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Microbial corrosion (MIC) ndi vuto lalikulu m'mafakitale ambiri chifukwa likhoza kuwononga kwambiri chuma.2707 super duplex stainless steel (2707 HDSS) yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito m'madera a m'nyanja chifukwa cha kukana kwake kwa mankhwala.Komabe, kukana kwake kwa MIC sikunawonetsedwe moyesera. .Kusanthula kwa Electrochemical kunasonyeza kuti pamaso pa Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm mu 2216E sing'anga, panali kusintha kwabwino kwa corrosion kuthekera ndi kuwonjezeka kwa dzimbiri panopa. ya 0.69 μm m'masiku a 14. Ngakhale izi ndizochepa, zimasonyeza kuti 2707 HDSS sichitetezedwa mokwanira ndi MIC ya P. aeruginosa biofilms.
Duplex zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri (DSS) amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana kuti agwirizane bwino kwambiri makina katundu ndi dzimbiri kukana1,2. .Izi zikutanthawuza kuti zipangizo zamtengo wapatali zokhala ndi zowonongeka zowonongeka zimafunikira.Jeon et al7 adapeza kuti ngakhale zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zosapanga dzimbiri (SDSS) zimakhala ndi zofooka zina zokhudzana ndi kukana kwa dzimbiri.Choncho, zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zosapanga dzimbiri (HDSS) zokhala ndi chiwombankhanga chapamwamba zimafunika m'mapulogalamu ena.Izi zinayambitsa chitukuko cha alloyed HDSS.
Kukana kwa dzimbiri kwa DSS kumadalira chiŵerengero cha magawo a alpha ndi gamma ndipo Cr, Mo ndi W zatha madera 8, 9, 10 moyandikana ndi gawo lachiwiri.HDSS ili ndi zinthu zambiri za Cr, Mo ndi N11, kotero zimakhala bwino kwambiri kukana dzimbiri komanso mtengo wapatali (45-50) Pitting Resistance Equit (3% + Mort + Nambala Yofanana). 0.5 wt% W) + 16 wt% N12.Kukana kwake kwa dzimbiri kumadalira kapangidwe kake kamene kamakhala ndi pafupifupi 50% ferrite (α) ndi 50% austenite (γ) magawo, HDSS ili ndi makina abwino kwambiri komanso kukana kwambiri kuposa DSS13 wamba.Chloride corrosion properties.Kukaniza bwino kwa dzimbiri kumakulitsa kugwiritsa ntchito HDSS m'malo owononga kwambiri a chloride, monga malo am'madzi.
Ma MIC ndi vuto lalikulu m'mafakitale ambiri monga mafuta ndi gasi ndi zinthu zamadzi14.MIC imapanga 20% ya zowonongeka zowonongeka15.MIC ndi bioelectrochemical corrosion yomwe ingakhoze kuwonedwa m'madera ambiri.Mafilimu omwe amapanga pazitsulo amasintha zinthu zamagetsi zamagetsi, motero zimakhudza njira zowonongeka zomwe MICE corrosion imakhulupirira kuti ndi microorganism. s corrode zitsulo kuti apeze mphamvu zochiritsira kuti apulumuke17.Kafukufuku waposachedwa wa MIC wasonyeza kuti EET (extracellular electron transfer) ndiyo kuchepetsa mlingo wa MIC wopangidwa ndi electrogenic microorganisms.Zhang et al.18 inasonyeza kuti oyimira ma elekitironi amafulumizitsa kusamutsidwa kwa ma elekitironi pakati pa maselo a Desulfovibrio sessificans ndi 304 zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale vuto lalikulu la MIC.Enning et al.19 ndi Venzlaff et al.20 idawonetsa kuti ma corrosive sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) biofilms amatha kuyamwa ma elekitironi mwachindunji ku magawo azitsulo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale dzimbiri.
