ASTM A312 321H birta aan birta lahayn
ASTM A312 321Hdhuumaha beddelka
tube gariiradda ahama
gariiradda birta ahama
tuubooyinka gariiradda birta ah oo aan lahayn
Dhuumaha gariiradda birta ah ee aan lahayn
alaab-qeybiyeyaasha tuubada gariiradda birta ah
soosaarayaasha tuubada gariiradda birta ah
gariiradda birta ahama
Tuubbada kulaylka ee kala duwan oo kala duwan oo ah biraha austenitic ahama, biraha duplex ahama, nikkel alloys, titanium iyo zirconium, ku haboon dhammaan noocyada kala duwan ee kulaylka, sida qaboojiyaha biyaha badda, kondensers, uumiga, kululeeyayaasha iyo reheaters.
Tuubooyinka kuleyliyaha waxaa loo isticmaalaa dhammaan noocyada warshadaha nidaamka.Shuruudaha sifada ayaa ah: alxanka tusbaxa, dhererka go'an iyo tijaabin ballaaran.
Ballanqaadkayaga ku aaddan gaarsiinta waqtiga iyo bixinta agab tayo sare leh ayaa awood noo siisay inaan dhisno xiriir waara oo lala yeesho shirkadaha injineernimada iyo isticmaaleyaasha dhammaadka adduunka oo dhan.
Mid kasta oo ka mid ah tuubada U-laabashada ee kala duwanaantayada waxaa si adag u eegaya tayada tayada leh ee kooxdayada xirfadlayaasha ah ee heer kasta oo wax soo saarka si ay u keenaan macaamiisha cilladaysan alaab tayo leh oo bilaash ah.
Tilmaamid
Darajo:Caadi ahaan ASTM A213 S304/304L,316/316L,317L,321/321H, 410,Duplex 2205 (UNS S31803)
Heerka:ASTM A312 ASTM A269 213
Habka: Habka Qabow la sawiray/ Qabow la Duubiyay
Dhamaystir dusha sare:La tirtiray/ la sifeeyay
Xidhmada: Shandad tolsan oo gabal kasta ah, ka dibna lagu soo guray kiisas alwaax ah oo badeed mudan
Waqtiga dirida: 20-60 maalmood ka dib markii la helo deebaajiga (caadiyan iyadoo loo eegayo tirada dalabka)
Shayga Qiimaha:FOB, CIF ama gorgortan ahaan
Lacag bixinta:T/T (30% ka hor, 70% liddi ku ah nuqulka BL) ama gorgortan ahaan
Shuruudaha Tayada:Shahaadada Tijaabada Milliteriga waxaa la keeni doonaa shixnad, Kormeerka Qaybta Saddexaad waa la aqbali karaa
Ilaalinta dusha sare:Haddii aan si kale loo sheegin sida ay u kala horreeyaan tuubooyinka loo keeno dusha sare ee gudaha iyo dibadda si ku meel gaar ah loogu ilaaliyo filim saliidda macdanta fudud ah.
Tuubooyinka ayaa dhammaada:Tuubooyinka waxaa la keenay si cad, gooyn afar gees ah, haddii la codsadona tuubooyinka waa laga saari karaa.
