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Nyocha nyocha nke ihe nlele mmiri nwere ọtụtụ ngwa na sayensị ndụ na nlekota gburugburu ebe obibi.N'ime ọrụ a, anyị emepụtala fotometer kọmpat na nke dị ọnụ ala dabere na metal waveguide capillaries (MCCs) maka mkpebi siri ike nke absorption.Enwere ike ịbawanye ụzọ anya anya nke ukwuu, yana ogologo oge karịa ogologo anụ ahụ nke MWC, n'ihi na ọkụ gbasasịrị site na mgbidi metal dị larịị nwere ike ịdị n'ime capillary n'agbanyeghị akụkụ nke ihe kpatara ya.Enwere ike nweta nlebara anya dị ka 5.12 nM site na iji reagents chromogenic nkịtị n'ihi nkwalite ngwa anya ọhụụ na-abụghị nke linear yana mgbanwe nlele ngwa ngwa yana nchọpụta glucose.
A na-eji fotometry eme ihe maka nyocha nyocha nke ihe nlele mmiri n'ihi ụbara nke reagents chromogenic dị na ngwaọrụ optoelectronic semiconductor1,2,3,4,5.Tụnyere mkpebi nnabata nke dabere na cuvette ọdịnala, mmiri mmiri waveguide (LWC) capillaries na-egosipụta (TIR) ​​site na idobe ìhè nyocha n'ime capillary1,2,3,4,5.Otú ọ dị, na-enweghị ọganihu ọzọ, ụzọ anya anya dị nso na ogologo anụ ahụ nke LWC3.6, na ịba ụba ogologo LWC gafere 1.0 m ga-ata ahụhụ site na attenuation ọkụ siri ike na nnukwu ihe ize ndụ nke egosipụta, wdg 3, 7. N'ihe gbasara cell multi-reflection nke a na-atụ aro maka mmezi ụzọ anya, njedebe nchọpụta na-eme ka ọ dịkwuo mma site na ihe-8.5.5.
E nwere ụdị isi abụọ nke LWC ugbu a, ya bụ Teflon AF capillaries (nwere akara ngosi nke naanị ~ 1.3, nke dị ala karịa nke mmiri) na silica capillaries kpuchie na Teflon AF ma ọ bụ ihe nkiri metal1,3,4.Iji nweta TIR na interface dị n'etiti ihe dielectric, ihe ndị nwere ihe ntinye aka dị ala na akụkụ ọkụ dị elu dị mkpa 3,6,10.N'ihe gbasara Teflon AF capillaries, Teflon AF na-eku ume n'ihi nhazi ya na-adịghị mma3,11 ma nwee ike ịmịnye obere ihe na mmiri.N'ihi na quartz capillaries mkpuchi n'èzí na Teflon AF ma ọ bụ metal, refractive index nke quartz (1.45) dị elu karịa ọtụtụ mmiri mmiri samples (eg 1.33 maka mmiri) 3,6,12,13.Maka capillaries nke ejiri ihe nkiri metal kpuchie n'ime, a na-amụ ihe ndị na-ebugharị 14,15,16,17,18, ma usoro mkpuchi ahụ dị mgbagwoju anya, elu nke ihe nkiri ígwè ahụ nwere usoro siri ike na nke porous4,19.
Na mgbakwunye, LWC ndị azụmahịa (AF Teflon Coated Capillaries na AF Teflon Coated Silica Capillaries, World Precision Instruments, Inc.) nwere ụfọdụ ọghọm ndị ọzọ, dị ka: maka mmejọ..Nnukwu olu nwụrụ anwụ nke TIR3,10, (2) njikọ T (iji jikọọ capillaries, fibers, na inlet/outlet tubes) nwere ike ọnyà ikuku10.