DSS imadziwika kuti imakhudzidwa ndi MIC m'madera omwe ali ndi SRB, mabakiteriya ochepetsa chitsulo (IRB), etc. 21 .Mabakiteriyawa amachititsa kupindika kumalo a DSS pansi pa biofilms22,23. Mosiyana ndi DSS, MIC ya HDSS24 imadziwika bwino.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa ndi gram-negative motile-rod-rod bacterium yomwe imafalitsidwa kwambiri mu chilengedwe25.Pseudomonas aeruginosa imakhalanso gulu lalikulu la tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'nyanja, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti MIC ikhale chitsulo.Pseudomonas imakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi njira zowonongeka ndipo imadziwika kuti ndi bioMahalmt colonizer.28 ndi Yuan et al.29 idawonetsa kuti Pseudomonas aeruginosa ili ndi chizolowezi chowonjezera kuchuluka kwa dzimbiri kwa chitsulo chochepa komanso ma aloyi m'malo amadzi.
Cholinga chachikulu cha ntchitoyi chinali kufufuza katundu wa MIC wa 2707 HDSS woyambitsidwa ndi bakiteriya wa aerobic Pseudomonas aeruginosa pogwiritsa ntchito njira za electrochemical, njira zowunikira pamwamba ndi kusanthula kwazinthu zowonongeka.Kafukufuku wa Electrochemical kuphatikizapo Open Circuit Potential (OCP), Linear Polarization Resistance (LPR) ndi Electrochemical Resistance (LPR) ndi Electrochemical Resistance (LPR) kuchitidwa kuti aphunzire khalidwe la MIC la 2707 HDSS.Kusanthula kwa mphamvu ya dispersive spectrometer (EDS) kunachitidwa kuti apeze zinthu za mankhwala pamtunda wowonongeka.Kuonjezera apo, kusanthula kwa X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) kunagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti adziwe kukhazikika kwa oxide film passivation pansi pa chisonkhezero cha chilengedwe cha m'madzi chomwe chili ndi Pseudomonas pigfomicicl scanning laser smcl scanning.
Gome 1 limatchula kapangidwe ka 2707 hdss.Tible 2 HDSS ili ndi mphamvu zambiri zopanga ma 60
Chithunzi 2a limasonyeza lotseguka dera kuthekera (Eocp) motsutsana kukhudzana deta nthawi 2707 HDSS mu abiotic 2216E sing'anga ndi P. aeruginosa msuzi kwa masiku 14 pa 37 °C.Zimasonyeza kuti kusintha kwakukulu ndi kwakukulu mu Eocp kumachitika mkati mwa maola oyambirira a 24. The Eocp. kenako anatsika kwambiri, kufika -477 mV (vs. SCE) ndi -236 mV (vs. SCE) kwa abiotic chitsanzo ndi P, motero ).Pseudomonas aeruginosa makuponi, motsatana.Pambuyo pa maola 24, mtengo wa Eocp wa 2707 HDSS wa P. aeruginosa unali wosasunthika pa -228 mV (vs. SCE), pamene mtengo wofanana wa zitsanzo zomwe sizinali zamoyo zinali pafupifupi -442 mV (vs. S.SCE. SCE).
Kuyesa kwa electrochemical kwa zitsanzo za 2707 HDSS mu abiotic medium ndi Pseudomonas aeruginosa msuzi pa 37 °C:
(a) Eocp monga ntchito ya nthawi yowonekera, (b) polarization curves pa tsiku 14, (c) Rp monga ntchito ya nthawi yowonekera ndi (d) icorr monga ntchito ya nthawi yowonekera.
Table 3 imatchula ma electrochemical corrosion parameter values ​​​​ya 2707 HDSS zitsanzo zomwe zimawonekera ku abiotic medium ndi Pseudomonas aeruginosa inoculated medium kwa masiku 14. The tangents of anodic and cathodic curves was extrapolated to come in the intersections corrosion corrosion current density, and potential corrrosion (corrision) ndi corrosion current βc) molingana ndi njira zokhazikika30,31.
