Chiziviso cheMupepeti: Pharmaceutical Online inofara kupa chinyorwa ichi chine zvikamu zvina pamusoro pe orbital welding ye bioprocess piping nenyanzvi yeindasitiri Barbara Henon weArc Machines.Chinyorwa ichi chakatorwa kubva kumharidzo yaDr. Henon pamusangano weASME kupera kwegore rapfuura.
Dzivirira kurasikirwa kwekusagadzikana kwegora. Mvura yakachena yakachena yakadai seDI kana WFI inotyisa zvikuru yesimbi isina tsvina. Uyezve, giredhi yemishonga WFI inofambiswa pamhepo inopisa (80 ° C) kuchengetedza sterility. Pane musiyano usingaoneki pakati pekudzikisa tembiricha zvakakwana kutsigira zvisikwa zvipenyu zvinokurudzira kugadzirwa kwebrouge kunokonzera kutyisa kwechigadzirwa. nekuora kwesimbi isina tsvina yepiping system components.Dirt uye iron oxides inogona kunge iri iyo huru yezvikamu, asi maitiro akasiyana-siyana esimbi, chromium uye nickel anogonawo kuvapo.Kuvapo kwe rouge kunouraya kune zvimwe zvigadzirwa uye kuvapo kwayo kunogona kutungamirira kukuwedzera kuparara, kunyange zvazvo kuvapo kwayo mune mamwe maitiro kunoratidzika kunge kusina kunaka.
Welding inogona kukanganisa kusagadzikana kwekuora. Kupisa ruvara kunokonzerwa ne oxidizing zvinhu zvakaiswa pa welds uye HAZs panguva yekuputika, zvinonyanya kukuvadza, uye zvinosanganiswa nekuumbwa kwe rouge mumishonga yemvura system.Chromium oxide formation inogona kukonzera tint inopisa, ichisiya shure kwechromium-susrosioned layer, chromium-susrosioned layer inobviswa uye inobvisa chromium-yakasvibiswa. kubvisa simbi kubva pamusoro, kusanganisira pasi chromium-depleted layer, uye kudzoreredza kusagadzikana kwemarara kusvika kumatanho ari pedyo nenheyo yesimbi mazinga.Zvisinei, pickling uye kugaya zvinokanganisa kupedzisa kwepamusoro.Passivation yepiping system ne nitric acid kana chelating agent formulations inoitwa kuti ikunde migumisiro yakaipa yehuputi uye kugadzirwa kwekugadzira pamberi pekuongorora kweelectronic kusati kwaitwa piping system. yeokisijeni, chromium, iron, nickel uye manganese zvakaitika mu weld uye kupisa kwakakanganisika zone kune pre-weld state.Zvisinei, passivation inongobata kunze kwepamusoro denga uye haipindi pasi pe50 angstroms, nepo thermal coloration inogona kuwedzera 1000 angstroms kana kupfuura pasi pevhu.
Nokudaro, kuitira kuti uise mapiping systems e-corrosion-resistant pedyo ne-welded substrates, zvakakosha kuedza kudzikamisa welding nekugadzira-induced kukuvadza kune mazinga anogona kudzorerwa zvakanyanya kuburikidza ne passivation. kudzivirira kurasikirwa kwekupokana kwekuora.Kudzora nzira yekugadzira kuti iwane inodzokororwa uye inopindirana yepamusoro-soro welds, pamwe nekunyatsobatwa kwepaipi yesimbi isina tsvina uye zvikamu panguva yekugadzira kudzivirira kusvibiswa, zvinodiwa zvakakosha zvemhando yepamusoro yepiping system inopesana nekuora uye inopa basa rinobereka kwenguva refu.
Zvishandiso zvakashandiswa mukuchena kwepamusoro-soro biopharmaceutical simbi isina simbi pombi masisitimu zvakave nekushanduka-shanduka kusvika kune yakagadziridzwa kusadzivirirwa mukati memakore gumi apfuura. Simbi isina tsvina yakawanda yakashandiswa pamberi pe1980 yaive 304 simbi isina tsvina nekuti yaive isingadhure uye kuvandudzwa pamusoro pemhangura yakashandiswa kare. , uye haidi yakakosha preheat uye post kupisa kurapwa.
