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Mu pepalali, 220GHz burodibandi yapamwamba yamphamvu yolowera pawiri-blade yoyenda yoyenda chubu idapangidwa ndikutsimikiziridwa.Choyamba, pulani yapawiri-mtengo wotsamira pawiri-tsamba pang'onopang'ono imaperekedwa. Pogwiritsa ntchito njira yapawiri-mode yogwiritsira ntchito, ntchito yotumizira ndi bandwidth imakhala pafupifupi kuwirikiza kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri. Makina opangira magetsi opangidwa ndi pensulo amapangidwa, magetsi oyendetsa ndi 20 ~ 21 kV, ndipo pano ndi 2 × 80 mA. Design zolinga. Pogwiritsa ntchito gawo la chigoba ndikuwongolera ma elekitirodi mumfuti yawiri yamtengo, matabwa awiri a pensulo amatha kuyang'ana m'malo awo okhala ndi chiŵerengero cha psinjika 7, mtunda wokhazikika ndi 8.1 mtunda wokhazikika ndi 8.1 mm. The khola kufala mtunda wa planar awiri elekitironi mtengo angafikire 45 mm, ndi kuganizira maginito ndi 0.6 T, amene ndi okwanira kuphimba lonse mkulu pafupipafupi dongosolo (HFS) .Kenako, kutsimikizira magwiritsidwe ntchito ya dongosolo elekitironi-kuwala ndi ntchito ya pang'onopang'ono yoweyula dongosolo, tinthu selo (PIC) kayeseleledwe kayeseleledwe pa dongosolo lonse akhoza kukwaniritsa HFS. nsonga linanena bungwe mphamvu pafupifupi 310 W pa 220 GHz, wokometsedwa mtengo voteji ndi 20.6 kV, mtengo panopa ndi 2 × 80 mA, phindu ndi 38 dB, ndi 3-dB bandwidth kuposa 35 dB za 70 GHz. bandwidth ndi mawonekedwe opatsirana amagwirizana bwino ndi zotsatira zofananira.Chifukwa chake, chiwembu chomwe chikuperekedwa mu pepalali chikuyembekezeka kupanga ma radiation amphamvu kwambiri, ma ultra-broadband terahertz-band ma radiation omwe angathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito mtsogolo.
Monga chikhalidwe vacuum pakompyuta chipangizo, oyendayenda yoweyula chubu (TWT) amatenga gawo Irreplaceable mu ntchito zambiri monga mkulu-kusamvana radar, Kanema kulankhulana machitidwe, ndi danga kufufuza1,2,3. process.Chotero, mmene mwatsatanetsatane bwino ntchito ya THz gulu wakhala nkhani nkhawa kwambiri kwa mabungwe ambiri kafukufuku sayansi.M'zaka zaposachedwapa, buku wosakwiya yoweyula nyumba (SWSs), monga staggered wapawiri tsamba (SDV) nyumba ndi apangidwe apangidwe waveguide (FW), alandira chidwi kwambiri chifukwa cha chilengedwe chawo angathe kupanga planar SD-SWS, makamaka promisis ndi UC-Davis mu 20084. Mapulani a planar akhoza kupangidwa mosavuta ndi njira zazing'ono-nano processing njira monga makompyuta manambala kulamulira (CNC) ndi UV-LIGA, zonse zitsulo phukusi dongosolo angapereke lalikulu matenthedwe mphamvu ndi apamwamba linanena bungwe mphamvu ndi phindu, ndi mawonekedwe ngati waveguide angaperekenso lonse ntchito bandwidth. zotulutsa zamphamvu kwambiri zopitilira 100 W ndi pafupifupi 14 GHz bandwidth siginecha mu G-band5. Komabe, zotsatirazi zimakhalabe ndi mipata yomwe singakwaniritse zofunikira zokhudzana ndi mphamvu yayikulu komanso bandwidth yayikulu mu gulu la terahertz. Kupatsirana mtunda chifukwa cha kusakhazikika kwa pepala mtengo electron kuwala dongosolo (EOS), ndipo pali over-mode mtengo ngalande, amenenso kungachititse mtengo kudzilamulira. - Kusangalatsa ndi