11 .Waxaan isticmaalnaa tignoolajiyada Cold Drawn si aan u soo saarno tuubada U qaloocisa
2018-03-21Tuubooyinka laabta ayaa soo saara si waafaqsan sawirada macaamiisha
3 .Si looga fogaado oksaydheynta, gaaska aan shaqayn (Argon) waxa la dhex maraa aqoonsiga tuubooyinka heerka socodka loo baahan yahay
4 .Radius-ka waxaa lagu hubiyaa OD iyo khafiifinta gidaarka iyadoo la raacayo qeexitaanka lagu taliyey
5 .Waxaan dooran doonaa seddex boos oo kala duwan ama sida macaamiisha looga baahan yahay si loo hubiyo tayada tuubooyinka.Waxaan sameyn doonaa sifooyin jireed iyo baaritaan qaab-dhismeed-yar
6 .Kormeerka muuqaalka ah ee miyir-beelka iyo dildilaaca waxaa lagu sameeyaa Tijaabada Dheefta Penetrant
7 .Tuubo kasta ayaa markaa lagu tijaabiyaa biyo iyadoo cadaadis lagu taliyey si loo hubiyo inay daadsan tahay
Halabuurka Kiimikadaloogu talagalay birta wax-is-beddelka ah ee alaabta ceeriin ah
| ASTM/UNS | C (max) | Si (max) | Mn (max) | P (max) | S (max) | Cr | Ni | Mo | Ti |
| TP304/S30400 | 0.080 | 1.00 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 18.0-20.0 | 8.0-10.5 | ||
| TP304L/S30403 | 0.035 | 1.00 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 18.0-20.0 | 8.0-13.0 | ||
| TP304H/S30409 | 0.04-0.10 | 1.00 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 18.0-20.0 | 8.0-11.0 | ||
| TP316/S31600 | 0.080 | 1.00 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 16.0-18.0 | 11.0-14.0 | 2.0-3.0 | |
| TP316L/S31603 | 0.035 | 1.00 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 16.0-18.0 | 10.0-14.0 | 2.0-3.0 | |
| TP316Ti/S31635 | 0.080 | 1.00 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 16.0-18.0 | 10.0-14.0 | 2.0-3.0 | 0.7>5x (C+N) |
| TP321/S32100 | 0.080 | 1.00 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 17.0-19.0 | 9.0-12.0 | 0.7>5x (C+N) | |
| TP317L/S31703 | 0.035 | 1.00 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 18.0-20.0 | 11.0-15.0 | 3.0-4.0 | |
| TP347H/S34709 | 0.04-0.10 | 1.00 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 17.0-19.0 | 9.0-13.0 | ||
| TP309S/S30908 | 0.080 | 1.00 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 22.0-24.0 | 12.0-15.0 | 0.75 | |
| TP310S/S31008 | 0.080 | 1.00 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 24.0-26.0 | 19.0-22.0 | 0.75 |
Codsiga:
a) Batroolka , shirkad kiimikaad , kululeeyaha super iyo kulaylka
b) Dhuumaha dareeraha gudbinta heerkul sare oo u adkaysta oo ku yaal xarunta korontada
