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Biofilm ni ikintu cyingenzi mu iterambere ry’indwara zidakira, cyane cyane iyo ibikoresho by’ubuvuzi bibigizemo uruhare. Iki kibazo kigaragaza ikibazo gikomeye ku baganga, kuko antibiyotike isanzwe ishobora kurandura biyofilime ku rugero ruto cyane.Kwirinda ibinyabuzima bikomoka ku binyabuzima byatumye habaho uburyo butandukanye bwo gutwikira hamwe n’ibikoresho bishya. imicrobial coatings.Mu gihe kimwe, ikoreshwa rya tekinoroji ya spray ikonje ryiyongereye kuko nuburyo bukwiye bwo gutunganya ibikoresho bitita ku bushyuhe. Igice cyintego yubu bushakashatsi kwari ugutegura igitabo gishya cya antibacterial firime metallic ikirahuri kigizwe na ternary Cu-Zr-Ni ukoresheje tekinike yo gukanika imashini. gukora biofilm byibuze byibuze 1 ugereranije nicyuma.
Mu mateka y’umuntu, umuryango uwo ariwo wose washoboye gutegura no guteza imbere iyinjizwa ryibikoresho bishya byujuje ibisabwa byihariye, ibyo bikaba byaratumye imikorere irushaho kunozwa ndetse no gushyirwa ku rutonde mu bukungu bw’isi yose.Byahoraga biterwa n’ubushobozi bwa muntu bwo guteza imbere ibikoresho n’ibikoresho byo guhimba ndetse n’ibishushanyo mbonera byo guhimba ibikoresho no kuranga kugira ngo bigere ku nyungu mu buzima, uburezi, inganda, ubukungu, umuco n’izindi nzego kuva mu gihugu cyangwa mu karere kugera mu kindi gihugu.2 Mu myaka 60, abahanga mu bya siyansi bakoresheje igihe cyabo kinini kugira ngo bibande ku kintu kimwe cy’ingenzi: gukurikirana ibikoresho bishya kandi bigezweho. Ubushakashatsi buherutse kwibanda ku kuzamura ireme n’imikorere y’ibikoresho bihari, ndetse no guhuza no guhimba ubwoko bushya bw’ibikoresho.
Kwiyongera kubintu bivangavanze, guhindura microstructure yibikoresho, hamwe no gukoresha tekiniki yubushyuhe, ubukanishi cyangwa thermo-mashini yatunganijwe byatumye habaho iterambere ryinshi mubintu bya mashini, chimique na physique yibikoresho bitandukanye bitandukanye.Ikindi kandi, kugeza ubu ibice bitarigeze byunvikana byahujwe neza kugeza magingo aya.Iyi mbaraga zidatezuka zabyaye umuryango mushya wibikoresho bishya, hamwe na nanocan, Nanopan, Nanocan, Nanocan, Nanocan, Nanocan, Nanocan, Nanocan, Nanocan, Nanocan, Nanocan, Nanocan, Nanoc, -ibirahure by'ibipimo, amorphous metallic, hamwe na allopy alloys ni ingero zimwe gusa z'ibikoresho byateye imbere byinjijwe ku isi kuva hagati mu kinyejana gishize.Iyo gukora no guteza imbere ibivangwa bishya bifite imitungo isumba iyindi, haba mu bicuruzwa byanyuma cyangwa mu cyiciro cyo hagati y’umusaruro wabyo, ikibazo cyo kutaringaniza gikunze kwongerwaho. Nk’ibisubizo byo gushyira mu bikorwa tekiniki nshya yo guhimba ibintu byose byavumbuwe.
Ibikorwa bye muri Caltech mumwaka wa 1960 byazanye impinduramatwara mubyuma bivangwa nicyuma mugihe yashushanyaga ikirahuri Au-25 kuri. ibirahuri byakozwe rwose ukoresheje bumwe muburyo bukurikira;.
