AISI 410 tuubooyinka kaaboolka ee birta ah
Kala duwanaanshaha wax soo saarka:
tube gariiradda ahama
gariiradda birta ahama
tuubooyinka gariiradda birta ah oo aan lahayn
Dhuumaha gariiradda birta ah ee aan lahayn
alaab-qeybiyeyaasha tuubada gariiradda birta ah
soosaarayaasha tuubada gariiradda birta ah
gariiradda birta ahama
Kaabiyaha birta ah ee birta ah, Tuubo yar oo birta ah ayaa si weyn loogu isticmaalaa daawaynta, fiber-optic, qalin samaynta, alaabta alxanka elektarooniga ah, fiilooyinka iftiinka, cuntada, canabka, caanaha, cabitaanka, farmashiyaha iyo biochemistry, dhererka kala duwan ayaa la bixin karaa iyadoo la raacayo codsiyada
Tuubooyinka xididada leh ee ugu badnaan 0.0158 in., oo laga heli karo noocyo kala duwan oo bir ah.Tuubooyinka capillary Sandvik waxaa lagu gartaa dulqaad adag, iyo dusha gudaha ee tuubooyinka waa ka nadiifsan yihiin saliidda, dufanka iyo qaybaha kale.Tani waxay hubinaysaa, tusaale ahaan, qulqulka dareeraha iyo gaasaska la hagaajiyay iyo xitaa qulqulka dareeraha ilaa qalabka wax lagu cabbiro.
Tuubooyinka aan birta lahayn ee duuban waxaa lagu heli karaa noocyo kala duwan oo noocyo kala duwan oo alaabooyin ah iyadoo ku xiran shuruudaha macaamiisha.Licancheng sihe walxo birta aan lahayn waxay soo saartaa alaab alxan leh iyo alaab tuubo ah.Darajooyinka caadiga ah waa 304 304L 316L(UNS S31603) Duplex 2205 (UNS S32205 & S31803) Super Duplex 2507 (UNS S32750) Incoloy 825 (UNS N08825) Inconel 625 (2plex steel) superduplex iyo aluminium nikkel ayaa diyaar ah haddii la codsado.
Dhexroorka 3mm (0.118 '') ilaa 25.4mm (1.00") OD.Dhumucdiisuna waxay ka bilaabataa 0.5mm (0.020 '') ilaa 3mm (0.118'') Tuubooyinka waxaa lagu bixin karaa meesha la tirtiray ama qabow ee la shaqeeyay xaalad birta koontaroolaysa xaalad tuubada.
Tilmaamid
Summada | Liaocheng Sihe Steel-ka Aan lahayn |
Dhumucda | 0.1-2.0mm |
Dhexroorka | 0.3-20mm (dulqaad: ± 0.01mm) |
Fasalka aan lahayn | 201,202,304,304L,316L,317L,321,310s,254mso,904L,2205,625 iwm. |
Dhamaystir dusha sare | gudaha iyo dibaddaba labaduba waa xinjirro dhalaalaysa, nadiifin, oo aan kala go 'lahayn, wax daloolana ma jiraan. |
Heerka | ASTM A269-2002.JIS G4305/ GB/T 12770-2002GB/T12771-2002 |
Dhererka | 200-1500m halkii gariiradda, ama Sida macmiilka looga baahan yahay |
Cabbirka kaydka | 6*1mm,8*0.5mm,8*0.6mm,8*0.8mm,8*0.9mm,8*1mm, 9.5*1mm,10*1mm,ect.. |
Shahaado | ISO&BV |
Habka xirxiran | Bacaha tolmada leh, bacaha balaastikada ah iwm. |
Kala duwanaanshaha codsiga | si weyn loogu isticmaalo warshadaha cuntada, qalabka cabitaanka, mashiinka biirka, kulaylka, caanaha / nidaamka bixinta biyaha, qalabka caafimaadka tamarta qoraxda, qalabka caafimaadka, duulista, hawada, isgaarsiinta, saliidda iyo warshadaha kale |
