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N'ime akwụkwọ a, a na-emepụta 220GHz broadband high-power interleaved double-blade traveling wave tube e mere na verified.First, a planar double-beam staggered double-blade slow-wave structure is proposed.Site na iji dual-mode operation , ọrụ nnyefe na bandwit fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ okpukpu abụọ nke otu-mode. ngwa anya usoro e mere, na-akwọ ụgbọala voltaji bụ 20 ~ 21 kV, na ugbu a bụ 2 × 80 mA.Design goals.By iji ihe nkpuchi akụkụ na akara electrode na abụọ doo egbe, abụọ pensụl ibé nwere ike na-elekwasị anya tinyere ha iche emmepe na a mkpakọ ruru nke 7, na-elekwasị anya anya bụ banyere 0.18mm, na nkwụsi ike na-na-elekwasị anya na-mere nke ọma usoro nke nnyefe magnet. nwere ike iru 45 mm, na-elekwasị anya magnetik ubi bụ 0.6 T, nke bụ zuru ezu na-ekpuchi dum elu ugboro usoro (HFS) .Mgbe ahụ, iji nyochaa na usability nke electron-optical usoro na arụmọrụ nke ngwa ngwa-ebili mmiri Ọdịdị, urughuru cell (PIC) simulations e nwekwara rụrụ na dum HFS.The pụta na-egosi na doo-mmekọrịta 2 GHz mmepụta ike na-eru nso na pepem2 mmepụta usoro nwere ike nweta a nso pempe-mmekọrịta 2 GHz mmepụta usoro. am voltaji bụ 20.6 kV, ọkụ ugbu a bụ 2 × 80 mA, uru bụ 38 dB, na 3-dB bandwit gafere 35 dB banyere 70 GHz. N'ikpeazụ, elu-nkenke microstructure fabrication na-arụ iji nyochaa arụmọrụ nke HFS, na nsonaazụ na-egosi na bandwit na nnyefe na-atụ anya na nkwekọrịta nke a na-atụ anya na nkwekọrịta dị elu. , ultra-broadband terahertz-band radieshon isi iyi nwere ike maka ngwa n'ọdịnihu.
Dị ka a omenala agụụ electronic ngwaọrụ, na-ejegharị ejegharị wave tube (TWT) na-arụ ọrụ na-apụghị dochie anya n'ọtụtụ ngwa dị ka elu-mkpebi radar, satellite nkwurịta okwu usoro, na ohere exploration1,2,3. Otú ọ dị, dị ka ọrụ ugboro na-abanye na terahertz band, na omenala jikọtara-cavity TWT na helical TWT enwebeghị ike izute ndị mmadụ na-arụpụta ike dị ala, ike mmepụta usoro n'ihi na ike na-arụ ọrụ ike. rehensively melite arụmọrụ nke THz band aghọwo ihe na-echegbu onwe ya maka ọtụtụ ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị nnyocha oru.Na-adịbeghị anya, novel slow-wave structures (SWSs), dị ka staggered dual-blade (SDV) structures and folded waveguide (FW) structures, enwetala nlebara anya buru ibu n'ihi nhazi ihe okike ha, karịsịa akwụkwọ akụkọ SDV-SWSs na provised 8. Ọdịdị nwere ike ịmepụta ngwa ngwa site na usoro nhazi micro-nano dị ka njikwa ọnụọgụ kọmputa (CNC) na UV-LIGA, nhazi ngwugwu nke metal niile nwere ike inye ikike ikuku dị elu na ike mmepụta dị elu na uru, na usoro nke na-agba ọsọ nwere ike inye bandwidth na-arụ ọrụ obosara. n'ókè na G-band5. Otú ọ dị, ndị a pụta ka nwere oghere ndị na-enweghị ike izute ndị metụtara chọrọ nke elu ike na wideband bandwit na terahertz band. N'ihi na UC-Davis's G-band SDV-TWT, mpempe akwụkwọ electron ibé e ji mee ihe. Ọ bụ ezie na atụmatụ a nwere ike budata mma nke ugbu a-ebu ikike nke ibé, ọ na-esiri ike ịnọgide na-enwe a ogologo nnyefe electroOS n'elu usoro n'ihi na e nwere ike ịnọgide na-na-na-na-na-na-na-na-na-na-ebu ikike n'elu electroOS anya n'ihi na usoro bụ electroOS optmo n'ihi na e nwere ike ịnọgide na-enwe a ogologo nnyefe nke usoro electroOS n'ihi na nke usoro. ọwara osisi, nke nwekwara ike ime ka osisi ahụ na-achịkwa onwe ya.