Mugodhi uyu uri kudzika gore rega rega - 30 m, sekureva kweindasitiri mishumo.
Sezvo kudzika kunowedzera, ndizvo zvinoitawo kudiwa kwemhepo nekutonhodza, uye Howden anoziva izvi kubva muruzivo rwekushanda nemigodhi yakadzika muSouth Africa.
Howden yakavambwa muna 1854 naJames Howden kuScotland sekambani yeinjiniya yemugungwa uye yakapinda muSouth Africa kuma1950 kuti ishumire zvinodiwa nemaindasitiri ezvicherwa nemagetsi.Pakazosvika makore ekuma1960, kambani yakabatsira kugadzirira migodhi yegoridhe yakadzika yenyika nevese mhepo yekufefetera uye yekutonhodza masisitimu aidiwa kuti vabvise mamaira akasimba pasi pevhu zvakachengeteka uye nemazvo.
“Pakutanga, mugodhi waingoshandisa kufefetedza mhepo senzira yekutonhodza, asi nekudzika kwemugodhi pakwakawedzera, kutonhodzwa nemuchina kwaidiwa kuripa kukura kwekupisa mumugodhi,” Teunes Wasserman, mukuru wechikamu cheHowden's Mine Cooling and Compressors, akaudza IM.
Migodhi yakawanda yegoridhe yakadzika muSouth Africa yakaisa maFreon™ centrifugal coolers pamusoro nepasi pevhu kuti ape kutonhora kunodiwa kuvashandi vepasi pevhu nemichina.
Zvisinei nekuvandudzika kwemamiriro ezvinhu, muchina wepasi pevhu wekupisa kupisa system wakaratidza kunetsa, sezvo kutonhora kwemuchina wacho kwaiganhurwa netembiricha uye huwandu hwemhepo yekuburitsa iripo, Wasserman akadaro.Panguva imwecheteyo, mhando yemvura yemugodhi yakakonzera kushatisa kwakanyanya kwegoko-uye-chubhu zvinopisa zvinopisa zvakashandiswa mune aya ekutanga centrifugal chiller.
Kugadzirisa dambudziko iri, migodhi yakatanga kupomba mweya unotonhora kubva pamusoro uchienda pasi.Nepo izvi zvichiwedzera kutonhora kwesimba, zvivakwa zvinodikanwa zvinotora nzvimbo musilo uye maitiro acho ane simba uye simba rakawanda.
Kugadzirisa nyaya idzi, migodhi inoda kuwedzera huwandu hwemhepo inotonhora inounzwa pasi kuburikidza nezvikamu zvemvura inotonhorera.
Izvi zvakakurudzira Howden kuunza amino screw coolers mumigodhi muSouth Africa, kutanga tandem mushure mezvinotonhorera zviri pamusoro pecentrifugal.Izvi zvakonzera shanduko muhuwandu hwezvinotonhodza zvinogona kupihwa kune iyi migodhi yegoridhe yakadzika yepasi pevhu, zvichikonzera kudzikira kweavhareji yetembiricha yemvura pamusoro kubva pa6-8°C kusvika pa1°C.Mugodhi uyu unogona kushandisa zvivakwa zvepombi yemugodhi mumwechete, mazhinji acho akatoiswa, asi achiwedzera zvakanyanya kuwanda kwekutonhodza kunounzwa kune dzakadzama.
Anenge makore makumi maviri mushure mekuiswa kweWRV 510, Howden, mutambi wemusika anotungamira mumunda, akagadzira WRV 510, hombe block screw compressor ine 510 mm rotor.Yaive imwe yemakurisa screw compressors pamusika panguva iyoyo uye yaienderana nekuchiller module saizi yaidiwa kutonhodza iyo yakadzika migodhi yekuSouth Africa.
“Izvi zvinochinja nekuti migodhi inokwanisa kuisa chiller chimwe chete che10-12 MW pachinzvimbo chemvura inotonhorera,” akadaro Wasserman."Pakati penguva imwe chete, ammonia sefiriji yakasvibira yakanyatsokodzera musanganiswa wescrew compressors uye ndiro yekupisa kupisa."
Mafungiro eammonia akagadziridzwa mune zvakatemwa uye chengetedzo mwero yeammonia yeindasitiri yemigodhi, Howden ichiita basa rakakosha mukugadzira maitiro.Iwo akagadziridzwa uye akaiswa mumutemo weSouth Africa.
Kubudirira uku kunoratidzwa nekuiswa kweamoniya inodarika 350 MW yefiriji yeammonia neindasitiri yezvicherwa yekuSouth Africa, iyo inoonekwa seyakakura pasi rose.