Munguva ichangopfuura, kushandiswa kwe316 simbi isina tsvina mumapurogiramu epombi epamusoro-soro yave ichikwira.Rudzi rwe316 rwakafanana mukuumbwa kune Rudzi rwe304, asi kuwedzera kune chromium uye nickel alloying zvinhu zvinowanzoonekwa kune zvose zviri zviviri, 316 ine inenge 2% molybdenum, iyo inovandudza zvakanyanya 31330 316L uye 6LR kupikisa kunonzi "316L" uye 6LR. magiredhi, ane kabhoni yakaderera pane magiredhi akajairwa (0.035% vs. 0.08%).Uku kuderedzwa kwekabhoni kunotarisirwa kuderedza kuwanda kwecarbide precipitation inogona kuitika nekuda kwewelding.Uku ndiko kuumbwa kwechromium carbide, iyo inopedza miganhu yezviyo zvechromium base metal, zvichiita kuti susceptible. tembiricha zvinoenderana uye idambudziko rakakura kana ruoko soldering.Takaratidza kuti orbital welding of super-austenitic stainless steel AL-6XN inopa ma welds anoramba kuita corrosion pane ma welds akafanana anoitwa nemaoko.Izvi imhaka yekuti orbital welding inopa kunyatso kudzora kweamperage, pulsation uye nguva, zvichikonzera kudzikira uye kwakawanda welding muuniform 3 welding 4 magiredhi ekupisa kana 4 magiredhi ekupisa. inobvisa kunaya kwecarbide sechimwe chinhu mukukura kwekuora mumapombi masisitimu.
Heat-to-heat variation of stainless steel.Kunyange zvazvo welding parameters nezvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kuchengetwa mukati mezvakaremara kushivirira, kuchine misiyano mukupisa kunodiwa kuti weld Stainless steel kubva pakupisa kusvika pakupisa.Nhamba yekupisa ndiyo nhamba yemujenya inopihwa kune chaiyo Stainless simbi inonyunguduka pafekitori.The chaiyo kemikari inoumbwa yebatch yega yega inorekodhwa pamwe chete neIron batch iTredent Report (Puddent Heat iTR) (Puddent Heat number). pa 1538 ° C (2800 ° F), nepo simbi dzakasanganiswa dzichinyunguduka mukati memhando yetembiricha, zvichienderana nerudzi uye kusungirirwa kwealloy imwe neimwe kana trace element iripo.Sezvo pasina kupisa kuviri kwesimbi isina tsvina kuchange kuine kunyatsoenderana kwakafanana kwechinhu chimwe nechimwe, welding maitiro achasiyana kubva muchoto kuenda kuchoto.
SEM ye316L pombi orbital welds paAOD pombi (pamusoro) uye EBR zvinhu (pazasi) yakaratidza mutsauko wakakura mukutsvedzereka kweweld bead.
Kunyange zvazvo imwe nzira yekugadzira moto inogona kushanda kune kupisa kwakawanda neOD yakafanana uye rusvingo rwemadziro, mamwe kupisa anoda zvishoma amperage uye mamwe anoda amperage akakwirira kupfuura akajairika.Nechikonzero ichi, kupisa kwezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana panzvimbo yebasa kunofanira kunyatsoongororwa kuti zvidzivirire zvinetso zvinogona kuitika.
Sulfur problem.Elemental sulfur is an iron ore-related tsvina iyo inonyanya kubviswa panguva yekugadzira simbi.AISI Type 304 uye 316 Stainless steels inotsanangurwa ine huwandu hwesarufa inokwana 0.030%.Nekuvandudzwa kwemaitiro emazuva ano ekunatsa simbi, akadai seArgon Oxygen Decarburization (Acuum Vasducation) uye Melcuum Duturation Practice uye Melcuum Duturation Practice Arc Remelting (VIM + VAR), zvave zvichigoneka kugadzira simbi dzakanyanya kukosha munzira dzinotevera.kemikari yavo yakagadzirwa.Zvakacherechedzwa kuti zvimiro zveweld pool zvinoshanduka kana sulfur yemukati yesimbi iri pazasi inosvika 0.008%.Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuita kwesarufa uye kusvika pamwero mudiki zvimwe zvinhu pane tembiricha coefficient of the surface tension of the liquid pool.