kugwedezeka kwa 6,7. Kuti akwaniritse zofunikira za mphamvu zotulutsa mphamvu, bandwidth yochuluka ndi kukhazikika kwabwino kwa THz TWT, SDV-SWS yokhala ndi maulendo awiri omwe ali ndi machitidwe apawiri akufotokozedwa mu pepala ili. Komanso ntchito.Single pensulo mawailesi ndi ang'onoang'ono chifukwa ofukula kukula zopinga.Ngati kachulukidwe panopa ndi mkulu kwambiri, mtengo panopa ayenera kuchepetsedwa, chifukwa ndi otsika linanena bungwe mphamvu.Kukonza mtengo panopa, planar anagawira multibeam EOS watulukira, amene amapezerapo mwayi lateral kukula kwa SWS. kukhalabe mkulu okwana mtengo panopa ndi ang'onoang'ono panopa pa mtengo, amene angapewe overmode mtengo tunneling poyerekeza pepala-mtengo zipangizo.Choncho, n'kopindulitsa kusunga bata woyendayenda yoweyula chubu. Pamaziko a ntchito yapita8,9, pepalali akufunsira G-gulu yunifolomu maginito maginito molunjika awiri pensulo EOS, amene angathe kwambiri kusintha mtunda wa stable ndi kupititsa patsogolo kupititsa patsogolo kufalikira kwa stable ndi kupititsa patsogolo mtunda wa stable. mphamvu yotulutsa.
Kapangidwe ka pepala ili ndi motere.Choyamba, mapangidwe a selo la SWS ndi magawo, kusanthula makhalidwe obalalika ndi zotsatira zofananitsa maulendo apamwamba akufotokozedwa.Kenako, malinga ndi kapangidwe ka selo la unit, pencil pencil EOS ndi dongosolo la mgwirizano wa matabwa apangidwa mu pepala ili.Intracellular particle kayeseleledwe zotsatira amaperekedwanso kuti atsimikizire magwiritsidwe ntchito a EOS, SDVs-TWW ntchito yachidule Papepala lozizira. zotsatira zoyeserera kuti zitsimikizire kulondola kwa HFS yonse.Pomaliza pangani chidule.
Monga chimodzi mwa zigawo zofunika kwambiri za TWT, katundu wa dispersive wa mawonekedwe oyenda pang'onopang'ono amasonyeza ngati liwiro la electron likufanana ndi liwiro la gawo la SWS, ndipo motero limakhala ndi chikoka chachikulu pa mgwirizano wa mphira-wave. cholembera mtengo, kapangidwe utenga awiri cholembera mtengo kupititsa patsogolo linanena bungwe mphamvu ndi kukhazikika ntchito. Pakalipano, pofuna kuonjezera bandwidth yogwira ntchito, njira yapawiri yaperekedwa kuti SWS igwire ntchito. Kuphatikizana, potero kupititsa patsogolo bandwidth yogwira ntchito.
Malingana ndi zofunikira za mphamvu, chubu chonsecho chimapangidwa ndi magetsi oyendetsa galimoto a 20 kV ndi magetsi awiri a 2 × 80 mA. Kuti mufanane ndi voteji momwe mungathere ndi bandwidth yogwiritsira ntchito SDV-SWS, tiyenera kuwerengera kutalika kwa nthawi p. Ubale pakati pa mtengo wamtengo wapatali ndi nthawi ukuwonetsedwa mu equation (1)10:
Pokhazikitsa kusintha kwa gawo ku 2.5π pakatikati pa 220 GHz, nthawi ya p ikhoza kuwerengedwa kuti ndi 0.46 mm. Chithunzi 2a chikuwonetsa kupezeka kwa selo la unit SWS. The 20 kV beamline ikufanana ndi bimodal curve bwino kwambiri.Kufananitsa pafupipafupi magulu akhoza kufika mozungulira 70 GHz - 530 GHz ndi 2. 265.4–280 GHz (ngakhale mode) ranges.Figure 2b amasonyeza avareji kugwirizana Impedans, amene ali wamkulu kuposa 0.6 Ω kuchokera 210 kuti 290 GHz, kusonyeza kuti amphamvu kuyanjana akhoza kuchitika mu bandiwifi ntchito.
(a) Makhalidwe obalalika a SDV-SWS yapawiri-mode yokhala ndi 20 kV electron beamline.