Monga momwe tawonetsera mu Chithunzi 2b, kusuntha kwapamwamba kwa P. aeruginosa curve kunapangitsa kuti Ecorr iwonjezeke poyerekeza ndi ma curve abiotic. Mtengo wa icorr, womwe uli wofanana ndi kuchuluka kwa dzimbiri, unawonjezeka kufika ku 0.328 μA cm-2 mu Pseudomonas aeruginosa chitsanzo (μAeruginosa chitsanzo, μA-7 nthawi zinayi).
LPR ndi njira yachikale yosawonongeka ya electrochemical yowunikira mofulumira kutu.Inagwiritsidwanso ntchito pophunzira MIC32.Figure 2c ikuwonetsa kukana kwa polarization (Rp) monga ntchito ya nthawi yowonekera. Mtengo wapamwamba wa Rp umatanthauza kuchepa pang'ono.Mkati mwa maola 24 oyambirira, Rp ya 2707 HDSS inafika pa 5 kbiotic 9 cm 29 cm ndi 5 kbiotic 9 cm 9. kwa zitsanzo za Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Chithunzi cha 2c chimasonyezanso kuti mtengo wa Rp unachepa mofulumira pambuyo pa tsiku limodzi ndipo kenako umakhala wosasinthika kwa masiku otsatirawa a 13. Mtengo wa Rp wa chitsanzo cha Pseudomonas aeruginosa ndi pafupifupi 40 kΩ cm2, yomwe ili yochepa kwambiri kuposa 450 kΩ-cm2 yamtengo wapatali.
Mtengo wa icorr ndi wolingana ndi kuchuluka kwa dzimbiri kofanana.
Kutsatira Zou et al.33, mtengo wamba wa Tafel otsetsereka B m'ntchitoyi unkaganiziridwa kuti ndi 26 mV/dec. Chithunzi 2d chikuwonetsa kuti icorr ya zitsanzo zomwe sizinali zamoyo 2707 zidakhalabe zokhazikika, pomwe chitsanzo cha P. aeruginosa chinasintha kwambiri pambuyo pa maola 24 oyamba. ological controls.Mchitidwewu umagwirizana ndi zotsatira za polarization resistance.
EIS ndi njira ina yosawonongeka yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwonetsa momwe ma electrochemical amachitira pazida zowonongeka. Zowoneka bwino komanso kuwerengetsera kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zimawonetsedwa ndi abiotic media ndi Pseudomonas aeruginosa solution, Rb resistance of passive film/biofilm yomwe imapangidwa pamwamba pa specimen, Rct charger transfer resistance, Cdl Electrometer (Cdl) CPE) magawo.Zigawozi zinawunikidwanso mwa kuyika deta pogwiritsa ntchito chitsanzo chofanana cha dera (EEC).
Chithunzi 3 chikuwonetsa ziwembu za Nyquist (a ndi b) ndi ziwembu za Bode (a' ndi b') za zitsanzo za 2707 HDSS mu abiotic sing'anga ndi msuzi wa P. aeruginosa nthawi zosiyanasiyana zomakulitsira. nthawi yopumula nthawi zonse ingaperekedwe ndi gawo la maxima. Chithunzi 4 chimasonyeza monolayer (a) ndi bilayer (b) zomangira zakuthupi ndi ma EEC awo ofanana.CPE amalowetsedwa mu chitsanzo cha EEC.
Zitsanzo ziwiri zakuthupi ndi mabwalo ofanana kuti agwirizane ndi mawonekedwe a 2707 HDSS:
kumene Y0 ndi kukula kwa CPE, j ndi nambala yongoganizira kapena (-1) 1 / 2, ω ndi mafupipafupi aang'ono, ndipo n ndi CPE mphamvu index yochepa kuposa unity35. Zotsutsana ndi kukana kutengerapo ndalama (ie 1 / Rct) zimagwirizana ndi chiwombankhanga.Smaller Rct imatanthauza mofulumira corrosion rate ya 14 pmona corrosion rate 27. zitsanzo eruginosa anafika 32 kΩ cm2, ang'onoang'ono kwambiri kuposa 489 kΩ cm2 ya zitsanzo sanali zamoyo (Table 4).
