Kugadzirisa guruva zvine mutsindo kunogona kunetsa kuzvitoro zvidiki kusvika zvepakati.Pazasi pane mhinduro dzemibvunzo inowanzo bvunzwa nemamaneja ezvitoro zvidiki nepakati nezvemagadzirirwo emhando yemhepo.Getty Images
Welding, plasma cutting, uye laser cutting zvinobudisa utsi, unowanzonzi utsi, uhwo hune guruva rinopepereswa nemhepo rinoumbwa nedikidiki rakaomarara rakaoma.Guva iri rinogona kuderedza kunaka kwemhepo, kushatirisa maziso kana ganda, kukuvadza mapapu, uye kuva ngozi kana inogara pamusoro pepamusoro.
Utsi hwekugadzira hunogona kunge huine lead oxide, iron oxide, nickel, manganese, mhangura, chromium, cadmium uye zinc oxide. Mamwe maitirwo ewelding anoburitsawo magasi ane muchetura akadai senitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide uye ozone.
Kutarisira kwakakodzera kweguruva neutsi munzvimbo yebasa kwakakosha kuitira kuchengetedzwa kwevashandi vako, midziyo uye zvakatipoteredza.Nzira yakanakisisa yekubata guruva ndeyokushandisa nzira yekuunganidza inoibvisa kubva mumhepo, inoibudisa kunze, uye inodzorera mhepo yakachena mumba.
Zvisinei, kutarisira guruva zvinobudirira kunogona kuva dambudziko kune zviduku kusvika pakati pezvitoro zvakakura nekuda kwemutengo uye zvimwe zvinokosha.Zvimwe zvezvivakwa izvi zvichaedza kudzora guruva uye utsi pachavo, vachifunga kuti zvitoro zvavo hazvidi hurongwa hwekuunganidza guruva.
Kunyangwe uchangotanga kana wanga uri mubhizinesi kwemakore mazhinji, unogona kufarira mhinduro dzemibvunzo inowanzo bvunzwa nevadiki uye vepakati welding shopu maneja nezvekutonga kwemhando yemhepo.
Kutanga, proactively kugadzira njodzi yehutano uye kuderedza chirongwa.Semuenzaniso, kuongororwa kwehutsanana hwemaindasitiri kuchakubatsira kuona zvinhu zvinokuvadza muguruva uye kuona mazinga ekusangana.Kuongorora uku kunofanira kusanganisira kuongorora nzvimbo yako kuti uone kuti unosangana neOccupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limits (PELs) yeguruva particles inogadzirwa nechikumbiro chako.
Bvunza mutengesi wako wemidziyo yekubvisa guruva kana vachigona kukurudzira mugadziri wehutsanana weindasitiri kana kambani yeinjiniya yezvemamiriro ekunze ane ruzivo mukuziva guruva uye utsi hwakanangana kune zvivakwa zvesimbi.
Kana iwe uchidzokorora mhepo yakachena kudzokera kunzvimbo yako, iva nechokwadi chokuti inoramba iri pasi pemiganhu yekushanda yakagadzwa neOSHA PEL nokuda kwezvakasvibiswa.
Pakupedzisira, paunenge uchigadzira hurongwa hwekubvisa guruva, unofanirwa kuve nechokwadi kuti unogadzira nzvimbo yebasa yakachengeteka maererano neCs nhatu dzekubvisa guruva uye kubviswa kwehutu: kutora, kutakura, uye zvine.
Uyu muenzaniso wecartridge industrial dust collection iri kunze kwewelding station.Mufananidzo: Camfil APC
A dust collector system yakagadzirirwa kushanda kwako inopupurirwa uye yakasimbiswa engineering control inotora, inopa uye ine zvinokuvadza zvinosvibisa mhepo.Dry media dust collectors ane high effective cartridge filters uye yechipiri mafirita akakodzera kutora guruva rinofema.
Source capture systems dzakakurumbira mumashandisirwo anosanganisira welding yezvikamu zvidiki uye zvigadziriso.Kazhinji, zvinosanganisira pfuti dzekubvisa utsi (mazano ekusveta), maoko anochinjika ekubvisa, uye slotted fume hoods kana madiki ekubvisa utsi ane maside shields.Izvi zvinowanzogadziridzwa kuti ive application-chaiyo nekukanganisa kushoma kwekufamba kwebasa.
Kuvhara
Kana chikumbiro chako chisingaenderane nemazano ataurwa kare, hurongwa hwezvakatipoteredza hunogona kugadzirwa kuti hubvise utsi kubva kune vakawanda, kana isiri iyo nzvimbo yose.Ramba uchifunga kuti paunoenda kubva kune chitubu chekutora, chivharo uye hood kuenda kune ambient collection, iyo airflow inodiwa inowedzera zvakanyanya, sezvinoita mutengo wetiti.
