj ntxuav tes ntau dua.Txawm tias muaj PUI ua kom, 0.75% Chx.HCl muaj cov tshuaj tua kab mob phem tshaj plaws.Laser ua kom muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm nano-emulsion yaug.Raws li tuaj yeem pom los ntawm tag nrho cov txiaj ntsig yav dhau los, kev siv lub laser txo qhov ua tau zoo ntawm Chx.HCl 0.75% nanoemulsion, qhov twg CFU ntawm nanoChx.HCl 0.75% yog 195, uas yog tus nqi siab heev, qhia tias cov reagents ntawm qhov concentration yog piv rau laser ua kom muaj zog.Diode lasers yog photothermal, yog li lub teeb lossis cua sov tuaj yeem ua rau nanoemulsion poob nws cov nyhuv antibacterial.Qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov concentrations siab yog kev puas tsuaj tag nrho ntawm cov kab mob.Nano Chx.HCl 1.6% pom cov kab mob tsis zoo loj hlob nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm laser activation, uas txhais tau hais tias lub laser tsis cuam tshuam rau cov antibacterial muaj peev xwm ntawm nano Chx.HCl 1.6%.Nws tuaj yeem xaus lus tias cov khoom siv nanoemulsion nrog ntau dua concentration muaj cov nyhuv antibacterial zoo dua.
Hauv kev ua haujlwm no, Chx.HCl nanoemulsions tau npaj siv ob lub roj sib txawv, ob qho tib si surfactants thiab co-surfactant, qhov zoo tshaj plaws formulation (F6) nrog me me particle loj, luv luv emulsification lub sij hawm thiab siab dissolution tus nqi) tau xaiv.Tsis tas li ntawd, (F6) tau sim rau qhov ntsuas kub thiab lub cev ruaj khov.Nyob rau hauv Chx.HCl nanoemulsion ntawm ib tug concentration ntawm 1.6%, Chx.HCl nanoemulsion qhia qhov zoo tshaj plaws permeability nyob rau hauv lub dentinal tubules piv rau cov tsoos Chx.HCl raws li ib tug rinsing kua, thiab PUI raws li ib tug activation txoj kev muaj ib tug cleansing muaj peev xwm.Tsis tas li ntawd, kev tshawb fawb tshuaj tua kab mob ntawm Chx.HCl nanoemulsion tau pom tias ua tiav kev tshem tawm cov kab mob.Cov txiaj ntsig tau lees paub qhov no.Chx.HCl nanoemulsion tuaj yeem suav hais tias yog cov tshuaj ntxuav tes zoo.
Peb ua tsaug ntau rau cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm lub chaw soj ntsuam kev tshawb fawb ntawm Misr University of Science thiab Technology rau lawv txoj kev txhawb nqa zoo.