Asi kuvandudzwa kweHowden muSouth Africa hakuna kugumira ipapo: muna 1985 kambani yakawedzera muchina wechando wepamusoro kune huwandu hwayo huri kukura hwemigodhi inotonhorera.
Sezvo sarudzo dzekutonhodza pamusoro nepasi pevhu dzichikwidziridzwa kana kunzi dzinodhura zvakanyanya, zvimbambaira zviri kuda imwe nzira yekutonhodza pakuwedzera kuwedzera migodhi kusvika pakadzika.
Howden yakaisa chirimwa chayo chekutanga kugadzira aizi (muenzaniso pazasi) muna 1985 paEPM (East Rand Proprietary Mine) kumabvazuva kweJohannesburg, ine yekupedzisira kutonhora kunosvika makumi mana MW uye ice inokwana 4320 t/h.
Hwaro hwekushanda kuumbwa kweaizi pamusoro uye kuitakura nemugodhi kuenda kudhamu rechando repasi pevhu, uko mvura kubva mudhamu rechando inozotenderedzwa munzvimbo dzekutonhodza dzepasi pevhu kana kushandiswa semvura yekuchera matsime.Mazaya echando akanyunguduka anobva adhonzwa achidzokera kumusoro.
Chakanyanya bhenefiti yeiyi icemaker system kuderedzwa kwemitengo yekupomba, iyo inoderedza mutengo wekushandisa une chekuita nepamusoro pemvura inotonhorera masisitimu ne75-80%.Inouya kune yakasikwa "simba rinotonhorera rakachengetwa muchikamu chekuchinja kwemvura," Wasserman akadaro, achitsanangura kuti 1kg / s yechando ine simba rekutonhora rakafanana ne 4.5-5kg / s yemvura yakaoma.
Nekuda kwe "high positioning performance", dhamu repasi pevhu rinogona kuchengetedzwa pa 2-5 ° C kuti rivandudze mashandiro ekupisa kwechiteshi chekutonhodza mhepo yepasi pevhu, zvakare kuwedzera simba rekutonhodza.
Imwe mukana wekukosha kweiyo ice power plant muSouth Africa, nyika inozivikanwa nekusagadzikana kwayo gidhi remagetsi, kugona kwehurongwa kushandiswa senzira yekuchengetedza kupisa, uko aizi inogadzirwa uye inounganidzwa mumadhamu echando epasi pevhu uye panguva dzepamusoro..
Kubatsirika kwekupedzisira kwaita kuti pave nechirongwa chekudyidzana chinotsigirwa neEskom apo Howden iri kuferefeta mashandisirwo emagetsi ekugadzira aizi kuderedza kudiwa kwemagetsi akawanda, nenyaya dzekuyedza kuMponeng neMoab Hotsong, migodhi yakadzika pasi pevhu pasi rose.
"Takaomesa dhamu husiku (mushure memaawa) uye takashandisa mvura nechando chakanyungudutsa senzvimbo yekutonhodza pamugodhi panguva dzepamusoro," Wasserman akatsanangura."Masese ekutonhodza zvikamu anodzimwa panguva dzepamusoro, izvo zvinoderedza mutoro pagridi."
Izvi zvakakonzera kugadzirwa kwemuchina weaizi yeturnkey paMponeng, uko Howden akapedzisa basa rinosanganisira zvechivanhu, zvemagetsi uye zvemuchina we12 MW, 120 t/h ice muchina.
Zvichangobva kuwedzerwa kuhurongwa hwekutonhodza hwaMponeng hunosanganisira aizi yakapfava, mvura inotonhorera pamusoro, pamusoro pemhepo inotonhorera (BACs) uye inotonhorera pasi pevhu.kuvapo mumvura yemugodhi yehuwandu hwakakwirira hwemunyu wakanyungudika uye chlorides panguva yebasa.
Kuwanda kweruzivo rweSouth Africa uye kutarisa kugadzirisa, kwete zvigadzirwa chete, kuri kuramba kuchichinja mafiriji pasi rose, anodaro.
Sezvakataurwa naWasserman, sezvo migodhi yakawanda ichienda yakadzama uye yakawanda nzvimbo mumigodhi, zviri nyore kuona mhinduro dzakaita seizvi dzinowanikwa kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzepasi.
Meinhardt akati: “Howden yanga ichitengesa tekinoroji yayo yekutonhodza mugodhi kuSouth Africa kwemakumi emakore.Semuenzaniso, takapa migodhi yekutonhodza migodhi yepasi pevhu yegoridhe muNevada kumashure kuma1990s.