MGs itandukanijwe no kubura gahunda ndende ya atome ijyanye na kristu, ikaba isobanura ibiranga kristu. Muri iyi si ya none, intambwe nini imaze guterwa mu bijyanye n’ibirahuri byuma. Ni ibikoresho bishya bifite ibintu bishimishije bidashimishije gusa muri fiziki y’ibihugu bikomeye, ariko kandi no mu bikoresho bitandukanye bikoreshwa mu buhanga butandukanye bw’ikoranabuhanga. s.Bafite ibintu bimwe byingenzi;.
Imashini ivanga imashini (MA) 1,8 ni tekinike nshya, yatangijwe bwa mbere mu 19839 na Prof. CC Kock na bagenzi be. Bateguye ifu ya amorphous Ni60Nb40 mu gusya uruvange rw'ibintu byiza ku bushyuhe bw’ibidukikije hafi y’ubushyuhe bw’icyumba.Mubisanzwe, reaction ya MA ikorwa hagati yo gukwirakwiza ifu yibikoresho bya reakteri, mubisanzwe bikozwe mubyuma bidafite ingese mumashini yumupira 10 (Igishusho 1a, b) .Kubera rero, ubwo buryo bwakoreshejwe muburyo bwa tekinike bwakoreshejwe mugutegura ifu ya amorphous / metallic ibirahuri bivangwa nuduseke twinshi, hamwe nuduseke twinshi twinshi, 16,12 sisitemu iscible nka Cu-Ta17, kimwe no gushonga cyane gushonga nka sisitemu yicyuma ya Al-inzibacyuho (TM; Zr, Hf, Nb na Ta) 18,19 na Fe-W20, idashobora kuboneka hakoreshejwe inzira zisanzwe zitegura.Ikindi kandi, MA ifatwa nkimwe mubikoresho bikomeye bya nanotehnologiya ya nanotride, karubone ya nanocompiside ya karubone, nanocomposite ya karubone, nanocomposite ya karubone, nanocomposite ya karubone, nanocomposite ya nanocomposite ya nanocomposite, nanocomposite ya karubone, nanocomposite ya karubone, nanocomposite ya karubone, nanocomposite ya nanocomposite, karubone ya nanocrystalline, nanocomposite, s, Nka hamwe no kwaguka kwagutse binyuze hejuru-hasi inzira 1 nicyiciro cyagerwaho.
Igishushanyo cyerekana uburyo bwo guhimba bukoreshwa mugutegura Cu50 (Zr50 - xNix) icyuma cyuma (MG) coating / SUS 304 muri ubu bushakashatsi. icyombo cyo gusya cyerekana umuvuduko wumupira mugihe cyo gusya.Ibicuruzwa byanyuma byifu yabonetse nyuma yamasaha 50 yakoreshejwe mugutwikira substrate ya SUS 304 ukoresheje uburyo bwa spray bukonje (d).
Iyo bigeze kubintu byinshi (substrates), ubwubatsi bwubuso burimo gushushanya no guhindura isura (substrate) kugirango itange imico imwe nimwe yumubiri, iyimiti na tekiniki itari mubikoresho byumwimerere.Ibintu bimwe na bimwe bishobora kunozwa neza nubuvuzi bwubutaka burimo kurwanya abrasion, okiside na ruswa, coefficient de fraisation, bio-inertness, ibikoresho byamashanyarazi, hamwe na insuline yumuriro, byitwa tekinike ya tekinike. ating isobanurwa gusa nkigice kimwe cyangwa byinshi byibikoresho byashyizwe mububiko hejuru yikintu kinini (substrate) gikozwe mubindi bikoresho. Kubwibyo, ibifuniko bikoreshwa mubice bimwe kugirango ugere kubintu bimwe na bimwe byifuzwa bya tekiniki cyangwa imitako, ndetse no kurinda ibikoresho biteganijwe gukorana n’imiti n’umubiri hamwe n’ibidukikije bikikije23.
Kugirango ubike ibice bikwiye byo kurinda hejuru hamwe nubunini buri hagati ya micrometero nkeya (munsi ya micrometero 10-20) kugeza kuri micrometero zirenga 30 cyangwa ndetse na milimetero nkeya, uburyo bwinshi nubuhanga burashobora gukoreshwa.Muri rusange, uburyo bwo gutwikira bushobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bibiri: (i) uburyo bwo gutwika amazi, harimo amashanyarazi, gushiramo amashanyarazi, gushira hamwe, hamwe na (ii) cyangwa kubitsa (CVD), tekinoroji yo gutera amashyuza hamwe nubuhanga bwa spray bukonje 24 (Ishusho 1d).
