Kuchokera ku maunyolo a robotic drive kupita ku ma conveyor malamba mu ntchito zogulitsira katundu kupita ku mphepo yamkuntho ya mphepo yamkuntho, kuyang'ana malo ndi ntchito yovuta kwambiri pamitundu yambiri yogwiritsira ntchito.Ikhoza kutenga mitundu yambiri, kuphatikizapo mzere, rotary, angular, absolute, incremental, contact and non-contact sensors.Masensa apadera apangidwa m'magawo atatu a popotetechnication omwe angaphatikizepo ma pontiometric sensimens. ductive, eddy current, capacitive, magnetostrictive, Hall effect, fiber optic, kuwala ndi akupanga.
FAQ iyi imapereka chidule chachidule cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana yowonera malo, kenako ndikuwunikanso matekinoloje angapo omwe opanga angasankhe akamakhazikitsa njira yowonera malo.
Potentiometric udindo masensa ndi kukana-zochokera zipangizo kuphatikizira njanji resistive njanji ndi chopukuta chomangika kwa chinthu chimene malo ayenera kumveka.Kusuntha kwa chinthu kumasuntha ma wipers pa njanji.Malo a chinthu amayezedwa pogwiritsa ntchito voteji divider network yopangidwa ndi njanji ndi wipers kuyeza liniya kapena rotational kuyenda ndi fixed DC voteji (Chithunzi 1, koma otsika sensa kubwereza ndi Pote otsika sensa ndi Pote otsika sensa.
Masensa ochititsa chidwi amagwiritsira ntchito kusintha kwa mphamvu ya maginito yomwe imapangidwira mu coil ya sensa.Malingana ndi mapangidwe awo, amatha kuyeza malo ozungulira kapena ozungulira.Linear Variable Differential Transformer (LVDT) malo masensa amagwiritsa ntchito makola atatu atakulungidwa mozungulira chubu lopanda kanthu;koyilo yapachiyambi ndi ma koyilo awiri achiwiri.Makoyilo amalumikizidwa motsatizana, ndipo mgwirizano wagawo wa koyilo yachiwiri ndi 180 ° kunja kwa gawo pokhudzana ndi koyilo yoyambira.A ferromagnetic core yotchedwa armature imayikidwa mkati mwa chubu ndikulumikizidwa ku chinthu pamalo omwe akuyezedwa.Voliyumu yachisangalalo imagwiritsidwa ntchito ku koyilo yoyamba ndi mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi (EMF) ndi wachibale wachiwiri pakati pa coil yachiwiri. malo a zida zankhondo ndi zomwe zimamangiriridwa zimatha kutsimikiziridwa.A rotating voltage differential transformer (RVDT) amagwiritsa ntchito njira yomweyi kuti azitha kuyang'ana malo ozungulira. LVDT ndi RVDT masensa amapereka kulondola kwabwino, mzere, kusamvana ndi kutengeka kwakukulu.Zimakhala zopanda phokoso ndipo zimatha kusindikizidwa kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito m'madera ovuta.
Masensa a Eddy akugwira ntchito ndi zinthu zochititsa chidwi. Mafunde a Eddy amapangidwa ndi mafunde omwe amapezeka muzinthu zoyendetsera zinthu pamaso pa kusintha kwa maginito. Mafundewa amayenda mumtunda wotsekedwa ndikupanga yachiwiri maginito. Masensa amakono a Eddy amakhala ndi ma coils ndi ma circuits. opangidwa ndi mafunde a eddy, amene amakhudza koyilo ya impedance.Pamene chinthu afika pafupi koyilo, ndi eddy panopa zomvetsa kuwonjezeka ndi voteji oscillating amakhala ang'onoang'ono (Chithunzi 2) .The oscillating voteji ndi rectified ndi kukonzedwa ndi linearizer dera kupanga liniya linanena bungwe DC molingana ndi mtunda wa chinthu.
Zipangizo zamakono za Eddy ndi zolimba, zosagwirizana ndi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ma sensor apafupi. Iwo ndi omnidirectional ndipo amatha kudziwa mtunda wogwirizana ndi chinthucho, koma osati mayendedwe kapena mtunda wokwanira wopita ku chinthucho.
Monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, ma capacitive position sensors amayesa kusintha kwa mphamvu kuti adziwe malo a chinthu chomwe chikumveka.Masensa osalumikizanawa angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuyeza malo ozungulira kapena ozungulira.Amakhala ndi mbale ziwiri zolekanitsidwa ndi zinthu za dielectric ndipo amagwiritsa ntchito imodzi mwa njira ziwiri kuti azindikire malo a chinthu:
Pofuna kusintha kusintha kwa dielectric nthawi zonse, chinthu chomwe malo ake ayenera kuzindikiridwa amamangiriridwa ku zinthu za dielectric. Pamene zinthu za dielectric zikuyenda, mphamvu ya dielectric ya capacitor imasintha chifukwa cha kusakanikirana kwa dera la dielectric ndi mpweya wokhazikika wa dielectric. Kapenanso, chinthucho chikhoza kugwirizanitsidwa ndi mbale imodzi, kusuntha kwa mbale, kusintha kwa capacitor, kusintha kwa capacitor kapena kusuntha kutali. capacitance imagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira malo achibale.
Masensa a capacitive amatha kuyeza kusamuka, mtunda, malo ndi makulidwe a zinthu.Chifukwa cha kukhazikika kwawo kwa chizindikiro ndi kusamvana, ma capacitive displacement sensors amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo a labotale ndi mafakitale.Mwachitsanzo, masensa a capacitive amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa makulidwe a filimu ndi zomatira muzochita zokha.
