Mubvunzo: Munguva pfupi yapfuura takatanga kuita rimwe basa rinoda kuti zvimwe zvikamu zvigadzirwe kunyanya giredhi 304 simbi isina tsvina, iyo yakashongedzerwa pachayo uye kune simbi yakapfava.Takambosangana nedambudziko rekutsemuka pasimbi isina tsvina kune simbi isina tsvina inopinza kusvika 1.25" gobvu.Zvakanzi tine ferrite yakaderera kuverenga.Ungatsanangura sei izvi?
A: Uyu mubvunzo wakanaka. Hongu, tinogona kukubatsira kunzwisisa kuti ferrite yakaderera inorevei uye nzira yekudzivirira nayo.
Kutanga, ngationgororei tsananguro yesimbi isina tsvina (SS) uye kuti ferrite inobata sei kune akasungwa majoini.Simbi yakasviba uye alloys ine zvinopfuura 50% iron.Izvi zvinosanganisira zvose kabhoni uye simbi isina tsvina uye mamwe mapoka anotsanangurwa.Aluminium, mhangura uye titanium haina simbi, saka iyo mienzaniso yakanaka kwazvo yeasina-ferrous alloys.
Zvikamu zvikuru zvealloy iyi icarbon steel ine kanenge 90% iron uye SS ine 70 kusvika 80% iron.Kuti ionekwe seSS, inofanira kunge iine kanenge 11.5% chromium yakawedzerwa.Chromium mazinga pamusoro pechikumbaridzo ichi chinokurudzira kuumbwa kwechromium oxide films panzvimbo dzesimbi uye kudzivirira kurwisa kwakadai seoxid corsion.
SS inonyanya kugoverwa mumapoka matatu: austenite, ferrite uye martensite.Zita ravo rinobva mukamuri-temperature crystal structure inovaita.Rimwe boka rinowanzozivikanwa ndiro duplex SS, iyo inowirirana pakati peferrite uye austenite muchimiro chekristani.
Austenitic grade, the 300 series, ine 16% kusvika 30% chromium uye 8% kusvika 40% nickel, ichiita austenitic crystal structure.Kukurudzira kuumbwa kweaustenite-ferrite ratio, stabilizers se nickel, carbon, manganese uye nitrogen inowedzerwa panguva yekugadzira 4 4 4 grade 4 yekugadzira simbi. kunaka kwekudzivirira kwemarara;inonyanya kushandiswa muzvokudya, basa remakemikari, mishonga uye cryogenic applications.Kudzora kwekugadzirwa kweferrite kunopa kusimba kwekushisa kwakanyanya.
Ferritic SS i400 series giredhi ine magineti akazara, ine 11.5% kusvika 30% chromium, uye ine ferritic predominant crystal structure.Kukurudzira kuumbwa kweferrite, stabilizers zvinosanganisira chromium, silicon, molybdenum, uye niobium panguva yekugadzirwa kwesimbi.Idzi dzinoshandiswa kushandiswa kwemagetsi emagetsi mashoma marudzi ose anowanzo shandiswa anoti 405, 409, 430 uye 446.
Martensitic mamakisi, anozivikanwawo ne400 akatevedzana akadai 403, 410 uye 440, ane magineti, ane 11.5% kusvika 18% chromium, uye ane martensite sekristaro chimiro.Kusanganiswa uku kune goridhe rakadzikira, izvo zvinoita kuti dzisanyanya kudhura kugadzira.Vanopa kumwe kushora kwegora;simba guru;uye anowanzoshandiswa mumatafura, mazino uye zvekuvhiya, cookware, uye mamwe marudzi ematurusi.
Kana iwe weld SS, mhando ye substrate uye yayo-mu-sevhisi application ichasarudza yakakodzera filler simbi yekushandisa.Kana iwe ukashandisa gasi shielding process, ungangoda kutarisisa kuvharira gasi musanganiswa kudzivirira mamwe matambudziko ane chekuita newelding.
