Ikibazo: Duherutse gutangira gukora imirimo imwe n'imwe isaba ibice bimwe na bimwe gukorwa cyane cyane mucyiciro cya 304 cyuma kitagira umwanda, gisudira ubwacyo ndetse nicyuma cyoroheje. Twabonye ibibazo bimwe na bimwe byacitse ku byuma bitagira umuyonga kugeza ku cyuma cya 1.25 ″ .Byavuzwe ko dufite ibara rya ferrite nkeya.Ushobora gusobanura icyo aricyo nuburyo bwo kugikemura?
Igisubizo: Iki nikibazo cyiza.Yego, turashobora kugufasha kumva icyo kubara ferrite nkeya bivuze nuburyo bwo kuyirinda.
Ubwa mbere, reka dusubiremo ibisobanuro byibyuma bidafite ingese (SS) nuburyo ferrite ifitanye isano ningingo zasuditswe.Icyuma cyumukara hamwe nudusimba turimo ibyuma birenga 50 %.Ibi birimo ibyuma byose bya karubone kandi bitagira umwanda hamwe nandi matsinda yasobanuwe.Aluminum, umuringa na titanium ntabwo irimo ibyuma, bityo rero ni urugero rwiza rwibintu bitarimo ferrous.
Ibice byingenzi bigize iyi mavuta ni ibyuma bya karubone byibuze 90% byicyuma na SS hamwe nicyuma 70 kugeza 80%. Kugirango ushyirwe muri SS, igomba kuba byibuze hiyongereyeho chromium 11.5%.
SS igabanyijemo amatsinda atatu: austenite, ferrite na martensite. Izina ryabo rituruka mubyumba-ubushyuhe bwa kirisiti ya kirisiti ituma bakora. Irindi tsinda risanzwe ni duplex SS, ni uburinganire hagati ya ferrite na austenite muburyo bwa kristu.
Ibyiciro bya Austenitike, urukurikirane rwa 300, birimo chromium 16% kugeza 30% na nikel 8% kugeza 40%, bikora imiterere ya kirisiti yiganjemo austenitis.Kugirango habeho ishyirwaho ryikigereranyo cya austenite-ferrite, stabilisateur nka nikel, karubone, manganese na azote byongeweho mugihe cyo gukora ibyuma.Bimwe mubyiciro rusange ni 304, 316 na 347.ikoreshwa cyane cyane mubiribwa, serivisi yimiti, imiti na cryogenic ikoreshwa.Gucunga imiterere ya ferrite itanga ubukonje buke buke.
Ferritic SS nicyiciro 400 cyurukurikirane rwuzuye rukuruzi, rurimo chromium 11.5% kugeza 30%, kandi rufite ferritic yiganjemo imiterere ya kirisiti.Guteza imbere ishingwa rya ferrite, stabilisateur zirimo chromium, silicon, molybdenum, na niobium mugihe cyo gukora ibyuma. Ubu bwoko bwa SS bukunze gukoreshwa mumashanyarazi asohora amamodoka hamwe ninganda zikoresha 406.
Indangamanota ya Martensitis, nayo yagaragajwe nuruhererekane 400 nka 403, 410 na 440, ni magnetique, irimo chromium 11.5% kugeza 18%, kandi ifite martensite nkuburyo bwa kristu.Iyi mikoranire ifite zahabu nkeya, bigatuma itahenze cyane kubyara.Batanga imbaraga zo kurwanya ruswa;imbaraga zidasanzwe;kandi zikoreshwa cyane mubikoresho byo kumeza, amenyo nububaga, ibikoresho byo guteka, nubwoko bwibikoresho.
Iyo usudiye SS, ubwoko bwa substrate hamwe nibisabwa muri serivisi bizagena icyuma cyuzuza gikwiye gukoreshwa.Niba ukoresheje uburyo bwo gukingira gaze, ushobora gukenera kwitondera byumwihariko kurinda imvange ya gaze kugirango wirinde ibibazo bimwe na bimwe bijyanye no gusudira.