Zithunzi za CLSM ndi zithunzi za SEM mu Chithunzi 5 zimasonyeza bwino kuti kuphimba kwa biofilm pamwamba pa 2707 HDSS chitsanzo pambuyo pa masiku 7 ndi wandiweyani. kuchokera ku 23.4 μm pambuyo pa masiku 7 mpaka 18.9 μm pambuyo pa masiku 14. Kuchuluka kwa biofilm kunatsimikiziranso izi.Inatsika kuchokera ku 22.2 ± 0.7 μm pambuyo pa masiku 7 mpaka 17.8 ± 1.0 μm pambuyo pa masiku 14.
(a) Chithunzi cha 3-D CLSM patatha masiku 7, (b) chithunzi cha 3-D CLSM patatha masiku 14, (c) Chithunzi cha SEM patatha masiku 7 ndi (d) chithunzi cha SEM pambuyo pa masiku 14.
EDS inavumbulutsa zinthu za mankhwala mu biofilms ndi mankhwala dzimbiri pa zitsanzo zowonekera kwa P. aeruginosa kwa masiku 14. Chithunzi 6 chikusonyeza kuti zili C, N, O, ndi P mu biofilms ndi mankhwala dzimbiri ndi apamwamba kwambiri kuposa zitsulo opanda kanthu, chifukwa zinthu zimenezi zimagwirizana ndi biofilms ndi metabolites. zopangidwa ndi rosion pamwamba pa zitsanzo zimasonyeza kuti matrix achitsulo ataya zinthu chifukwa cha dzimbiri.
Pambuyo pa masiku a 14, pitting ndi popanda P. aeruginosa inawonedwa mu 2216E sing'anga. Asanayambe kukulitsidwa, chithunzithunzi chapamwamba chinali chosalala komanso chopanda chilema (mkuyu 7a) .Pambuyo pa kuyika ndi kuchotsedwa kwa biofilm ndi zinthu zowonongeka, maenje ozama kwambiri pamwamba pa zitsanzozo zinayesedwa pansi pa 7 pigus zowonekera pa clm. -zitsanzo zowongolera zachilengedwe (zambiri dzenje kuya 0.02 μm). The pazipita dzenje kuya chifukwa Pseudomonas aeruginosa anali 0.52 μm patatha masiku 7 ndi 0.69 μm patatha masiku 14, kutengera pafupifupi pazipita dzenje kuya 3 zitsanzo (10 pazipita dzenje kuya kwa mfundo 2 ± 20 ± 20 anasankhidwa 2 ± 20 20 ± 20 aliyense. 0.15 μm motsatana (Table 5) .Makhalidwe akuya kwa dzenjewa ndi ochepa koma ofunikira.
(a) Asanaonedwe, (b) masiku 14 mu abiotic medium ndi (c) masiku 14 mu Pseudomonas aeruginosa msuzi.
Chithunzi 8 chikuwonetsa mawonekedwe a XPS a mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana a zitsanzo, ndipo mapangidwe a mankhwala omwe amawunikidwa pa malo aliwonse akufotokozedwa mwachidule mu Table 6. Mu Table 6, ma atomiki peresenti ya Fe ndi Cr pamaso pa P. aeruginosa (zitsanzo A ndi B) zinali zotsika kwambiri kusiyana ndi zomwe sizinali zamoyo zowonongeka (Forsamples P. spectral curve idayikidwa pazigawo zinayi zapamwamba zokhala ndi mphamvu zomangirira (BE) za 574.4, 576.6, 578.3 ndi 586.8 eV, zomwe zitha kukhala za Cr, Cr2O3, CrO3 ndi Cr(OH)3, motsatana (Fig. nsonga ziwiri zazikulu za Cr (573.80 eV kwa BE) ndi Cr2O3 (575.90 eV kwa BE) mu Fig. 9c ndi d, motero.Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu pakati pa zitsanzo za abiotic ndi P. aeruginosa kunali kukhalapo kwa Cr6 + ndi kachigawo kakang'ono ka Cr (OH 5) 8 beathm.
