Ibyuma bitagira umwanda ntabwo byanze bikunze bigoye gukorana nabyo, ariko gusudira bisaba kwitondera neza birambuye.Ntabwo bigabanya ubushyuhe nkibyuma byoroheje cyangwa aluminiyumu, kandi birashobora gutakaza imbaraga zo kwangirika iyo ushizemo ubushyuhe bwinshi.Ibikorwa byiza bifasha kugumya kurwanya ruswa. Ishusho: Miller Electric
Kurwanya kwangirika kwicyuma kitagira umwanda bituma uhitamo gushimishije mubikorwa byinshi byoguswera, harimo ibiryo n'ibinyobwa bisukuye cyane, imiti, imiti y’umuvuduko hamwe n’ibikomoka kuri peteroli.Nyamara, ibi bikoresho ntabwo bigabanya ubushyuhe nkibyuma byoroheje cyangwa aluminiyumu, kandi gusudira bidakwiye birashobora kugabanya ubukana bwabyo kandi gukoresha ibyuma byuzuza nabi ni bibiri.
Gukurikiza uburyo bwiza bwo gusudira ibyuma bidafite ingese birashobora gufasha kunoza ibisubizo no kwemeza ko icyuma kigumana imbaraga zo kwangirika. Byongeye kandi, kuzamura uburyo bwo gusudira bishobora kuzana umusaruro utabangamiye ubuziranenge.
Mu gusudira ibyuma bidafite ingese, guhitamo ibyuma byuzuza ni ngombwa mu kugenzura ibirimo karubone. Ibyuma byuzuza bikoreshwa mu gusudira ibyuma bitagira umuyonga bigomba kongera imikorere yo gusudira kandi byujuje ibisabwa.
Reba ibyuma byuzuza byanditseho "L", nka ER308L, kuko bitanga urugero rwo hasi rwa karubone ifasha kugumya kwangirika kwangirika kwicyuma cya karuboni nkeya idafite ibyuma. Gusudira ibyuma bya karuboni nkeya hamwe nibyuma byuzuza byongera ibyuka bya karubone byingingo zasizwe, byongera ibyago byo kwangirika bisabwa hamwe na "H" nkuko biri hejuru.
Iyo gusudira ibyuma bitagira umwanda, ni ngombwa kandi guhitamo icyuma cyuzuza gifite urwego ruto (nanone ruzwi nkumwanda) wibintu.Ibi nibintu bisigaye mubikoresho fatizo bikoreshwa mugukora ibyuma byuzuza, harimo antimoni, arsenic, fosifore na sulfuru.Birashobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye kubirwanya kwangirika kwibintu.
Kubera ko ibyuma bitagira umwanda byunvikana cyane no kwinjiza ubushyuhe, gutegura hamwe no guteranya neza bigira uruhare runini mugucunga ubushyuhe kugirango bigumane ibintu bifatika.Kubera icyuho kiri hagati yibice cyangwa bidahuye neza, itara rigomba kuguma ahantu hamwe igihe kirekire kandi hasabwa ibyuma byinshi byuzuza ibyo byuho.Ibi birashobora gutuma ubushyuhe bwiyongera mubice byangiritse bikabasha gushyushya icyuho kugirango habeho icyuho gikenewe kugirango wuzuze igice. hafi yo gutungana bishoboka.
Isuku yibi bikoresho nayo ni ingenzi cyane.Byinshi cyane byanduye cyangwa umwanda mubice bifatanye bishobora gutera inenge zigabanya imbaraga no kurwanya ruswa yibicuruzwa byanyuma. Kugira ngo usukure substrate mbere yo gusudira, koresha icyuma kidafite ingese kidasanzwe kitakoreshejwe kumyuma ya karubone cyangwa aluminium.
Mu byuma bidafite ingese, sensibilisation niyo mpamvu nyamukuru yo gutakaza imbaraga zo kurwanya ruswa. Ibi birashobora kubaho mugihe ubushyuhe bwo gusudira hamwe nigipimo cyo gukonja bihindagurika cyane, bigahindura microstructure yibikoresho.
Iyi OD yasudiye kumuyoboro wicyuma, usudira ukoresheje GMAW kandi ugenga ibyuma byateganijwe (RMD) udasubije inyuma yumuzi wumuzi, birasa mumiterere nubuziranenge kubudodo bukozwe na GTAW yasubijwe inyuma.
Igice cyingenzi cyicyuma cyangirika cyangirika ni okiside ya chromium.Ariko niba karubone iri muri weld ari ndende cyane, karbide ya chromium izashiraho.Ibi bihuza chromium kandi ikabuza gushiraho okiside ya chromium yifuza, itanga ibyuma byangirika byangirika.Niba nta oxyde ihagije ya chromium, ibikoresho ntibizaba bifite ibintu byifuzwa kandi byangirika.