c) Doonta tuubada cadaadiska
d) Qalabka sifaynta daalka
e) Dhismaha iyo qurxinta
f) warshadaha qoraxda , militariga , semiconductor iwm
▼Tuubooyinka birta duuban/tuubyada duuban darajada agabka:
| USA | GERMANY | GERMANY | FRANCE | JAPAN | TALYAANIGA | SWEDEN | UK | EU | SPAIN | ruushka |
| AISI | DIN 17006 | WN 17007 | AFNOR | JIS | UNI | SIS | BSI | EURONORM | ||
| 201 | SUUS 201 | |||||||||
| 301 | X 12 CrNi 17 7 | 1.4310 | Z 12 CN 17-07 | SUS 301 | X 12 CrNi 1707 | 23 31 | 301S21 | X 12 CrNi 17 7 | X 12 CrNi 17-07 | |
| 302 | X 5 CrNi 18 7 | 1.4319 | Z 10 CN 18-09 | SUS 302 | X 10 CrNi 1809 | 23 31 | 302S25 | X 10 CrNi 18 9 | X 10 CrNi 18-09 | 12KH18N9 |
| 303 | X 10 CrNiS 18 9 | 1.4305 | Z 10 CNF 18-09 | SUS 303 | X 10 CrNiS 1809 | 23 46 | 303S21 | X 10 CrNiS 18 9 | X 10 CrNiS 18-09 | |
| 303 Se | Z 10 CNF 18-09 | SUS 303 Se | X 10 CrNiS 1809 | 303S41 | X 10 CrNiS 18-09 | 12KH18N10E | ||||
| 304 | X 5 CrNi 18 10 X 5 CrNi 18 12 | 1.4301 1.4303 | Z 6 CN 18-09 | SUS 304 | X 5 CrNi 1810 | 23 32 | 304S15 304S16 | X 6 CrNi 18 10 | X 6 CrNi 19-10 | 08KH18N10 06KH18N11 |
| 304 N | SUS 304N1 | X 5 CrNiN 1810 | ||||||||
| 304 H | SUS F 304H | X 8 CrNi 1910kii | X 6 CrNi 19-10 | |||||||
| 304 L | X 2 CrNi 18 11 | 1.4306 | Z 2 CN 18-10 | SUS 304L | X 2 CrNi 1911 | 23 52 | 304S11 | X 3 CrNi 18 10 | X 2 CrNi 19-10 | 03KH18N11 |
| X 2 CrNiN 18 10 | 1.4311 | Z 2 CN 18-10-As | SUS 304LN | X 2 CrNiN 1811 | 23 71 | |||||
| 305 | Z 8 CN 18-12 | SUS 305 | X 8 CrNi 1812 | 23 33 | 305S19 | X 8 CrNi 18 12 | X 8 CrNi 18-12 | |||
| Z 6 CNU 18-10 | SUS XM7 | X 6 CrNiCu 18 10 4 Kd | ||||||||
| 309 | X 15 CrNiS 20 12 | 1.4828 | Z 15 CN 24-13 | SUH 309 | X 16 CrNi 2314 | 309S24 | X 15 CrNi 23 13 | |||
| 309 S | SUS 309S | X 6 CrNi 2314 | X 6 CrNi 22 13 | |||||||
| 310 | X 12 CrNi 25 21 | 1.4845 | SUH 310 | X 22 CrNi 2520 | 310S24 | 20KH23N18 | ||||
| 310 S | X 12 CrNi 25 20 | 1.4842 | Z 12 CN 25-20 | SUS 310S | X 5 CrNi 2520 | 23 61 | X 6 CrNi 25 20 | 10KH23N18 | ||
| 314 | X 15 CrNiSi 25 20 | 1.4841 | Z 12 CNS 25-20 | X 16 CrNiSi 2520 | X 15 CrNiSi 25 20 | 20KH25N20S2 | ||||
| 316 | X 5 CrNiMo 17 12 2 | 1.4401 | Z 6 CND 17-11 | SUUS 316 | X 5 CrNiMo 1712 | 23 47 | 316S31 | X 6 CrNiMo 17 12 2 | X 6 CrNiMo 17-12-03 | |
| 316 | X 5 CrNiMo 17 13 3 | 1.4436 | Z 6 CND 17-12 | SUUS 316 | X 5 CrNiMo 1713 | 23 43 | 316S33 | X 6 CrNiMo 17 13 3 | X 6 CrNiMo 17-12-03 | |
| 316 F | X 12 CrNiMoS 18 11 | 1.4427 | ||||||||
