Bakoresheje ibikoresho bya software ya 3D Spark, itsinda ryasesenguye ibintu bitandukanye bigira ingaruka kubiciro byumusaruro.Bimwe muribi byihariye kubice, mugihe ibindi byihariye mubikorwa.Kurugero, ibice byerekezo kugirango ugabanye inkunga no kugwiza hejuru yubaka.
Mu kwigana imbaraga kuri hinge, ibyo bikoresho birashobora gukuraho ibintu bidafite ingaruka nke.Ibi bivamo kugabanuka 35%.Ibikoresho bike bisobanura kandi igihe cyihuta cyo gucapa, bikagabanya ibiciro.
Tuvugishije ukuri, ibyo bakora ntibigomba kuba bishya kubantu bose bagize uruhare mu icapiro rya 3D.Nibyumvikana gutondekanya igice muburyo bwumvikana.Twabonye imyanda yakuweho mu icapiro rya 3D no mu nganda gakondo.Ikintu gishimishije cyane ni ugukoresha ibikoresho bifasha gutangiza iyi optimizme.Ntabwo tuzi umubare wa software izatwara, kandi turakeka ko itagamije isoko ryo gucapa 3D hobbyist.Ariko twibaze icyakorwa, turakeka ko hamwe no gusiga amavi hamwe no kwerekana imiterere muri software iboneka, ushobora kubona ibisubizo bisa.
Mubyigisho, igikoresho icyo aricyo cyose gishobora gukora isesengura ryibintu bitagira ingano bigomba gushobora kumenya ibikoresho bigomba kuvaho.Twabonye ko abakora amamodoka bakoresha icapiro rya 3D.
“Mu kwigana imbaraga kuri hinge, ibyo bikoresho birashobora gukuraho ibikoresho bidafite ingaruka zikomeye.Ntabwo ndi injeniyeri, ariko nasomye ibi nibwira ko Isesengura Ryuzuye.Noneho nakubonye mu nteruro yanyuma.Yabivuze .Byukuri abakora ibinyabiziga barabikora.Turagereranya gute?Iyi moderi itanga imbaraga mubihe byihutirwa kimwe no gukoreshwa bisanzwe?
Impande zose, ikibaya na fillet bisaba igihe cyimashini no kwambara ibikoresho.Ibikoresho bimwe byinyongera birashobora gukenerwa, kandi mugihe ukorera kumurongo utandukanye, ibice birashobora gukenera gutunganywa no kongera gufatanwa kugirango ubizane mubyerekezo bishobora gukora imifuka myinshi - niba bishobora kugira igikoresho cyumvikana hirya no hino.
Ndatekereza ko ushobora gukoresha imashini ifite impamyabumenyi nyinshi zubwisanzure kugirango uhindure igice kuruhande rwiza… Ariko nikihe giciro?
Icapiro rya 3D mubusanzwe ntirifite imipaka ibuza, gukora ibice bigoye nkibintu byoroshye.
Ku rundi ruhande, ibyiza byo gutunganya imashini gakondo ni uko ibikoresho bikunda kuba isotropique, birakomeye kimwe mu cyerekezo icyo ari cyo cyose, kandi nta magorofa y'imbere, ntugomba guhangayikishwa no guhuza nabi kubera gucumura nabi.Birashoboka kandi kunyura mu ruganda ruzunguruka (intambwe ihendutse) kugirango rutange ingano nziza.
Uburyo bwose bwo gucapa 3D bufite aho bugarukira.Ndetse ibice bya SLM.Nkuko ushobora kubitekereza, imiterere ya isotropic ya SLM ntacyo itwaye.Imashini nibikorwa bikoreshwa buri munsi bitanga ibisubizo bihamye.
Ariko, ibiciro ubwabyo nibindi bikoko.Mu nganda zo mu kirere, icapiro rya 3D riragoye guhatana rwose.