Panguva yakaderera zvikuru sarufa concentrations (0.001% - 0.003%), kupinda mukati weld puddle kunova yakafara chaizvo zvichienzaniswa zvakafanana welds zvakaitwa pakati nepakati sarufa content materials.Welds anogadzirwa pasi sarufa Stainless simbi pombi achava wakapamhama welds, nepo mukobvu rusvingo pombi (0.065 inches, kana 1.065 inches, kana 1.66 mamirimita kuchaita welding ikozvino kuchaita. inokwana kugadzira weld yakapinda zvizere.Izvi zvinoita kuti zvinhu zvine sarufa zviome zvakanyanya kuomesa, kunyanya nemadziro akakora.Pamusoro wepamusoro we sulfur concentration mu 304 kana 316 stainless steel, weld bead inoita kunge isina fluid pakuonekwa uye rougher kupfuura medium sulfur materials.Saka, for weldability, the weldability, the best end of the sulfur concentration in 304 or 316 Stainless steel, the weld bead inenge iine fluid shoma pakuonekwa uye rougher than medium sulfur materials.Saka, for weldability, the weldability, the weldability, the best in the 10000000000000% sarufa inenge 5.0.0.0.0.0,000%,000,000,000% ye sulfur. muASTM A270 S2 yemhando yemishonga tubing.
Vagadziri vepombi yesimbi isina tsvina yemagetsi vakaona kuti kunyangwe mwero wepakati wesarufa mu316 kana 316L simbi isina tsvina inoita kuti zviome kuita zvinodiwa nevatengi vavo vesemiconductor uye biopharmaceutical yemukati yakatsetseka, isina gomba.Kushandiswa kwescanning maelectronic microscopy kuona kutsvedzereka kwechubhu pamusoro pesimbi yave ichiwedzera kupedzwa kwesimbi. se sulfide (MnS) "stringers" iyo inobviswa panguva ye electropolishing uye inosiya voids mu 0.25-1.0 micron range.
Vagadziri vemabhuru eMagetsi vari kutyaira musika vachishandiswa pakushandiswa kwemagetsi ekupedza. ur, "kuchenesa" zvinhu.
Arc deflection.Kuwedzera pakuvandudza weldability yesimbi isina tsvina, kuvapo kweimwe sarufa zvakare kunonatsiridza machinability.Nekuda kweizvozvo, vagadziri nevagadziri vanowanzo sarudza zvinhu pamucheto wepamusoro weiyo yakatsanangurwa sulfur content range.Welding tubing with very low sulfur concentrations to fittings, valves or other tubing with higher sulfur content because the welding a low sulfur contents can create a willing a welding a sulfur content. ction inoitika, kupinza kunova kwakadzika kune yakaderera-sarufa parutivi pane yakakwira-sarufa divi, izvo zvinopesana nezvinoitika kana welding mapaipi ane matching sulfur concentrations.Muzviitiko zvakanyanyisa, weld bead inogona kupindira zvachose pasi-sarufa zvinhu uye kusiya mukati meweld isina kubviswa zvachose (Fihey uye Simeneau, inorongedzera zvinyorwa zveSulfur kune machisi 192). penter Steel Division yeCar-penter Technology Corporation of Pennsylvania yakaunza sarufa yakaderera (0.005% max) 316 bar stock (Type 316L-SCQ) (VIM+VAR)) yekugadzira mafittings nezvimwe zvinhu zvinoda kuiswa welded to low sulfur pipes.Kuswededza zvinhu zviviri zvesarufa zvakaderera zvakanyanya pane imwe sarufa zvinhu zvakaderera kune imwe zviri nyore kwazvo.
Kuchinja kune kushandiswa kwemachubhu e-low-sulfur kunonyanya kukonzerwa nekudiwa kwekuwana yakatsetseka ye electropolished mukati mechubhu nzvimbo.Kunyange kupedzisa kwepamusoro uye electropolishing zvakakosha kune zvose semiconductor industry uye biotech / pharmaceutical industry, SEMI, pakunyorera semiconductor industry tsanangudzo, yakatsanangurwa kuti 316L tubing yekugadzira gas optimum mitsara , sur000M 4% yekushanda gas , 4M . kune rumwe rutivi, vakashandura maitiro avo eASTM 270 kuti aise tubing yemishonga-giredhi iyo inogadzirisa zvinyorwa zvesarufa kusvika kune 0.005 kusvika 0.017%.Izvi zvinofanira kuguma nematambudziko mashoma ekuputira zvichienzaniswa nesarufa yakaderera. kupisa kwezvinhu uye tarisa kusati kwagadzirwa Solder kugarisana pakati pekupisa.Kugadzirwa kwewelds.