Ogow | OEM / ODM / Summada iibsada waa la aqbalay. |
Xajmiga tuubada gariiradda birta ah ee aan birta lahayn | ||||||||||||||||
ITEM | Darajo | Cabbirka | Cadaadis | Dhererka | ||||||||||||
1 | 316L, 304L, 304 daawaha 625 825 2205 2507 | 1/8"×0.025" | 3200 | 500-35000 | ||||||||||||
2 | 316L, 304L, 304 daawaha 625 825 2205 2507 | 1/8"×0.035" | 3200 | 500-35000 | ||||||||||||
3 | 316L, 304L, 304 daawaha 625 825 2205 2507 | 1/4"×0.035" | 2000 | 500-35000 | ||||||||||||
4 | 316L, 304L, 304 daawaha 625 825 2205 2507 | 1/4"×0.049" | 2000 | 500-35000 | ||||||||||||
5 | 316L, 304L, 304 daawaha 625 825 2205 2507 | 3/8"×0.035" | 1500 | 500-35000 | ||||||||||||
6 | 316L, 304L, 304 daawaha 625 825 2205 2507 | 3/8"×0.049" | 1500 | 500-35000 | ||||||||||||
7 | 316L, 304L, 304 daawaha 625 825 2205 2507 | 1/2"×0.049" | 1000 | 500-35000 | ||||||||||||
8 | 316L, 304L, 304 daawaha 625 825 2205 2507 | 1/2"×0.065" | 1000 | 500-35000 | ||||||||||||
9 | 316L, 304L, 304 daawaha 625 825 2205 2507 | φ3mm × 0.7mm | 3200 | 500-35000 | ||||||||||||
10 | 316L, 304L, 304 daawaha 625 825 2205 2507 | φ3mm × 0.9mm | 3200 | 500-35000 | ||||||||||||
11 | 316L, 304L, 304 daawaha 625 825 2205 2507 | φ4mm × 0.9mm | 3000 | 500-35000 | ||||||||||||
12 | 316L, 304L, 304 daawaha 625 825 2205 2507 | φ4mm × 1.1mm | 3000 | 500-35000 | ||||||||||||
13 | 316L, 304L, 304 daawaha 625 825 2205 2507 | φ6mm×0.9mm | 2000 | 500-35000 | ||||||||||||
14 | 316L, 304L, 304 daawaha 625 825 2205 2507 | φ6mm×1.1mm | 2000 | 500-35000 | ||||||||||||
15 | 316L, 304L, 304 daawaha 625 825 2205 2507 | φ8mm×1mm | 1800 | 500-35000 | ||||||||||||
16 | 316L, 304L, 304 daawaha 625 825 2205 2507 | φ8mm × 1.2mm | 1800 | 500-35000 | ||||||||||||
17 | 316L, 304L, 304 daawaha 625 825 2205 2507 | φ10mm×1mm | 1500 | 500-35000 | ||||||||||||
18 | 316L, 304L, 304 daawaha 625 825 2205 2507 | φ10mm × 1.2mm | 1500 | 500-35000 | ||||||||||||
19 | 316L, 304L, 304 daawaha 625 825 2205 2507 | φ10mm × 2mm | 500 | 500-35000 | ||||||||||||
20 | 316L, 304L, 304 daawaha 625 825 2205 2507 | φ12mm × 1.5mm | 500 | 500-35000 | ||||||||||||
Miisaska cadaadiska | ||||||||||||||||
Xulashada walxaha ku habboon ee kantaroolka la bixiyay ama khadka duritaanka kiimikada waxay ku xiran tahay xaaladaha hawlgalka iyo goobta.Si loo kaalmeeyo doorashada, jaantusyada soo socdaa waxay bixiyaan qiimaynta cadaadiska gudaha iyo arrimaha hagaajinta ee darajooyin kala duwan oo caadi ah iyo cabbirada tuubooyinka aan xidhnayn iyo laysarka alxanka leh. | ||||||||||||||||
