Warshada iibinta kulul ee Qabow duuban iyo Kulul duuban 316l gariiradda birta ah ee hooseeya
Waxay u hoggaansamaan mabda'a "Daacad ah, hawlkar ah, ganacsi leh, hal-abuur leh" si loo helo xalal cusub si joogto ah.Waxay u tixgalinaysaa dukaamaysiga, guushu sida guusheeda lafteeda.Aan u dhisno barwaaqo mustaqbalka gacmaha is haysta ee Warshada samaysay iibka kulul Cold Rolled AndKulul duuban 316l gariiradda birta ah ee birta ahHoose316l gariiradda birta ah ee aan lahayn, Shirkaddayada oo leh tayo wanaagsan bilawga halku-dhiggeena, waxaan soo saareynaa badeecooyin gebi ahaanba lagu sameeyay Japan, laga soo bilaabo soo iibinta agabka ilaa farsamaynta.Tani waxay awood u siinaysaa in loo isticmaalo xasilooni maskaxeed oo kalsooni leh.
Waxay u hoggaansamaan mabda'a "Daacad ah, hawlkar ah, ganacsi leh, hal-abuur leh" si loo helo xalal cusub si joogto ah.Waxay u tixgalinaysaa dukaamaysiga, guushu sida guusheeda lafteeda.Aynu dhisno mustaqbal barwaaqo gacmaha is haysta316l gariiradda birta ah ee aan lahayn, Kulul duuban 316l gariiradda birta ah ee birta ah, hooseeya 316lWaxaan sidoo kale awood u leenahay isdhexgalka si aan u bixino adeegeena ugu fiican, waxaanan qorsheyneynaa inaan dhisno bakhaarka wadamada kala duwan ee aduunka, taasi waxay u badan tahay inay si fudud ugu adeegi karto macaamiisheena.
Guryaha Guud
Alloy 304L a T-300 taxane ahama austenitic, kaas oo leh ugu yaraan 18% chromium iyo 8% nikkel.Nooca 304L wuxuu leeyahay ugu badnaan kaarboon waa 0.030.Waa halbeega “18/8 aan-lahayn” kaas oo inta badan laga helo digsiyada iyo qalabka wax lagu kariyo.Alloys 304L waa daawaha ugu badan uguna badan ee loo isticmaalo qoyska birta ah.Ku habboon noocyo kala duwan oo codsiyo guri iyo ganacsi ah, Alloys 304L waxay soo bandhigaysaa iska caabbinta daxalka oo aad u wanaagsan waxayna leedahay fududayn sare oo wax-soo-saarka, qaabayn heersare ah.Biraha birta austenitic-ka ah ayaa sidoo kale loo arkaa inay yihiin kuwa ugu alxanka badan ee birta alwaax-sare ah waxaana lagu alxan karaa dhammaan hababka alxanka iyo iska caabinta.
Tilmaamaha: UNS S30403
Codsiyada:
Alloy 304L Stainless Steel waxaa loo isticmaalaa noocyo kala duwan oo guryaha iyo codsiyada ganacsiga, oo ay ku jiraan:
Qalabka cuntada lagu farsameeyo, gaar ahaan qamriga beerista, habaynta caanaha, iyo samaynta khamriga
Kursiga jikada, saxanka, saxarada, qalabka, iyo qalabka
Dhisidda iyo qaabaynta
Isticmaalka qaabdhismeedka baabuurta iyo hawada hawada
Qalabka dhismaha ee dhismayaasha waaweyn
Weelasha kiimikada, oo ay ku jiraan gaadiidka
Kuleylleyda
Nuts, boolal, boolal, iyo qalabyada kale ee deegaanka badda
Warshadaha midabaynta
Shaashado tolsan ama alxan leh oo loogu talagalay macdanta, kaxaynta & sifaynta biyaha
Heerarka:
ASTM/ASME: S30403
EURONORM: 1.4303
AFNOR: Z2 CN 18.10
DIN: X2 CrNi 19 11
Iska caabinta daxalka:
Iska caabbinta daxalka ee deegaanka oxidizing waa natiijada 18 ilaa 19% chromium ay ku jiraan 304 alloys.