Zvitoro zvakawanda zvidiki uye zvepakati-kati zvinowanzopindura chete mushure mekuedza kushandisa nzira dzekuchengetedza mari dzeDIY, sekuvhura magonhi nemahwindo uye kugadzira yavo yega epoust masisitimu, kudzora utsi.
Chinhu chokutanga chaunofanira kuita ndechokuti uone kuti matambudziko anonyanya kuitika munzvimbo yako.Iyi inogona kunge iri plasma table fumes, freehand arc gouging, kana welding pane workbench.Kubva ipapo, gadzirisa nzira inobudisa utsi hwakawanda kutanga.Zvichienderana nehuwandu hwehutsi hunogadzirwa, inotakurika system inogona kukubatsira kuti upfuure.
Nzira yakanakisisa yekuderedza kushandiswa kwevashandi kune utsi hunokuvadza ndeyekushanda nemhando yekugadzira guruva rekugadzira iyo inogona kukubatsira kuziva uye kugadzira hurongwa hwetsika yenzvimbo yako.Kazhinji, izvi zvinosanganisira kuisa hurongwa hwekuunganidza guruva nepuraimari cartridge filter uye yakakwirira-yepamusoro-soro yechipiri yekuchengetedza sefa.
Yekutanga sefa midhiya yaunosarudza pachishandiso chega chega inofanira kubva pakukura kweguruva, hunhu hwekuyerera, huwandu uye kugoverwa. Chechipiri chekuchengetedza mafirita, senge HEPA mafirita, anowedzera hunyanzvi hwekutorwa kwechikamu kusvika ku0.3 microns kana kupfuura (kutora chikamu chepamusoro chePM1) uye kudzivirira utsi hunokuvadza kuti hurege kuburitswa mumhepo kana pakatadza kusefa yekutanga.
Kana uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchingedzo.
Chenjerera makore eutsi anokora uye anorembera mumhepo zuva rese mushure mechiitiko chako chewelding.Zvisinei, kuwanda kweutsi hakurevi hazvo kuti dhizaini yako yekubvisa haisi kushanda nemazvo, zvinogona kureva kuti wakapfuura kugona kwehurongwa hwako hwazvino.Kana uchangobva kuwedzera kugadzirwa, ungangoda kuongorora zvakare kuseta kwako uye kuita shanduko kuti uwedzere basa.
Kutarisira kwakaringana guruva uye utsi kwakakosha kuchengetedzeka kwevashandi vako, zvishandiso uye nharaunda yemusangano.
Chekupedzisira, nguva dzose zvakakosha kuteerera, kutarisa, uye kubvunza vashandi vako. Vanogona kukuzivisa iwe kana zvigadziriso zvako zveinjiniya zviri kunyatso gadzirisa huruva munzvimbo yako uye kupa zano rekuvandudza.
Mitemo yeOSHA yemabhizimisi maduku inogona kuva yakaoma, kunyanya kana iri kuuya pakuziva mitemo yaunofanira kutevera uye kuti ndeipi yaunoregererwa kubva.Kazhinji, zvitoro zviduku zvinofunga kuti zvinogona kubhururuka pasi pe radar yemirairo yeOSHA-kusvikira mushandi achinyunyuta.Ngativei zvakajeka: Kuregeredza mitemo hakubvisi ngozi dzehutano hwevashandi.
Maererano neChikamu 5 (a) (1) cheOSHA's General Responsibility Provisions, vashandi vanofanira kuziva uye kuderedza ngozi dzepabasa.Izvi zvinoreva kuti vashandi vanofanira kuchengetedza zvinyorwa zvinozivisa njodzi dzose (guruva) dzinogadzirwa muzvivako zvavo.Kana guruva rinopisa uye rinoputika, kutungamirirwa kweguruva kunofanira kuitwa maererano nemitemo yeNational Fire Protection, kana isingadi kuchengetwa kweNational Fire Protection.
OSHA inogadzirisawo PEL zvikumbaridzo zvekusvibiswa kwemhepo kubva kune welding uye metalworking.Idzi PELs dzinobva pa8-awa-yakareba-yeredhi yeavhareji yemazana ehuruva, kusanganisira iyo iri muwelding uye metalworking fumes yakanyorwa muAnnotated PEL table.Apo yekutanga kutarisa kwemhepo kunoratidza kuratidzwa kwevashandisi mazinga pasi pezvido zveOSHA , shandisa zvivako zvekushandisa.
Sezvatotaurwa, utsi hunogona kutsamwisa maziso uye ganda.Zvisinei, unofanirawo kuziva zvimwe zvinokuvadza.
