Amaboko yububiko bwo gusudira aboneka mukurwanya imirimo yo gusana ibyuma byiyongereye cyane uko imyaka yagiye ihita, harimo urutonde rwabasudira.
Niba urengeje imyaka 50, birashoboka ko wize uburyo bwo gusudira hamwe na mashini yo gusudira ya SMAW (Shielded Metal Arc cyangwa Electrode).
Mu myaka ya za 90 yatuzaniye uburyo bwo gusudira MIG (icyuma cya inert gaze) cyangwa FCAW (flux-cored arc welding) yo gusudira, bigatuma abavuga byinshi basezera.Vuba aha, tekinoroji ya TIG (tungsten inert gaz) yinjiye mububiko bwubuhinzi nkuburyo bwiza bwo guhuza ibyuma, aluminium nicyuma.
Kwiyongera kwamamara ryibikorwa byinshi byo gusudira noneho bivuze ko inzira zose uko ari enye zishobora gukoreshwa muri paki imwe.
Hano hepfo amasomo magufi yo gusudira azamura ubuhanga bwawe kubisubizo byizewe, uko inzira yo gusudira ikoresha.
Jody Collier yitangiye umwuga we wo gusudira no gusudira.Urubuga rwe Weldingtipsandtricks.com na Welding-TV.com rwuzuyemo inama zifatika nuburyo bwubwoko bwose bwo gusudira.
Gazi ikunzwe yo gusudira MIG ni karuboni ya dioxyde (CO2).Nubwo CO2 ifite ubukungu kandi nibyiza mugukora ibyuma byinjira cyane mubyuma binini, iyi gaze ikingira irashobora gushyuha cyane mugihe cyo gusudira ibyuma bito.Niyo mpamvu Jody Collier atanga inama yo guhindura imvange ya 75% ya argon na 25% ya dioxyde de carbone.
Ati: "Yoo, urashobora gukoresha argon nziza kuri MIG weld aluminium cyangwa ibyuma, ariko ibikoresho byoroshye cyane".“Ibindi byose bisudira biteye ubwoba hamwe na argon.”
Collier avuga ko ku isoko hari imvange ya gaze nyinshi ku isoko, nka helium-argon-CO2, ariko rimwe na rimwe biragoye kuyibona kandi ihenze.
Niba urimo gusana ibyuma bitagira umwanda kumurima, uzakenera kongeramo imvange ebyiri za 100% argon cyangwa argon na helium yo gusudira aluminiyumu hamwe nuruvange rwa 90% argon, 7.5% helium na dioxyde de carbone 2,5%.
Ubwikorezi bwa MIG weld biterwa na gaze ikingira.Dioxyde de Carbone (hejuru iburyo) itanga gusudira cyane ugereranije na argon-CO2 (hejuru ibumoso).
Mbere yo guterana mugihe cyo gusana aluminiyumu, menya neza koza neza weld kugirango wirinde gusenya.
Isuku yo gusudira ni ingenzi kuko alumina ishonga kuri 3700 ° F naho ibyuma fatizo bigashonga kuri 1200 ° F.Kubwibyo, okiside iyo ari yo yose (okiside cyangwa ruswa yera) cyangwa amavuta hejuru yubusanwa bizarinda kwinjira mubyuma byuzuza.
Gukuramo ibinure biza mbere.Hanyuma, hanyuma gusa, bigomba kuvaho okiside.Ntugahindure gahunda, aburira Joel Otter wo muri Miller Electric.
Kubera ko imashini zogosha insinga zimaze kwiyongera mu myaka ya za 90, abasudira b'inzuki bageragejwe kandi b'ukuri bahatiwe kwegeranya umukungugu mu mfuruka z'amaduka.
Bitandukanye nizo mpanda zishaje zakoreshwaga gusa muguhindura ibikorwa bya AC (AC), gusudira bigezweho bikora kumyuka ihinduranya kandi igahita (DC), ihindura polarite yo gusudira inshuro 120 kumasegonda.
Inyungu zitangwa niyi mpinduka yihuse ni nini, harimo gutangira byoroshye, kudafatana gake, gutondagura gake, gusudira cyane, no gusudira byoroshye no hejuru.
Ufatanije n’uko gusudira inkoni bitanga gusudira byimbitse, ni byiza mu mirimo yo hanze (gazi ikingira MIG itwarwa n umuyaga), ikora neza hamwe nibikoresho byimbitse, kandi igatwika binyuze mu ngese, umwanda, no gusiga irangi.Imashini zo gusudira nazo ziroroshye kandi ziroroshye gukora, urashobora rero kubona impamvu imashini nshya ya electrode cyangwa imashini itunganya ibintu byinshi ikwiye gushorwa.