zvimwe zvinhu zvekutevera.Tsvaga zvinhu zvinosanganisira sarufa, okisijeni, aluminium, silicon uye manganese zvakawanikwa zvichikanganisa kupinza.Tsvaga huwandu hwealuminium, silicon, calcium, titanium uye chromium iripo musimbi yepasi se oxide inclusions inosanganiswa nekuumbwa kwe slag panguva yewelding.
Migumisiro yezvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana inowanda, saka kuvapo kweokisijeni kunogona kukanganisa mamwe emhando yakaderera yesarufa.Mafuta ealuminium anogona kurwisana nemigumisiro yakanaka pakupinda kwesarufa.Manganese inoputika pakupisa kwekushisa uye inoisa munzvimbo inopisa inopisa.Idzi manganese deposits dzakabatana nekurasikirwa kwecorrosion resistance,Semicondu9 industry is now,Semiconduhen industry.(Semicondu7 industry). kunyange ultra-low manganese 316L zvinhu zvekudzivirira kurasikirwa uku kwekuramba kwemarara.
Slag formation.Slag zvitsuwa zvinomboonekwa pane Stainless simbi bead kune mamwe heats.Iyi inyaya yenyama, asi dzimwe nguva shanduko yewelding parameters inogona kuderedza izvi, kana shanduko mune argon/hydrogen musanganiswa unogona kuvandudza weld.Pollard akawana kuti reshiyo yealuminium nesilicon musimbi yepasi inokanganisa kuumbwa kwesimbi. .010% uye silicon kugutsikana pa 0.5%.Zvisinei, kana Al/Si reshiyo iri pamusoro nhanho iyi, spherical slag inogona kuumba pane plaque type.Iyi rudzi rwe slag inogona kusiya makomba mushure me electropolishing, iyo isingagamuchirwi kune yakakwirira-kuchena zvikumbiro.Slag zvitsuwa zvinoumba paOD ye weld ye weldration ye spherical slag inogona kuumba panzvimbo ye plaque type.Iyi rudzi rwe slag inogona kusiya makomba mushure me electropolishing, iyo isingagamuchirwi kune yakakwirira-kuchena zvikumbiro.Slag zvitsuwa zvinoumba paOD ye weld ye weldration ye spherical slag inogona kuumba pane plaque type.Iyi mhando ye slag inogona kusiya makomba mushure me electropolishing, iyo isingagamuchirwi kune yakakwirira-kuchena kushandiswa. ld bead inogona kuita ngura.
Single-run weld with pulsation.Standard automatic orbital tube welding is a single pass weld with pulsed current and continuous constant speed rotation.Iyi nzira yakakodzera pombi ine kunze kwemadhayamita kubva 1/8 "kusvika anenge 7" uye madziro makubvu e0.083 ″ uye pazasi.Mushure menguva yakatarwa yenguva yekutsvaira kwetubercing inoitika panguva ye-tubercing inoitika panguva ye-tubercing. iripo asi hapana kutenderera kunoitika.Mushure meiyi kunonoka kutenderera, electrode inotenderera ichitenderedza weld joint kusvika iyo weld yabatana kana kupindirana nechikamu chekutanga cheweld panguva yekupedzisira yewelding.Kana kubatanidzwa kwapera, ikozvino inodonha mukudonha kwenguva.
Step mode ("synchronized" welding) .Nekuda kwefusion welding yezvakakora madziro emidziyo, kazhinji yakakura kupfuura 0.083 inch, iyo fusion welding simba sosi inogona kushandiswa musynchronous kana nhanho modhi.In synchronous kana nhanho modhi, iyo welding ikozvino pulse inowiriraniswa nesitiroko, saka rotor inomira kuti ipinde zvakanyanya mukati menguva yakaderera pulses panguva yazvino pulse pulse. pahurongwa hwe 0.5 kusvika 1.5 masekonzi, zvichienzaniswa chegumi kana zana chechipiri pulse nguva yezvakajairwa welding.Iyi nzira inogona zvinobudirira weld 0.154 ″ kana 6″ gobvu 40 geji 40 nhete yemadziro pombi ine 0.154 ″ kana 6 ″ ″ ″ ″ mudhuri gobvu. fittings kune mapaipi apo panogona kunge kune misiyano yedimensional tolerances, kumwe kusarongeka kana Material thermal incompatibility.Iyi mhando yewelding inoda inenge kaviri nguva yearc yenguva dzose welding uye haina kukodzera kune ultra-high-purity (UHP) kushandiswa nekuda kwehupamhi, rougher seam.