Biofilm isobanurwa nkimiryango ya mikorobe ifatanye kuburyo budasubirwaho hejuru yisi kandi ikikijwe na polymers zidasanzwe zidasanzwe (EPS) .Imikorere ya biofilm ikuze idasanzwe irashobora gutera igihombo kinini mubice byinshi byinganda, harimo inganda zikora ibiribwa, sisitemu y’amazi, hamwe n’ibidukikije byita ku buzima.Mu bantu, iyo biofilime zanduye, zirenga 80% by’indwara ziterwa na mikorobe (harimo na Enterobacteriace). byavuzwe ko byikubye inshuro 1000 kurwanya antibiyotike ugereranije na selile ya bagiteri ya planktonique, ifatwa nkikibazo gikomeye cyo kuvura.Ibikoresho byo gutwikira mikorobe biva mu bimera bisanzwe byakoreshejwe mu mateka.Nubwo ibikoresho nkibi bikunze kuba birimo uburozi bushobora guteza abantu ibyago, 25.26 birashobora gufasha kwirinda kwanduza bagiteri no kwangiza ibintu.
Kurwanya indwara ya bagiteri kwivuza antibiyotike bitewe n’imiterere ya biofilm byatumye hakenerwa uburyo bunoze bwo kurwanya anticicrobial membrane-yubatswe neza ishobora gukoreshwa neza 27. bigerwaho mugutezimbere ibikoresho bidasanzwe nka graphene / germanium28, diyama yumukara29 na ZnO-dopi ya diyama isa na karubone 30 irwanya bagiteri, ikoranabuhanga ryongera uburozi hamwe niterambere ry’imiterere ya biofilm ryaragabanutse cyane.Ikindi kandi, impuzu zinjiza imiti myinshi ya mikorobe ziba zanduye cyane. buriwese afite aho agarukira agomba kwitabwaho mugutegura ingamba zo gusaba.
Ibicuruzwa kuri ubu ku isoko bibangamiwe nigihe gihagije cyo gusesengura no kugerageza ibifuniko birinda ibintu bikoresha ibinyabuzima.Isosiyete ivuga ko ibicuruzwa byabo bizaha abakoresha ibintu bifuza gukora;icyakora, ibi byabaye imbogamizi kubitsindira ryibicuruzwa kuri ubu ku isoko.Ibicuruzwa biva mu ifeza bikoreshwa mu bwinshi bw’imiti igabanya ubukana bwa virusi ubu iboneka ku baguzi.Ibicuruzwa byakozwe mu rwego rwo kurinda abakoresha ingaruka zishobora guteza akaga mikorobe. umurimo.Ibi ni ukubera ingaruka zijyanye n’ubuzima ndetse n’umutekano.Kuvumbura imiti igabanya ubukana itangiza abantu no kumenya uburyo bwo kuyishyira mu mitsi yo mu bwoko bwa substrate hamwe n’ubuzima burebure bwo kubaho igihe kirekire ni intego ishakishwa cyane 38. gukora urwego rwa poroteyine hejuru) cyangwa mukwica bagiteri kubangamira urukuta rw'akagari.
Icyibanze, gutwikira hejuru ni inzira yo gushyira urundi rwego hejuru yikintu kugirango uzamure imico ijyanye nubuso.Intego yo gutwikira hejuru ni uguhuza microstructure hamwe na / cyangwa ibice bigize agace kegereye ubuso bwibigize 39.
