Gucunga neza ivumbi birashobora kuba ingorabahizi kumaduka mato mato mato. Hano hepfo harasubizwa ibibazo bikunze kubazwa nabashinzwe amaduka mato mato mato mato mato yerekeye gucunga neza ikirere. Amashusho meza
Gusudira, gukata plasma, no gukata lazeri bitanga imyotsi, bakunze kwita imyotsi, igizwe nuduce twinshi twumukungugu wo mu kirere tugizwe nibintu bito byumye.Uyu mukungugu urashobora kugabanya ubwiza bwumwuka, kurakaza amaso cyangwa uruhu, kwangiza ibihaha, kandi bigahinduka akaga iyo bituye hejuru.
Gutunganya imyotsi irashobora kuba irimo okiside, okiside ya fer, nikel, manganese, umuringa, chromium, kadmium na okiside ya zinc. Bimwe mubikorwa byo gusudira nabyo bitanga imyuka yubumara nka dioxyde ya azote, monoxyde de carbone na ozone.
Gucunga neza ivumbi numwotsi mukazi ni ngombwa mumutekano wabakozi bawe, ibikoresho nibidukikije.Uburyo bwiza bwo gufata umukungugu ni ugukoresha sisitemu yo gukusanya iyikura mu kirere, ikayirekura hanze, kandi igasubiza umwuka mwiza mu nzu.
Ariko, gucunga ivumbi neza birashobora kuba ingorabahizi kububiko buto cyangwa buciriritse bitewe nigiciro nibindi byihutirwa.Bimwe muribi bikoresho bizagerageza kugenzura ivumbi numwotsi wenyine, ukeka ko ububiko bwabo budakeneye sisitemu yo gukusanya ivumbi.
Waba utangiye cyangwa umaze imyaka myinshi ukora ubucuruzi, urashobora gushimishwa nibisubizo byibibazo bikunze kubazwa nabashinzwe amaduka mato mato mato mato yerekeye gucunga neza ikirere.
Ubwa mbere, witonze utegure gahunda yubuzima no kugabanya ingaruka zubuzima.Urugero, isuzuma ryisuku yinganda rizagufasha kumenya ibintu byangiza mukungugu no kumenya urwego rugaragaramo. Iri suzuma rigomba kuba rikubiyemo gusuzuma ikigo cyawe kugirango umenye ko wujuje ubuziranenge bw’akazi (OSHA) Ibipimo byemewe by’umukungugu biterwa no gusaba kwawe.
Baza ibikoresho byawe byo gukuramo ivumbi niba bishobora gusaba isuku yinganda cyangwa uruganda rukora ibidukikije rufite uburambe mugutahura umukungugu numwotsi wihariye mubikorwa byo gukora ibyuma.
Niba urimo usubiramo umwuka mwiza usubira mu kigo cyawe, menya neza ko igumye munsi yimipaka ikora yashyizweho na OSHA PEL yanduye.Niba usohokanye ikirere hanze, ibuka ko ugomba kubahiriza Ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe kurengera ibidukikije (EPA) Ibipimo by’ibyuka bihumanya ikirere byangiza ikirere.
Hanyuma, mugihe utegura sisitemu yo gukuramo ivumbi, ugomba kwemeza ko urema ahantu ho gusudira hizewe ukurikije Cs eshatu zo gukuramo ivumbi no kuvanaho umwotsi: gufata, gutanga, no kubamo.Iki gishushanyo mubisanzwe kirimo ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bwo gufata umwotsi cyangwa uburyo, gufata ahantu hafatirwa, gupima neza imiyoboro isubira mubikusanyirizo hamwe na static.