Chizvarwa chemazuva ano chemagetsi emagetsi emagetsi ane microprocessor-yakavakirwa uye zvirongwa zvechitoro zvinotsanangura nhamba dzemhando yewelding paramita yedhayamita chaiyo (OD) uye ukobvu hwemadziro epombi kuti isungirwe, kusanganisira nguva yekuchenesa, welding ikozvino, kumhanya kwekufamba (RPM) ), nhamba yezvikamu uye nguva pachikamu, nguva yekupuruzira, nguva yekudzika, nezvimwewo. llation amplitude uye kugara nguva, AVC (arc voltage control kuti ipe nguva dzose arc gap), uye upslope.Kuita fusion welding, isa musoro welding ne electrode yakakodzera uye pipe clamp inoisa papombi uye yeuka purogiramu yemagetsi kana purogiramu kubva kune simba rekuyeuka.
Non-programmable variables.Kuwana zvinogara zvakanaka weld quality, iyo welding parameters inofanira kunyatsodzorwa.Izvi zvinowanikwa kuburikidza nekururamisa kwesimba remagetsi emagetsi uye purogiramu yekugadzira, iyo inhengo yemirairo yakapinda mumagetsi emagetsi, inosanganisira welding parameters, ye welding saizi chaiyo yepombi kana pipe. lding inosangana nezviyero zvakabvumiranwa.Zvisinei, zvimwe zvinhu uye nzira kunze kwezvigadziro zvewelding zvinofanirawo kunyatsodzorwa.Zvinhu izvi zvinosanganisira kushandiswa kwegadziriro yakanaka yekugadzirira, kuchenesa uye kubata maitiro, maitiro akanaka ekushivirira kwetubing kana zvimwe zvikamu zviri welded, inowirirana tungsten rudzi uye ukuru, yakacheneswa zvakanyanya inert magasi, uye kunyatsoteerera kune zvakasiyana-siyana zvekushisa.
The kugadzirira zvinodiwa pombi kuguma nomoto zvinonyanya kukosha nokuda orbital nomoto kupfuura Chinyorwa welding.Welded majoini for orbital nyere welding kazhinji square butt majoini.Kuwana repeatability anodiwa mu orbital welding, chaiyo, inopindirana, machined kuguma kugadzirira kunodiwa.Sezvo welding ikozvino zvinoenderana nemadziro ukobvu, migumo inofanira kuva sikweya isina mabhero kana madziro ID.
Iyo pombi inopera inofanira kupindirana pamwe chete mumusoro we weld kuitira kuti pasave nekapu inooneka pakati pemigumo yechikwere butt joint.Kunyange zvazvo welded majoini ane maburi madiki anogona kuitwa, weld quality inogona kukanganiswa zvakanyanya.Iyo yakakura iyo gap, iyo ingangodaro kune dambudziko.Kusangana kweurombo kunogona kukonzera kukanganisa kwakakwana kwekutengesa.Pipe pombi yepombi uye inopera kugadzirwa kwepombi uye inopera kugadzirwa kwepombi yeGeorge. iwo akafanana neaya akagadzirwa neProtem, Wachs, uye mamwe, anowanzo shandiswa kugadzira yakatsetseka magumo orbital welds akakodzera machining .Kucheka masaha, hacksaws, bhendi masaha uye tubing cutters hazvina kukodzera chinangwa ichi.