- Ụtọ na oscillation 6,7. Iji mezuo ihe ndị a chọrọ nke ike mmepụta dị elu, bandwidth obosara na nkwụsi ike dị mma nke THz TWT, a na-atụ aro ka a na-atụ aro ka a na-emepụta pensụl abụọ-beam SDV-SWS na-arụ ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ n'ime akwụkwọ a. Nke ahụ bụ, iji mee ka bandwidth na-arụ ọrụ dịkwuo elu, a na-atụ aro ọrụ abụọ-mode ma webata ya n'ụdị a. Na, iji mee ka pensụl na-ekesa ike na-eme ka pensụl dị okpukpu abụọ na-emepụta pensụl. obere n'ihi na njupụta nke vetikal.Ọ bụrụ na njupụta dị ugbu a dị oke elu, a ghaghị ibelata ọkụ ọkụ ugbu a, na-eme ka ọ dị ntakịrị ike mmepụta ike. Iji meziwanye ọkụ ọkụ ugbu a, planar na-ekesa multibeam EOS apụtawo, nke na-erigbu akụkụ nke akụkụ nke SWS.Due na nkwụsịtụ nke onwe ya, nke na-ekesa planar na-ekesa multi-beam nwere ike ịnọgide na-enwe ike ịnọgide na-enwe ike dị elu site n'ịgbara obere ọkụ site na tunne nke ugbu a. ling tụnyere mpempe akwụkwọ-beam ngwaọrụ. Ya mere, ọ bara uru ịnọgide na-enwe nkwụsi ike nke na-ejegharị ejegharị ife tube.On ndabere nke gara aga work8,9, akwụkwọ a na-atụ aro a G-band edo magnetik ubi ilekwasị anya abụọ pensụl doo EOS, nke nwere ike ukwuu melite kwụsiri ike nnyefe anya nke doo na n'ihu dịkwuo doo mmekọrịta ebe, si otú ahụ na-emeziwanye mmepụta ike.
A na-akọwa usoro nke akwụkwọ a dị ka nke a. Nke mbụ, a na-akọwapụta ihe nhazi cell SWS na parampat, njirimara mgbasa ozi mgbasa ozi na nsonaazụ mmetụ dị elu ugboro ugboro. Mgbe ahụ, dị ka usoro nke cell unit ahụ si dị, a na-emepụta pensụl pensụl okpukpu abụọ EOS na usoro mmekọrịta osisi na akwụkwọ a. A na-ewepụtakwa nsonaazụ nyocha nke intracellular iji nyochaa ojiji nke EOS na arụmọrụ nke SDV-TW na-arụ ọrụ nkenke na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-eme ka oyi na-atụ nke SDV-TW. HFS dum. N'ikpeazụ mee nchịkọta.
Dị ka otu n'ime ihe ndị kasị mkpa akụrụngwa nke TWT, na dispersive Njirimara nke ngwa ngwa-ebili mmiri Ọdịdị na-egosi ma eletrọn ọsọ na-adaba na-adọ ọsọ nke SWS, ma si otú nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na doo-ebili mmiri interaction.To imeziwanye arụmọrụ nke dum TWT, ihe mma mmekọrịta Ọdịdị e mere. s a okpukpu abụọ pen doo iji nwetakwuo mma mmepụta ike na ọrụ kwụsie ike.Ka ọ dị ugbu a, iji dịkwuo na-arụ ọrụ bandwit, a dual mode e tụrụ aro ka SWS arụ ọrụ.Due ka symmetry nke SDV Ọdịdị, ihe ngwọta nke electromagnetic ubi dispersion equation nwere ike kewara n'ime odd na ọbụna modes.N'otu oge ahụ, ndị fundamental odd mode nke obere ugboro band na nke bụ isi ọbụna mode nke elu ugboro band na-eji na-aghọta na brọdband na-emeziwanye mmekọrịta nke na-arụ ọrụ bandwit n'ebe ahụ.