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Ikoranabuhanga rya Cold spray risangiye byinshi nuburyo busanzwe bwo gutera amashyanyarazi.Nyamara, hariho kandi ibintu bimwe byingenzi byingenzi bituma inzira yo gutera imbeho ikonje hamwe nibikoresho bya spray bikonje bidasanzwe. Ikoranabuhanga rya spray ikonje riracyari mu ntangiriro, ariko rifite ejo hazaza heza. Mubisabwa bimwe na bimwe, imiterere yihariye ya spray ikonje itanga inyungu nyinshi, gutsinda imbogamizi zisanzwe muburyo bwo gutondekanya amashyanyarazi. ntibikwiriye kubikoresho byangiza ubushyuhe cyane nka nanocristal, nanoparticles, amorphous na metallic ibirahure40, 41, 42. Byongeye kandi, ibikoresho byo gutwika amashyuza yumuriro buri gihe byerekana urugero rwinshi rwa porotike na okiside.2b. ikoreshwa nkibikoresho fatizo byo gutwikisha.Ni kimwe kijyanye nubundi buryo bwo gutera amashyuza. Ubuso bugoye hamwe nu miyoboro yimbere biracyagoye gutera.
Urebye ko imirimo iriho igamije gukoresha ifu yikirahure y ibirahure nkibikoresho byo gutwikira mbisi, biragaragara ko gutera amashyanyarazi bisanzwe bidashobora gukoreshwa kubwiyi ntego.Ibi ni ukubera ko ifu yikirahure yibirahure ifata ubushyuhe bwinshi1.
Ibyinshi mu bikoresho bikoreshwa mu nganda z’ubuvuzi n’ibiribwa bikozwe mu byuma bya austenitike bitagira umuyonga (SUS316 na SUS304) bifite chromium iri hagati ya 12 na 20 wt% yo gukora ibikoresho byo kubaga.Byemewe muri rusange ko gukoresha ibyuma bya chromium nkibintu bivangavanga ibyuma bitarimo ruswa. bitandukanye no kurwanya kwangirika kwabo.Nyuma yibi, hashobora gutegurwa iterambere ryubwandu no gutwikwa, biterwa ahanini no gufatira kwa bagiteri no gukoronizwa hejuru y’ibinyabuzima bitagira umwanda. Ingorane zikomeye zishobora kuvuka kubera ingorane zikomeye zijyanye no gufatira kwa bagiteri n'inzira zangiza za biofilm, zishobora gutera ingaruka mbi ku buzima ku buryo butaziguye cyangwa butaziguye ku buzima.
Ubu bushakashatsi nicyiciro cya mbere cyumushinga uterwa inkunga na Fondasiyo ya Koweti ishinzwe guteza imbere ubumenyi (KFAS), Amasezerano No 2010-550401, kugira ngo hakorwe iperereza ku buryo bwo gukora ifu y’ibirahuri Cu-Zr-Ni ifu y’ikoranabuhanga ikoresheje ikoranabuhanga rya MA (Imbonerahamwe 1) kugira ngo ikore filime ya antibacterial / SUS304 izashyirwa mu bikorwa mu rwego rwo gukingira amashanyarazi muri Mutarama 20 burambuye. Ibizamini birambuye bya mikorobi bizakorwa kubwoko butandukanye bwa bagiteri.
Muri iyi nyandiko, ingaruka za Zr alloying element yibigize mubushobozi bwo gukora ibirahure (GFA) zaganiriweho hashingiwe ku miterere ya morphologie nuburyo bwimiterere. Byongeye kandi, imiterere ya antibacterial yibirahuri byifu ya pisine yometseho / SUS304 nayo yaganiriweho.Ikindi kandi, imirimo iriho ubu yarakozwe kugirango hakorwe iperereza ku ihinduka ry’imiterere y’ibirahuri byuzuzanya mu karere ka Cu. 20 na Cu50Zr20Ni30 ibyuma byuma byifashishijwe byakoreshejwe muri ubu bushakashatsi.
Muri iki gice, impinduka zijyanye na morfologiya yifu ya Cu, Zr na Ni mu gusya kwingufu zingufu zumuriro ziratangwa.Nkurugero rwerekana ingero, sisitemu ebyiri zitandukanye zigizwe na Cu50Zr20Ni30 na Cu50Zr40Ni10 zizakoreshwa nkurugero ruhagarariye. Inzira ya MA irashobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bitatu bitandukanye, nkuko bigaragazwa nicyuma cyerekana ifu yakozwe mugihe cyo gusya (Ishusho 3).