Mawonekedwe otakata a XPS a pamwamba pa chithunzi cha 2707 HDSS pama media awiriwa ndi masiku 7 ndi masiku 14, motsatana.
(a) Masiku 7 okhudzana ndi P. aeruginosa, (b) masiku 14 okhudzana ndi P. aeruginosa, (c) masiku 7 mu abiotic medium ndi (d) masiku 14 mu abiotic medium.
HDSS imawonetsa kukana kwambiri kwa dzimbiri m'malo ambiri.Kim et al.2 inanena kuti UNS S32707 HDSS imatanthauzidwa ngati DSS yosakanikirana kwambiri ndi PREN yoposa 45. Mtengo wa PREN wa chitsanzo cha 2707 HDSS mu ntchitoyi unali 49. Izi ndichifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa chromium ndi kuchuluka kwa molybdenum ndi Niix, zomwe zimakhala zopindulitsa mu chilengedwe cha acidic ndi bwino-defect chloride-free chloride. kukhazikika kwa mapangidwe ndi kukana kwa dzimbiri.Komabe, ngakhale kuti ali ndi mphamvu zotsutsana ndi mankhwala, deta yoyesera mu ntchitoyi imasonyeza kuti 2707 HDSS sichitetezedwa kwathunthu ndi MIC ya P. aeruginosa biofilms.
Electrochemical zotsatira anasonyeza kuti dzimbiri mlingo wa 2707 HDSS mu P. aeruginosa msuzi anawonjezeka kwambiri patatha masiku 14 poyerekeza ndi si zamoyo sing'anga sing'anga. 6.Komabe, mlingo wa Eocp wachilengedwe unali wapamwamba kwambiri kuposa wa Eocp wosakhala wachilengedwe.Pali chifukwa chokhulupirira kuti kusiyana kumeneku ndi chifukwa cha P. aeruginosa biofilm mapangidwe.Mumkuyu 2d, pamaso pa P. aeruginosa, mtengo wa icorr wa 2707 HDSS unafika pa 0.620 dongosolo lapamwamba la magni27 la magni. 63 μA cm-2), yomwe inali yogwirizana ndi mtengo wa Rct woyesedwa ndi EIS.M'masiku angapo oyambirira, ma impedance amtengo wapatali mu P. aeruginosa msuzi adawonjezeka chifukwa cha kulumikizidwa kwa maselo a P. aeruginosa ndi mapangidwe a biofilms. Chifukwa chake, kukana kwa dzimbiri kunachepa pakapita nthawi, ndipo kulumikizidwa kwa P. aeruginosa kunapangitsa kuti pakhale dzimbiri. Zomwe zimachitika muzofalitsa za abiotic zinali zosiyana. Kukana kwa dzimbiri kwa osagwirizana ndi zachilengedwe kunali kwakukulu kwambiri kuposa mtengo wofananira wa zitsanzo zomwe zimawonekera ku P. aeruginosa broth. Kuphatikiza apo, kwa zitsanzo za abiotic, 2709 kSS tsiku la Rct 2709 SS, Rct 2707 SS, Rct 2729, Rct 2729 pa tsiku la Rct 2729 HD inali nthawi ya 15 ya mtengo wa Rct (32 kΩ cm2) pamaso pa P. aeruginosa.Choncho, 2707 HDSS ili ndi kukana kwambiri kwa dzimbiri m'malo osabala, koma sikugonjetsedwa ndi MIC kuukira kwa P. aeruginosa biofilms.
Zotsatirazi zikhoza kuwonedwanso kuchokera ku polarization curves mu Mkuyu 2b.Nthambi ya anodic imatchedwa Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm mapangidwe ndi zitsulo za oxidation. Ruginosa biofilm imawonjezera kuwonongeka kwa 2707 HDSS.Yuan et al29 anapeza kuti kachulukidwe kamakono ka 70/30 Cu-Ni alloy anawonjezeka chifukwa cha zovuta za P. aeruginosa biofilm. c biofilms angakhalenso ndi mpweya wochepa pansi pawo.Choncho, kulephera kubwezeretsanso zitsulo pamwamba pa mpweya kungakhale chinthu chothandizira ku MIC pa ntchitoyi.