Nagira ngo mbabwire ko inganda zo mu kirere ari hamwe mu hantu hashobora kuba bifite ishingiro ryo gucapa ibyuma bya 3D.Ibiciro byambere byo gukora nigice gito cyigiciro cyibicuruzwa byo mu kirere, kandi uburemere ni ngombwa kuburyo byoroshye kubona kubikoresha.Ugereranije nikirere-hejuru cyibiciro byubwiza bwibice bigize ibice, uburyo bwo gucapa ubuhanga hamwe nubugenzuzi bukomeye burashobora gutanga ikiguzi nyacyo hamwe numwuka uhumeka.
Urugero rugaragara cyane nibintu byose byacapwe muri moteri ya roketi uyumunsi.Urashobora gukuraho ingingo nyinshi zubwiza budashimishije mumiyoboro igoye mugihe ugabanya umurongo wo kugaruka hamwe nuburemere.Ndibwira ko moteri zimwe za moteri zanditseho 3d (superdraco yenda?).Ndibuka bidasubirwaho amakuru yubwoko bumwe bwicyuma cyanditseho indege ya Boeing.
Ibicuruzwa nka jamers nshya ya Navy nibindi bintu bishya bishobora kugira imirongo myinshi yacapwe ya 3D.Ibyiza bya topologiya-itezimbere ibice nuko isesengura ryimbaraga ryinjijwe mubikorwa byo gushushanya kandi isesengura ry'umunaniro rifitanye isano nayo.
Ariko, bizaba igihe runaka mbere yuko ibintu nka DMLS bifata mumodoka no gukora.Ibiro bifite agaciro gake.
Porogaramu imwe aho ikora neza ni muri hydraulic / pneumatic manifolds.Ubushobozi bwo gukora imiyoboro igoramye hamwe na cavites zo kugabanya gupfunyika ni ingirakamaro cyane.Na none, kubwimpamvu zemeza ibyemezo, ugomba gukora ikizamini cya stress 100%, ntukeneye rero ikintu kinini cyumutekano (guhangayika ni hejuru cyane).
Ikibazo nuko ibigo byinshi birata ko bifite printer ya SLM, ariko bake bazi kubikoresha.Mucapyi ikoreshwa gusa muburyo bwihuse bwa prototyping kandi idakora mugihe kinini.Nkuko ibi bigifatwa nkigice gishya, printer ziteganijwe guta agaciro nkamata kandi zigomba gukurwaho mumyaka 5.Ibi bivuze ko mugihe ikiguzi nyirizina gishobora kuba gito cyane, kubona igiciro cyiza kumurimo utanga umusaruro rwose biragoye.
Na none, ubuziranenge bwanditse buterwa nubushyuhe bwumuriro bwibikoresho, bivuze ko aluminiyumu ikunda gukora uburakari bukabije bushobora gutuma umuntu akora umunaniro ukabije (ntabwo bivuze ko manifold ikeneye niba ubishushanya).Na none, mugihe TiAlV6 icapa neza kandi ikagira imbaraga nziza kurenza icyiciro cya 5, aluminiyumu iraboneka cyane nka AlSi10Mg, ntabwo aribwo buvange bukomeye.T6, nubwo ibereye guterwa ibintu bimwe, ntabwo ibereye ibice bya SLM.Scalmaloy nibyiza cyane ariko biragoye kubitangira uruhushya, bake barabitanga, urashobora kandi gukoresha Ti nurukuta rworoshye.
Ibigo byinshi bikenera kandi ukuguru, ingero 20, numwana wawe wambere gutunganya igice cyacapwe.Nubwo mubikorwa byingenzi bisa nkibikoresho byakorewe imashini byafashe indogobe n'amafaranga yo gukora imyaka, batekereza ko ibice byacapwe ari amarozi kandi abakiriya batekereza ko bafite imifuka yimbitse.Na none, ibigo byemewe na AS9100 mubusanzwe ntabwo bigufi kubikorwa kandi bishimira gukora ibyo bakora kuva kera kandi bazi ko bashobora kubikuramo amafaranga kandi barashobora kubikora bataregwa impanuka yindege..