Ibiranga ibyuma byerekana ifu ya mashini (MA) yabonetse nyuma yicyiciro gitandukanye cyigihe cyo gusya umupira. Amashanyarazi yoherejwe na microscopi ya electron (FE-SEM) amashusho ya MA na Cu50Zr40Ni10 yabonetse nyuma yigihe gito cyo gusya imipira yingufu za 3, 12 na 50 h zerekanwa muri (a), (c) na (e) kuri sisitemu ya Cu50Zr20Ni30, mugihe cya Cu50Zr20Ni30. ), (d) na (f).
Mugihe cyo gusya imipira, ingufu za kinetic zishobora kwimurwa kumafu yicyuma ziterwa no guhuza ibipimo, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 1a.Ibi bikubiyemo kugongana hagati yimipira nifu, gukata ifu yifu hagati cyangwa hagati yibitangazamakuru bisya, ingaruka zumupira ugwa, kogosha no kwambara bitewe no gukurura ifu hagati yimashini isya imipira, hamwe no gukubitwa kwinshi kwakwirakwijwe nudukingirizo twinshi. gusaza mugihe cyambere cya MA (3 h), bivamo uduce twinshi twa poro (> mm 1 ya diametre) .Iyi ntera nini yibumbiye hamwe irangwa no gushiraho ibice byimbitse byibintu bivangavanze (Cu, Zr, Ni), nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 3a, b. 3c, d.Muri iki cyiciro, imbaraga zo gukata ziganisha ku gushiraho icyuma gishya gifite icyuma cyiza cya Cu, Zr, Ni hint, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 3c, d. Nkibisubizo byo kunonosora ibice, reaction ikomeye yibice biboneka mumbere ya flake kugirango itange ibyiciro bishya.
Ku ndunduro yimikorere ya MA (nyuma ya 50 h), metallografiya ya flake yagaragaye gusa (Ishusho 3e, f), ariko hejuru yifu ya poro yerekanaga indorerwamo metallografiya.Ibyo bivuze ko inzira ya MA yarangiye kandi hashyizweho icyiciro kimwe cya reaction cyabaye.Ibice by'ibanze by'uturere twerekanwe na shusho ya 3) (I, II, III), f. ingufu zikwirakwiza X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) (IV).
Mu mbonerahamwe ya 2, ibice byibanze byibintu bivangwa byerekanwe nkijanisha ryuburemere bwuzuye bwa buri karere katoranijwe ku gishushanyo cya 3e, f.Iyo ugereranije ibisubizo nibitangiriro byizina ryatangijwe na Cu50Zr20Ni30 na Cu50Zr40Ni10 byerekanwe kumeza ya 1, birashobora kugaragara ko ibigize ibyo bicuruzwa byombi byanyuma bifite agaciro gakomeye kubintu bitandukanijwe nibindi. ihindagurika mu bigize buri cyitegererezo kuva mu karere kamwe kijya mu kindi.Ibi bigaragazwa n’uko nta gihinduka cy’ibigize kuva mu karere kamwe ujya mu kandi.Ibi byerekana umusaruro w’ifu y’ifu ya homogeneous, nkuko bigaragara mu mbonerahamwe ya 2.
FE-SEM micrografi yibicuruzwa byanyuma Cu50 (Zr50 - xNix) byabonetse nyuma yincuro 50 MA, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 4a - d, aho x ari 10, 20, 30 na 40 kuri.
Ibiranga Morphologiya biranga ifu ya Cu50 (Zr50 - xNix) yabonetse nyuma yigihe cya MA cya 50 h.Ku Cu50Zr40Ni10, Cu50Zr30Ni20, Cu50Zr20Ni30, Cu50Zr10Ni40, amashusho ya FE-SEM yifu yabonetse nyuma yinshuro 50 MA yerekanwe muri (a), (b), (c), (c),
Mbere yo gupakira ifu mumashanyarazi akonje, babanje kwandikwa muri etanol yo mu cyiciro cya analytike muminota 15 hanyuma bakumishwa kuri 150 ° C mumasaha 2.Iyi ntambwe igomba guterwa kugirango barwanye agglomeration ikunze gutera ibibazo byinshi byingenzi mugikorwa cyo gutwikira.Nyuma ya MA yarangiye, hakozwe ubundi buryo bwo gukora ubushakashatsi kugirango bahuze uburinganire bwa porojeri ya ZAFI. Ni alloying element ya Cu50Zr30Ni20 alloy yabonetse nyuma ya 50 h yigihe cya M, birakwiye ko tumenya ko ifu yivanze yakozwe nyuma yiyi ntambwe ari imwe kuko itagaragaza ihindagurika ryibintu birenze urwego rwa sub-nanometero, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 5.