Dickinson ndi al.38 inanena kuti mitengo ya mankhwala ndi electrochemical reactions ikhoza kukhudzidwa mwachindunji ndi ntchito ya metabolic ya mabakiteriya a sessile pamwamba pa chitsanzo ndi chikhalidwe cha zinthu zowonongeka. sing'anga ya 2216E kapena kutulutsidwa kwa ayoni achitsulo chapoizoni kuchokera ku matrix a 2707 HDSS. Uku ndikuchepetsa kuyesa kwa batch.
Mu ntchito iyi, P. aeruginosa biofilm inalimbikitsa kuchepa kwa Cr ndi Fe pansi pa biofilm pa 2707 HDSS pamwamba (mkuyu 6) . Mu Table 6, kuchepetsa Fe ndi Cr mu chitsanzo D poyerekeza ndi chitsanzo C, kusonyeza kuti kusungunuka Fe ndi Cr chifukwa cha P. aeruginosa malo ogwiritsidwa ntchito kupyola 6 masiku oyambirira a biofilm 27. .Ili ndi 17700 ppm Cl-, yomwe ikufanana ndi yomwe imapezeka m'madzi a m'nyanja achilengedwe. Kukhalapo kwa 17700 ppm Cl- kunali chifukwa chachikulu chochepetsera Cr mu 7- ndi 14-day abiotic zitsanzo zomwe zinafufuzidwa ndi XPS. Poyerekeza ndi P. aeruginosa sampuli za C aeruginosa biotic chifukwa cha sampuli zamphamvu za Cr zotsutsana ndi zotsutsana zambiri za Cr-insolubiotic zotsutsana ndi dissolulosis zolimba kwambiri 2707 HDSS m'madera a abiotic. Chithunzi 9 chikuwonetsa kukhalapo kwa Cr6 + mufilimu ya passivation.Ikhoza kuphatikizidwa ndi kuchotsa Cr kuchokera kuzitsulo zazitsulo ndi P. aeruginosa biofilms, monga momwe Chen ndi Clayton anafotokozera.
Chifukwa cha kukula kwa bakiteriya, pH mitengo ya sing'anga isanayambe kapena itatha kulima inali 7.4 ndi 8.2, motero. Choncho, pansi pa P. aeruginosa biofilm, organic acid corrosion sichingakhale chothandizira pa ntchitoyi chifukwa cha pH yochuluka kwambiri. Nthawi yoyesera ya masiku a 4. Kuwonjezeka kwa pH mu sing'anga ya inoculation pambuyo poyamwitsa kunali chifukwa cha ntchito ya kagayidwe kachakudya ya P. aeruginosa ndipo inapezeka kuti ili ndi zotsatira zofanana pa pH popanda mizere yoyesera.
Monga momwe tawonetsera pa Chithunzi 7, kuzama kwakukulu kwa dzenje komwe kunayambitsidwa ndi P. aeruginosa biofilm kunali 0.69 μm, yomwe inali yaikulu kwambiri kuposa ya abiotic medium (0.02 μm) .Izi zikugwirizana ndi deta ya electrochemical yomwe yafotokozedwa pamwambapa. Kuzama kwa dzenje la 0.69 μm kuli kocheperako kakhumi kuposa μ2m205 yofanana ndi 205 ya DSS yomwe inafotokozedwa pa DSS. 707 HDSS imasonyeza bwino kukana kwa MIC poyerekeza ndi 2205 DSS. Izi siziyenera kudabwitsa, monga 2707 HDSS ili ndi chromium yapamwamba, yomwe imapatsa chisangalalo chokhalitsa, chifukwa cha dongosolo loyenera la gawo lopanda ma precipitates owopsa achiwiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti P. aeruginosa ikhale yovuta kwambiri kuti iwonongeke ndikuyamba mfundo za kadamsana.