N'otu oge ahụ, mkpebi siri ike nke ọkwa glucose dị oke mkpa maka nchọpụta ọrịa shuga, imeju imeju na ọrịa uche20.na ọtụtụ ụzọ nchọpụta dị ka photometry (gụnyere spectrophotometry 21, 22, 23, 24, 25 na colorimetry na akwụkwọ 26, 27, 28), galvanometry 29, 30, 31, fluorometry 32, 33, 34, 35, opikal polari 34, 35, optic polari.37, Fabry-Perot oghere 38, electrochemistry 39 na capillary electrophoresis 40,41 na na.Agbanyeghị, ọtụtụ n'ime ụzọ ndị a chọrọ akụrụngwa dị oke ọnụ, yana ịchọpụta glucose n'ọtụtụ ọnụọgụ nanomolar ka bụ ihe ịma aka (dịka ọmụmaatụ, maka nha fotometric21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, ọkwa glucose kacha ala).mmachi ahụ bụ naanị 30 nM mgbe ejiri nanoparticles na-acha anụnụ anụnụ Prussian dị ka peroxidase mimics).A na-achọkarị nyocha glucose nke Nanomolar maka ọmụmụ ihe ọmụmụ cellular dị ka mgbochi nke prostate cancer prostate 42 na omume ndozi CO2 nke Prochlorococcus na oke osimiri.
N'edemede a, kọmpat, fotometer dị ọnụ ala dabere na capillary metal waveguide capillary (MWC), SUS316L igwe anaghị agba nchara nke nwere elu dị n'ime electropolished, ka emepụtara maka mkpebi mmịpụta ultrasensitive.Ebe ọ bụ na ọkụ nwere ike ọnyà n'ime capillaries ígwè n'agbanyeghị akụkụ nke ihe kpatara ya, ụzọ anya nwere ike ịba ụba nke ukwuu site na ịgbasa ọkụ n'elu corrugated na metal na-ebupụta, ma dị ogologo karịa ogologo anụ ahụ nke MWC.Na mgbakwunye, e mere njikọ T-njikọ dị mfe maka njikọ anya na ntinye mmiri / ntinye mmiri iji belata olu nwụrụ anwụ ma zere ọnyà afụ.Maka 7 cm MWC fotometer, a na-eme ka njedebe nchọpụta dị ihe dị ka ugboro 3000 ma e jiri ya tụnyere spectrophotometer azụmahịa nke nwere 1 cm cuvette n'ihi nkwalite ọhụrụ nke ụzọ anya anya na-enweghị ahịrị na mgbanwe nlele ngwa ngwa, yana enwere ike nweta mkpokọta nchọpụta glucose.naanị 5.12 nM na-eji reagents chromogenic nkịtị.
Dị ka egosiri na eserese 1, fotometer nke dabeere na MWC nwere MWC 7 cm ogologo nwere elu EP ọkwa electropolished dị n'ime, 505 nm LED nwere oghere, onye na-ahụ maka uru na-agbanwe agbanwe, na abụọ maka njikọ anya na ntinye mmiri.Ụzọ ọpụpụ.A na-eji valvụ ụzọ atọ jikọtara na pike inlet tube iji gbanwee ihe nlele na-abata.Peek tube dabara nke ọma megide efere quartz na MWC, ya mere a na-edobe olu nwụrụ anwụ na T-connector ka ọ dị ntakịrị, na-egbochi nke ọma ka ọnahụ ikuku ikuku.Tụkwasị na nke a, enwere ike ịme ka ọkụ na-ejikọta ọnụ na-adị mfe na nke ọma n'ime MWC site na T-piece quartz plate.
A na-ebute ihe ngosi ọkụ na mmiri mmiri n'ime MCC site na mpempe T, na ọkụ na-agafe na MCC na-enweta fotodetector.A na-ewebata ihe ngwọta na-abata nke ntụpọ ntụpọ ma ọ bụ oghere n'ime ICC site na valvụ ụzọ atọ.Dịka iwu Beer siri dị, enwere ike gbakọọ njupụta anya nke ihe nlele agba site na nha nha.1.10
ebe Vcolor na Vblank bụ ihe ngosi mmepụta nke fotodetector mgbe agba na ihe nlele oghere na-abanye na MCC, na Vdark bụ akara ngosi ndabere nke fotodetector mgbe agbanyụrụ LED.Mgbanwe na mgbama mmepụta ΔV = Vcolor-Vblank nwere ike tụọ site n'ịgbanwe nlele.Dị ka nha nha.Dị ka egosiri na eserese 1, ọ bụrụ na ΔV dị ntakịrị karịa Vblank-Vdark, mgbe ị na-eji atụmatụ mgbanwe nlele, obere mgbanwe na Vblank (dịka drift) nwere ike inwe mmetụta dị nta na uru AMWC.