Morphologiya no gukwirakwiza ibice byifu ya MG Cu50Zr30Ni20 yabonetse nyuma yinshuro 50 MA na FE-SEM / gukwirakwiza ingufu za X-ray spectroscopy (EDS).
Imiterere ya XRD ya Cu50Zr40Ni10, Cu50Zr30Ni20, Cu50Zr20Ni30 na Cu50Zr20Ni30 ifu yabonetse nyuma yigihe cya MA ya 50 h irerekanwa ku gishushanyo cya 6a - d.
Imiterere ya XRD ya (a) Cu50Zr40Ni10, (b) Cu50Zr30Ni20, (c) Cu50Zr20Ni30 na (d) ifu ya Cu50Zr20Ni30 nyuma ya MA igihe cya 50 h.Ingero zose zitarinze kwerekana uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza halo, bivuze ko hashyizweho icyiciro cya amorphous.
Imyuka yoherezwa mu kirere ikwirakwiza mikorosikopi ya elegitoronike (FE-HRTEM) yakoreshejwe mu kureba impinduka zishingiye ku miterere no gusobanukirwa imiterere y’ifu y’ifu ituruka ku gusya imipira mu bihe bitandukanye bya MA.FE-HRTEM amashusho yifu yabonetse nyuma yintangiriro ya (6 h) hamwe nicyiciro cya 18 (18 h) cyo gusya kuri Cu50Zr30Ni20 na Cu50Zr40Ni10 ifu yerekana ifu ya Cu. nyuma ya MA 6 h, ifu igizwe nintete nini zifite imipaka isobanuwe neza yibintu fcc-Cu, hcp-Zr na fcc-Ni, kandi nta kimenyetso cyerekana ko icyiciro cya reaction cyashizweho, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 7a.Ikindi kandi, uburyo bwatandukanijwe bwatandukanijwe (SADP) bwakuwe mukarere ko hagati ya (a) bwerekanaga ko habaho itandukaniro rinini rya cusp.
Imiterere yimiterere yifu ya MA yabonetse nyuma yicyiciro cya mbere (6 h) nicyiciro cya 18 (h) hagati.
Nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 7c, kwagura igihe cya MA kugeza kuri 18 h byaviriyemo ubusembwa bukabije bwa lattice bufatanije no guhindura plastike.Muri iki cyiciro cyo hagati cyibikorwa bya MA, ifu yerekana inenge zitandukanye, zirimo amakosa yo gutondekanya, inenge ya lattice, nudusembwa twa point (Igicapo 7) .Iyi nenge itera ibinyampeke binini bigabanywa ku mbibi zabo zingana na santimetero 20).
Imiterere yaho ya Cu50Z30Ni20 yasya mugihe cya 36 h MA ifite ishingwa rya nanograine ya ultrafine yashyizwe muri matrike nziza ya amorphous, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 8a. Isesengura ry’ibanze rya EDS ryerekanye ko izo nanoclusters zerekanwa ku gishushanyo cya 8a zahujwe na Cu, Zr na Ni ifu ivanze n’ibice (%) bya Cu). gushiraho ibicuruzwa bitavanze.Ikindi kandi, SADPs ihuye nifu yifu yabonetse nyuma yo gusya muriki cyiciro yerekana impeta ya halo-ikwirakwiza impeta yibanze nayisumbuye ya feri ya amorphous, igahuzagurika hamwe ningingo zikarishye zijyanye nibintu bivangavanze, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 8b.
Kurenga 36 h-Cu50Zr30Ni20 ifu ya nanoscale imiterere yimiterere yaho.
Hafi yimpera yimikorere ya MA (50 h), Cu50 (Zr50 - xNix), X;Ifu ya 10, 20, 30 na 40 kuri. ibikoresho byanyuma.