Joel Orth ya Miller Electric itanga amabwiriza ya electrode ikurikira.Kubindi bisobanuro sura: millerwelds.com/amakuru / gusudira-kuyobora / inkoni-gusudira-kuyobora / inkoni-gusudira-inama.
Gazi ya hydrogène nikibazo gikomeye cyo gusudira, gitera gutinda gusudira, gucika HAZ bibaho amasaha cyangwa iminsi nyuma yo gusudira birangiye, cyangwa byombi.
Nyamara, hydrogène itera ubwoba ikurwaho byoroshye mugusukura neza ibyuma.Kuraho amavuta, ingese, irangi nubushuhe ubwo aribwo bwose bwa hydrogène.
Nyamara, hydrogène ikomeje kuba iterabwoba mugihe cyo gusudira ibyuma bifite ingufu nyinshi (bigenda bikoreshwa mubikoresho byubuhinzi bigezweho), ibyuma byerekana ibyuma byinshi, hamwe n’ahantu ho gusudira cyane.Mugihe cyo gusana ibyo bikoresho, menya neza gukoresha electrode ya hydrogène nkeya hanyuma ushushe ahantu hasudutse.
Jody Collier yerekana ko ibyobo bya spongy cyangwa utubuto duto two mu kirere bigaragara hejuru y’isuderi ari ikimenyetso simusiga cyerekana ko gusudira kwawe bifite ubwoba, akaba abona ko ari ikibazo cya mbere mu gusudira.
Ubudodo bwo gusudira bushobora gufata uburyo bwinshi, burimo imyenge yo hejuru, inzoka, inzitizi, hamwe nu mwobo, bigaragara (hejuru) kandi bitagaragara (byimbitse muri weld).
Collier aratanga kandi inama ati: “Reka ikiziba kigume gishongeshejwe igihe kirekire, bituma gaze ibira muri weld mbere yuko ikonja.”
Mugihe insinga zikunze kugaragara ni 0.035 na 0.045 santimetero, insinga ntoya ya diameter yorohereza gukora weld nziza.Carl Huss wo muri Lincoln Electric arasaba gukoresha insinga 0.025 ″, cyane cyane iyo gusudira ibikoresho bito 1/8 ″ cyangwa munsi yayo.
Yasobanuye ko abasudira benshi bakunda gukora gusudira binini cyane, bishobora gutuma umuntu yaka.Umugozi muto wa diametre utanga insinga ihamye kumurongo wo hasi bigatuma idakunda gutwikwa.
Witondere mugihe ukoresheje ubu buryo kubikoresho binini (3⁄16 ″ kandi binini), kuko insinga ya 0.025 ″ diameter ishobora gutera gushonga bidahagije.
Iyo inzozi zimaze kuba impamo ku bahinzi bashaka uburyo bwiza bwo gusudira ibyuma bito, aluminiyumu n’ibyuma bitagira umwanda, abasudira ba TIG baragenda bamenyekana mu maduka y’imirima bitewe n’uko abantu benshi basudira batunganya ibintu byinshi.
Ariko, ukurikije uburambe ku giti cyawe, kwiga gusudira TIG ntabwo byoroshye nko kwiga gusudira MIG.
TIG isaba amaboko yombi (imwe kugirango ifate isoko yubushyuhe muri electrode izuba rishyushye izuba, irindi kugaburira inkoni yuzuza muri arc) hamwe nikirenge kimwe (kugirango ukoreshe pedal ikirenge cyangwa igenzura ryubu ryashyizwe kumatara) Guhuza inzira eshatu bikoreshwa mugutangira, guhindura no guhagarika imigezi).
Kugira ngo wirinde ibisubizo nkanjye, abatangiye ndetse n’abashaka gutezimbere ubuhanga bwabo barashobora kwifashisha izi nama zo gusudira TIG, mu magambo y’umujyanama wa Miller Electric Ron Covell, Inama zo gusudira: Ibanga ryo gutsinda kwa TIG.
Kazoza: Gutinda byibuze iminota 10.Ibisobanuro bitangwa "nkuko biri" kubikorwa byamakuru gusa ntabwo bigamije ubucuruzi cyangwa ibyifuzo.Kureba ibintu byose bitinda no guhanahana amakuru, reba https://www.barchart.com/ibisubizo/terms.