Kuwedzera kune welding parameters iyo inopinza simba rekuisa weld, kune zvimwe zvinosiyana zvinogona kuita zvakadzika pawelding, asi hazvisi chikamu cheiyo chaiyo welding process.Izvi zvinosanganisira mhando uye saizi yetungsten, rudzi uye kuchena kwegasi rinoshandiswa kudzivirira arc uye kuchenesa mukati meiyo weld joint, iyo gasi flow flow rate inoshandiswa kuchenesa musoro uye dhizaini yemhando ipi neipi yemhando yekubatanidza, iyo inodaidza mhando yemhando yekubatanidza, iyo inoshandiswa kuchenesa musoro uye simba rekushandisa. "zvisiri-programmable" zvakasiyana-siyana uye zvirekore pane welding schedule.Somuenzaniso, rudzi rwegasi rinoonekwa sechinhu chakakosha muWelding Procedure Specification (WPS) yekugadzira nzira dzekugadzirisa kuti dzienderane neASME Section IX Boiler uye Pressure Vessel Code.Kuchinja mumhando yegesi kana gasi musanganiswa wemazana, kana kubviswa kweID yekuchenesa kunoda kugadziriswa kwekugadzirisa.
welding gas.Stainless steel inopesana neatmospheric oxygen oxidation panzvimbo yekupisa.Kana ichipisa kusvika pakunyunguduka kwayo (1530 ° C kana 2800 ° F yesimbi yakachena) inogadziriswa nyore nyore.Inert argon inonyanya kushandiswa sekudzivirira gasi uye yekuchenesa mukati welded welded joints kuburikidza nehuwandu hweGTA uye gasi okisijeni inogadzirisa nzira ye oxiW. dation-induced discoloration inoitika kana padhuze ne weld after welding.Kana iyo purge gasi isiri yemhando yepamusoro kana kana purge system isina kudonhedza zvachose zvekuti mweya mudiki unopinda mu purge system, iyo oxidation inogona kunge yakareruka teal kana bluish. Chokwadi, hapana kucheneswa kunozoguma neiyo crusty black surfaceetlding cyppeder inowanzonzi 9. 996-99.997% yakachena, zvichienderana nemutengesi, uye ine 5-7 ppm yeokisijeni uye mamwe matsvina, kusanganisira H2O, O2, CO2, hydrocarbons, nezvimwewo, nokuda kwehuwandu hwe40 ppm yakawanda.Kuchena-kuchena argon mu cylinder kana liquid argon muDewar 9109 purezidhendi 9 9109% yakachena. ppm oxygen.NOTEVEDZERA: Vanonatsa gasi seNanochem kana Muchengeti weGedhi anogona kushandiswa panguva yekuchenesa kuderedza kusvibiswa kwemazinga kune zvikamu zvebhiriyoni (ppb).
Musanganiswa wemagasi akadai se75% helium/25% argon uye 95% argon/5% hydrogen inogona kushandiswa semagasi ekudzivirira kune mamwe maapplications.Misanganiswa miviri yakagadzira mawelds anopisa kupfuura ayo akaitwa pasi pezvirongwa zvakafanana zve argon.Helium misanganiswa inonyanya kukodzera kupinza kwakanyanya kuburikidza nefusion welding pacarbononductor musanganiswa weindustry yehydrogen consultant industry. elding gases for UHP applications.Hydrogen misanganiswa ine zvakawanda zvakanakira, asiwo zvimwe zvakakomba disavantages.Chakanakira ndechekuti inoburitsa mvura yakanyorova uye inotsvedzerera weld surface, iyo yakanakira kushandisa Ultra-high pressure gas delivery systems ine inotsvedzerera pamusoro pemukati sezvinobvira.Kuvapo kwehydrogen kunopa mhepo inoderedza, saka kana maronda emushonga weokisijeni anozovepo mune gasld yakachena musanganiswa uchange uripo mune gasld musanganiswa weokisijeni wakafanana uripo. pure argon.Ichi chiitiko chakanaka pane inenge 5% hydrogen content.Vamwe vanoshandisa 95/5% argon/hydrogen musanganiswa seID purge kuvandudza kuonekwa kwemukati weld bead.