Imiterere yibanze yibicuruzwa byanyuma bya sisitemu ya MG Cu50 (Zr50 - xNix).
Ubushyuhe bwubushyuhe bwubushyuhe bwikirahure (Tg), akarere gashushe amazi (ΔTx) hamwe nubushyuhe bwa kristallisation (Tx) nkigikorwa cya Ni (x) ya sisitemu ya amorphous Cu50 (Zr50 - xNix) yakozweho ubushakashatsi hakoreshejwe uburyo butandukanye bwo gusikana Calorimetry (DSC) yumutungo uri munsi ya gazi ya Cu50N50 ifu yabonetse nyuma yigihe cya MA ya 50 h irerekanwa mumashusho 10a, b, e, mugihe.Mu gihe umurongo wa DSC wa amorphous Cu50Zr20Ni30 werekanwa ukundi ku gishushanyo cya 10c.Mu gihe, icyitegererezo cya Cu50Zr30Ni20 gishyuha kugeza kuri 700 ° C muri DSC cyerekanwa ku gishushanyo cya 10d.
Ubushyuhe bwumuriro wa Cu50 (Zr50 - xNix) Ifu ya MG yabonetse nyuma yigihe cya MA ya 50 h, nkuko byagaragajwe nubushyuhe bwo guhinduranya ibirahure (Tg), ubushyuhe bwa kristu (Tx), hamwe n’akarere k’amazi akonje (ΔTx) .Ibikoresho bitandukanye byo gusikana (DSC) thermogrammes za (a) Cu50Zr40Ni10r, (30) CuNi 50Zr10Ni40 MG ifu ya MG nyuma yigihe cya MA ya 50 h.Icyerekezo cya X-ray itandukanya (XRD) icyitegererezo cya Cu50Zr30Ni20 cyashyutswe kugeza kuri 700 ° C muri DSC kirerekanwa muri (d).
Nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 10, umurongo wa DSC wibigize byose hamwe nubushakashatsi bwa Ni butandukanye (x) byerekana imanza ebyiri zitandukanye, imwe ya endothermic nindi ya exothermic.Icyabaye cyambere endothermic ihuye na Tg, mugihe icya kabiri gifitanye isano na Tx. Agace kegeranye ka horizontal kari hagati ya Tg na Tx kitwa akarere k’amazi gatemba (ΔTx = Tx - Tg40). . byaragaragaye kandi ko indangagaciro za Tg, Tx na ΔTx zagabanutse kugera ku rwego rwa 447 ° C, 526 ° C na 79 ° C (Igicapo 10b) .Ibi byerekana ko kwiyongera kw'ibirimo Ni bituma habaho igabanuka ry'ubushyuhe bw'amashyanyarazi ya MG.nubwo bimeze bityo, Tx yayo yerekana agaciro kagereranijwe nicyambere (612 ° C) .Nuko rero, ΔTx yerekana agaciro kari hejuru (87 ° C), nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 10c.
Sisitemu ya MG Cu50 (Zr50 - xNix), ifata urugero MG MG5050r kugeza kuri 700 ° C muri DSC.
Igicapo 11 kirerekana amafoto yafashwe mugihe c'imvura ikonje ikorwa mumirimo iriho.Muri ubu bushakashatsi, uduce twinshi twibirahuri bimeze nkifu yifu ya sintezeze nyuma yigihe cya MA ya 50 h (gufata Cu50Zr20Ni30 nkurugero) byakoreshejwe nkibikoresho fatizo bya antibacterial, kandi isahani yicyuma itagira umwanda (SUS304) yashizwemo nubuhanga bwo gutera ubushyuhe bukoreshwa muburyo bwo guteranya ubushyuhe bukoreshwa muburyo bwo guteranya ubushyuhe bwakoreshejwe muburyo bwo guteranya ubushyuhe bukoreshwa muburyo bwo guteranya amashyanyarazi muburyo bwo guteranya ubushyuhe bukoreshwa muburyo bwo guteranya ubushyuhe. ibikoresho nka amorphous na nanocrystalline ifu, bitagomba guhinduka mugice .Iyi niyo mpamvu nyamukuru yo guhitamo ubu buryo. Uburyo bwo gutera imiti ikonje bukorwa hifashishijwe ibice byihuta byihuta bihindura ingufu za kinetic yibice byahinduwe muburyo bwa plastike, imbaraga hamwe nubushyuhe ku ngaruka ziterwa na substrate cyangwa ibice byabitswe mbere.