Iji tụnyere arụmọrụ nke fotometer dabeere na MWC na cuvette dabeere spectrophotometer, a na-eji ihe ngwọta ink na-acha uhie uhie mee ihe dị ka ihe atụ agba n'ihi nkwụsi ike agba ya dị mma na ezigbo ntinye uche-absorbance linearity, DI H2O dị ka ihe nlele efu..Dị ka e gosiri na Tebụl 1, a kwadebere usoro ngwọta ink uhie site na usoro dilution usoro site na iji DI H2O dị ka ihe mgbaze.Achọpụtara nleba anya nke ihe nlele 1 (S1), agba uhie mbụ na-enweghị isi, ka 1.0.Na fig.Ọnụọgụ 2 na-egosi foto anya nke 11 ink ink red (S4 ruo S14) na ntinye uche (e depụtara na Tebụl 1) sitere na 8.0 × 10-3 (aka ekpe) ruo 8.2 × 10-10 (n'aka nri).
E gosipụtara nsonaazụ nha maka nlele 6 na fig.3 (a).A na-edobe isi ihe ngbanwe n'etiti ntụpọ ntụpọ na oghere na ọnụ ọgụgụ ahụ site na akụ abụọ "↔".Enwere ike ịhụ na voltaji mmepụta na-abawanye ngwa ngwa mgbe ị na-agbanwe site na agba agba gaa na oghere oghere na ntụgharị.Enwere ike nweta Vcolor, Vblank na ΔV kwekọrọ dị ka egosiri na foto a.
(a) Nsonaazụ maka nlele 6, (b) sample 9, (c) sample 13, na (d) sample 14 iji fotometer dabeere na MWC.
E gosipụtara nsonaazụ nha maka ihe atụ 9, 13, na 14 na fig.3 (b) (d), otu.Dị ka egosiri na eserese 3 (d), ΔV a tụrụ atụ bụ naanị 5 nV, nke fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ 3 ugboro uru mkpọtụ (2 nV).Obere ΔV siri ike ịmata ọdịiche dị na mkpọtụ.Ya mere, njedebe nke nchọta ruru ihe ntinye nke 8.2 × 10-10 (ihe atụ 14).Site n'enyemaka nke nha anya.1. Enwere ike ịgbakọ nnabata AMWC site na ụkpụrụ Vcolor, Vblank na Vdark tụrụ.Maka onye nyocha foto nwere uru nke 104 Vdark bụ -0.68 μV.A chịkọtara nsonaazụ nha maka nlele niile na Tebụl 1 ma enwere ike ịhụ ya n'ihe mgbakwunye.Dị ka egosiri na Tebụl 1, nnabata a na-ahụ na nnukwu mkpokọta saturates, yabụ enweghị ike iji spectrometers dabere na MWC tụọ nnabata karịa 3.7.
Maka ntụnyere, a na-ejikwa spectrophotometer tụọ ihe nrịbama ink na-acha uhie uhie na ihe nlele Acuvette a tụrụ atụ na-egosi na eserese 4. A na-enweta ụkpụrụ Acuvette na 505 nm (dị ka e gosiri na Tebụl 1) site n'ịtụ aka na akụkụ nke ihe atụ 10, 11, ma ọ bụ 12 (dị ka egosiri na ntinye).ka Fig. 4) dị ka ndabere.Dịka egosiri, oke nchọta ahụ ruru nleba anya nke 2.56 x 10-6 (ihe atụ 9) n'ihi na akụkụ nke nnabata nke ihe atụ 10, 11 na 12 enweghị ike ịmata ibe ha.Ya mere, mgbe ị na-eji fotometer nke dabeere na MWC, a na-eme ka njedebe nchọpụta dịkwuo mma site na 3125 ma e jiri ya tụnyere spectrophotometer nke dabeere na cuvette.