Yego rero: inganda zo mu kirere zirashobora kungukirwa nibice bya SLM, kandi bimwe muribi birabikora, ariko imvugo idasanzwe yinganda hamwe namasosiyete atanga serivise byatsinzwe muri 70, bigatuma ibintu bigorana gato.Iterambere nyaryo ni moteri, aho inshinge za lisansi zacapwe zabaye rusange.Kuri twe ubwacu, urugamba rwo gutanga ASML ni intambara itoroshye.
Umuyoboro mwinshi wo gucapisha 3D mubyuma bitagira umwanda P-51D.https://www.3dmpmag.com/article/?
Ibindi bintu bifitanye isano nigiciro cyo gutunganya ni ugucunga igihombo gikonje bitewe no guhumeka no guhumeka.Byongeye, chip igomba gutunganywa.Kugabanya chip zose mubikorwa rusange birashobora kuvamo kuzigama cyane.
Ibi bikunze kuvugwa nkibishushanyo mbonera bya topologiya, kandi nkuko ushobora kubyibwira, ni urundi rwego rwo gusesengura hejuru ya FEA.Gusa byafashwe rwose mumyaka mike ishize nkuko ibikoresho bigenda byoroha.
Igihe cyose ubonye izina rya Fraunhofer, ryemewe kandi umuryango wabakora uzabuzwa kuyikoresha igihe kinini cyane.
Muyandi magambo: twahimbye uburyo bushya bwo kwemeza ko imodoka yawe isimburwa mugihe garanti yawe irangiye.
Simbona isano iri hagati yinzugi zoroshye zoroheje nubugambanyi bubi butera guta imodoka yawe yose mumyanda?
Isesengura ry'ubuzima bw'umunaniro ni ikintu kimwe;niba uhinduye gusa imbaraga zumubiri, uzarangiza igice kitazakora.
Nubwo baba barayishizeho intege nke nkana, ntizarambirwa nyuma ya garanti irangiye, ni hinge gusa, ariko ni shyashya, kandi ntibishoboka ko ugomba guta imodoka yose… hazabaho imodoka isimbuza ubuzima bwimodoka, kuko muri rusange iracyari nziza, ariko igice cyigiciro cyoroshye / cyoroshye cyashaje - nta gishya kirimo…
Mubimenyerezo, kugirango umenye neza ko byujuje ubuziranenge bwumutekano nibindi, birashoboka ko biracyasubirwamo cyane, nkibikoresho byinshi byimodoka / imibiri / intebe, kubera imihangayiko izagira mugukoresha bisanzwe..ingingo yo kugurisha, keretse bisabwa n'amategeko mukarere kawe.
"Ni hinge gusa" ariko kandi ni urugero rwo gushushanya igice mubuzima runaka.Iyo ushyizwe mumodoka yawe isigaye, imodoka yawe izahinduka clunker mugihe runaka.
Urukozasoni nigisubizo cyo kurinda patenti kenshi (MP3, ndabona!).
Ubukungu bwa Amerika bwose bwubakiye kuri "chip".Ukurikije ibipimo bimwe bikora: - /.
Fraunhofer yakoze siyanse nyinshi.Ntabwo ikoreshwa gusa, ahubwo nubushakashatsi bwibanze.Byose bisaba amafaranga.Niba ushaka kubikora udafite patenti nimpushya, ugomba kubaha inkunga ya leta.Hamwe nimpushya na patenti, abantu mubindi bihugu nabo bishyura bimwe mubiciro kuko nabo bungukirwa nikoranabuhanga.Byongeye kandi, izi nyigisho zose ningirakamaro cyane mugukomeza guhangana ninganda.
Nk’urubuga rwabo, igice cyumusoro wawe kiri hafi 30% (Grundfinanzierung), ahasigaye kandi biva mumasoko aboneka mubindi bigo.Amafaranga yinjiza ashobora kuba ari muri 70%, niba rero utayitayeho, hazabaho iterambere rito cyangwa imisoro myinshi.