Komabe, nkofunika kuzindikira kuti pali kusiyana kwa gulu pakati pa zosamvetseka komanso ngakhale modes, ndipo nthawi zambiri timatchula kusiyana kwa gululi ngati gulu loyimitsa, monga momwe tawonetsera mu Chithunzi 2a. mawonekedwe a pang'onopang'ono ndi 0.1 GHz okha. Ndizovuta kudziwa ngati kusiyana kwa gulu laling'ono ili kumayambitsa oscillations.Choncho, kukhazikika kwa ntchito kuzungulira gulu loyimitsa kudzafufuzidwa mu gawo lotsatira la PIC lofananitsa kuti muwone ngati oscillations osafunika angachitike.
Chitsanzo cha HFS yonse ikuwonetsedwa mu Chithunzi 3. Imakhala ndi magawo awiri a SDV-SWS, ogwirizanitsidwa ndi Bragg reflectors.Ntchito ya reflector ndi kudula kufala kwa chizindikiro pakati pa magawo awiri, kupondereza oscillation ndi kuwonetsera kwa oscillation osagwira ntchito modes monga mkulu-dongosolo modes kwaiye pakati chapamwamba ndi kutsika masamba kwa chilengedwe chonse, ndi kugwirizana kwa chubu lonse, ndi kukhazikika kwa chubu lonse. linear tapered coupler imagwiritsidwanso ntchito kugwirizanitsa SWS ku WR-4 standard waveguide.Kupatsirana kwadongosolo la magawo awiri kumayesedwa ndi nthawi yowonongeka kwa nthawi mu pulogalamu ya 3D yofananitsa.Poganizira zotsatira zenizeni za gulu la terahertz pazinthuzo, zinthu za envelopu zowonongeka zimachepetsedwa poyamba kukhala zamkuwa, ndipo khalidwe la 1 × 222.
Chithunzi 4 chikuwonetsa zotsatira zopatsirana za HFS ndi komanso popanda linear tapered couplers.Zotsatira zikusonyeza kuti coupler ili ndi zotsatira zochepa pa ntchito yopatsira HFS yonse.Kutaya kubwerera (S11 < - 10 dB) ndi kutayika koyika (S21 > - 5 dB) ya dongosolo lonse mu 207 ~ 280 GHz kufalitsa kwa HFS yabwino.
Monga mphamvu yamagetsi amagetsi a vacuum, mfuti ya electron imatsimikizira mwachindunji ngati chipangizocho chikhoza kupanga mphamvu zokwanira zotulutsa mphamvu.Kuphatikizidwa ndi kusanthula kwa HFS mu Gawo II, EOS yapawiri-mtengo iyenera kupangidwa kuti ipereke mphamvu zokwanira. CHITH. 2, galimoto voteji Ua wa matabwa elekitironi poyamba anapereka 20 kV, mafunde I wa awiri elekitironi matabwa onse 80 mA, ndi m'mimba mwake dw wa matabwa elekitironi ndi 0.13 mm. Pa nthawi yomweyo, pofuna kuonetsetsa kuti kachulukidwe panopa la elekitironi mtengo ndi kukwaniritsa chiŵerengero cha ma elekitironi akhoza kukwaniritsa cathode. 7, kotero kachulukidwe wamakono a electron mtengo ndi 603 A / cm2, ndipo kachulukidwe kameneka ka cathode ndi 86 A / cm2, zomwe zingatheke ndi Izi zimatheka pogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zatsopano za cathode. Malingana ndi chiphunzitso cha 14, 15, 16, 17, mfuti yamtundu wa Pierce yodziwika bwino.
Chithunzi 5 chikuwonetsa zojambula zopingasa ndi zowongoka za mfutiyo, motsatana. Tingaone kuti mbiri ya mfuti ya electron mu x-direction ili pafupifupi yofanana ndi mfuti yamtundu wa electron, pamene y-direction matabwa awiri a electron amasiyanitsidwa pang'ono ndi maski = 5 mm = 5 mm = 5 mm = 5 mm = 5 mm 0 mm ndi x = 0.155 mm, y = 0 mm, motero. Malingana ndi zofunikira za mapangidwe a chiŵerengero cha kuponderezana ndi kukula kwa jekeseni wa ma elekitironi, miyeso ya malo awiri a cathode amatsimikiziridwa kukhala 0.91 mm × 0.13 mm.