Cadaadiska ugu badan (P) ee TP 316L at 100°F (38°C)1) | ||||||||||||||||
Fadlan tixraac qodobbada hagaajinta darajada iyo alaabta ee hoose. | ||||||||||||||||
Dhexroor ka baxsan, gudaha | Dhumucda gidaarka, gudaha | Cadaadiska shaqada2) | Cadaadiska dilaaca2) | Cadaadiska dumi4) | ||||||||||||
psi (MPa) | psi (MPa) | psi (MPa) | ||||||||||||||
1/4 | 0.035 | 6,600 (46) | 22,470 (155) | 6,600 (46) | ||||||||||||
1/4 | 0.049 | 9,260 (64) | 27,400 (189) | 8,710 (60) | ||||||||||||
1/4 | 0.065 | 12,280 (85) | 34,640 (239) | 10,750 (74) | ||||||||||||
3/8 | 0.035 | 4,410 (30) | 19,160 (132) | 4,610 (32) | ||||||||||||
3/8 | 0.049 | 6,170 (43) | 21,750 (150) | 6,220 (43) | ||||||||||||
3/8 | 0.065 | 8,190 (56) | 25,260 (174) | 7,900 (54) | ||||||||||||
3/8 | 0.083 | 10,450 (72) | 30,050 (207) | 9,570 (66) | ||||||||||||
1/2 | 0.049 | 4,630 (32) | 19,460 (134) | 4,820 (33) | ||||||||||||
1/2 | 0.065 | 6,140 (42) | 21,700 (150) | 6,200 (43) | ||||||||||||
1/2 | 0.083 | 7,840 (54) | 24,600 (170) | 7,620 (53) | ||||||||||||
5/8 | 0.049 | 3,700 (26) | 18,230 (126) | 3,930 (27) | ||||||||||||
5/8 | 0.065 | 4,900 (34) | 19,860 (137) | 5,090 (35) | ||||||||||||
5/8 | 0.083 | 6,270 (43) | 26,910 (151) | 6,310 (44) | ||||||||||||
3/4 | 0.049 | 3,080 (21) | 17,470 (120) | 3,320 (23) | ||||||||||||
3/4 | 0.065 | 4,090 (28) | 18,740 (129) | 4,310 (30) | ||||||||||||
3/4 | 0.083 | 5,220 (36) | 20,310 (140) | 5,380 (37) | ||||||||||||
1) Qiyaasta kaliya.Cadaadiska dhabta ah waa in la xisaabiyaa iyada oo la tixgelinayo dhammaan arrimaha walaaca ee nidaamka. | ||||||||||||||||
2) Iyada oo ku saleysan xisaabinta API 5C3, iyadoo la adeegsanayo dulqaadka derbiga +/- 10% | ||||||||||||||||
3) Iyada oo ku saleysan xisaabinta dillaaca xoogga ugu dambeeya ee API 5C3 | ||||||||||||||||
4) Iyada oo ku saleysan xisaabinta burburka xoogga wax-soo-saarka ee API 5C3 | ||||||||||||||||
Qodobbada hagaajinta ee xaddidaadda cadaadiska shaqada1) | ||||||||||||||||
Pw = tixraaca qiimaynta cadaadiska shaqada ee TP 316L at 100°F (38°C).Si loo go'aamiyo cadaadiska shaqada ee isku darka darajada/heerkulka, ku dhufo Pw qodobka hagaajinta. | ||||||||||||||||
Darajo | 100°F | 200°F | 300°F | 400°F | ||||||||||||
(38°C) | (93°C) | (149°C) | (204°C) | |||||||||||||
TP 316L, aan toos ahayn | 1 | 0.87 | 0.7 | 0.63 | ||||||||||||
TP 316L, alxanka | 0.85 | 0.74 | 0.6 | 0.54 | ||||||||||||
Alloy 825, aan toos ahayn | 1.33 | 1.17 | 1.1 | 1.03 | ||||||||||||
Alloy 825, welded | 1.13 | 1.99 | 1.94 | 0.88 | ||||||||||||