Kugurisha 304 kuri yo ubwayo, uzakenera electrode ya E308 / 308L. "L" igereranya karubone nkeya, ifasha mukurinda kwangirika kwimitsi. Izi electrode zifite karubone iri munsi ya 0.03%;ikintu cyose kiri hejuru yibi byongera ibyago byo kugwa kwa karubone kumupaka wimbuto no guhuza na chromium kugirango bikore karubumu ya chromium, bigabanye neza kurwanya ruswa yibyuma.Ibyo bigaragarira mugihe ruswa iboneka mukarere katewe nubushyuhe (HAZ) ka SS kegeranye. Ubundi buryo bwo gutekereza kuri L urwego SS ni uko bafite imbaraga nke zubushyuhe bukabije kurwego rwa SS.
Kubera ko 304 ari ubwoko bwa SS bwa austenitike, icyuma gihuye nacyo kizaba kirimo igice kinini cya austenite.Nyamara, electrode ubwayo izaba irimo stabilisateur ferrite, nka molybdenum, kugirango iteze imbere ferrite mubyuma byasudutse. Ababikora mubisanzwe berekana urutonde rusanzwe rwinshi rwa ferrite kubintu byongeweho kugirango bitangwe neza na karubone. .
Imibare ya Ferrite ikomoka ku gishushanyo cya Schaeffler nigishushanyo cya WRC-1992, ikoresha nikel na chromium ihwanye no kubara agaciro, iyo giteganijwe ku gishushanyo gitanga umubare usanzwe.Umubare wa ferrite uri hagati ya 0 na 7 uhuye nubunini bwijana bwimiterere ya ferrite ya kristu iri mubyuma byasudutse;icyakora, kurwego rwo hejuru, umubare wa ferrite wiyongera kumuvuduko wihuse. Wibuke ko ferrite muri SS itameze nka ferrite ya fer carbone, ahubwo icyiciro cyitwa delta ferrite.Austenitike SS ntabwo ihindura icyiciro kijyanye nubushyuhe bwo hejuru nko kuvura ubushyuhe.
Ihinduka rya ferrite irifuzwa cyane kuko irigora cyane kuruta austenite, ariko igomba kugenzurwa. Hasi ya ferrite irashobora kubyara weld ifite imbaraga zo kurwanya ruswa mubisabwa bimwe na bimwe, ariko bikunda guhura cyane no gushyuha mugihe cyo gusudira.Mu bihe rusange bikoreshwa, kubara ferrite bigomba kuba hagati ya 5 na 10, ariko kubisabwa bimwe na bimwe bishobora kugereranywa na ferrite.
Kubera ko wavuze ko ufite ibibazo byacitse hamwe numubare muke wa ferrite, ugomba kwitegereza neza ibyuma byuzuza hanyuma ukareba ko bitanga ibara rya ferrite ihagije - hafi 8 igomba gufasha.Ikindi kandi, niba ukoresha flux cored arc welding (FCAW), ibyo byuma byuzuza ubusanzwe bifashisha ibyuma bya karuboni 100% byangiza gaze ya gaze ya karuboni / 25% ya CO2. (GMAW) gutunganya no gukoresha 98% ya argon / 2% ivanze na ogisijeni kugirango ugabanye amahirwe yo gufata karubone.
Kugirango usudire SS mubyuma bya karubone ugomba gukoresha ibikoresho byuzuza E309L.Iki cyuma cyuzuza gikoreshwa byumwihariko mugusudira ibyuma bidasa kandi bigakora urugero runaka rwa ferrite nyuma yicyuma cya karubone kivanze muri weld.Kubera ko karubone zimwe zinjizwa mubyuma bya karubone, stabilisateur ferrite yongewe mubyuma byuzuza ibyuma bifata amashanyarazi.
Muncamake, niba ushaka kuvanaho ibice bishyushye kuri austenitis SS yasuditswe, genzura ibyuma bihagije byuzuza ferrite hanyuma ukurikize uburyo bwiza bwo gusudira. Komeza kwinjiza ubushyuhe buri munsi ya 50 kJ / santimetero, komeza ubushyuhe buringaniye kandi buke, kandi urebe ko ingingo zigurisha zidafite umwanda wose mbere yo kugurisha. Koresha igipimo gikwiye kugirango ugenzure umubare wa ferrite kuri 10.
WELDER, yahoze ari Welding Pratique uyumunsi, yerekana abantu nyabo bakora ibicuruzwa dukoresha kandi dukorana burimunsi.Iki kinyamakuru kimaze imyaka isaga 20 gikorera umuryango wo gusudira muri Amerika ya ruguru.
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