Iska caabbinta asiidhyada dabiiciga ah ee dhexdhexaadka ah waa natiijada 9 ilaa 11% nikkel ee ay ku jiraan 304 alloys.
Mararka qaarkood, daawaha 304L ayaa laga yaabaa inuu muujiyo heerka daxalka ka hooseeya kan kaarboon Alloy 304;Haddii kale, 304, 304L, iyo 304H waxaa laga yaabaa in loo tixgeliyo inay si isku mid ah u qabtaan inta badan bay'adaha daxalka.
Alloy 304L ayaa la door bidaa in loogu isticmaalo deegaan ku filan daxalka si uu u keeno daxalka intergranular ee alxanka iyo aagagga kulaylku saameeyay ee Alloys nugul.
Iska caabinta kulaylka:
Iska caabbinta oksaydheynta wanaagsan ee adeega kala go'a ilaa 1600°F iyo adeega joogtada ah ilaa 1690°F.
Isticmaalka joogtada ah ee 304 ee cabbirka 800-1580F laguma talinayo haddii caabbinta daxalka aqueous ee xiga ay muhiim tahay.
Fasalka 304L aad ayuu ugu adkaysanayaa roobka karbidhida waxaana lagu kululayn karaa heerkulka sare.
Guryaha 304 Alloy
Astaamaha alxanka:
Guryaha alxanka ee heer sare ah;Annealing post-weld looma baahna marka la alxanayo qaybo khafiif ah.Laba arrimood oo muhiim ah oo ku saabsan soo saarista kala-goysyada alxanka ee birta austenitic waa:
ilaalinta caabbinta daxalka
ka fogaanshaha dildilaaca
Habaynta - Samaynta Kulul:
Si aad u abuurto, kuleyli isku mid ah ilaa 2100/2300 °F
Ha ku dhicin wax ka hooseeya 1700 °F
Been abuurista waxa lagu qaboojin karaa hawada iyada oo aan khatar dildilaac lahayn
Habaynta - Samaynta Qabowga:
Qaab dhismeedkeeda austenitic waxa uu u ogolaanayaa in si qoto dheer loo sawiro iyada oo aan la soo saarin dhexdhexaadin dhexdhexaad ah, Taas oo ka dhigaysa tan heerka birta aan fiicnayn ee doorashada ee wax soo saarka saxanka, alaabta godan iyo digsiyada.
Darajooyinkani waxay u shaqeeyaan si adag si degdeg ah.Si loo yareeyo walbahaarka soo saaray qaab-dhismeed daran ama wareeg ah, qaybo waa in si buuxda loo jeexjeexay ama ka takhalusidda walbahaarka sida ugu dhakhsaha badan ka dib samaynta.
Mashiinka
Isticmaalka jajabiyeyaasha ayaa lagula talinayaa maadaama ay jajabku noqon karaan kuwo adag.Shaqada birta-la'aanta ah si degdeg ah ayay u adkaataa, quudin wanaagsan oo culus, qalabayn fiiqan, iyo habayn adag waa in la adeegsadaa.