Dị ka ike chọrọ, dum tube e mere na a na-anya ụgbọ ala voltaji nke 20 kV na a abụọ doo ugbu a nke 2 × 80 mA. Iji kwekọọ na voltaji dị ka o kwere omume na-arụ ọrụ bandwit nke SDV-SWS, anyị kwesịrị gbakọọ ogologo oge p.The mmekọrịta dị n'etiti beam voltaji na oge e gosiri na nhata (1) 10:
Site n'itinye ngbanwe nke oge na 2.5π na etiti etiti nke 220 GHz, oge p nwere ike gbakọọ ka ọ bụrụ 0.46 mm.Figure 2a na-egosi njirimara mgbasa nke SWS unit cell. The 20 kV beamline dakọtara na bimodal curve nke ọma. Njikọ ugboro ugboro nwere ike iru gburugburu 70 GHz na 26250 GHz mode (2650 GHz). GHz (ọbụlagodi ụdịdị).Ọgụgụ 2b na-egosi nkezi njikọ njikọ, nke karịrị 0.6 Ω site na 210 ruo 290 GHz, na-egosi na mmekọrịta siri ike nwere ike ime na bandwit na-arụ ọrụ.
(a) Àgwà mgbasa nke ụdị SDV-SWS nke nwere eriri eletrọn 20 kV.
Otú ọ dị, ọ dị mkpa iburu n'obi na e nwere ọdịiche dị n'etiti ọdịiche dị iche iche na ọbụna ụdịdị, na anyị na-ezokarị aka na ọdịiche a dị ka nkwụsị nkwụsị, dị ka e gosiri na Figure 2a. Ọ bụrụ na a na-arụ ọrụ TWT n'akụkụ ebe a na-agba ọsọ ugboro ugboro, ike na-ejikọta ike siri ike nwere ike ime, nke ga-eduga na oscillations na-achọghị. Na ngwa bara uru, anyị n'ozuzu ezere iji TWT nso na njedebe nke gap1 nwere ike ịhụ ya. GHz. Ọ na-esiri ike ikpebi ma obere oghere a na-akpata oscillations. Ya mere, a ga-enyocha nkwụsi ike nke ọrụ n'akụkụ ihe nkwụsịtụ na ngalaba simulation PIC na-esonụ iji nyochaa ma ọ bụ na-achọghị oscillations nwere ike ime.
The nlereanya nke dum HFS e gosiri na Figure 3.It mejupụtara abụọ nkebi nke SDV-SWS, ejikọrọ Bragg reflectors.The ọrụ nke reflector bụ ebipụ mgbaàmà nnyefe n'etiti abụọ nkebi, ebelata oscillation na echiche nke na-adịghị arụ ọrụ ụdịdị dị ka elu-iji ụdịdị eme n'etiti elu na ala agụba, si otú a na-mma na dum njikọ nke mpụga na-ejikọta na tube nke na-eme ka a kwụsie ike na gburugburu ebe obibi n'ihi na a na-eji eriri na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma. SWS na WR-4 ọkọlọtọ waveguide. A na-atụle ọnụọgụ nnyefe nke nhazi ọkwa abụọ site na onye na-edozi oge na 3D simulation software. N'ịtụle mmetụta n'ezie nke terahertz band na ihe ahụ, a na-ebu ụzọ tinye ihe nke envelopu oghere na ọla kọpa, na conductivity na-ebelata na 2.25 × 12.7 S / m1.
Ọnụ ọgụgụ 4 na-egosi nsonaazụ nnyefe maka HFS na ndị na-enweghị eriri tapered couplers. Nsonaazụ na-egosi na onye na-emekọ ihe na-enwe mmetụta dị nta na ọrụ nnyefe nke HFS dum. Nkwụghachi azụ (S11 <- 10 dB) na ntinye ntinye (S21> - 5 dB) nke usoro dum na 207 ~ 280 GHz mgbasa ozi mgbasa ozi na-egosi na HFS nwere ezigbo mgbasa ozi mgbasa ozi.