1) Qodobbada hagaajinta ee ku salaysan cadaadiska la oggol yahay ee ASME. | ||||||||||||||||
Qodobbada hagaajinta ee xaddidaadda cadaadiska dillaaca1) | ||||||||||||||||
Pb = cadaadiska dillaaca tixraaca ee TP 316L at 100°F.Si loo go'aamiyo cadaadiska dilaaca ee isku darka darajada/heerkulka, ku dhufo Pb qodobka hagaajinta. | ||||||||||||||||
Darajo | 100°F | 200°F | 300°F | 400°F | ||||||||||||
(38°C) | (93°C) | (149°C) | (204°C) | |||||||||||||
TP 316L, aan toos ahayn | 1 | 0.93 | 0.87 | 0.8 | ||||||||||||
TP 316L, alxanka | 0.85 | 0.79 | 0.74 | 0.68 | ||||||||||||
Alloy 825, aan toos ahayn | 1.13 | 1.07 | 1 | 0.87 | ||||||||||||
Alloy 825, welded | 0.96 | 0.91 | 0.85 | 0.74 | ||||||||||||
1) Qodobbada hagaajinta ee ku salaysan xoogga ugu dambeeya ee ASME. |
▼Tuubooyinka birta duuban/tuubyada duuban darajada agabka:
USA | GERMANY | GERMANY | FRANCE | JAPAN | TALYAANIGA | SWEDEN | UK | EU | SPAIN | ruushka |
AISI | DIN 17006 | WN 17007 | AFNOR | JIS | UNI | SIS | BSI | EURONORM | ||
201 | SUUS 201 | |||||||||
301 | X 12 CrNi 17 7 | 1.4310 | Z 12 CN 17-07 | SUS 301 | X 12 CrNi 1707 | 23 31 | 301S21 | X 12 CrNi 17 7 | X 12 CrNi 17-07 | |
302 | X 5 CrNi 18 7 | 1.4319 | Z 10 CN 18-09 | SUS 302 | X 10 CrNi 1809 | 23 31 | 302S25 | X 10 CrNi 18 9 | X 10 CrNi 18-09 | 12KH18N9 |
303 | X 10 CrNiS 18 9 | 1.4305 | Z 10 CNF 18-09 | SUS 303 | X 10 CrNiS 1809 | 23 46 | 303S21 | X 10 CrNiS 18 9 | X 10 CrNiS 18-09 | |
303 Se | Z 10 CNF 18-09 | SUS 303 Se | X 10 CrNiS 1809 | 303S41 | X 10 CrNiS 18-09 | 12KH18N10E | ||||
304 | X 5 CrNi 18 10 X 5 CrNi 18 12 | 1.4301 1.4303 | Z 6 CN 18-09 | SUS 304 | X 5 CrNi 1810 | 23 32 | 304S15 304S16 | X 6 CrNi 18 10 | X 6 CrNi 19-10 | 08KH18N10 06KH18N11 |
304 N | SUS 304N1 | X 5 CrNiN 1810 | ||||||||
304 H | SUS F 304H | X 8 CrNi 1910kii | X 6 CrNi 19-10 | |||||||
304 L | X 2 CrNi 18 11 | 1.4306 | Z 2 CN 18-10 | SUS 304L | X 2 CrNi 1911 | 23 52 | 304S11 | X 3 CrNi 18 10 | X 2 CrNi 19-10 | 03KH18N11 |
X 2 CrNiN 18 10 | 1.4311 | Z 2 CN 18-10-As | SUS 304LN | X 2 CrNiN 1811 | 23 71 | |||||
305 | Z 8 CN 18-12 | SUS 305 | X 8 CrNi 1812 | 23 33 | 305S19 | X 8 CrNi 18 12 | X 8 CrNi 18-12 | |||
Z 6 CNU 18-10 | SUS XM7 | X 6 CrNiCu 18 10 4 Kd | ||||||||
309 | X 15 CrNiS 20 12 | 1.4828 | Z 15 CN 24-13 | SUH 309 | X 16 CrNi 2314 | 309S24 | X 15 CrNi 23 13 | |||
309 S | SUS 309S | X 6 CrNi 2314 | X 6 CrNi 22 13 | |||||||
310 | X 12 CrNi 25 21 | 1.4845 | SUH 310 | X 22 CrNi 2520 | 310S24 | 20KH23N18 | ||||
310 S | X 12 CrNi 25 20 | 1.4842 | Z 12 CN 25-20 | SUS 310S | X 5 CrNi 2520 | 23 61 | X 6 CrNi 25 20 | 10KH23N18 | ||