| 316 N | SUS 316N | |||||||||
| 316 H | SUUS F 316H | X 8 CrNiMo 1712 | X 5 CrNiMo 17-12 | |||||||
| 316 H | X 8 CrNiMo 1713 | X 6 CrNiMo 17-12-03 | ||||||||
| 316 L | X 2 CrNiMo 17 13 2 | 1.4404 | Z 2 CND 17-12 | SUS 316L | X 2 CrNiMo 1712 | 23 48 | 316S11 | X 3 CrNiMo 17 12 2 | X 2 CrNiMo 17-12-03 | 03KH17N14M2 |
| X 2 CrNiMoN 17 12 2 | 1.4406 | Z 2 CND 17-12-Az | SUS 316LN | X 2 CrNiMoN 1712 | ||||||
| 316 L | X 2 CrNiMo 18 14 3 | 1.4435 | Z 2 CND 17-13 | X 2 CrNiMo 1713 | 23 53 | 316S13 | X 3 CrNiMo 17 13 3 | X 2 CrNiMo 17-12-03 | 03KH16N15M3 | |
| X 2 CrNiMoN 17 13 3 | 1.4429 | Z 2 CND 17-13-Az | X 2 CrNiMoN 1713 | 23 75 | ||||||
| X 6 CrNiMoTi 17 12 2 | 1.4571 | Z6 CNDT 17-12 | X 6 CrNiMoTi 1712 | 23 50 | 320S31 | X 6 CrNiMoTi 17 12 2 | X 6 CrNiMoTi 17-12-03 | 08KH17N13M2T 10KH17N13M2T | ||
| X 10 CrNiMoTi 18 12 | 1.4573 | X 6 CrNiMoTi 1713 | 320S33 | X 6 CrNiMoTI 17 13 3 | X 6 CrNiMoTi 17-12-03 | 08KH17N13M2T 10KH17N13M2T | ||||
| X 6 CrNiMoNb 17 12 2 | 1.4580 | Z 6 CNDNb 17-12 | X 6 CrNiMoNb 1712 | X 6 CrNiMoNb 17 12 2 | 08KH16N13M2B | |||||
| X 10 CrNiMoNb 18 12 | 1.4583 | X 6 CrNiMoNb 1713 | X 6 CrNiMoNb 17 13 3 | 09KH16N15M3B | ||||||
| 317 | SUUS 317 | X 5 CrNiMo 1815 | 23 66 | 317S16 | ||||||
| 317 L | X 2 CrNiMo 18 16 4 | 1.4438 | Z 2 CND 19-15 | SUS 317L | X 2 CrNiMo 1815 | 23 67 | 317S12 | X 3 CrNiMo 18 16 4 | ||
| 317 L | X 2 CrNiMo 18 16 4 | 1.4438 | Z 2 CND 19-15 | SUS 317L | X 2 CrNiMo 1816 | 23 67 | 317S12 | X 3 CrNiMo 18 16 4 | ||
| 330 | X 12 NiCrSi 36 16 | 1.4864 | Z 12NCS 35-16 | SUH 330 | ||||||
| 321 | X 6 CrNiTi 18 10 X 12 CrNiTi 18 9 | 1.4541 1.4878 | Z 6 CNT 18-10 | SUUS 321 | X 6 CrNiTi 1811 | 23 37 | 321S31 | X 6 CrNiTi 18 10 | X 6 CrNiTi 18-11 | 08KH18N10T |
| 321 H | SUS 321H | X 8 CrNiTi 1811 | 321S20 | X 7 CrNiTi 18-11 | 12KH18N10T | |||||
| 329 | X 8 CrNiMo 27 5 | 1.4460 | SUS 329J1 | 23 24 | ||||||
| 347 | X 6 CrNiNb 18 10 | 1.4550 | Z 6 CNNb 18-10 | SUUS 347 | X 6 CrNiNb 1811 | 23 38 | 347S31 | X 6 CrNiNb 18 10 | X 6 CrNiNb 18-11 | 08KH18N12B |
| 347 H | SUUS F 347H | X 8 CrNiNb 1811 | X 7 CrNiNb 18-11 | |||||||
| 904L | 1.4939 | Z 12 CNDV 12-02 | ||||||||
| X 20 CrNiSi 25 4 | 1.4821 | |||||||||
| UNS31803 | X 2CrNiMoN 22 5 | 1.4462 | ||||||||
| UNS32760 | X 3 CrNiMoN 25 7 | 1.4501 | Z 3 CND 25-06Az | |||||||
| 403 | X 6 Cr 13 X 10 Cr 13 X 15 Cr 13 | 1.4000 1.4006 1.4024 | Z 12C 13 | SUS 403 | X 12 Cr 13 | 23 02 | 403S17 | X 10 Cr 13 X 12 Cr 13 | X 6 Cr 13 | 12Kh13 |