Kubwimpamvu zimwe zitazwi, ibyuma bitagira umwanda birabujijwe kandi ntibikunzwe kumubiri, moteri, kohereza no guhagarika.Umuyonga ushobora kuboneka gusa mumiyoboro ihenze ihenze, bizaba bikonje nka martensitike AISI 410, niba ushaka umuyaga mwiza, uramba ugomba gukoresha AISI 304/316 wenyine kugirango ukore ikintu nkicyo.
Ibyobo byose rero muri ibyo bice amaherezo bizahinduka isi itose kandi ibice bizatangira kubora vuba.Kuberako igice cyagenewe uburemere buke bushoboka, ingese iyo ari yo yose izahita ituma intege nke zakazi.Wagira amahirwe niba icyo gice cyari inzugi zumuryango, cyangwa bimwe bidasanzwe imbere yimbere cyangwa lever.Niba ufite ibice byose byo guhagarika, ibice byoherejwe cyangwa ikindi kintu nkicyo, uri mubibazo bikomeye.
PS: Hari uwaba azi imodoka yicyuma idafite ingese yahuye nubushuhe, de-ice hamwe numwanda hirya no hino hamwe nibikorwa byinshi byumubiri?Amaboko yose yo guhagarika, amazu yabafana ba radiator, nibindi birashobora kugurwa kubiciro byose.Nzi ibya DeLorean, ariko ikibabaje nuko ifite ibyuma byo hanze byuma bidafite ibyuma kandi ntabwo imiterere yumubiri nibindi bisobanuro byingenzi.
Nakwishyura byinshi kumodoka ifite ibyuma bidafite ingese / ikadiri / guhagarika / gusohora sisitemu, ariko bivuze ko ari bibi.Ibikoresho ntabwo bihenze gusa, ariko biranagoye kubumba no gusudira.Ndashidikanya ko moteri idafite ibyuma ihagarika imitwe hamwe numutwe byumvikana.
Biragoye cyane.Ukurikije ubukungu bwa peteroli uyumunsi, nta nyungu yibyuma bidafite ingese.Bizatwara imyaka mirongo kugirango ugabanye ibiciro bya karubone yimodoka ikozwe mubyuma bidafite ingese kugirango igarure ibyiza biramba.
Kuki ubitekereza utyo?Ibyuma bidafite ingese bifite ubucucike bumwe ariko birakomeye.(AISI 304 - 8000 kg / m ^ 3 na 500 MPa, 945 - 7900-8100 kg / m ^ 3 na 450 MPa).Nuburebure bwurupapuro rumwe, umubiri wicyuma udafite ingese ufite uburemere buke numubiri usanzwe wibyuma.Kandi ntugomba kubisiga irangi, kubwibyo nta primer yongeyeho / irangi / varish.
Nibyo, imodoka zimwe zikoze muri aluminium cyangwa na titanium, bityo ziroroshye, ariko ahanini ziri mumasoko yo murwego rwohejuru kandi abaguzi ntakibazo bafite cyo kugura imodoka nshya buri mwaka.Mubyongeyeho, aluminiyumu nayo irabora, rimwe na rimwe ndetse byihuta kuruta ibyuma.