314 | X 15 CrNiSi 25 20 | 1.4841 | Z 12 CNS 25-20 | X 16 CrNiSi 2520 | X 15 CrNiSi 25 20 | 20KH25N20S2 | ||||
316 | X 5 CrNiMo 17 12 2 | 1.4401 | Z 6 CND 17-11 | SUUS 316 | X 5 CrNiMo 1712 | 23 47 | 316S31 | X 6 CrNiMo 17 12 2 | X 6 CrNiMo 17-12-03 | |
316 | X 5 CrNiMo 17 13 3 | 1.4436 | Z 6 CND 17-12 | SUUS 316 | X 5 CrNiMo 1713 | 23 43 | 316S33 | X 6 CrNiMo 17 13 3 | X 6 CrNiMo 17-12-03 | |
316 F | X 12 CrNiMoS 18 11 | 1.4427 | ||||||||
316 N | SUS 316N | |||||||||
316 H | SUUS F 316H | X 8 CrNiMo 1712 | X 5 CrNiMo 17-12 | |||||||
316 H | X 8 CrNiMo 1713 | X 6 CrNiMo 17-12-03 | ||||||||
316 L | X 2 CrNiMo 17 13 2 | 1.4404 | Z 2 CND 17-12 | SUS 316L | X 2 CrNiMo 1712 | 23 48 | 316S11 | X 3 CrNiMo 17 12 2 | X 2 CrNiMo 17-12-03 | 03KH17N14M2 |
X 2 CrNiMoN 17 12 2 | 1.4406 | Z 2 CND 17-12-Az | SUS 316LN | X 2 CrNiMoN 1712 | ||||||
316 L | X 2 CrNiMo 18 14 3 | 1.4435 | Z 2 CND 17-13 | X 2 CrNiMo 1713 | 23 53 | 316S13 | X 3 CrNiMo 17 13 3 | X 2 CrNiMo 17-12-03 | 03KH16N15M3 | |
X 2 CrNiMoN 17 13 3 | 1.4429 | Z 2 CND 17-13-Az | X 2 CrNiMoN 1713 | 23 75 | ||||||
X 6 CrNiMoTi 17 12 2 | 1.4571 | Z6 CNDT 17-12 | X 6 CrNiMoTi 1712 | 23 50 | 320S31 | X 6 CrNiMoTi 17 12 2 | X 6 CrNiMoTi 17-12-03 | 08KH17N13M2T 10KH17N13M2T | ||
X 10 CrNiMoTi 18 12 | 1.4573 | X 6 CrNiMoTi 1713 | 320S33 | X 6 CrNiMoTI 17 13 3 | X 6 CrNiMoTi 17-12-03 | 08KH17N13M2T 10KH17N13M2T | ||||
X 6 CrNiMoNb 17 12 2 | 1.4580 | Z 6 CNDNb 17-12 | X 6 CrNiMoNb 1712 | X 6 CrNiMoNb 17 12 2 | 08KH16N13M2B | |||||
X 10 CrNiMoNb 18 12 | 1.4583 | X 6 CrNiMoNb 1713 | X 6 CrNiMoNb 17 13 3 | 09KH16N15M3B | ||||||
317 | SUUS 317 | X 5 CrNiMo 1815 | 23 66 | 317S16 | ||||||
317 L | X 2 CrNiMo 18 16 4 | 1.4438 | Z 2 CND 19-15 | SUS 317L | X 2 CrNiMo 1815 | 23 67 | 317S12 | X 3 CrNiMo 18 16 4 | ||
317 L | X 2 CrNiMo 18 16 4 | 1.4438 | Z 2 CND 19-15 | SUS 317L | X 2 CrNiMo 1816 | 23 67 | 317S12 | X 3 CrNiMo 18 16 4 | ||
330 | X 12 NiCrSi 36 16 | 1.4864 | Z 12NCS 35-16 | SUH 330 | ||||||
321 | X 6 CrNiTi 18 10 X 12 CrNiTi 18 9 | 1.4541 1.4878 | Z 6 CNT 18-10 | SUUS 321 | X 6 CrNiTi 1811 | 23 37 | 321S31 | X 6 CrNiTi 18 10 | X 6 CrNiTi 18-11 | 08KH18N10T |
321 H | SUS 321H | X 8 CrNiTi 1811 | 321S20 | X 7 CrNiTi 18-11 | 12KH18N10T | |||||
329 | X 8 CrNiMo 27 5 | 1.4460 | SUS 329J1 | 23 24 | ||||||
347 | X 6 CrNiNb 18 10 | 1.4550 | Z 6 CNNb 18-10 | SUUS 347 | X 6 CrNiNb 1811 | 23 38 | 347S31 | X 6 CrNiNb 18 10 | X 6 CrNiNb 18-11 | 08KH18N12B |
347 H | SUUS F 347H | X 8 CrNiNb 1811 | X 7 CrNiNb 18-11 | |||||||
904L | 1.4939 | Z 12 CNDV 12-02 | ||||||||
X 20 CrNiSi 25 4 | 1.4821 | |||||||||
UNS31803 | X 2CrNiMoN 22 5 | 1.4462 | ||||||||