A na-egosi ntinye ntinye-ntụkwasị obi na Fig.5.Maka nha cuvette, nnabata ahụ dabara na ntinye ink n'ogologo ụzọ 1 cm.Ebe, maka nha dabere na MWC, a na-ahụ mmụba na-abụghị nke ahịrị na nnabata na obere mkpokọta.Dị ka iwu Beer si kwuo, nnabata dị nhata na ogologo ụzọ anya, ya mere uru absorption AEF (akọwapụtara dị ka AEF = AMWC / Acuvette n'otu ntinye ink) bụ oke nke MWC na ogologo ụzọ anya nke cuvette.Dị ka e gosiri na foto 5, na nnukwu mkpokọta, AEF na-adịgide adịgide dị gburugburu 7.0, nke bụ ihe ezi uche dị na ya ebe ọ bụ na ogologo MWC bụ kpọmkwem 7 ugboro n'ogologo nke 1 cm cuvette. Otú ọ dị, na ntinye uche dị ala (ntụkwasị obi metụtara <1.28 × 10-5), AEF na-abawanye na ntinye uche na-ebelata ma ga-erute uru nke 803 na ntinye aka metụtara nke 8.2 × 10-10 site n'iwepụ usoro nke nha dabere na cuvette. Otú ọ dị, na ntinye uche dị ala (ntụkwasị obi metụtara <1.28 × 10-5), AEF na-abawanye na ntinye uche na-ebelata ma ga-erute uru nke 803 na ntinye aka metụtara nke 8.2 × 10-10 site n'iwepụ usoro nke nha dabere na cuvette. Однако при низких концентрациях (относительная концентрация <1,28 × 10–5) AEF увеличивается с уменьшение гать значения 803 при относительныy kontsentratsiy 8,2 × 10–10 ma ọ bụ ihe eji eme ihe. Otú ọ dị, na ntinye uche dị ala (ntụgharị uche <1.28 × 10-5), AEF na-abawanye na ntinye uche na-ebelata ma nwee ike iru uru nke 803 na ntinye uche nke 8.2 × 10-10 mgbe a na-ewepụ ya site na nhazi nha dabere na cuvette.然而，在低浓度（相关浓度<1.28 × 10-5量曲线，在相关浓度为8.2 × 10-10 时将达到803 的值。在 低 浓度 （相关 浓度 <1.28 × 10-5） ， AEF 随着 的 降低测量 曲线 ， 在 浓度 为 8.2 × 10-10 时 达到 达到 达到 ОднаKO при низkyh kontsentratsiyah (relevantnыe konntsentracies < 1,28 × 10-5) раполяции кривой измерения на основе кюветы она достигает значения относительной концентраци 8,2 × 103-10. Otú ọ dị, na ntinye uche dị ala (ntụgharị uche dị mkpa <1.28 × 10-5) AED na-abawanye na ntinye uche na-ebelata, na mgbe a na-ewepụ ya site na nhazi nha nke cuvette, ọ na-erute uru ntinye uche nke 8.2 × 10-10 803.Nke a na-ebute ụzọ anya anya kwekọrọ na 803 cm (AEF × 1 cm), nke dị ogologo karịa ogologo anụ ahụ nke MWC, na ọbụna ogologo karịa LWC kachasị ogologo oge azụmahịa (500 cm si World Precision Instruments, Inc.).Doko Engineering LLC nwere ogologo 200 cm).Nke a na-abụghị linear abawanye na absorption na LWC enwebeghị akụkọ mbụ.
Na fig.6 (a) - (c) gosi ihe onyonyo anya, ihe onyonyo microscope, na ihe nleba anya profaịlụ nke elu ime nke ngalaba MWC, n'otu n'otu.Dị ka e gosiri na fig.6 (a), elu ime ya na-egbuke egbuke ma na-egbuke egbuke, nwere ike igosi ìhè a na-ahụ anya, ma na-egosipụta nke ọma.Dị ka e gosiri na fig.6 (b), n'ihi nrụrụ na ọdịdị kristal nke metal, obere mesas na ihe na-adịghị mma na-apụta n'elu ala dị nro. N'ihi obere mpaghara (<5 μm × 5 μm), ihe siri ike nke ọtụtụ elu na-erughị 1.2 nm (Fig 6 (c)). N'ile anya na obere mpaghara (<5 μm × 5 μm), ihe siri ike nke ọtụtụ elu na-erughị 1.2 nm (Fig 6 (c)). Ввиду малой площади (<5 мкм×5 мкм) шероховатость большей части поверхности составляет менее 1,2 6 . N'ihi obere mpaghara (<5 µm × 5 µm), ihe siri ike nke ọtụtụ n'ime elu bụ ihe na-erughị 1.2 nm (Fig 6 (c)).考虑到小面积（<5 μm×5 μm），大多数表面的粗糙度小于1.2 nm（图6（c））。考虑到小面积（<5 μm×5 μm），大多数表面的粗糙度小于1.2 nm（图6（c））。 Учитывая небольшую площадь (<5 мкм × 5 мкм), шероховатость большинства поверхностей составляет 1,2 (6). N'ịtụle obere mpaghara (<5 µm × 5 µm), adịghị ike nke ọtụtụ n'elu na-erughị 1.2 nm (Fig 6 (c)).