Pomaliza, MIC pitting inapezedwa pamwamba pa 2707 HDSS mu P. aeruginosa msuzi poyerekeza ndi pitting yosasamala mu abiotic media.Ntchitoyi ikuwonetsa kuti 2707 HDSS ili ndi kukana kwa MIC bwino kuposa 2205 DSS, koma sichitetezedwa mokwanira ndi MIC chifukwa cha P. aeruginosa biofilm.Zosankhika zomwe zimayesedwa kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito pazitsulo zamoyo zam'madzi.
Kuponi kwa 2707 HDSS kumaperekedwa ndi School of Metallurgy of Northeastern University (NEU) ku Shenyang, China.Chigawo choyambirira cha 2707 HDSS chikuwonetsedwa mu Table 1, yomwe inafufuzidwa ndi NEU Materials Analysis and Testing Department.Zitsanzo zonse zinagwiritsidwa ntchito pa 1180 °C ndi 1180 ° C pamwamba pa 1 corped SS yowonekera pamwamba pa 1 corped SS yowonekera pamwamba pa ola la 7Prior. dera la 1 cm2 linapukutidwa mpaka grit 2000 ndi pepala la silicon carbide ndikupukutidwanso ndi kuyimitsidwa kwa ufa wa 0.05 μm Al2O3. M'mbali ndi pansi zimatetezedwa ndi utoto wosasunthika. Atatha kuyanika, zitsanzozo zimatsukidwa ndi madzi osabala a deionized ndi chosawilitsidwa ndi 75% ultraviolet . V) kuwala kwa maola 0,5 musanagwiritse ntchito.
Marine Pseadomonas Ainosasa McCC 1A0009 Strain adagulidwa kuchokera ku Xaclem Market Center Center (MLCI) , China) .medium (g / l): 19.45 Nacl, 5.98 NACL2, 0.83 NASBL2, 0.83 NASCL2, 0.83 NASCL2, 0.83 0016 nah2po4, 5.0 Pertone, 1.0 yisiti yozungulira ndi 0,5 ferric stauctomessi yopepuka.
Electrochemical mayesero anachitidwa mu tingachipeze powerenga atatu electrode galasi selo ndi sing'anga buku la 500 ml. A platinamu pepala ndi ano zimalimbikitsa calomel elekitirodi (SCE) anali olumikizidwa ku riyakitala kudzera Luggin capillaries wodzazidwa ndi mchere milatho, ntchito ngati kauntala ndi Buku maelekitirodi, motero. -m'mbali pamtunda wa electrode yogwira ntchito.Panthawi ya kuyeza kwa electrochemical, zitsanzo zinayikidwa mu 2216E sing'anga ndi kusungidwa kutentha kosalekeza (37 ° C) mu bath ya madzi.OCP, LPR, EIS ndi deta yowonjezereka ya polarization inayesedwa pogwiritsa ntchito Autolab potentiostat (Reference 600TM, Gamry scan 2, Instruments, Inc., Inc.2, USA). s-1 pamtundu wa -5 ndi 5 mV ndi Eocp ndi sampuli yafupipafupi ya 1 Hz.EIS inachitidwa ndi sine wave mumtundu wafupipafupi wa 0.01 mpaka 10,000 Hz pogwiritsa ntchito 5 mV yogwiritsidwa ntchito pamagetsi okhazikika Eocp.Asanayambe kusesa, ma electrode anali otseguka-ozungulira mtengo wamtengo wapatali wopita ku 0. 2 mpaka 1.5 V vs. Eocp pa mlingo wa 0.166 mV / s. Chiyeso chilichonse chinabwerezedwa 3 nthawi ndi popanda P. aeruginosa.
Zitsanzo za kusanthula kwa metallographic zidapukutidwa ndi pepala lonyowa la 2000 la grit la SiC ndikupukutidwanso ndi kuyimitsidwa kwa ufa kwa 0.05 μm Al2O3 poyang'anitsitsa.
