Mpunga.1. Njira Yoyang'anira Zopangira Stainless Steel Weld: Msonkhano Wawiri wa 2D Matrix mu TRL Mode.

Ma code, stanadards, ndi njira zasintha kuti zilole kugwiritsa ntchito magawo apakati a ultrasonic test (PAUT) m'malo mwa RT poyesa ma welds austenitic.Choyamba chogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale opangira mphamvu za nyukiliya pafupifupi zaka 15 zapitazo, kugwiritsa ntchito magulu awiri amtundu wa 2D (2D) kufalikira kumafuta ndi gasi ndi mafakitale ena komwe kumafunikira kuyang'ana mwachangu, kodalirika komanso kotetezeka kwa ma welds austenitic apamwamba kwambiri.
Zida zaposachedwa kwambiri zonyamulika zili ndi pulogalamu yamphamvu yomangidwa yomwe imakupatsani mwayi wokhazikitsa mwachangu komanso moyenera, kutumiza ndikumasulira masikani amtundu wa 2D matrix popanda kuitanitsa mafayilo amalamulo opangidwa ndi zowerengera zakunja kapena makina owongolera akutali pogwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu apamwamba.pulogalamu ya PC.
Masiku ano, matekinoloje owunikira otengera 2D array transducers amapereka luso lapamwamba lozindikira zolakwika za girth ndi axial muzitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri ndi ma welds achitsulo osiyanasiyana.Kukonzekera kokhazikika kwa 2D dual matrix kungathe kuphimba bwino kuchuluka kwa zowotcherera zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri ndipo kumatha kuzindikira zolakwika zosalala komanso zochulukirapo.
Njira zoyendera ma Ultrasound nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi mitundu iwiri ya matrices amitundu iwiri omwe amaikidwa pazigawo zongosinthika zongofanana ndi mphero zomwe mikombero yake imafanana ndi m'mimba mwake akunja kwa gawo lomwe likuganiziridwa.Gwiritsani ntchito ma frequency otsika - 1.5 MHz pazowotcherera zitsulo zosiyana ndi zida zina zochepetsera, 2 MHz mpaka 3.5 MHz pamagawo achitsulo osapanga dzimbiri opangidwa ndi yunifolomu ndi ma welds.
Kukonzekera kwapawiri kwa T / R (kutumiza / kulandira) kumapereka ubwino wotsatirawu: palibe pafupi ndi "zone yakufa", kuchotsa "phantom echoes" chifukwa cha maonekedwe a mkati mwa mphero, ndipo pamapeto pake kukhudzidwa kwabwinoko ndi chiŵerengero cha phokoso (chiwerengero cha chiŵerengero / phokoso).chithunzi chaphokoso) ) chifukwa cha kusinthika kwa mitengo ya T ndi R.
Tiyeni tiwone njira ya PA UT yowongolera kupanga ma welds zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri za austenitic.
Poyendetsa kupanga, m'malo mwa RT, kuwongolera kuyenera kuphimba kuchuluka kwa weld ndi makulidwe onse a khoma la malo omwe akukhudzidwa ndi kutentha.Nthawi zambiri, kapu ya solder imakhalapo.Mu mpweya zitsulo welds, Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito kukameta ubweya mafunde sonicate ankalamulira voliyumu mbali zonse, pamene otsiriza theka yoweyula nthawi zambiri ntchito kupeza specular zimaonetsera ku zolakwika pa weld bevel.
Pafupipafupi, njira yofananira ya shear wave ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuyesa proximal bevel ya zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, koma sizodalirika pakuyesa kudzera pa austenitic weld material.Kuphatikiza apo, zomwe zimatchedwa ma welds a CRA, pali zokutira zamtundu wa aloyi zomwe zimalimbana ndi dzimbiri mkati mwa chitoliro chachitsulo cha kaboni, ndipo theka lomaliza la kulumpha kwa waya kwa mtanda silingagwiritsidwe ntchito bwino.
Tiyeni tiwone njira zodziwira zitsanzo pogwiritsa ntchito chida chonyamulika cha UT ndi mapulogalamu, monga zikuwonekera pa Chithunzi 1.
Ma transducer amitundu iwiri ya 2D omwe amapanga 30 mpaka 85 degree P-wave refracted matanda omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuphimba voliyumu yonse.Kwa makulidwe a khoma kuchokera ku 15 mpaka 50 mm, ma frequency kuchokera ku 1.5 mpaka 2.25 MHz amaonedwa kuti ndi oyenera, kutengera kuchepetsedwa kwa gawo lapansi.
Ndi kukhathamiritsa ndi mphero ngodya ndi kasinthidwe wa gulu kafukufuku zinthu, osiyanasiyana refractive ngodya jambulani akhoza efficiently kwaiye popanda kugwirizana mbali lobes (mkuyu. 2).Mapazi a wedge node mu ndege ya zochitika amachepetsedwa, kulola malo otulukapo kuti akhale pafupi ndi weld momwe angathere.