(a) Onyonyo anya, (b) onyonyo microscope, na (c) onyonyo anya nke elu ime nke MWC ịkpụ.
Dị ka e gosiri na fig.7 (a), ụzọ anya anya LOP na capillary na-ekpebi site n'akuku nke θ (LOP = LC / sinθ, ebe LC bụ ogologo anụ ahụ nke capillary).Maka Teflon AF capillaries jupụtara na DI H2O, akụkụ nke ọnọdụ ga-adị ukwuu karịa akụkụ dị egwu nke 77.8 °, ya mere LOP na-erughị 1.02 × LC na-enweghị ọganihu ọzọ3.6.Ebe, na MWC, ihe mgbochi nke ìhè n'ime capillary na-adabere na ntugharị refractive ma ọ bụ akụkụ nke ihe omume, ya mere ka akụkụ nke mmetụta na-ebelata, ụzọ ọkụ nwere ike ịdị ogologo karịa ogologo ogologo nke capillary (LOP »LC).Dị ka e gosiri na fig.7 (b), elu igwe corrugated nwere ike ime ka ọkụ gbasaa, nke nwere ike ịbawanye ụzọ anya anya.
Ya mere, e nwere ụzọ ọkụ abụọ maka MWC: ìhè ọkụ na-enweghị ntụgharị (LOP = LC) na ìhè sawtooth nwere ọtụtụ ntụgharị n'etiti mgbidi n'akụkụ (LOP »LC).Dị ka iwu Beer si kwuo, ike nke ọkụ na-ebufe kpọmkwem na zigzag nwere ike igosipụta dị ka PS × exp (-α × LC) na PZ × exp (-α × LOP) n'otu n'otu, ebe α na-adịgide adịgide bụ ọnụọgụ absorption, nke dabere kpamkpam na ntinye ink.
Maka ink dị elu (dịka ọmụmaatụ, ntinye aka metụtara> 1.28 × 10-5), ọkụ zigzag na-ebelata nke ukwuu na ike ya dị ntakịrị karịa nke ọkụ kwụ ọtọ, n'ihi nnukwu absorption-coefficient na ogologo ụzọ anya anya. Maka ink dị elu (dịka ọmụmaatụ, ntinye aka metụtara> 1.28 × 10-5), ọkụ zigzag na-ebelata nke ukwuu na ike ya dị ntakịrị karịa nke ọkụ kwụ ọtọ, n'ihi nnukwu absorption-coefficient na ụzọ anya anya dị ogologo. Для чернил с высокой концентрацией (например, относительная концентрация > 1,28 × 10-5) о интенсивность намного ниже, чем у прямого света, го излучения. Maka ink itinye uche dị elu (dịka ọmụmaatụ ntinye uche> 1.28×10-5), ọkụ zigzag na-ebelata nke ukwuu yana ike ya dị ntakịrị karịa nke ìhè kpọmkwem n'ihi nnukwu ọnụọgụ absorption na ogologo oge ngwa anya.egwu.对于高浓度墨水（例如，相关浓度>1.28×10-5），Z字形光衰减很大，其强度远。收系数大，光学时间更长。对于 高浓度 墨水 （例如 ， 浓度 浓度> 1.28 × 10-5） ， z这 是 吸收 系数 大 光学 时间 更。