Particulate matter (PM) ine dhayamita ye10 microns kana zvishoma (≤ PM10) inogona kusvika pakufema, nepo zvikamu 2.5 microns kana zvishoma (≤ PM2.5) zvinogona kupinda mukati memapapu.
Kugara uchisangana nePM kunowedzera njodzi yezvirwere zvekufema, kusanganisira kenza yemapapu. Zvimedu zvakawanda kubva mukunama nekugadzira simbi zvinowira mukati meiyi njodzi, uye hunhu nekuoma kwenjodzi kunosiyana zvichienderana nerudzi rwezvinhu zviri kugadziriswa. Ungave uchishandisa simbi isina simbi, nyoro, aruminiyamu, galvanized, kana zvimwe zvinhu, zvinhu zvakanaka zvekuchengetedza data mapepa inzvimbo yakanaka yekuziva.
Manganese ndiyo simbi huru muwelding waya uye inogona kukonzera kutemwa nemusoro, kuneta, kushaya simba uye kupera simba.Kugara kwenguva refu kuhutu hwemanganese kunogona kukonzera matambudziko etsinga.
Kuratidzwa kune hexavalent chromium (hexavalent chromium), kenza inogadzirwa panguva yekuputika kwesimbi ine chromium, inogona kukonzera chirwere chepamusoro chekufema kwenguva pfupi uye kutsamwa kweziso kana ganda.
Zinc oxide inobva mukushanda kunopisa kwesimbi inogona kukonzera fivha yesimbi, chirwere chenguva pfupi chine zviratidzo zvakakomba sefuruu mushure mekubuda kubasa, sekupera kwevhiki kana mushure mezororo.
Kana uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge waswera.
Zviratidzo nezviratidzo zvekuratidzwa kweberyllium zvinogona kusanganisira kupfupika kwekufema, kukosora, kuneta, kupera muviri, fivha, uye dikita husiku.
Mukugadzira uye kupisa kwekucheka mashandiro, yakanyatsogadzirwa uye yakachengetedzwa guruva yekubvisa system inodzivirira matambudziko ekufema kwevashandi uye inochengeta zvivako zvichiteerana nezvino zvinodikanwa zvemhando yemhepo.
Hongu.Mhepo ine chiutsi inogona kupfeka zvinopisa kupisa uye macoil ekutonhodza, zvichiita kuti masisitimu eHVAC ade kugara achigadzirisa.Utsi hunopisa hunogona kupinda mumasefa akajairwa eHVAC, hunoita kuti zvigadziriso zvekudziisa zvikundike uye kuvhara macoil ekufemesa emhepo.Sevhisi inoenderera mberi yeHVAC system inogona kudhura, asi kusashanda zvakanaka kunogona kugadzira mamiriro ezvinhu ane njodzi kuvashandi.
Mutemo wakapfava asi wakakosha wekuchengetedza ndewekutsiva sefa yeguruva isati yanyanya kuwanda.Dzorera sefa kana ukaona chimwe chezvinotevera:
Mamwe mafirita e-cartridge akareba anogona kushanda kwemakore maviri kana kupfuura pakati pekuchinja.Zvisinei, zvikumbiro zvine guruva rinorema zvinowanzoda kuchinja kwesefa kakawanda.
Kusarudza sefa yekutsiva yakakodzera yemuunganidzi we cartridge yako kunogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya mutengo uye kushanda kwesystem. Ngwarira paunenge uchitenga mafirita ekutsiva e cartridge collector yako - haasi ese mafirita akafanana.
Kakawanda, vatengi vakanamira neakanakisa kukosha.Zvisinei, mutengo wemazita hausi wakanakisa girodhi yekutenga cartridge filter.
Pakazere, kukudzivirira iwe nevashandi vako neyakafanira yekuunganidza guruva system kunoenda kure kure kubatsira bhizinesi rako diki kusvika repakati kubudirira.
WELDER, yaichimbova Practical Welding Nhasi, inoratidza vanhu chaivo vanogadzira zvigadzirwa zvatinoshandisa uye kushanda nazvo zuva nezuva. Magazini ino yakashandira nharaunda yewelding muNorth America kwemakore anopfuura 20.
Iye zvino nekuwana kuzere kudhijitari yeThe FABRICATOR, kuwana nyore kune yakakosha indasitiri zviwanikwa.
Iyo yedhijitari edition yeThe Tube & Pipe Journal yave kuwanikwa zvizere, ichipa nyore kuwana kune yakakosha indasitiri zviwanikwa.
Nakidzwa nekuwana kuzere kudhijitari ye STAMPING Journal, iyo inopa kufambira mberi kwetekinoroji, maitiro epamusoro uye nhau dzeindasitiri yemusika wesimbi.
Iye zvino nekuwana kuzere kudhijitari yeThe Fabricator en Español, kuwana nyore kune yakakosha indasitiri zviwanikwa.