Kachitidwe ka 2.25 MHz 10 x 3 mndandanda wamitundu iwiri mumtundu wa TRL adawunikidwa pa khoma la 25 mm makulidwe a 304 mbale yachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri.Zoyesererazo zinali ndi malo otsetsereka ngati V komanso "monga-welded" pamwamba ndipo zinali ndi zolakwika zenizeni komanso zolembedwa bwino zofananira ndi weld.
Mpunga.3. Kuphatikizika kwa magawo osiyanasiyana amtundu wa 2.25 MHz 10 x 3 Dual Array (TRL) pagulu la 304 stainless steel weld.
Pa mkuyu.3 ikuwonetsa zithunzi za data ya PAR yophatikizika pamakona onse a refraction (kuyambira 30 ° mpaka 85 ° LW) kutalika konse kwa weld.Kupeza deta kunkachitika pamlingo wopeza ndalama zochepa kuti apewe kuchuluka kwa zolakwika zowunikira kwambiri.Kusintha kwa data kwa 16-bit kumathandizira zosintha zoyenera zofewa zamitundu yosiyanasiyana yazovuta.Kutanthauzira kwa data kumatha kutsogozedwa ndikuyika bwino chotsekera chowonetsera.
Chithunzi cha vuto limodzi lopangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito deta yophatikizidwa ikuwonetsedwa pa chithunzi 4. Onani zotsatira:
Ngati simukufuna kuchotsa pulagi musanayambe kuyendera, njira ina yoyendera ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuti muzindikire ming'alu ya axial (transverse) muzitsulo zazitsulo: kafukufuku wamtundu umodzi angagwiritsidwe ntchito pamtundu wa pulse echo kuti "apendeke" pulagi yowotcherera Phokoso la phokoso kuchokera pansi.
Moyenera, zowotcherera ziyenera kuyang'aniridwa munjira zinayi zamitengo (Chithunzi 5) ndipo pamafunika ma weji awiri ofananira kuti awunike mbali zosiyana, motsata wotchi komanso mopingasa.Kutengera pafupipafupi komanso kukula kwa zinthu zamtundu uliwonse, gulu la wedge litha kukonzedwa kuti lipeze ma angles a refraction kuchokera ku 40 ° mpaka 65 ° pokhudzana ndi momwe ma scan axis.Kupitilira 50 kunyezimira kumagwera pa selo iliyonse yosaka.Chida chapamwamba kwambiri cha US PA chokhala ndi chowerengera chokhazikika chitha kuthana ndi tanthauzo la malamulo okhazikika okhala ndi masiketi osiyanasiyana, monga momwe chithunzi 6 chikusonyezera.
Nthawi zambiri, macheke amizere iwiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti akwaniritse kuchuluka kwa cheke.Malo axial a mizere iwiri yojambulira amatsimikiziridwa kuchokera ku makulidwe a chitoliro ndi m'lifupi mwa nsonga yowotcherera.Mzere woyamba wojambulira umayenda moyandikira kwambiri m'mphepete mwa chowotcherera, ndikuwulula zolakwika zomwe zili muzu wa weld, ndipo mzere wachiwiri wojambulira umamaliza kuphimba HAZ.Malo oyambira a probe node adzakongoletsedwa kotero kuti malo otulukamo ndi pafupi kwambiri ndi chala cha korona popanda zowunikira zamkati mkati mwamphepoyo.
Njira yowunikirayi yapezeka kuti ndi yothandiza kwambiri pakuzindikira zolakwika za axial zolakwika.Pa mkuyu.7 ikuwonetsa chithunzi chokhazikika chojambulidwa pa axial crack mu weld chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri: zolakwika zidapezeka pamakona osiyanasiyana okonda ndipo SNR yayikulu imatha kuwonedwa.
Chithunzi 7: Kuphatikizika kwa magawo ang'onoang'ono a ming'alu ya axial mu kuwotcherera zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri (makona osiyanasiyana a SW ndi zotengera): projekiti wamba (kumanzere) ndi projekiti ya polar (kumanja).
Ubwino wa PA UT wotsogola ngati njira ina yopangira ma radiography akupitilizabe kukhudzidwa mumafuta ndi gasi, kupanga magetsi, kupanga ndi mafakitale ena omwe amadalira kuwunika kodalirika kwa ma welds austenitic.Momwemonso, zida zophatikizika kwathunthu za PA UT, firmware yamphamvu ndi 2D array probes zikupitilizabe kupangitsa kuwunikaku kukhala kopanda mtengo komanso kothandiza.
Guy Maes ndi director of sales wa Zetec ku UT.Kupitilira zaka 25 pakupanga ndi kukhazikitsa njira zapamwamba za ultrasound, kuwunika kwaluso ndi chitukuko cha mapulogalamu.Kuti mudziwe zambiri, imbani (425) 974-2700 kapena pitani www.zetec.com.
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