Pambuyo makulitsidwe, zitsanzo anatsukidwa 3 ndi phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) njira (pH 7.4 ± 0.2) ndiyeno 2.5% (v/v) glutaraldehyde kwa maola 10 kukonza biofilms. 00% v / v) ya ethanol musanayambe kuyanika mpweya.Pomaliza, pamwamba pa chitsanzocho amathiridwa ndi filimu yagolide kuti apereke conductivity kwa SEM kuyang'ana.Zithunzi za SEM zinkayang'ana pa mawanga omwe ali ndi maselo a sessile a P. aeruginosa pamwamba pa chitsanzo chilichonse.Chitani kafukufuku wa EDS kuti mupeze zinthu za mankhwala.ALSMMS scanning, Germany Zescoscopic, SM, Germany, Zescope, SM, Germany, Zescope, Germany, Zescope Anagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyeza kuya kwa dzenje.Kuti muwone maenje owononga pansi pa biofilm, chidutswa choyesera chinatsukidwa molingana ndi Chinese National Standard (CNS) GB/T4334.4-2000 kuchotsa zinthu zowonongeka ndi biofilm pamwamba pa chidutswa choyesera.
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS, ESCALAB250 yowunikira pamwamba, Thermo VG, USA) kusanthula kunachitika pogwiritsa ntchito gwero la X-ray la monochromatic (aluminium Kα mzere pa 1500 eV mphamvu ndi 150 W mphamvu) pamtundu wambiri wa mphamvu 0 pansi pazikhalidwe -1350 eV.
Zitsanzo zowonongeka zinachotsedwa ndikutsukidwa mofatsa ndi PBS (pH 7.4 ± 0.2) kwa 15 s45. Kuti muwone momwe mabakiteriya amathandizira pazitsanzo, ma biofilms anali odetsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito LIVE / DEAD BacLight Bacterial Viability Kit (Invitrogen, Eugene, Eugene, Eugene, Eugene, Eugene, Eugene fluorescent, USA fluogeneous). SYTO-9 utoto ndi wofiira fulorosenti propidium iodide (PI) dye.Pansi CLSM, madontho ndi fulorosenti wobiriwira ndi wofiira amaimira maselo amoyo ndi akufa, motero.Kuti kudetsa, 1 ml osakaniza munali 3 μl SYTO-9 ndi 3 μl PI njira anali incubated kwa mphindi 20 oC pa kutentha kwapakati pa 23 masitepe awiri (23). (488 nm kwa maselo amoyo ndi 559 nm kwa maselo akufa) pogwiritsa ntchito makina a Nikon CLSM (C2 Plus, Nikon, Japan) .
Momwe mungatchulire nkhaniyi: Li, H. et al.Microbial corrosion of 2707 super duplex stainless steel by marine Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm.science.Rep.6, 20190;doi: 10.1038/srep20190 (2016).
Zanotto, F., Grassi, V., Balbo, A., Monticelli, C. & Zucchi, F. Stress corrosion cracking ya LDX 2101 duplex zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri mu chloride solution pamaso pa thiosulfate.coros.science.80, 205-212 (2014).
Kim, ST, Jang, SH, Lee, IS & Park, YS Mphamvu ya chithandizo cha kutentha kwa yankho ndi nayitrogeni mu chitetezo cha gasi pa pitting corrosion resistance of super duplex stainless steel welds.coros.science.53, 1939-1947 (2011).
Shi, X., Avci, R., Geiser, M. & Lewandowski, Z. A Comparative Chemical Study of Microbial and Electrochemically Induced Pitting Corrosion in 316L Stainless Steel.coros.science.45, 2577-2595 (2003).
Luo, H., Dong, CF, Li, XG & Xiao, K. Electrochemical khalidwe la 2205 duplex zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri muzitsulo zamchere za pH zosiyana pamaso pa chloride.Electrochim.Journal.64, 211-220 (2012).
Little, BJ, Lee, JS & Ray, RI Zotsatira za biofilms zam'madzi pa dzimbiri: kubwereza mwachidule.Electrochim.Journal.54, 2-7 (2008).