Dị ka ike ọkọnọ nke agụụ electronic ngwaọrụ, na eletrọn egbe kpọmkwem na-ekpebi ma ngwaọrụ nwere ike igbanye ezu mmepụta power.Combined na analysis nke HFS na Nkebi nke Abụọ, a dual-beam EOS kwesịrị ka e mere iji nye zuru ezu power.In akụkụ a, dabere na gara aga na-arụ ọrụ na W-band8,9, a abụọ pensụl elektrọn egbe e mere iji a planar nkpuchi akụkụ na ịchịkwa electrodes dị ka e gosiri First nke S.A.2 , na-akwọ ụgbọala voltaji Ua nke electron ibé na-ibido ka 20 kV, okwukwo I nke abụọ electron ibé bụ ma 80 mA, na doo dayameta dw nke electron ibé bụ 0,13 mm. N'otu oge ahụ, iji hụ na nke ugbu a njupụta nke electron doo na-enwe ike imezu njupụta nke electron ibé na cathode nwere ike imezu density nke ugbu a nke electron nwere ike imezu nke electron rashion. ity of the electron beam is 603 A / cm2, na nke ugbu a njupụta nke cathode bụ 86 A / cm2, nke nwere ike nweta site na nke a na-enweta site na iji ọhụrụ cathode ihe. Dị ka imewe tiori 14, 15, 16, 17, a ahụkarị Pierce eletrọn egbe pụrụ pụrụ iche.
Ọgụgụ 5 na-egosi eserese na vetikal nke okporo ụzọ nke egbe, na -adị na-ejikọ ya na X-NKE AKA NA-EKWU EGO N'ụzọ dị nsọ.
Iji mee ka ọkụ eletrik na-elekwasị anya na-enweta site na ọkụ eletrik ọ bụla na x-direction symmetrical banyere etiti nke ya, akwụkwọ a na-emetụta electrode akara na egbe eletrọn. Site n'itinye voltaji nke electrode na-elekwasị anya na electrode akara na -20 kV, na voltaji nke anode ka 0 V, anyị nwere ike nweta trajectory nkesa nke abụọ doo na ọkụ eletrik nwere ike ịhụ na fig nke 6. y-ntụziaka, na oghere eletrọn ọ bụla na-agbakọta na ntụzịaka x n'akụkụ etiti nke symmetry nke ya, nke na-egosi na electrode njikwa na-edozi oghere eletrik na-enweghị nhata nke electrode na-elekwasị anya na-emepụta.
Ọnụ ọgụgụ 7 na-egosi envelopu beam na ntụziaka x na y. Nsonaazụ na-egosi na ntule anya nke electron beam na x-direction dị iche na nke ahụ na y-direction. Ntuba anya na x direction bụ ihe dị ka 4mm, na nkedo anya na y ntụziaka dị nso na 7mm. N'ihi ya, n'ezie atụpụ anya kwesịrị ịhọrọ n'etiti 4 na electroseam 8 mm. site na cathode elu.Anyị nwere ike ịhụ na ọdịdị nke obe akụkụ dị nso na ọkọlọtọ okirikiri electron beam.The anya n'etiti abụọ electron ibé dị nso na e mere 0.31 mm, na radius bụ banyere 0.13 mm, nke na-ezute imewe chọrọ. Figure 9 na-egosi simulation results of the beam current. Ọ nwere ike ịhụ na nke abụọ a na-emepụta 7. A na-emepụta nkwekọrịta dị mma na 6.
N'ịtụle mgbanwe nke ịnya ụgbọ ala na ngwa ndị bara uru, ọ dị mkpa iji mụọ ihe nhụsianya nke ihe nlereanya a. N'ihe dị iche iche nke voltaji nke 19.8 ~ 20.6 kV, a na-enweta envelopes dị ugbu a na beam dị ugbu a, dị ka e gosiri na Figure 1 na Figure 1.10 na 11. Site na nsonaazụ ya, a pụrụ ịhụ na mgbanwe nke voltaji na-akwọ ụgbọala na-enwe mmetụta na-enweghị mmetụta na-agbanwe agbanwe na electro7. 0.78 A.Ya mere, enwere ike iche na egbe eletrọn e mere n'akwụkwọ a nwere mmetụta dị mma na voltaji.