Uru nurugero rwumukungugu wumukungugu wa karitsiye uherereye hanze yikigo cyo gusudira. Ishusho: Camfil APC
Sisitemu yo gukusanya ivumbi yagenewe ibikorwa byawe ni igenzura ryemejwe kandi ryemejwe rifata, ritanga kandi rikaba ryangiza ibyuka bihumanya ikirere. Ikusanyirizo ryumukungugu wibitangazamakuru byumye hamwe na filtri ya karitsiye ikora neza hamwe na filteri ya kabiri irakwiriye gufata uduce twinshi twumukungugu.
Sisitemu yo gufata inkomoko irazwi cyane mubisabwa birimo gusudira ibice bito n'ibikoresho. Mubisanzwe, harimo imbunda zo gukuramo umwotsi (inama zo guswera), amaboko yo gukuramo byoroshye, hamwe na fume ya fume cyangwa udukingirizo duto twa fume hamwe n'ingabo zo ku mpande.Ibisanzwe biramenyerewe kuba porogaramu yihariye hamwe no guhungabanya akazi.
Ibirindiro hamwe nigifuniko cya kanopi mubisanzwe bikoreshwa mubice bifite ibirenge bya metero 12 kuri metero 20 cyangwa munsi yayo. Imyenda cyangwa inkuta zikomeye zirashobora kongerwaho kumpande zuruzitiro kugirango habeho icyumba cyangwa uruzitiro.Mu bijyanye na selile yo gusudira ya robo, akenshi birashoboka gukoresha uruzitiro rwuzuye hejuru no kuzenguruka.Ibikoresho bikoreshwa na robo imwe ya robot imwe.
Mugihe porogaramu yawe idahuye nibyifuzo byavuzwe haruguru, sisitemu yibidukikije irashobora gushirwaho kugirango ikureho umwotsi kuri benshi, niba atari ikigo cyose. Komeza uzirikane ko mugihe uva mumasoko yaturutse, uruzitiro hamwe na hood ukajya gukusanya ibidukikije, ikirere gisabwa cyiyongera cyane, kimwe nigiciro cyibiciro bya sisitemu.
Amaduka menshi mato mato mato akunda kwitabira nyuma yo kugerageza gukoresha uburyo bwo kuzigama amafaranga DIY, nko gufungura inzugi n'amadirishya no gushyiraho sisitemu zabo bwite, kugirango bigenzure umwotsi.Ikibazo nuko imyotsi mibi yarangiza ikaba ikibazo kinini kandi ikunda kurenga kuri ubu buryo mugihe byongera ibiciro byingufu cyangwa bigatera umuvuduko mwinshi mubi mukigo.
Ikintu cya mbere ugomba gukora nukumenya aho ibibazo bikunze kugaragara mubigo byawe.Ibi birashobora kuba umwotsi wameza ya plasma, arc gouging yubusa, cyangwa gusudira kumurimo wakazi. Kuva aho, kora inzira itanga umwotsi mwinshi mbere. Ukurikije ubwinshi bwumwotsi wakozwe, sisitemu yikuramo irashobora kugufasha kunyuramo.
Inzira nziza yo kugabanya abakozi bahura numwotsi wangiza nugukorana numushinga mwiza wo gukusanya umukungugu ushobora kugufasha kumenya no gukora sisitemu yihariye yikigo cyawe.Ubusanzwe, ibi birimo gushyiramo sisitemu yo gukusanya ivumbi hamwe na filteri yambere ya karitsiye hamwe na filteri yumutekano muke wa kabiri.
Itangazamakuru ryibanze ryungurura wahisemo kuri buri porogaramu rigomba gushingira ku bunini bwumukungugu, ibiranga urujya n'uruza, ubwinshi nogukwirakwiza. Akayunguruzo ko kugenzura umutekano wa kabiri, nka HEPA muyunguruzi, kongerera ubushobozi gufata gufata mikoro 0.3 cyangwa irenga (gufata ijanisha ryinshi rya PM1) kandi bikabuza umwotsi wangiza kurekurwa mukirere mugihe habaye kunanirwa gushungura.