Kwirinda ubukangurambaga biza kumanura ibyuma byuzuza no kugenzura ibyinjira mubushuhe.Nkuko byavuzwe haruguru, ni ngombwa guhitamo icyuma gike cyuzuza ibyuma byo gusudira ibyuma bidafite ingese.Nyamara, karubone rimwe na rimwe isabwa gutanga imbaraga kubikorwa bimwe na bimwe. Kugenzura ubushyuhe nibyingenzi cyane mugihe ibyuma byuzuza karubone bitari amahitamo.
Mugabanye umwanya zone weld hamwe nubushyuhe bugumaho ubushyuhe bwo hejuru-mubisanzwe bifatwa nka dogere 950 kugeza kuri 1.500 Fahrenheit (dogere 500 kugeza 800)
Ubundi buryo ni ugukoresha ibyuma byuzuza byateguwe hamwe nibice bivanze nka titanium na niobium kugirango wirinde karubide ya chromium.Kubera ko ibyo bice nabyo bigira ingaruka kumbaraga no gukomera, ibyo byuma byuzura ntibishobora gukoreshwa mubisabwa byose.
Gazi ya tungsten arc gusudira (GTAW) kumpande yumuzi nuburyo gakondo bwo gusudira umuyoboro wibyuma bitagira umwanda.Ibisanzwe bisaba gusubira inyuma kwa argon kugirango bifashe gukumira okiside inyuma yigitereko.Nyamara, gukoresha uburyo bwo gusudira insinga mubyuma bitagira umuyonga bigenda byiyongera cyane.Muri ibyo bikorwa, ni ngombwa gusobanukirwa ningaruka zinyuranye.
Iyo gusudira ibyuma bidafite ingese ukoresheje gaze ya gaz arc welding (GMAW), argon na karuboni ya dioxyde, imvange ya argon na ogisijeni, cyangwa imvange ya gaze eshatu (helium, argon, na dioxyde de carbone) isanzwe ikoreshwa.Ubusanzwe, iyi mvange irimo argon cyangwa helium kandi munsi ya 5% ya karuboni ya dioxyde de carbone. ku cyuma.
Flux-cored wire kumyuma idafite ingese yagenewe gukora hamwe nuruvange gakondo rwa 75% ya argon na 25% ya dioxyde de carbone.Flux irimo ibintu byabugenewe kugirango birinde karubone gaze ikingira kwanduza weld.
Mugihe ibikorwa bya GMAW byahindutse, byoroheje gusudira ibyuma bitagira umuyonga hamwe nimiyoboro.Mu gihe porogaramu zimwe zishobora kugikenera inzira ya GTAW, inzira zinsinga zigezweho zirashobora gutanga ubuziranenge nubusumbane bukabije mubikorwa byinshi byuma bidafite ingese.
Ibyuma bitagira ibyuma bisudira bikozwe hamwe na GMAW RMD birasa mubwiza no kugaragara bihuye na OD.
Umuzi wumuzi ukoresheje inzira ya GMAW yahinduwe mugihe gito nka Miller's Regulated Metal Deposition (RMD) ikuraho gusubira inyuma mubintu bimwe na bimwe byuma bya austenitis bitagira ibyuma. Inzira ya RMD irashobora gukurikirwa na pulsed GMAW cyangwa flux-cored arc gusudira kuzuza na cap pass - impinduka ikiza igihe n'amafaranga ugereranije no gukoresha GTAW hamwe no gusukura inyuma.
RMD ikoresha neza igenzurwa ryicyuma kigufi cyumuzunguruko kugirango itange arc ituje, itajegajega kandi isudira.Ibyo bitanga amahirwe make yo gukonja gukonje cyangwa kubura fusion, spatter nkeya hamwe nu muyoboro wo mu rwego rwohejuru woherejwe.Icyuma kigenzurwa neza nicyuma gitanga igitonyanga kimwe kandi cyoroshye kugenzura ikidendezi cyogosha bityo umuvuduko wo gusudira no kwihuta.
Inzira zidasanzwe zirashobora kongera umusaruro wo gusudira.Iyo ukoresheje RMD, umuvuduko wo gusudira urashobora kuba 6 kugeza 12 muri./min.Kubera ko inzira yongerera umusaruro nta gushyushya ibice byongeweho, ifasha kugumana imiterere no kurwanya ruswa yibyuma bitagira umwanda. Kugabanuka kwubushyuhe bwibikorwa nabyo bifasha kugenzura ihinduka ryimiterere ya substrate.
Ubu buryo bwa GMAW bwatanzwe butanga uburebure bwa arc bugufi, arc arc cones hamwe nubushyuhe buke ugereranije no kwimura spray pulse isanzwe.Kubera ko inzira ifunze-loop, arc drift hamwe na tip-to-workpiece intera itandukana hafi ya byose.Ibi bitanga uburyo bworoshye bwo kugenzura ibishishwa ahantu hamwe no gusudira hamwe hakoreshejwe uburyo bumwe bwo gusudira hamwe na capi ya GMAW kugirango wuzuze hamwe na cap be. ibihe byo guhinduka.
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