Amafoto yo mu murima yerekana uburyo bukonje bwa spray bukoreshwa muburyo butanu bukurikiranye bwo gutegura MG / SUS 304 kuri 550 ° C.
Ingufu za kinetic zingingo, bityo umuvuduko wa buri kintu muburyo bwo gutwikira, ugomba guhindurwa mubundi buryo bwingufu binyuze muburyo bwa disformasique ya plastike (ibice byambere nuduce duto duto duto duto duto duto duto duto duto duto duto duto duto duto duto duto duto duto duto duto duto duto duto duto duto duto) herekanywe ko 90% yingufu zingaruka zikoreshwa mubice / substrate bihinduka mubushyuhe bwaho 40 .Ikindi kandi, iyo hashyizweho ingufu ziterwa ningaruka, igipimo kinini cya plastike kigerwaho mugace kahuye / agace ka substrate mugihe gito cyane 41,42.
Ihindagurika rya plastike muri rusange rifatwa nk'inzira yo gukwirakwiza ingufu, cyangwa cyane cyane, isoko y'ubushyuhe mu karere kavukire.Nyamara, kwiyongera k'ubushyuhe mu karere k’imiterere ihuza ubusanzwe ntibihagije kugira ngo habeho gushonga hagati cyangwa gutera imbere cyane kwa interineti.
BFI ya MG Cu50Zr20Ni30 ifu yivanze irashobora kugaragara ku gishushanyo cya 12a, yashizwe hejuru kuri substrate ya SUS 304 (Isanamu 11, 12b) .Nkuko bigaragara kuri iyo shusho, ifu yometseho igumana imiterere yambere ya amorphous kuko ifite imiterere ya labyrintike idafite ibimenyetso byerekana ko nta kintu na kimwe cyerekana ko ari ntangarugero. materix ya ated (Igicapo 12a) .Figure 12c yerekana ishusho yerekana nanobeam itandukanya (NBDP) ifitanye isano nakarere ka I (Igicapo 12a) .Nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 12c, NBDP yerekana uburyo bworoshye bwo gukwirakwiza halo imiterere yimiterere ya amorphous kandi ibana hamwe nuduce twinshi twavanze na feri ya CuO. zzle yimbunda ya spray kuri SUS 304 mumuyaga ufunguye munsi ya supersonic.Ku rundi ruhande, devitrifisation yifu y ibirahuri byikirahure byageze kumyanya nini ya cubic nyuma yo kuvura imiti ikonje kuri 550 ° C muminota 30.
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Kugirango hamenyekane ubwo buryo bushoboka bwo gushiraho cubic nini ya Zr2Ni nanoparticles, hakozwe ubushakashatsi bwigenga.Muri ubu bushakashatsi, ifu yatewe mu mbunda ya spray kuri 550 ° C mu cyerekezo cya SUS 304;icyakora, kugirango basobanure ingaruka zifata ifu, bavanywe kumurongo wa SUS304 byihuse bishoboka (amasegonda 60) .Ubundi bushakashatsi bwakorewe aho ifu yakuwe muri substrate nyuma yamasegonda 180 nyuma yo kuyashyira.
Igishushanyo cya 13a, b cyerekana amashusho yumurima wijimye (DFI) yabonetse mugusikana ibyuma bya elegitoronike microscopi (STEM) yibikoresho bibiri byatewe byashyizwe kuri substrate ya SUS 304 kuri 60 s na 180 s se yerekana ko nta mvura igwa / mesofase, aho ifu igumana imiterere yambere ya amorphous.Ibinyuranye, ifu yatewe ku bushyuhe bumwe (550 ° C), ariko igasigara kuri substrate kuri 180 s, yerekanaga imvura yaguye ingano nini, nkuko bigaragazwa n imyambi iri ku gishushanyo cya 13b.