Niba usanzwe ufite sisitemu yo gucunga umwotsi, genzura neza ububiko bwawe kubintu byerekana ko bidakora neza. Bimwe mubimenyetso byo kuburira birimo:
Witondere ibicu byumwotsi ubyibushye kandi umanike mu kirere umunsi wose nyuma yibikorwa byawe byo gusudira.Nyamara, kwirundanya kwinshi kwumwotsi ntabwo bivuze ko sisitemu yo gukuramo idakora neza, birashobora gusobanura ko warengeje ubushobozi bwa sisitemu yawe ya none.Niba uherutse kongera umusaruro wawe, ushobora gukenera kongera gusuzuma ibyo ukora hanyuma ugahindura kugirango wongere ibikorwa.
Gucunga neza ivumbi numwotsi ningirakamaro kumutekano w'abakozi bawe, ibikoresho hamwe nibidukikije.
Hanyuma, burigihe nibyingenzi gutega amatwi, kwitegereza, no kubaza abakozi bawe.Bashobora kukumenyesha niba igenzura ryubu ryubu rikoresha neza umukungugu mukigo cyawe kandi bagatanga ibitekerezo byiterambere.
Amategeko ya OSHA kubucuruzi buciriritse arashobora kugorana, cyane cyane mugihe cyo kumenya amategeko ugomba gukurikiza nayahe usonewe. Kenshi na kenshi, amaduka mato atekereza ko ashobora kuguruka munsi ya radar yamabwiriza ya OSHA-kugeza igihe umukozi yitotombeye. Reka tubyumve neza: Kwirengagiza amabwiriza ntibikuraho ingaruka zubuzima bwabakozi.
Dukurikije ingingo ya 5 (a) (1) y’ingingo rusange y’inshingano za OSHA, abakoresha bagomba kumenya no kugabanya ingaruka z’akazi ku kazi.Ibyo bivuze ko abakoresha bagomba kubika inyandiko zigaragaza ingaruka zose (ivumbi) ziva mu bigo byabo.Niba umukungugu ushobora gutwikwa kandi ugaturika, gucunga ivumbi bigomba gukorwa hakurikijwe amahame y’ishyirahamwe ry’igihugu rishinzwe kurinda umuriro, niba atari byo, inyandiko zigenzura zigomba kubikwa.
OSHA ishyiraho kandi ibipimo bya PEL byangiza imyuka ihumanya ikirere biva mu gusudira no gukora ibyuma.Iyi PEL ishingiye ku masaha 8 yapimye uburemere bwikigereranyo cyumukungugu amagana, harimo n’ibiri mu byuka byo gusudira no gukora ibyuma byashyizwe ku rutonde rwa Annotated PEL.
Nkuko byavuzwe, umwotsi urashobora kurakaza amaso nuruhu.Nyamara, ugomba no kumenya ingaruka zuburozi.
Ikintu cyihariye (PM) gifite umurambararo wa microne 10 cyangwa munsi yayo (≤ PM10) gishobora kugera mu myanya y'ubuhumekero, mu gihe uduce duto twa microne 2,5 cyangwa munsi yayo (≤ PM2.5) dushobora kwinjira mu bihaha.
Guhura na PM buri gihe byongera ibyago byindwara zubuhumekero, harimo na kanseri yibihaha. Ibice byinshi biva mu gusudira no gukora ibyuma bigwa muri uru rwego, kandi imiterere nuburemere bwibyago bizatandukana bitewe nubwoko bwibikoresho bitunganywa. Waba ukoresha ibyuma bitagira umwanda, ibyuma byoroheje, aluminiyumu, galvanis, cyangwa ibindi bikoresho, impapuro zumutekano wibintu nibintu byiza byo gutangiriraho kumenya ingaruka zubuzima.
Manganese nicyuma nyamukuru mu gusudira kandi gishobora gutera umutwe, umunaniro, kutagira urutonde nintege nke. Kumara igihe kinini umwotsi wa manganese bishobora gutera ibibazo byubwonko.