Mmetụta nke mgbanwe voltaji nke ịnya ụgbọ ala na envelopes beam x- na y-direction.
A edo magnetik ilekwasị anya ubi bụ a nkịtị na-adịgide adịgide magnet ilekwasị anya system.Due ka edo magnetik ubi nkesa ofụri doo ọwa, ọ bụ nnọọ adabara axisymmetric electron ibé.Na nkebi a, a edo magnetik ilekwasị anya usoro maka ịnọgide na-enwe ogologo nnyefe nke abụọ pensụl ibé bụ proposed.By nyochaa eme magnetik amụ na doo envelopu, na usoro imewe na-projecting nsogbu. nnyefe tiori nke otu pensụl beam18,19, na Brillouin magnetik uru bara nwere ike gbakọọ site nhata (2) .N'akwụkwọ a, anyị na-ejikwa nke a nhata na-atụle magnetik ubi nke a n'akụkụ ekesa abụọ pensụl beam.Na-ejikọta ya na egbe eletrọn e mere n'akwụkwọ a, gbakọọ magnetik uru bụ banyere 4000 Gs.According ka Ref.According.20, 1.5-2 ugboro a gbakọọ uru na-ahọrọkarị na atụmatụ bara uru.
Ọgụgụ 12 na-egosi Ọdịdị nke a edo magnetik field focusing field system.The blue part is the permanent magnetized magnetized in the axial direction.Material selection is NdFeB or FeCoNi.The remanence Br set in the simulation model is 1.3 T and the permeability is 1.05.In order to ensure the stable transfer of the beam in the axial direction, the first size Br set in the simulation model is 1.3 T and the permeability is 1.05.In order to ensure the stable transfer of the beam in the full 7 mm, the first size in the simulation model. ntụziaka na-ekpebi ma transverse magnetik n'ime oghere ọwa bụ edo, nke na-achọ na size na x direction enweghị ike ịbụ oke obere. N'otu oge ahụ, na-atụle na-eri na arọ nke dum tube, size nke magnet ekwesịghị ịbụ nke ukwuu. Ya mere, ndị ndọta na-mmalite ka 150 mm × 150 mm × 70 mm. Meanwhile na sekit ahụ na-etinye n'ebe dị anya, iji hụ na sekit ahụ na-elekwasị anya n'etiti usoro n'ebe dị anya, iji jide n'aka na a na-etinye ndọta n'ebe dị anya, iji jide n'aka na usoro ahụ dum na-eme ka ọ dị anya, iji jide n'aka na usoro ahụ na-eme ka ọ dị anya, iji jide n'aka na usoro ahụ na-eme ngwa ngwa, iji jide n'aka na usoro nhazi ahụ dị n'etiti nkwụsịtụ na-eme ka ọ dị ngwa. 20mm.
Na 2015, Purna Chandra Panda21 tụrụ aro a okporo osisi ibe na ọhụrụ steepụ oghere na a edo magnetik ilekwasị anya usoro, nke nwere ike n'ihu belata ịdị ukwuu nke flux leakage na cathode na transverse magnetik eme na osisi mpempe hole. N'akwụkwọ a, anyị na-agbakwunye a steepụ Ọdịdị na okporo osisi mpempe akwụkwọ nke pole na-elekwasị anya usoro. .5mm, ebe dị anya n'etiti oghere mkpirisi osisi bụ 2mm, dịka egosiri na foto 13.