Pofuna kuti gawo lamagetsi lamagetsi lomwe limalandiridwa ndi mtengo uliwonse wa electron mu x-direction symmetrical za likulu lake, pepala ili limagwiritsa ntchito electrode yolamulira kumfuti yamagetsi. tawona kuti ma elekitironi otulutsidwa ali ndi kuphatikizika kwabwino kwa y-direction, ndipo mtengo uliwonse wa elekitironi umasinthira ku x-kayendetsedwe kake komwe kamakhala kofanana, zomwe zikuwonetsa kuti ma elekitirodi owongolera amawongolera gawo lamagetsi losafanana lopangidwa ndi elekitirodi yolunjika.
Chithunzi 7 chikuwonetsa envulopu yamtengo mu njira za x ndi y. Zotsatira zimasonyeza kuti mtunda wowonetsera mtengo wa electron mu x-direction ndi wosiyana ndi womwe uli mu y-direction.Mtali woponyera mu x malangizo ndi pafupifupi 4mm, ndipo mtunda woponyera mu njira ya y uli pafupi ndi 7mm. Choncho, mtunda weniweni woponyera uyenera kusankhidwa pakati pa 8 mm electron. pa 4.6 mm kuchokera pamtunda wa cathode.Tikhoza kuona kuti mawonekedwe a gawo la mtanda ali pafupi kwambiri ndi mtengo wozungulira wozungulira wa electron. Mtunda pakati pa matabwa awiri a electron uli pafupi ndi 0,31 mm yomwe inapangidwira, ndipo utali wa 0,13 mm, womwe umakwaniritsa zofunikira za mapangidwe. ndi 80mA yopangidwa.
Poganizira kusinthasintha kwa magetsi oyendetsa galimoto muzogwiritsira ntchito, m'pofunika kuti muphunzire mphamvu ya voteji ya chitsanzo ichi. Mumtundu wa voltage wa 19.8 ~ 20.6 kV, ma envulopu amakono ndi amtengo wapatali amapezedwa, monga momwe tawonetsera pa Chithunzi 1 ndi Chithunzi 1.10 ndi 11. zimangosintha kuchokera ku 0,74 mpaka 0,78 A. Chifukwa chake, zikhoza kuganiziridwa kuti mfuti ya electron yopangidwa mu pepala ili imakhala ndi chidziwitso chabwino ku magetsi.
Zotsatira za kusinthasintha kwamagetsi pamagetsi a x- ndi y-direction maenvulopu.
Chifukwa cha yunifolomu maginito kugawa mu njira yamtengo wapatali, ndi yabwino kwambiri kwa axisymmetric ma elekitironi beams. Mu gawo ili, yunifolomu maginito kuganizira dongosolo kusunga mtunda wautali kufala kwa awiri pensulo matabwa a proposed. Malinga ndi chiphunzitso chokhazikika cha pensulo imodzi ya pensulo18,19, mtengo wa maginito wa Brillouin ukhoza kuwerengedwa ndi equation (2) . Mu pepala ili, timagwiritsanso ntchito kufanana kumeneku kuti tiyerekeze mphamvu ya maginito ya pensulo yogawidwa mozungulira. Ref. 20, 1.5-2 kuchulukitsa mtengo wowerengeka nthawi zambiri amasankhidwa muzojambula zenizeni.
Chithunzi 12 limasonyeza dongosolo la yunifolomu maginito kulunjika munda system.The buluu ndi okhazikika maginito maginito mu malangizo axial.Kusankha zinthu ndi NdFeB kapena FeCoNi.The remanence Br anapereka chitsanzo kayeseleledwe ndi 1.3 T ndi permeability ndi 1.05.Kuti kuonetsetsa kufala khola kwa mtengo, maginito 7 maginito kutalika kwa dera lonse. Komanso, kukula kwa maginito mu X malangizo amaona ngati yopingasa maginito mu njira mtengo ndi yunifolomu, zomwe zimafuna kuti kukula kwa x malangizo sangakhale ang'onoang'ono kwambiri. Pa nthawi yomweyo, kuganizira mtengo ndi kulemera kwa chubu lonse, kukula kwa maginito sayenera kukhala lalikulu kwambiri. Choncho, maginito poyamba anapereka kwa 150 mm × 150 mm dera lonse × 150 mm kuonetsetsa kuti pang'onopang'ono kuzungulira × 150 mm. akhoza kuikidwa mu dongosolo lolunjika, mtunda pakati pa maginito ndi 20mm.