Для чернил с высокой концентрацией (например, релевантные концентраци > 1,28×10-5) и его интенсивность намного ниже, чему прямого света го времени. Maka ink itinye uche dị elu (dịka ọmụmaatụ, ntinye dị mkpa> 1.28 × 10-5), ọkụ zigzag na-ebelata nke ukwuu yana ike ya dị ala karịa nke ọkụ ozugbo n'ihi nnukwu ọnụọgụ nnabata yana ogologo oge anya.obere okporo ụzọ.Ya mere, ọkụ ọkụ na-achịkwa mkpebi nke nnabata (LOP = LC) na AEF nọgidere na-adị na ~ 7.0. N'ụzọ dị iche, mgbe absorption-Coefficient na-ebelata site na ibelata ntinye ink (dịka ọmụmaatụ, ntinye aka metụtara <1.28 × 10-5), ike nke ọkụ zigzag na-abawanye ngwa ngwa karịa nke ọkụ kwụ ọtọ wee zigzag-ìhè na-amalite ịrụ ọrụ dị mkpa karị. N'ụzọ dị iche, mgbe absorption-Coefficient na-ebelata site na ibelata ntinye ink (dịka ọmụmaatụ, ntinye aka metụtara <1.28 × 10-5), ike nke ọkụ zigzag na-abawanye ngwa ngwa karịa nke ọkụ kwụ ọtọ wee zigzag-ìhè na-amalite ịrụ ọrụ dị mkpa karị. Напротив, когда коэффициент поглощения уменьшается. 1,28 × 10-5), интенсивность зигзагобразного света увеличиваеть sweet. N'ụzọ megidere nke ahụ, mgbe ọnụọgụ absorption na-ebelata site na mbelata ntinye ink (dịka ọmụmaatụ, ntinye uche nke <1.28 × 10-5), ike nke ọkụ zigzag na-abawanye ngwa ngwa karịa nke ọkụ ozugbo, mgbe ahụ zigzag ọkụ na-amalite igwu egwu.ọrụ dị mkpa karịa.相反，当吸收系数随着墨水浓度的降低而降低时（例如，相关浓度<1.28×10-5）剅剢剢剢剢剢剢剢剢剢剢剢剢剢剢剢剢剢剢剢剢剢剢剢弦弦弦弦剢剢剢剢剢剢剢剢剢剢剢弦弦弦弦弦弦弦剢前弦弦弦弦弦剢弦弦弦反反，相反。增加得更快，然后Z字形光开始发挥作用一个更重要的角色。当 吸收 系数 随着 墨水 的 降低 而 降低形光 的 强度 比 增加 得 更更 HI的角色. И наоборот, когда коэффициент поглощения уменьшается. рация <1,28×10-5), интенсивность зигзагообразного грать более важную роль. N'aka nke ọzọ, mgbe ọnụọgụ absorption na-ebelata site na ibelata ntinye ink (dịka ọmụmaatụ, ntinye kwekọrọ na <1.28 × 10-5), ike ọkụ zigzag na-abawanye ngwa ngwa karịa ọkụ ọkụ, mgbe ahụ, ọkụ zigzag na-amalite ịrụ ọrụ dị mkpa karị.agwa agwa.Ya mere, n'ihi sawtooth ngwa anya ụzọ (LOP »LC), na AEF nwere ike na-abawanye karịa 7.0.Enwere ike nweta njirimara nnyefe ọkụ ziri ezi nke MWC site na iji tiori ọnọdụ waveguide.
Na mgbakwunye na imeziwanye ụzọ ngwa anya, mgbanwe nlele ngwa ngwa na-enyekwa aka na oke nchọpụta dị ala.N'ihi obere olu nke MCC (0.16 ml), oge achọrọ iji gbanwee ma gbanwee ngwọta na MCC nwere ike ịbụ ihe na-erughị 20 sekọnd.Dị ka egosiri na eserese 5, uru kacha nta nke AMWC (2.5 × 10-4) dị ala karịa nke Acuvette (1.0 × 10-3).Mgbanwe ngwa ngwa nke ngwọta na-asọ asọ na capillary na-ebelata mmetụta nke ụda usoro (dịka drift) na izi ezi nke ihe dị iche iche nke nnabata ma e jiri ya tụnyere ngwọta njide na cuvette.Dịka ọmụmaatụ, dịka egosiri na fig.3 (b) - (d), ΔV nwere ike ịmata ọdịiche dị n'ụzọ dị mfe site na mgbama na-ebugharị n'ihi ngbanwe ngwa ngwa na obere olu olu.