Ọgụgụ 14a na-egosi na axial magnetik nkesa nkesa tinyere centerlines nke abụọ electron ibé.Ọ pụrụ ịhụ na ndọta ndị agha tinyere abụọ electron ibé bụ equal.The magnetik uru bara ihe dị ka 6000 Gs, nke bụ 1.5 ugboro theoretical Brillouin ubi na-amụba nnyefe na-elekwasị anya arụmọrụ. N'otu oge ahụ, na cathode mmetụta na-eme ka ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ na ọ na-eme ka ọkpụkpụ magnetik na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-eme ka ọkpụkpụ magnetik na-eme ka ọ dị mma. magnetik flux leakage.Figure 14b na-egosi transverse magnetik nkesa nkesa Site na z direction na elu nsọtụ nke abụọ electron ibé.It nwere ike hụrụ na transverse magnetik ubi bụ ihe na-erughị 200 Gs naanị na okporo osisi mpempe oghere, mgbe na nwayọọ-ebili mmiri circuit, na transverse magnetik ubi bụ fọrọ nke nta efu, nke na-egosi na sable mmetụta nke magnetik poam bụ ihe na-erughị 200 Gs. le iberibe, ọ dị mkpa na-amụ ihe ndọta ike n'ime okporo osisi iberibe. Figure 14c na-egosi na zuru oke uru nke magnetik nkesa n'ime osisi ibe.Ọ pụrụ ịhụ na zuru okè uru nke magnetik ike bụ ihe na-erughị 1.2T, na-egosi na magnetik saturation nke osisi ibe agaghị eme.
Ike nkesa magnetik maka Br = 1.3 T. (a) Axial ubi nkesa.(b) N'akụkụ nkesa nkesa site na z direction.(c) Uru zuru oke nke nkesa ubi n'ime ogwe osisi.
Dabere na modul CST PS, a na-emezi ọnọdụ ikwu axial nke egbe beam abụọ na usoro na-elekwasị anya. Dị ka Ref.9 na simulations, ezigbo ebe bụ ebe anode ibe overlaps na osisi ibe pụọ na magnet. Otú ọ dị, ọ chọpụtara na ọ bụrụ na remanence e atọrọ 1.3T, transmittance nke electron doo apụghị iru 99% .Site na-amụba remanence na 1.4 T, na-elekwasị anya magnetik ubi ga-amụba na 6.riest on Gyoz traject traktị na-egosi na traktị 6500 na-eme ihe nkiri. 15. Enwere ike ịhụ na osisi ahụ nwere nnyefe dị mma, obere mgbanwe, na ebe nnyefe karịrị 45mm.
Trajectories nke abụọ pensụl ibé n'okpuru a homogeneous magnetik usoro na Br = 1.4 T.(a) xoz ụgbọ elu.(b) yoz ugbo elu.
Ọnụ ọgụgụ 16 na-egosi akụkụ nke akụkụ nke oghere dị iche iche site na cathode. Enwere ike ịhụ na a na-echekwa ọdịdị nke akụkụ nke oghere na usoro ntinye anya nke ọma, na dayameta nke ngalaba anaghị agbanwe nke ukwuu. Nsonaazụ na-egosi na ihe dị ugbu a bụ ihe dịka 2 × 80 mA, nke kwekọrọ na uru a gbakọrọ na nhazi egbe eletrọn.
Igwe obe eletrọnịnụ (ya na sistemụ na-elekwasị anya) n'ọnọdụ dị iche iche pụọ na cathode.
N'ịtụle usoro nsogbu dị ka njehie mgbakọ, mgbanwe voltaji, na mgbanwe na ike magnetik na ngwa nhazi nke bara uru, ọ dị mkpa iji nyochaa nlezianya nke usoro a na-elekwasị anya. N'ihi na e nwere ọdịiche dị n'etiti mpempe anode na ogwe osisi na nhazi n'ezie, ọdịiche a kwesịrị ka edobe ya na simulation. Akwụsịghị uru ọdịiche dị na 0.2 mm na ihe atụ nke na-egosi na ọ dị ugbu a na-egosi mgbanwe nke amve na n'ime elekere 19. envelopu beam abụghị ihe dị ịrịba ama na ọkụ ọkụ ugbu a adịghị agbanwe agbanwe. Ya mere, usoro ahụ adịghị emetụ n'ahụ na njehie mgbakọ. Maka mgbanwe nke voltaji na-anya ụgbọ ala, a na-esetịpụ ihe mgbagwoju anya na ± 0.5 kV. Ọnụ ọgụgụ 19b na-egosi nsonaazụ ntụnyere. Enwere ike ịhụ na mgbanwe voltaji na-enwe mmetụta dị nta na envelopu beam. A na-egosi nkwụsịtụ njehie02 na-adabere na T +0. 20.Ọ nwere ike ịhụ na envelopu beam adịghị agbanwe agbanwe, nke pụtara na EOS dum enweghị mmetụta maka mgbanwe na ike ndọta.