Mu 2015, Purna Chandra Panda21 anakonza mzati ndi dzenje latsopano anaponda mu yunifolomu maginito kuganizira dongosolo, amene angathe kuchepetsa kukula kwa flux kutayikira kwa cathode ndi transverse maginito kwaiye pa mzawo dzenje. masitepe atatu ndi 0.5mm, ndipo mtunda wa pakati pa mabowo ndi 2mm, monga momwe chithunzi 13 chikusonyezera.
Chithunzi 14a limasonyeza axial maginito kugawa pamodzi centerlines awiri ma elekitironi mizati.It Tingaone kuti mphamvu maginito pamodzi ndi matabwa awiri elekitironi ndi ofanana.The maginito munda mtengo ndi za 6000 Gs, amene ndi 1.5 nthawi chiphunzitso Brillouin kumunda kuonjezera kufala ndi molunjika ntchito.Pa nthawi yomweyo, 0, maginito mzati ndi pafupifupi 000 m'munda wa maginito ali ndi maginito ndi maginito. Chithunzi cha 14b chikuwonetsa kufalikira kwa maginito ndi njira ya z pamphepete mwapamwamba pazitsulo ziwiri za elekitironi. Zitha kuwoneka kuti mphamvu ya maginito imakhala yosakwana 200 Gs pokhapokha pa dzenje lachitsulo, pamene mu dera lozungulira pang'onopang'ono, mphamvu ya maginito yodutsa imakhala pafupifupi ziro, zomwe zimatsimikizira kuti mphamvu ya maginito imakhala ndi zero. Kuti muteteze maginito a maginito a zidutswa zamtengo, m'pofunika kuti muphunzire mphamvu ya maginito mkati mwa zidutswa zamtengowo.
Kugawa kwamphamvu kwa maginito kwa Br = 1.3 T.(a) Axial field distribution.(b) Lateral field distribution By in the direction z.(c) Mtengo wokwanira wa kugawa kwamunda mkati mwa chidutswa cha pole.
Malingana ndi gawo la CST PS, malo a axial achibale a mfuti yamtundu wapawiri ndi dongosolo loyang'ana kwambiri ndilokonzedwa bwino.Malingana ndi Ref. 9 ndi kayeseleledwe, malo mulingo woyenera kwambiri ndi pamene anode chidutswa chimadutsa mzati chidutswa kutali maginito. ndege zikuwonetsedwa mu Chithunzi 15. Zitha kuwoneka kuti mtandawo uli ndi kufalikira kwabwino, kusinthasintha kochepa, ndi mtunda wotumizira wamkulu kuposa 45mm.
Mayendedwe a mizati ya mapensulo awiri pansi pa makina a maginito ofanana ndi Br = 1.4 T.(a) ndege ya xoz.(b) yoz ndege.
Chithunzi 16 chikuwonetsa mtanda wa mtanda pa malo osiyanasiyana kutali ndi cathode.Zitha kuwoneka kuti mawonekedwe a gawo la mtengo mu dongosolo loyang'ana bwino amasungidwa bwino, ndipo m'mimba mwake samasintha kwambiri.Chithunzi 17 chikuwonetsa ma envulopu amtengo mu x ndi y mayendedwe, motsatana.Zitha kuwoneka kuti kusinthasintha kwa mayendedwe ang'onoang'ono 8 njira yofananira. za mtengo wamakono.Zotsatirazi zikuwonetsa kuti zamakono zili pafupi ndi 2 × 80 mA, zomwe zimagwirizana ndi mtengo wowerengeka pakupanga mfuti ya electron.
Electron beam cross section (yokhala ndi dongosolo lolunjika) pamalo osiyanasiyana kutali ndi cathode.