Guhura na chromium hexavalent (chromium hexavalent), kanseri ikorwa mugihe cyo gusudira ibyuma birimo chromium, birashobora gutera uburwayi bwubuhumekero bwigihe gito no guhuma amaso cyangwa kurwara uruhu.
Okiside ya Zinc ituruka kumikorere ishyushye yicyuma gishobora gutera umuriro wibyuma, uburwayi bwigihe gito nibimenyetso nkibicurane nyuma yo kuva kumasaha yakazi, nko muri wikendi cyangwa nyuma yikiruhuko.
Niba usanzwe ufite sisitemu yo gucunga umwotsi, genzura ububiko bwawe witonze kugirango ibintu byerekana ko bidakora neza, nkibicu byumwotsi byiyongera umunsi wose.
Ibimenyetso nibimenyetso bya beryllium bishobora kuba birimo guhumeka neza, inkorora, umunaniro, guta ibiro, umuriro, no kubira ibyuya nijoro.
Mubikorwa byo gusudira no gukata amashyuza, sisitemu yateguwe neza kandi ikomeza gukururwa ivumbi irinda ibibazo byubuhumekero kubakozi kandi igakomeza ibikoresho bijyanye nubuziranenge bwikirere.
Yego.Umwuka wuzuye umwotsi urashobora kwambika ubushyuhe bwo guhinduranya ubushyuhe hamwe no gukonjesha gukonjesha, bigatuma sisitemu ya HVAC isaba kubungabungwa kenshi.Umwotsi wo gusudira urashobora kwinjira muyunguruzo rusanzwe rwa HVAC, bigatuma sisitemu yo gushyushya itananirwa no gufunga ibyuma bifata ibyuma bifata ibyuma bikonjesha.
Amategeko yoroshye ariko yingirakamaro yumutekano nugusimbuza ivumbi mbere yuko biba byinshi.Simbuza akayunguruzo niba ubonye kimwe muribi bikurikira:
Bimwe mu birebire birebire bya cartridge muyunguruzi birashobora gukora imyaka ibiri cyangwa irenga hagati yimpinduka.Nyamara, porogaramu zifite imizigo iremereye akenshi bisaba guhinduranya kenshi.
Guhitamo uburyo bwiza bwo gusimbuza ibyegeranyo bya karitsiye yawe birashobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye kubiciro no mumikorere ya sisitemu. Witondere mugihe ugura akayunguruzo ko gusimbuza amakarito yawe - ntabwo byose byungurura.
Akenshi, abaguzi bagumanye nagaciro keza.Nyamara, igiciro cyurutonde ntabwo aricyo cyiza cyo kugura akayunguruzo ka karitsiye.
Muri rusange, kukurinda hamwe nabakozi bawe hamwe na sisitemu ikwiye yo gukusanya ivumbi bizagera kure kugirango ufashe ubucuruzi bwawe buciriritse no hagati gutera imbere.
WELDER, yahoze ari Welding Pratique uyumunsi, yerekana abantu nyabo bakora ibicuruzwa dukoresha kandi dukorana burimunsi.Iki kinyamakuru kimaze imyaka isaga 20 gikorera umuryango wo gusudira muri Amerika ya ruguru.
Noneho hamwe no kubona uburyo bwuzuye bwa digitale ya FABRICATOR, byoroshye kubona umutungo winganda zingirakamaro.
Igitabo cya Digitale y'Ikinyamakuru Tube & Pipe ubu kiragerwaho rwose, gitanga uburyo bworoshye bwo kubona ibikoresho by'inganda bifite agaciro.
Ishimire byuzuye kubisobanuro bya digitale yikinyamakuru STAMPING, gitanga iterambere rigezweho ryikoranabuhanga, imikorere myiza namakuru yinganda kumasoko ya kashe.
Noneho hamwe no kubona byuzuye kuri digitale ya The Fabricator en Español, byoroshye kubona umutungo winganda zingirakamaro.