Envelopu beam na nsonaazụ dị ugbu a n'okpuru sistemu ndọta n'otu.(a) nnabata ọgbakọ bụ 0.2 mm.
Envelopu beam n'okpuru otu sistemụ ndọta anya magnetik nwere mgbanwe ike ndọta axial sitere na 0.63 ruo 0.68 T.
Iji hụ na usoro nlebara anya nke e mere n'akwụkwọ a nwere ike dakọtara na HFS, ọ dị mkpa ijikọta usoro na-elekwasị anya na HFS maka nyocha.Ngosipụta 21 na-egosi ntụnyere nke envelopes beam na na-enweghị HFS loaded.Nsonaazụ na-egosi na envelopu osisi anaghị agbanwe nke ukwuu mgbe HFS dum na-ebu.
Iji chọpụta izi ezi nke EOS tụrụ aro na Nkebi nke III ma nyochaa arụmọrụ nke 220 GHz SDV-TWT, a na-eme ihe ngosi 3D-PIC nke mmekọrịta beam-wave. 31mm, otu ihe ahụ dị ka égbè eletrọn ahụ e mere n'elu. N'ihi enweghị uche na nkwụsi ike dị mma nke EOS, a na-eme ka voltaji na-anya ụgbọ ala nke ọma na-eme ka ọ dịkwuo mma iji nweta ike mmepụta kacha mma na simulation PIC. Ihe simulation na-egosi na enwere ike nweta ikike mmepụta nke jupụtara na 20.6 kV, ọkụ ọkụ nke ugbu a nke 2 × 03 / 03 mA / W / W.
Iji nweta akara ngosi mmepụta kachasị mma, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke usoro cycles dịkwa mkpa ka a na-eme ka ọ dịkwuo mma. A na-enweta ike mmepụta kachasị mma mgbe ọnụ ọgụgụ nke abụọ bụ 42 + 48 cycles, dị ka e gosiri na Figure 22a.A 0.05 W ntinye akara ngosi na-abawanye na 314 W na uru nke 38 dB. The mmepụta ike spectrum enwetara site Fast Fourier 2. b na-egosi nkesa axial nke ike electron na SWS, na ọtụtụ n'ime electrons na-efunahụ ike. Nke a na-egosi na SDV-SWS nwere ike gbanwee ike nke electrons ka ọ bụrụ akara RF, si otú ahụ na-achọpụta mmụba mgbaàmà.
SDV-SWS mmepụta mgbama na 220 GHz.(a) Ike mmepụta na gụnyere ụdịdị dị iche iche.(b) Ike nkesa electrons na eletrọn doo na njedebe nke SWS inset.
Ọgụgụ 23 na-egosi mmepụta ike bandwit na uru nke a dual-mode dual-beam SDV-TWT.Output arụmọrụ nwere ike n'ihu mma site na-ekpochapụ frequencies si 200 ka 275 GHz na optimizing mbanye voltaji. Nke a pụta na-egosi na 3-dB bandwit nwere ike na-ekpuchi 205 ka 275 GHz-arụ ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ nke ukwuu.
Otú ọ dị, dị ka Fig. 2a, anyị maara na e nwere nkwụsị nkwụsị n'etiti ndị na-adịghị mma na ọbụna ụdịdị, nke nwere ike iduga oscillation na-achọghị.Ya mere, nkwụsi ike na-arụ ọrụ gburugburu nkwụsị kwesịrị ka a mụọ ya. N'ihe atụ 24a-c bụ 20 ns simulation results na 265.3 GHz, 265.325 GHz, nkwanye ùgwù nwere ike ịhụ, na 5GHz. nwere mgbanwe ụfọdụ, ike mmepụta dị ntakịrị. A na-egosipụtakwa ụdịdị dị iche iche na Figure 24 n'otu n'otu, ụdị dị iche iche dị ọcha. Ihe ndị a na-egosi na ọ dịghị oscillation onwe ya nso na nkwụsị.