Poganizira mndandanda wa mavuto monga zolakwa msonkhano, kusinthasintha voteji, ndi kusintha maginito mphamvu mu ntchito processing zothandiza, m'pofunika kusanthula tilinazo kuganizira dongosolo.Chifukwa pali kusiyana pakati pa chidutswa anode ndi mzati chidutswa mu processing kwenikweni, kusiyana uku kuyenera kukhazikitsidwa mu kayeseleledwe.The kusiyana mtengo anakhazikitsidwa kuti 0.2 mamilimita ndi envelopu panopa ndi kusonyeza kutsogolera.Chotsatirachi chikuwonetsa kuti kusintha kwa envelopu yamtengo wapatali sikofunikira ndipo mtengo wamakono susintha.Choncho, dongosololi silimakhudzidwa ndi zolakwika za msonkhano.Pakusinthasintha kwa magetsi oyendetsa galimoto, mtundu wolakwika umayikidwa ± 0.5 kV. chifukwa cha kusintha kwa mphamvu ya maginito.Zotsatira zofananitsa zikuwonetsedwa mu Chithunzi 20.Zitha kuwoneka kuti envelopu yamtengo wapatali sichimasintha, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti EOS yonse imakhala yosakhudzidwa ndi kusintha kwa mphamvu ya maginito.
Envelopu yamtengo wapatali ndi zotsatira zaposachedwa pansi pa dongosolo lofanana la maginito.(a) Kulekerera kwa Assembly ndi 0.2 mm.(b) Kusinthasintha kwa magetsi oyendetsa galimoto ndi ± 0.5 kV.
Envelopu yamtengo wapatali pansi pa yunifolomu ya maginito yolunjika ndi kusinthasintha kwa mphamvu ya axial magnetic field kuyambira 0.63 mpaka 0.68 T.
Pofuna kuonetsetsa kuti dongosolo loyang'ana lomwe lapangidwa mu pepalali likhoza kufanana ndi HFS, m'pofunika kugwirizanitsa dongosolo loyang'ana ndi HFS pa kafukufuku.Chithunzi 21 chikuwonetsa kufananitsa ma envulopu a matabwa ndi opanda HFS odzaza.
Kuti mutsimikizire kulondola kwa EOS yomwe ikufotokozedwa mu Gawo III ndikufufuza momwe 220 GHz SDV-TWT ikuyendera, kuyerekezera kwa 3D-PIC kwa mgwirizano wa mafunde amtundu wa 3D-PIC kumachitika. pamwamba pa 0.31mm, magawo ofanana ndi mfuti ya elekitironi yopangidwa pamwambapa.Chifukwa cha kusamva komanso kukhazikika kwabwino kwa EOS, magetsi oyendetsa galimoto amatha kukonzedwa bwino kuti akwaniritse mphamvu yabwino kwambiri ya PIC. 0.05W.
Kuti mupeze chizindikiro chabwino kwambiri, chiwerengero cha maulendo chiyeneranso kukonzedwa.Mphamvu yabwino kwambiri yotulutsa mphamvu imapezeka pamene chiwerengero cha magawo awiri ndi 42 + 48 cycles, monga momwe tawonetsera pa Chithunzi 22a.A 0.05 W chizindikiro cholowera chimakulitsidwa ku 314 W ndi kupindula kwa 38 dB. The output power spectrum ndi Fast2 Power spectrum (FastT power spectrum 2) GHz.Figure 22b ikuwonetsa kugawa kwa axial kwa mphamvu ya electron mu SWS, ndi ma electron ambiri kutaya mphamvu.Chotsatirachi chimasonyeza kuti SDV-SWS ikhoza kutembenuza mphamvu ya kinetic ya ma electron kukhala zizindikiro za RF, potero kuzindikira kukulitsa chizindikiro.
SDV-SWS yotulutsa chizindikiro pa 220 GHz. (a) Mphamvu yotulutsa ndi sipekitiramu yophatikizidwa. (b) Kugawa mphamvu kwa ma electron ndi mtengo wa electron kumapeto kwa SWS.
Chithunzi 23 chikuwonetsa bandwidth ya mphamvu yotuluka ndi kupindula kwa mayendedwe apawiri-mtengo wa SDV-TWT. Kutulutsa kumatha kupititsidwa patsogolo posesa ma frequency kuchokera ku 200 mpaka 275 GHz ndikukulitsa mphamvu yamagetsi.