UNS32760 | X 3 CrNiMoN 25 7 | 1.4501 | Z 3 CND 25-06Az | |||||||
403 | X 6 Cr 13 X 10 Cr 13 X 15 Cr 13 | 1.4000 1.4006 1.4024 | Z 12C 13 | SUS 403 | X 12 Cr 13 | 23 02 | 403S17 | X 10 Cr 13 X 12 Cr 13 | X 6 Cr 13 | 12Kh13 |
405 | X 6 CrAl 13 | 1.4002 | Z 6 CA 13 | SUS 405 | X 6 CrAl 13 | 405S17 | X 6 CrAl 13 | X 6 CrAl 13 | ||
X 10 CrAl 7 | 1.4713 | Z 8 CA 7 | X 10 CrAl 7 | |||||||
X 10 CrAl 13 | 1.4724 | X 10 CrAl 12 | 10Kh13Syu | |||||||
X 10 CrAl 18 | 1.4742 | X 10 CrSiAl 18 | 15Kh18Syu | |||||||
409 | X 6 CrTi 12 | 1.4512 | Z 6 CT 12 | SUH 409 | X 6 CrTi 12 | 409S19 | X 5 CrTi 12 | |||
X 2 CrTi 12 | ||||||||||
410 | X 6 Cr 13 X 10 Cr 13 X 15 Cr 13 | 1.4000 1.4006 1.4024 | Z 10C 13 Z 12C 13 | SUS 410 | X 12 Cr 13 | 23 02 | 410S21 | X 12 Cr 13 | X 12 Cr 13 | 12Kh13 |
410 S | X 6 Cr 13 | 1.4000 | Z 6C 13 | SUS 410S | X 6 Cr 13 | 23 01 | 403S17 | X 6 Cr 13 | 08Kh13 | |
414 |
Warshada
Faa'iidada tayada:
Tayada alaabtayada ee xariiqda xakamaynta ee qaybta saliidda iyo gaaska ayaa la hubiyaa maaha oo kaliya inta lagu jiro habka wax soo saarka ee la xakameeyey laakiin sidoo kale habka tijaabada alaabta la dhammeeyey.Tijaabooyinka caadiga ah waxaa ka mid ah:
1.Tijaabooyin aan burburin
2. Tijaabooyinka Hydrostatic
3. Xakamaynta dusha sare
4. Qiyaasta saxnaanta cabbirka
5. Tijaabada dabka
6. Baarista makaanikada iyo kiimikada
Codsiga tuubada caillary
1) Warshadaha qalabka caafimaadka
2) Xakamaynta heerkulka warshadaha ee heerkulka hagayo, dareemayaasha loo isticmaalo tuubada, heerkulbeegga tuubada
3) Tuubbada udub-dhexaadka ah ee warshadaha daryeelka qalimaan
4) anteeno-tubo-yar, noocyo kala duwan oo anteeno bir ah oo yar oo sax ah
5) Iyada oo leh noocyo kala duwan oo elektiroonig ah oo dhexdhexaad ah oo yar yar oo ka samaysan birta aan lahayn
6) Feer irbad dahab ah
7) Saacado, sawir
8) Tuubbada anteenada baabuurka, anteenooyinka bar ee isticmaalaya tubooyinka, tuubada anteenada
9) Qalabka wax lagu xardho ee Laser-ka si loo isticmaalo tuubada birta ah
10) Qalabka kalluumeysiga, agabka, Yugan oo la baxay lahaanshaha
11) Cunto leh daboolka birta aan lahayn
12) dhamaan noocyada kala duwan ee talefanka gacanta ee stylus-ka kumbuyuutarka
13) Wershadaha kululaynta tuubooyinka, warshadaha shidaalka
14) Printers, irbad sanduuq aamusan
15) Soo jiid tuubo bir ah oo labajibbaaran oo dhalaalaysa oo lagu isticmaalo daaqadaha
16) Noocyada kala duwan ee dhexroorka yar yar ee warshadaha Saxnaanta tuubooyinka birta aan lahayn
17) Bixinta saxda ah ee cirbadaha birta ah
18) Makarafoon, sameecado iyo makarafoon si ay u isticmaalaan tuubada birta ah ee aan la taaban karin, iyo wixii la mid ah