Ịmepụta na nha dị mkpa iji nyochaa izi ezi nke HFS dum. N'akụkụ a, a na-emepụta HFS site na iji nkà na ụzụ kọmputa nke kọmputa (CNC) nke nwere dayameta ngwá ọrụ nke 0.1 mm na machining ziri ezi nke 10 μm. A na-enye ihe dị elu nke ikuku oxygen na-enweghị ikuku oxygen (OFHC) ọla kọpa. 20.00 mm na a elu nke 8.66 mm.Eight pin oghere na-ekesa gburugburu Ọdịdị.Figure 25b na-egosi Ọdịdị site scanning eletrọn microscopy (SEM) .The agụba nke a Ọdịdị na-uniformly emepụta na-enwe ezi elu roughness.Mgbe kpọmkwem nha, n'ozuzu machining njehie bụ ihe na-erughị 5%, na elu machining bụ ihe na-erughị 5%.
Ọgụgụ 26 na-egosi ntụnyere n'etiti n'ezie ule results na simulations nke nnyefe arụmọrụ.Port 1 na Port 2 na Figure 26a kwekọrọ na ntinye na mmepụta ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri nke HFS, n'otu n'otu, na bụ Ẹkot Port 1 na Port 4 na Figure 3. The n'ezie nha results nke S11 bụ ubé mma karịa simulation results. N'otu oge ahụ, ihe mere e ji tụọ simulation nwere ike ịbụ ntakịrị ihe na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-eme ka a na-eme ihe na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-eme ka ihe dị njọ nke S21. oke elu na elu roughness mgbe n'ezie machining bụ ogbenye.Overall, ndị tụrụ results bụ na ezi nkwekọrịta na simulation pụta, na nnyefe bandwit na-ezute chọrọ nke 70 GHz, nke verifies na ike na correctness nke tụrụ aro dual-mode SDV-TWT.Ya mere, jikọtara ya na n'ezie eke usoro na ule arụpụtaghị ihe, na ultra-advT a pụrụ iji subband-produced emebere na SDVT. usoro mmepụta na ngwa.
N'akwụkwọ a, a na-enye nkọwa zuru ezu nke nkesa nkesa 220 GHz dual-beam SDV-TWT. Nchikota nke abụọ-mode arụ ọrụ na abụọ-beam excitation na-eme ka bandwidth na-arụ ọrụ na ike mmepụta na-eme ka a na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe na oyi oyi iji nyochaa nhazi nke HFS dum.The n'ezie nha pụta bụ na ezi nkwekọrịta na simulation results.N'ihi na e mere abụọ-beam EOS, a nkpuchi ngalaba na akara electrodes ejirila ọnụ na-emepụta a abụọ pensụl beam.Under e mere edo na-elekwasị anya magnetik ubi, na electron doo nwere ike stably ebufe n'elu ogologo anya na ezi shape.In n'ọdịnihu, mmepụta na ule nke EOS ga-rụrụ, na nke dum imewe nke SDW ga-ebu T.T. na akwụkwọ a n'ụzọ zuru ezu na-ejikọta nkà na ụzụ nhazi ụgbọ elu nke tozuru okè ugbu a, na-egosikwa ike dị ukwuu na ihe ngosi arụmọrụ na nhazi na mgbakọ. N'ihi ya, akwụkwọ a kwenyere na usoro nhazi ahụ nwere ike ịghọ ọganihu mmepe nke ngwa eletriki igwe eletrik na terahertz band.
Ọtụtụ n'ime data raw na ụdị nyocha dị na ọmụmụ ihe a abanyela n'akwụkwọ a. Enwere ike nweta ozi ndị ọzọ dị mkpa site n'aka onye edemede kwekọrọ na arịrịọ ezi uche dị na ya.
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