"Tekinoroji inonakidza inoshandiswa mune mimwe migodhi yekuSouth Africa ndeyekuchengetera aizi inopisa kuitira kutamisa mutoro - simba rinopisa rinochengetwa mumadhamu makuru echando.Ice inogadzirwa munguva dzepamusoro uye inoshandiswa panguva dzepamusoro-soro, "akadaro.“Sechinyakare, mafiriji akagadzirirwa tembiricha yepamusoro inogona kusvika maawa matatu pazuva mumwedzi yezhizha.Nekudaro, kana uchikwanisa kuchengetedza simba rekutonhodza, unogona kudzikisira huwandu ihwohwo. "
"Kana uine chirongwa chine mwero wepamusoro uye uchida kukwidziridza kusvika kumitengo yakachipa panguva yekusakwira-pamusoro, mhinduro dzekugadzira ice idzi dzinogona kuita bhizinesi rakasimba," akadaro."Mari yekutanga yechirimwa inogona kudzikamisa mitengo yekushandisa."
Panguva imwe cheteyo, BAC, iyo yakashandiswa mumigodhi yeSouth Africa kwemakumi emakore, iri kuwedzera kukosha pasi rose.
Kuenzaniswa neyakajairwa BAC dhizaini, chizvarwa chazvino cheBACs chine hunyanzvi hwekudziya kwepamusoro kupfuura vakatangira, kudzika kwekushisa kwemhepo yemugodhi uye diki tsoka.Ivo zvakare vanosanganisa inotonhorera-pa-inoda (CoD) module muHowden Ventsim CONTROL papuratifomu, iyo inogadzirisa otomatiki tembiricha yemhepo yecollar kuti ienderane nezvinodiwa pasi pepasi.
Mugore rapfuura, Howden yakaendesa matatu echizvarwa chitsva maBAC kune vatengi muBrazil neBurkina Faso.
Iyo kambani inokwanisawo kugadzira zvigadziriso zvakagadziriswa zvemamiriro ekushanda akaoma;muenzaniso wenguva pfupi yapfuura ndeye 'yakasarudzika' kuiswa kweBAC ammonia inotonhorera yeOZ Minerals pamugodhi weCarrapateena muSouth Australia.
"Howden akaisa macondensers akaoma neHowden ammonia compressors uye akavhara loop yakaoma air coolers muAustralia pasina mvura iripo," Wasserman akadaro nezvekugadzwa.“Tichifunga kuti uku kugadzikwa 'kwakaoma' uye kwete kuvhurika kwepfapfaidzo inotonhorera yakaiswa mumasisitimu emvura, macoolers aya akagadzirwa kuti ashande zvakanyanya."
Iyo kambani parizvino iri kuyedza mhinduro yekukwira kumusoro kwe8 MW onshore BAC chirimwa (inoratidzwa pazasi) yakagadzirwa uye yakavakwa pamugodhi weYaramoko Fortuna Silver (yaimbova Roxgold) muBurkina Faso.
Iyo sisitimu, inodzorwa neHowden chirimwa muJohannesburg, inobvumira kambani kupa zano pamusoro pezvinogoneka kuvandudza uye kugadzirisa kuitira kuti chirimwa chirambe chichishanda pazvakaringana.BAC unit paCaraiba mining complex muEro Copper, Brazil yakagadzirirwawo kushandisa chinhu ichi.
Iyo Yese Mine Ventilation Solutions (TMVS) chikuva inoenderera mberi nekuvaka hukama hwakasimba-hwakawedzerwa uye kambani ichavhura maviri eVentilation On Demand (VoD) zvidzidzo zvinogoneka munyika muna 2021.
Pamuganhu weZimbabwe, kambani iyi iri kuita chirongwa chichaita kuti pave nevhidhiyo-pa-kudiwa magonhi emigodhi yepasi pevhu, ichibvumira kuti avhurwe panguva dzakasiyana-siyana uye kupa huwandu hwemhepo inotonhorera zvichienderana nezvinodiwa chaizvo nemotokari.
Uku kuvandudza tekinoroji, uchishandisa zviripo zviripo zvemigodhi uye kubva-pasherufu data masosi, ichave chikamu chakakosha cheHowden's ramangwana zvigadzirwa.
Chiitiko cheHowden muSouth Africa: Dzidza kugadzira zvigadziriso zvekutonhodza kuti zvigadzirise kusanaka kwemvura pamigodhi yayo yakadzika yegoridhe, magadzirisiro ekugadzirisa zvine simba zvakanyanya sezvinobvira kudzivirira matambudziko egidhi, uye maitiro ekuzadzisa zvimwe zvinoomesesa zvemhando yemhepo zvinodiwa.tembiricha uye zvinodiwa zvehutano hwepabasa pasi rose Regulation - icharamba ichibhadhara migodhi pasi rese.
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