Nta kuntu ibyuma bidafite ingese bigoye kubumba no gusudira.Nibimwe mubikoresho byoroshye gusudira, kandi kubera guhindagurika kwayo kuruta ibyuma bisanzwe, birashobora kubumbabumbwa muburyo bukomeye.Reba inkono, ibyombo, nibindi byapa bidafite ingese biboneka henshi.Ikinini kinini cya AISI 304 kitagira umuyonga kigura make cyane kandi gifite ishusho nziza cyane kuruta icyuma cyose cy'imbere cyashyizweho kashe kuri kiriya cyuma gikennye.Urashobora gukora byoroshye ibice byumubiri ukoresheje ibyuma byujuje ubuziranenge bidafite ingese kubisanzwe kandi ibishushanyo bizaramba.Muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Abasoviyeti, abantu bamwe bakoraga mu nganda z’imodoka rimwe na rimwe bakoraga ibice byumubiri bidafite ingese ku bikoresho by’uruganda kugirango basimbuze imodoka zabo.Urashobora kubona Volga ishaje (GAZ-24) hamwe hepfo, umutiba cyangwa amababa akozwe mubyuma.Ariko ibi ntibyashoboka nyuma y’Ubumwe bw'Abasoviyeti.SHAKA impamvu nuburyo, kandi ubu ntamuntu numwe uzemera kugukorera amafaranga.Sinigeze numva n'ibice byumubiri bidafite ingese bikozwe mu nganda zuburengerazuba cyangwa ubwa gatatu.Icyo nashoboraga kubona ni jeep idafite ibyuma, ariko AFAIR, ibyuma bitagira umuyonga byabyaye intoki, ntabwo ari uruganda.Hariho kandi inkuru yabafana ba WV Golf Mk2 bagerageza gutumiza icyiciro cyicyuma kitagira ingese kubakora ibicuruzwa byanyuma nka Klokkerholm, ubusanzwe babikora mubyuma bisanzwe.Aba bahinguzi bose bahita kandi bahagarika ibiganiro byose kuriyi nsanganyamatsiko, nta nubwo bavuga ibiciro.Ntushobora no gutumiza ikintu icyo aricyo cyose kumafaranga muri kano karere.ndetse no ku bwinshi.
Ndabyemeye, niyo mpamvu ntavuze moteri kurutonde.Rust rwose ntabwo arikibazo nyamukuru cya moteri.
Ibyuma bitagira umwanda bihenze cyane, yego, ariko icyuma kidafite ingese ntigikeneye gusigwa irangi na gato.Igiciro cyigice cyumubiri gisize irangi cyane kuruta igice ubwacyo.Rero, icyuma kidafite ingese kirashobora kubahendutse kuruta icyuma.kandi bizahoraho iteka ryose.Gusa usimbuze ibishaje bishaje bishaje hamwe nibihuru kumodoka yawe kandi ntuzakenera kugura imodoka nshya.Iyo byumvikana, ushobora no gusimbuza moteri ikintu cyiza cyangwa amashanyarazi.Nta myanda, nta guhungabanya ibidukikije bidakenewe mugihe wubaka imodoka nshya cyangwa ikora izishaje.Ariko kubwimpamvu runaka, ubu buryo bwangiza ibidukikije ntabwo buri na gato kurutonde rwabashinzwe ibidukikije n’ababikora.
Mu mpera z'imyaka ya za 70, abanyabukorikori bo muri Filipine bakoze intoki nshya z'umubiri wa Jeepneys.Ubusanzwe zubatswe mu majipe yasigaye mu Ntambara ya Kabiri y'Isi Yose no mu Ntambara yo muri Koreya, ariko ahagana mu 1978 bose baraciwe kubera ko bashoboraga kurambura inyuma kugira ngo bakire abayitwara benshi.Bagombaga rero kubaka bundi bushya kandi bagakoresha ibyuma bitagira umwanda kugirango umubiri utangirika.Ku kirwa gikikijwe n'amazi y'umunyu, nibyiza.
Urupapuro rwicyuma rudafite ibikoresho bihwanye nicyuma cya HiTen.Ibi nibyingenzi kumutekano, ibuka ibizamini bya mbere bya euroNCAP kumodoka zUbushinwa zidakoresheje ubu bwoko bwibyuma bidasanzwe.Kubice bigoye, ntakintu nakimwe gikubita GS icyuma: gihenze, hamwe nibintu byinshi byo guteramo no kurwanya ingese.Umusumari wanyuma mu isanduku nigiciro.Ibyuma bidafite ingese rwose bihenze.Bakoresha urugero rwimodoka ya siporo kubwimpamvu nziza aho ibiciro ntacyo bitwaye, ariko kuri VW ntakundi.
Ukoresheje urubuga rwacu na serivisi, wemera byimazeyo gushyira ibikorwa byacu, imikorere hamwe na kuki yamamaza.sobanure byinshi