Dị ka egosiri na Tebụl 2, a na-eji DI H2O dị ka ihe mgbaze akwadoro ọtụtụ ngwọta glucose dị iche iche.A na-akwadebe ihe nlele ndị nwere ntụpọ ma ọ bụ oghere site na ịgwakọta ngwọta glucose ma ọ bụ mmiri deionized na ngwọta chromogenic nke glucose oxidase (GOD) na peroxidase (POD) 37 na oke olu nke 3: 1, n'otu n'otu.Na fig.8 na-egosi foto anya nke ihe nlele itoolu nwere ntụpọ (S2-S10) nwere mkpokọta glucose sitere na 2.0 mM (aka ekpe) ruo 5.12 nM (n'aka nri).Acha ọbara ọbara na-ebelata site na mbelata mkpokọta glucose.
Nsonaazụ nke ihe nlele 4, 9 na 10 nwere fotometer dabere na MWC ka egosiri na fig.9 (a) (c), n'otu n'otu.Dị ka e gosiri na fig.9 (c), ΔV a tụrụ atụ na-aghọwanye nke kwụsiri ike ma jiri nwayọ na-abawanye n'oge nha ka agba nke GOD-POD reagent n'onwe ya (ọbụlagodi na-agbakwunyeghị glucose) jiri nwayọ na-agbanwe na ìhè.Ya mere, enweghị ike ịmegharị nha ΔV na-aga n'ihu maka ihe nlele nwere ntinye glucose na-erughị 5.12 nM (nlekọta 10), n'ihi na mgbe ΔV dị ntakịrị, enweghi ike ileghara nkwụsị nke GOD-POD reagent.Ya mere, njedebe nke nchọpụta maka ngwọta glucose bụ 5.12 nM, ọ bụ ezie na uru ΔV kwekọrọ (0.52 µV) dị ukwuu karịa ụda mkpọtụ (0.03 µV), na-egosi na a ka nwere ike ịchọta obere ΔV.Enwere ike imeziwanye oke nchọpụta a site na iji reagents chromogenic kwụsiri ike.
(a) Nsonaazụ maka nlele 4, (b) nlele 9, na (c) nlele 10 site na iji fotometer dabere na MWC.
Enwere ike ịgbakọ nnabata AMWC site na iji ụkpụrụ Vcolor, Vblank na Vdark tụrụ atụ.Maka onye nyocha foto nwere uru nke 105 Vdark bụ -0.068 μV.Enwere ike ịtọ nha maka nlele niile n'ihe mgbakwunye.Maka ntụnyere, a na-ejikwa spectrophotometer tụọ ihe nlele glucose yana nnabata a tụrụ atụ nke Acuvette ruru njedebe nchọpụta nke 0.64 µM (ihe nlele 7) dị ka egosiri na eserese 10.
A na-egosi mmekọrịta dị n'etiti ntinye na ntinye uche na Figure 11. Site na fotometer nke dabeere na MWC, a na-enweta nkwalite 125 ugboro ugboro na njedebe nchọpụta ma e jiri ya tụnyere cuvette dabeere spectrophotometer.Ọganihu a dị ala karịa nyocha ink uhie n'ihi nkwụsi ike na-adịghị mma nke GOD-POD reagent.A hụkwara mmụba na-abụghị nke ahịrị na nnabata na obere mkpokọta.
Emepụtala fotometer nke dabere na MWC maka nchọpụta nwere mmetụta nke ihe nlele mmiri.Enwere ike ịbawanye ụzọ anya anya nke ukwuu, yana ogologo oge karịa ogologo anụ ahụ nke MWC, n'ihi na ọkụ gbasasịrị site na mgbidi metal dị larịị nwere ike ịdị n'ime capillary n'agbanyeghị akụkụ nke ihe kpatara ya.Enwere ike nweta nlebara anya dị ka 5.12 nM site na iji reagents GOD-POD na-ekele maka nkwalite ngwa anya ọhụụ na-enweghị ahịrị na mgbanwe nlele ngwa ngwa na nchọpụta glucose.A ga-eji fotometer kọmpat na nke dị ọnụ ala mee ihe na sayensị ndụ na nlekota gburugburu ebe obibi maka nyocha ihe.