Weld bead ichishandisa hydrogen musanganiswa sezvo gasi rekudzivirira rakatetepa, kunze kwekuti simbi isina tsvina ine sarufa yakadzikira uye inoburitsa kupisa kwakawanda muweld pane imwechete yazvino kugadzika ine isina kusanganiswa argon.Kushaikwa kukuru kweargon/hydrogen misanganiswa ndeyokuti arc haina kugadzikana zvakanyanya pane yakachena argon, uye kune kudonhedza kwakakomba kwearc kukonzeresa. inonyangarika kana imwe gasi yakasanganiswa yakashandiswa inoshandiswa, zvichiratidza kuti inogona kukonzerwa nekusvibiswa kana kusanganiswa kusina kunaka.Nekuda kwekuti kupisa kunokonzerwa nearc kunosiyana nehuwandu hwehydrogen, kusungirirwa nguva dzose kunokosha kuti uwane kudzokororwa welds, uye pane kusiyana kwegasi rebhodhoro rakasanganiswa kare. s haisati yatsanangurwa, yakashumwa kuti arc yakanyanya kuoma uye tungsten inogona kuchinjwa mushure meimwe kana maviri welds.Argon / hydrogen misanganiswa haigoni kushandiswa kugadzira carbon steel kana titanium.
Chinhu chinosiyanisa cheTIG process ndechekuti haipedzi maelectrode.Tungsten ine nzvimbo yakanyanyisa kunyungudika chero ipi zvayo yesimbi (6098 ° F; 3370 ° C) uye yakanaka electron emitter, ichiita kuti inonyanya kukodzera kushandiswa se electrode isingadyi.Zvinhu zvayo zvinovandudzwa nekuwedzera 2% yezvimwe zvisingawanzoitiki pasi oxides zvakadai se lanum oxide kana kuti turc oxide oxides, lanum oxide kana turc oxide. ngsten haiwanzo shandiswa muGTAW nekuda kwehukuru hwecerium tungsten, kunyanya kune orbital GTAW applications.Thorium tungsten inoshandiswa zvishoma pane yekare nekuti ine radioactive yakati wandei.
Electrodes ane polished finish are more uniform in size.A smooth surface is always preferable to the rough or inconcentive surface, as consistency in electrode geometry yakakosha kuti ienderane, uniform yewelding results.Electrons akabudiswa kubva kumuromo (DCEN) transfer heat kubva ku tungsten tip kusvika kune weld.A finer tip inobvumira the very high welding lifetime, kuti irambe iine density yehupenyu hupfupi. zvakakosha kuti mechanically kugaya electrode tip kuti ive nechokwadi repeatability of tungsten geometry uye weld repeatability.The blunt tip inomanikidza arc kubva weld kusvika panzvimbo imwe chete pane tungsten.The tip dhayamita inodzora chimiro che arc uye chiyero chekupinda pane imwe current.The taper angle inokanganisa ikozvino / voltage maitiro ehurefu hwehurefu hwehurefu hunofanira kuzivikanwa hwehurefu hwe arc uye turced. rinoshandiswa kuseta arc gap.Arc gap yehukoshi chaiyo iripo inogadzirisa voltage uye nokudaro simba rinoshandiswa kune weld.
Saizi ye electrode uye dhayamita yaro yetipi inosarudzwa zvinoenderana neiyo welding ikozvino intensity.Kana ikozvino yakakwira zvakanyanya kune electrode kana muromo wayo, inogona kurasikirwa nesimbi kubva kumuromo, uye kushandisa maelectrodes ane dhayamita yetipi yakakura kwazvo kune ikozvino inogona kukonzera arc drift.Tinotsanangura electrode uye tip diameters nekukobvu kwemadziro kweiyo weld joint uye kushandisa 0.063 dhayamita kusvika dhiyamita ″ kusvika ″ dhiyamita kusvika ‑ 0.092 kusvika kumadziro. inoshandiswa ne 0.040 "diameter electrodes ye welding small precision Components.Nokuda kwekudzokorora kwekugadzirisa kwekugadzirisa, tungsten rudzi uye kupera, kureba, taper angle, dhayamita, tip diameter uye arc gap zvose zvinofanira kutsanangurwa uye kudzorwa.Nekuda kwekushandiswa kwechubhu welding, cerium tungsten inogara ichikurudzirwa nokuti rudzi urwu rune hupenyu hurefu hwebasa kupfuura mamwe marudzi uye hune unhu hwakanaka husina turc-radioactive .
Kuti uwane mamwe mashoko, tapota taura naBarbara Henon, Technical Publications Manager, Arc Machines, Inc., 10280 Glenoaks Blvd., Pacoima, CA 91331.Phone: 818-896-9556.Fax: 818-890-3724.