| 405 | X 6 CrAl 13 | 1.4002 | Z 6 CA 13 | SUS 405 | X 6 CrAl 13 | 405S17 | X 6 CrAl 13 | X 6 CrAl 13 | ||
| X 10 CrAl 7 | 1.4713 | Z 8 CA 7 | X 10 CrAl 7 | |||||||
| X 10 CrAl 13 | 1.4724 | X 10 CrAl 12 | 10Kh13Syu | |||||||
| X 10 CrAl 18 | 1.4742 | X 10 CrSiAl 18 | 15Kh18Syu | |||||||
| 409 | X 6 CrTi 12 | 1.4512 | Z 6 CT 12 | SUH 409 | X 6 CrTi 12 | 409S19 | X 5 CrTi 12 | |||
| X 2 CrTi 12 | ||||||||||
| 410 | X 6 Cr 13 X 10 Cr 13 X 15 Cr 13 | 1.4000 1.4006 1.4024 | Z 10C 13 Z 12C 13 | SUS 410 | X 12 Cr 13 | 23 02 | 410S21 | X 12 Cr 13 | X 12 Cr 13 | 12Kh13 |
| 410 S | X 6 Cr 13 | 1.4000 | Z 6C 13 | SUS 410S | X 6 Cr 13 | 23 01 | 403S17 | X 6 Cr 13 | 08Kh13 |
Warshada
Faa'iidada tayada:
Tayada alaabtayada ee xariiqda xakamaynta ee qaybta saliidda iyo gaaska ayaa la hubiyaa maaha oo kaliya inta lagu jiro habka wax soo saarka ee la xakameeyey laakiin sidoo kale habka tijaabada alaabta la dhammeeyey.Tijaabooyinka caadiga ah waxaa ka mid ah:
1.Tijaabooyin aan burburin
2. Tijaabooyinka Hydrostatic
3. Xakamaynta dusha sare
4. Qiyaasta saxnaanta cabbirka
5. Tijaabada dabka
6. Baarista makaanikada iyo kiimikada
Codsiga tuubada caillary
1) Warshadaha qalabka caafimaadka
2) Xakamaynta heerkulka warshadaha ee heerkulka hagayo, dareemayaasha loo isticmaalo tuubada, heerkulbeegga tuubada
3) Tuubbada udub-dhexaadka ah ee warshadaha daryeelka qalimaan
4) anteeno-tubo-yar, noocyo kala duwan oo anteeno bir ah oo yar oo sax ah
5) Iyada oo leh noocyo kala duwan oo elektiroonig ah oo dhexdhexaad ah oo yar yar oo ka samaysan birta aan lahayn
6) Feer irbad dahab ah
7) Saacado, sawir
8) Tuubbada anteenada baabuurka, anteenooyinka bar ee isticmaalaya tubooyinka, tuubada anteenada
9) Qalabka wax lagu xardho ee Laser-ka si loo isticmaalo tuubada birta ah
10) Qalabka kalluumeysiga, agabka, Yugan oo la baxay lahaanshaha
11) Cunto leh daboolka birta aan lahayn
12) dhamaan noocyada kala duwan ee talefanka gacanta ee stylus-ka kumbuyuutarka
13) Wershadaha kululaynta tuubooyinka, warshadaha shidaalka
14) Printers, irbad sanduuq aamusan
15) Soo jiid tuubo bir ah oo labajibbaaran oo dhalaalaysa oo lagu isticmaalo daaqadaha
16) Noocyada kala duwan ee dhexroorka yar yar ee warshadaha Saxnaanta tuubooyinka birta aan lahayn
17) Bixinta saxda ah ee cirbadaha birta ah
18) Makarafoon, sameecado iyo makarafoon si ay u isticmaalaan tuubada birta ah ee aan la taaban karin, iyo wixii la mid ah
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