Komabe, malinga ndi mkuyu 2a, tikudziwa kuti pali stop band pakati pa zosamvetseka ndi ngakhale modes, zomwe zingachititse oscillations zapathengo.Chotero, bata ntchito padziko maimidwe ayenera kuphunzira. zotsatira zofananira zimakhala ndi kusinthasintha kwina, mphamvu yotulutsa mphamvu imakhala yokhazikika.Zowonetseratu zikuwonetsedwanso mu Chithunzi 24 motsatira, mawonekedwewo ndi oyera.
Kupanga ndi kuyeza ndikofunikira kuti zitsimikizire kulondola kwa HFS yonse.Mu gawo ili, HFS imapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa manambala a kompyuta (CNC) wokhala ndi chida cha 0.1 mm ndi kulondola kwa makina a 10 μm. Zomwe zimapangidwira mawonekedwe apamwamba zimaperekedwa ndi mpweya wopanda mpweya wabwino (OFguHC) mawonekedwe onse okhala ndi mkuwa wa 25. 66.00 mm, m'lifupi mwake 20.00 mm ndi kutalika kwa 8.66 mm. Mabowo asanu ndi atatu amagawidwa mozungulira dongosololi. Chithunzi 25b chikuwonetsa kapangidwe kake pogwiritsa ntchito makina oonera ma electron microscopy (SEM) 0.4μm.Mapangidwe opangira makina amakwaniritsa zofunikira komanso zolondola.
Chithunzi 26 chikuwonetsa kufananitsa pakati pa zotsatira zenizeni zoyesera ndi kuyerekezera kwa ntchito yopatsirana.Port 1 ndi Port 2 mu Chithunzi 26a zimagwirizana ndi zolowetsa ndi zotuluka za HFS, motero, ndipo ndizofanana ndi Port 1 ndi Port 4 mu Chithunzi 3. Zotsatira zenizeni za kuyeza kwa S11 zimayesedwa bwino pang'ono kusiyana ndi nthawi yofananira, zotsatira za S21 zikhoza kukhala zochepa kwambiri. madulidwe azinthu zomwe zimayikidwa muzoyerekeza ndizokwera kwambiri komanso kuuma kwapamtunda pambuyo popanga makina enieni ndi osauka.Ponseponse, zotsatira zoyezera zimagwirizana bwino ndi zotsatira zofananira, ndipo bandwidth yotumizira imakwaniritsa zofunikira za 70 GHz, zomwe zimatsimikizira kuthekera ndi kulondola kwa njira yomwe akufuna SDV-TWT. Mapangidwe a SDV-TWT omwe aperekedwa m'mapepalawa angagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga ndi kuzigwiritsa ntchito.
Mu pepala ili, mwatsatanetsatane kamangidwe ka planar kugawa 220 GHz wapawiri mtengo SDV-TWT anapereka.Kuphatikizika wapawiri-mode ntchito ndi wapawiri-mtengo excitation kumawonjezera opareshoni bandiwifi ndi linanena bungwe power.The kupeka ndi ozizira mayeso ikuchitikanso kutsimikizira kulondola kwa HFS lonse. Pamapangidwe awiri a EOS, gawo lachigoba ndi maelekitirodi olamulira agwiritsidwa ntchito palimodzi kuti apange mtengo wa pensulo ziwiri. Pansi pa yunifolomu yopangidwa yoyang'ana mphamvu ya maginito, mtengo wa electron ukhoza kufalikira pamtunda wautali ndi mawonekedwe abwino. SDV-TWT kapangidwe chiwembu akufuna mu pepala ili mokwanira Chili okhwima panopa ndege processing luso, ndi kusonyeza kuthekera kwakukulu mu zizindikiro ntchito ndi processing ndi assembly.Chotero, pepalali amakhulupirira kuti dongosolo planar n'kutheka kwambiri kukhala mchitidwe chitukuko cha vacuum zipangizo zamagetsi mu gulu terahertz.
Zambiri zowonongeka ndi zitsanzo zowunikira mu phunziroli zaphatikizidwa mu pepalali.Zowonjezereka zowonjezereka zingapezeke kuchokera kwa wolemba yemwe akugwirizana nazo pa pempho loyenera.
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