Kuti utengese 304 pachayo, iwe uchada E308 / 308L electrode. "L" inomiririra low carbon, iyo inobatsira kudzivirira intergranular corrosion.Ma electrode aya ane carbon content pazasi 0.03%;chero chinhu chiri pamusoro peizvi chinowedzera njodzi yecarbon precipitating kusvika kumiganhu yezviyo uye kubatanidza nechromium kuti iite chromium carbides, zvinobudirira kuderedza kushorwa kwesimbi yesimbi.Izvi zvinova pachena kana kuparara kunoitika munzvimbo inopisa inopisa (HAZ) yeSS welded joints.Kumwe kufunga kweL grade grade SS simba rekushanda kweSS kune simba rakadzika rekushanda kweSS.
Sezvo 304 iri austenitic mhando yeSS, iyo inowirirana weld simbi ichava yakawanda ye austenite.Zvisinei, electrode pachayo ichange ine ferrite stabilizer, yakadai se molybdenum, kukurudzira kuumbwa kweferrite mu weld metal.Vagadziri vanowanzonyora mazita emhando yakawanda ye ferrite yakawanda ye austenite, yakakomba yekabhoni inodzivirira iyi zvikonzero zvakasimba zvinodzivirira izvi. kubva pakuwedzera kune weld metal.
Nhamba dzeFerrite dzinotorwa kubva padhiyagiramu yeSchaeffler uye dhayagiramu yeWRC-1992, inoshandisa nickel nechromium mafomula akaenzana kuverenga kukosha, iyo kana yakarongwa pamufananidzo inoburitsa nhamba yakajairwa.zvisinei, pazvikamu zvepamusoro, nhamba yeferrite inowedzera nekukurumidza.Yeuka kuti ferrite muSS haina kufanana nekabhoni simbi ferrite, asi chikamu chinonzi delta ferrite.Austenitic SS haina kushanduka kwechikamu kunobatanidza nepamusoro-soro maitiro akadai sekurapa kwekupisa.
Kuumbwa kweferrite kunodiwa nekuti ine ductile yakawanda kupfuura austenite, asi inofanirwa kudzorwa.Low ferrite counts inogona kuburitsa welds ine yakanakisa corrosion resistance mune mamwe maapplication, asi inonyanya kukurumidza kutsemuka panguva yewelding.Nekuda kwemamiriro ekushandiswa kwese, iyo ferrite count inofanira kunge iri pakati pe5 ne10, asi kune mamwe maapplication akadzikira kana akakwira kukosha kweiyo ferrite kuderera kana kukwira. .
Sezvo wakataura kuti une nyaya dzekuputika uye nhamba yakaderera yeferrite, unofanirwa kunyatsotarisa simbi yako yekuzadza uye iva nechokwadi chokuti inobereka zvakakwana ferrite count - kumativi 8 inofanira kubatsira. Uyezve, kana uri kushandisa flux cored arc welding (FCAW), simbi idzi dzekuzadza dzinowanzoshandisa 100% carbon dioxide shielding gas kana 725% inogona kukonzera simbi musanganiswa. kuchinja kune gasi simbi arc welding (GMAW) maitiro uye kushandisa 98% argon / 2% musanganiswa weokisijeni kuderedza mukana wekutora kabhoni.
To weld SS to carbon steel unofanira kushandisa E309L filler material.Iyi simbi yekuzadza iyi inonyanya kushandiswa kugadzira simbi dzakasiyana uye inoita imwe chiyero cheferrite mushure mekunge kabhoni simbi yanyungudutswa mu weld.Sezvo imwe kabhoni yakanyura mucarbon steel, ferrite stabilizers inowedzerwa kune simbi yekuzadza kuti irwisane nemaitiro eiyo kabhoni application.
Muchidimbu, kana uchida kubvisa kutsemuka kunopisa pa austenitic SS welded joints, simbisa simbi yakakwana yeferrite filler uye uteedzere zvakanaka welding practice.Chengeta kupisa kupinza kuri pasi pe50 kJ/inch, chengetedza tembiricha iri pakati nepakati kusvika yakaderera, uye ona kuti majoini anotengeswa haana kusvibiswa kusati kwatengeswa. .
WELDER, yaichimbova Practical Welding Nhasi, inoratidza vanhu chaivo vanogadzira zvigadzirwa zvatinoshandisa uye kushanda nazvo zuva nezuva. Magazini ino yakashandira nharaunda yewelding muNorth America kwemakore anopfuura 20.
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