Magnetostriction ndi katundu wa zipangizo za ferromagnetic zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinthu zisinthe kukula kwake kapena mawonekedwe ake pamene mphamvu ya maginito ikugwiritsidwa ntchito.Mu magnetostrictive position sensor, malo osunthika maginito amamangiriridwa ku chinthu chomwe chikuyezedwa.Amakhala ndi mawaya omwe amanyamula ma pulses amakono, olumikizidwa ku sensa yomwe ili kumapeto kwa wave3se, pamene maginito amapangidwa ndi maginito, pamene maginito amapangidwa ndi maginito. waya womwe umalumikizana ndi axial maginito a maginito okhazikika (maginito mu cylinder piston, Chithunzi 3a) .Kugwirizana kwa munda kumayambitsidwa ndi kupotoza (Wiedemann effect), yomwe imayambitsa waya, imapanga phokoso la phokoso lomwe limafalikira pamodzi ndi waveguide ndipo limadziwika ndi sensa kumapeto kwa nthawi yozungulira (Fig. kugunda kwapano komanso kuzindikira kugunda kwa kwamayimbidwe, komwe kuli maginito, chifukwa chake chinthucho chimatha kuyeza (mkuyu.3c ndi).
Magnetostrictive position sensors ndi masensa osalumikizana omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti azindikire malo omwe ali pamzere.Mawaveguides nthawi zambiri amakhala muzitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri kapena machubu a aluminiyamu, zomwe zimapangitsa masensawa kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito pamalo akuda kapena onyowa.
Pamene kondakitala woonda, lathyathyathya aikidwa mu mphamvu maginito, aliyense panopa akuyenda amakonda kumanga mbali imodzi ya kondakitala, kupanga kusiyana zotheka amatchedwa Hall voltage. Poyesa magetsi a Hall, malo a chinthu akhoza kutsimikiziridwa.Pali ma sensor apadera a Hall-effect omwe amatha kudziwa malo mu miyeso itatu (Chithunzi 4) .Masensa a malo a Hall-effect ndi zipangizo zosagwirizana ndi zomwe zimapereka kudalirika kwakukulu ndi kuzindikira mofulumira, ndipo zimagwira ntchito pa kutentha kwakukulu.Amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magulu osiyanasiyana ogula, mafakitale, magalimoto ndi mankhwala.
Pali mitundu iwiri yoyambira ya ma fiber optic sensors.Mu intrinsic fiber optic sensors, CHIKWANGWANI chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chinthu chomverera.Mu sensa zakunja za fiber optic, ma fiber optics amaphatikizidwa ndi ukadaulo wina wa sensa kuti atumize chizindikiro kumagetsi akutali kuti akonze. reflectometer.Fiber optic sensors ali ndi chitetezo chotsutsana ndi electromagnetic interference, akhoza kupangidwa kuti azigwira ntchito pa kutentha kwakukulu, ndipo alibe conductive, kotero angagwiritsidwe ntchito pafupi ndi kuthamanga kwakukulu kapena zipangizo zoyaka moto.
Fiber-optic sensing ina yozikidwa pa ukadaulo wa fiber Bragg grating (FBG) itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito poyezera malo. FBG imagwira ntchito ngati sefa ya notch, kuwonetsa kagawo kakang'ono ka kuwala kokhazikika pa Bragg wavelength (λB) ikawunikiridwa ndi kuwala kowoneka bwino. , mathamangitsidwe ndi katundu.
Pali mitundu iwiri ya optical position sensors, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti optical encoders.Muzochitika zina, kuwala kumatumizidwa kwa wolandira kumapeto kwa sensa.Mumtundu wachiwiri, chizindikiro chowunikira chowunikira chikuwonetsedwa ndi chinthu choyang'aniridwa ndikubwerera ku kuwala. ar ndi rotary motion.Masensa awa amagwera m'magulu atatu akuluakulu;ma encoder optical transmissive, ma encoder owoneka bwino, ndi ma encoder optical interferometric.
Akupanga malo masensa ntchito piezoelectric crystal transducers kuti atulutse mkulu-frequency akupanga mafunde.Sensa imayesa kuwonetseredwa phokoso.Masensa a Ultrasonic angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati masensa oyandikira pafupi, kapena mapangidwe ovuta kwambiri angapereke zambiri.Ultrasonic position sensors amagwira ntchito ndi chandamale cha zinthu zosiyanasiyana ndi mawonekedwe a pamwamba, ndipo amatha kuzindikira mtunda wautali kwambiri kuposa mitundu ina yaing'ono. Zitsanzo za ntchito zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito masensa akupanga mawonekedwe amadzimadzi, kuwerengera mothamanga kwa zinthu, makina oyendetsa maloboti, komanso kumva kwa magalimoto. ).
Masensa a malo amatha kuyeza mtheradi kapena wachibale wozungulira, wozungulira komanso wozungulira wa zinthu.Masensa a malo amatha kuyeza kayendedwe ka zipangizo monga ma actuators kapena motors.Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pamapulatifomu amtundu monga maloboti ndi magalimoto.Matekinoloje osiyanasiyana amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga masensa omwe ali ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kukhazikika kwa chilengedwe, mtengo, kubwereza, kubwereza, ndi zina.
3D Magnetic Position Sensors, Allegro MicrosystemsKusanthula ndi Kupititsa patsogolo Chitetezo cha Ma Ultrasonic Sensors a Magalimoto Odziyimira Pawokha, IEEE Internet of Things Journal Momwe mungasankhire sensa yapamalo, Cambridge Integrated CircuitsPosition sensor mitundu, Ixthus InstrumentationKodi sensa yochititsa chidwi ndi chiyani?, Kuzindikira kwa MagsineTEK, MagsineSensitiveK ndi chiyani?
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