Dị ka egosiri na eserese 1, fotometer nke dabeere na MWC nwere 7 cm ogologo MWC (dayameta n'ime 1.7 mm, elu elu 3.18 mm, EP class electropolished inner surface, SUS316L igwe anaghị agba nchara capillary), a 505 nm wavelength LED (Thorlabs M505F1), na-agbasa foto DB (Thorlabs M505F1), na ihe dị ka ogo DBV. 450C) na T-njikọ abụọ maka nkwurịta okwu anya na mmiri mmiri banye / pụta.A na-eme njikọ T-njikọ site na ijikọta efere quartz transperent na tube PMMA nke a na-etinye na MWC na Peek tubes (0.72 mm ID, 1.6 mm OD, Vici Valco Corp.) nke ọma ma tinye ya.A na-eji valvụ ụzọ atọ jikọtara na pike inlet tube iji gbanwee ihe nlele na-abata.Onye na-ahụ maka foto nwere ike gbanwee ike anya anya P natara n'ime mgbama voltaji dị elu N × V (ebe V / P = 1.0 V / W na 1550 nm, uru N nwere ike iji aka dozie ya na nso 103-107).Maka nkenke, a na-eji V kama N×V dị ka mgbama mmepụta.
N'iji ya tụnyere, a na-ejikwa spectrophotometer azụmahịa (Agilent Technologies Cary 300 series with R928 High Efficiency Photomultiplier) nwere cell cuvette 1.0 cm iji tụọ nnabata nke ihe nlele mmiri.
A na-enyocha elu dị n'ime MWC site na iji ihe ngosi elu anya (ZYGO New View 5022) nwere mkpebi kwụ ọtọ na mpụta nke 0.1 nm na 0.11 µm, n'otu n'otu.
All kemịkalụ (analytical ọkwa, ọ dịghị ọzọ ọcha) e zụtara si Sichuan Chuangke Biotechnology Co., Ltd. Glucose ule ngwa gụnyere glucose oxidase (CHINEKE), peroxidase (POD), 4-aminoantipyrine na phenol, wdg The chromogenic ngwọta a kwadebere site na-emebu CHINEKE-POD 37 usoro.
Dị ka egosiri na Tebụl 2, a na-eji DI H2O mee ihe dị iche iche nke ngwọta glucose n'ọtụtụ dị iche iche dị ka ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ site na iji usoro dilution usoro (lee ihe mgbakwunye maka nkọwa).Kwadebe ihe nlele nwere ntụpọ ma ọ bụ oghere site na ịgwakọta ngwọta glukos ma ọ bụ mmiri deionized na ngwọta chromogenic n'ogo oke nke 3:1, n'otu n'otu.A na-echekwa ihe nlele niile na 37 Celsius C na-echebe site na ìhè maka nkeji 10 tupu a tụọ ya.N'ime usoro GOD-POD, ihe nlele ndị nwere ntụpọ na-acha ọbara ọbara na oke nnabata na 505 nm, nnabata ahụ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ nha nha glucose.
Dị ka e gosiri na Tebụl 1, usoro ngwọta ink na-acha uhie uhie (Ostrich Ink Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China) kwadebere site na usoro dilution usoro iji DI H2O dị ka ihe mgbaze.
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Ellis, PS, Lyddy-Meaney, AJ, Worsfold, PJ & McKelvie, ID Multi-reflection photometric eruba cell maka ojiji na eruba injection nyocha nke estuarine mmiri. Ellis, PS, Lyddy-Meaney, AJ, Worsfold, PJ & McKelvie, ID Multi-reflection photometric eruba cell maka ojiji na eruba injection nyocha nke estuarine mmiri.Ellis, PS, Liddy-Minnie, AJ, Worsfold, PJ na McKelvey, ID A multi-reflectance photometric flow cell maka ojiji na eruba analysis nke estuarine mmiri. Ellis, PS, Lyddy-Meaney, AJ, Worsfold, PJ & McKelvie, ID 多反射光度流动池，用于河口水域的流动注入分析。 Ellis, PS, Lyddy-Meaney, AJ, Worsfold, PJ & McKelvie, ID.Ellis, PS, Liddy-Minnie, AJ, Worsfold, PJ na McKelvey, ID A multi-reflectance photometric flow cell for flow injection analysis in estuarine waters.ike Chim.Acta 499, 81-89 (2003).
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Zhang, J.-Z.Mee ka nghọta nke nyocha ịgba ntụtụ ọgwụ dịkwuo elu site na iji cell flow cell nwere ogologo ụzọ anya anya maka nchọpụta spectrophotometric.ike.sayensị.22, 57–60 (2006).
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