Guryaha Kiimikada:
| C | Mn | Si | P | S | Cr | Ni | N |
304L | 0.03 ugu badnaan | 2.0max | 0.75max | 0.45 ugu badnaan | 0.03 ugu badnaan | daq: 18.0 max: 20.0 | daq: 8.0 max: 12.0 | 0.10 max |
Guryaha Makaanikada:
Darajo | Xoogga Jilitaanka ksi (min) | Xoogga Wax-soo-saarka 0.2% ksi (daqiiqo) | Kordhinta % | Adag (Brinell) MAX | Adag (Rockwell B) MAX |
304L | 70 | 25 | 40 | 201 | 92 |
Qalabka Jirka:
Cufnaanta | Habdhaqanka kulaylka | Koronto | Modul ee | Isku-dhafka | Kuleylka Gaarka ah | dhalaalay |
at 68°F: 0.285 | 9.4 at 212°F | 28.3 at 68°F | 28 | 9.4 at 32 - 212°F | 0.1200 at 68°F ilaa 212°F | 2500 ilaa 2590 |
| 12.4 at 932 °F | 39.4 at 752°F |
| 10.2 at 32 - 1000 ° F |
|
|
|
| 49.6 at 1652 °F |
| 10.4 at 32 - 1500 ° F |
|
|
Daaweynta dusha sare
Itme | Dhamaystirka dusha sare | Hababka dhamaystirka dusha sare | Codsiga ugu muhiimsan |
NO.1 | HR | Daawaynta kulaylka ka dib rogid kulul, qajaar, ama daaweyn | Waayo, iyada oo aan ujeeddada dhalaalka dusha sare |
NO.2D | SPM la'aanteed | Habka daawaynta kulaylka ka dib rogrogashada qabow, rullalulatuska dusha sare ee dhogorta leh ama ugu dambaynta nalka duubista eegada matte | Qalabka guud, qalabka dhismaha. |
NO.2B | Kadib SPM | Siinta No.2 qalabka processing hab ku haboon sheen iftiinka qabow | Qalabka guud, qalabka dhismaha (inta badan alaabta waa la farsameeyaa) |
BA | Iftiimin la tirtiray | Daawaynta kulaylka iftiimaya ka dib wareegista qabow, si ay u noqoto mid dhalaalaysa, saamaynta iftiinka qabow | Qaybaha baabuurta, qalabka guriga, baabuurta, qalabka caafimaadka, qalabka cuntada |
NO.3 | Hadhuudh dhalaalaysa, habaysan | NO.2D ama NO.2B alwaax wax qabad ee No. 100-120 suunka wax shiida ee xaaqaya | Qalabka dhismaha, qalabka jikada |
NO.4 | Kadib CPL | NO.2D ama NO.2B alwaax wax qabad ee No. 150-180 suunka wax shiida ee xaaqaya | Qalabka dhismaha, qalabka jikada, baabuurta, qalabka caafimaadka, qalabka cuntada |
240# | Shiidista khadadka ganaaxa | NO.2D ama NO.2B alwaaxa farsamaynta | Qalabka jikada |
320# | In ka badan 240 xariiq oo shiidis ah | NO.2D ama NO.2B alwaax farsamaynta | Qalabka jikada |
400# | U dhow dhalaalka BA | The MO.2B alwaax 400 polishing wheel habka | Qalabka dhismaha, maacuunta jikada |
HL (xadadka timaha) | Khadka polishing oo leh habayn dheer oo joogto ah | Xajmiga ku habboon (sida caadiga ah inta badan No. 150-240 grit) cajalad xoqan ilaa inta timaha, isagoo leh habka farsamaynta joogtada ah ee khadka polishing | Qalabka dhismaha ee ugu caansan |
NO.6 | NO.4 habayn ka yar milicsiga , dabar goynta | NO.4 qalabka wax lagu farsameeyo ee loo isticmaalo sifaynta cadayashada Tampico | Qalabka dhismaha, qurxinta |
NO.7 | farsamaynta muraayada milicsiga oo aad sax ah | Lambarka 600 ee buff rotary oo leh dhalaalid | Qalabka dhismaha, qurxinta |
NO.8 | Dhammaadka muraayada milicsiga ugu sarreeya | Qaybaha qafiifka ah ee walaxda sixi kara si ay u dhalaaliyaan, muraayadaha oo silcin leh | Qalabka dhismaha, qurxinta, muraayadaha |
Heerarka caalamiga ah ee birta aan birta lahayn:
HEERKA CAALAMIGA AH:
Shaxda Isbarbardhigga Qiyaasta | |||||||||||
ASTM/ASME | ISO | USA | JAPAN | INGIRIISKA | GERMANY | FRANCE | SWEDEN | TALYAANIGA | HINDIYA | CNS | |
UNS Maya | AISI | JIS | BS | SHAQADA DIN | NF | SIS | UNI | IS | |||
S20100 | A-2 | 201 | SUS201 | 1.4371 | X12CrMnNi1885 | Z12CMN17-07AZ | 201 | ||||
S20200 | A-3 | 202 | SUS202 | 284S16 | 202 | ||||||
S30100 | 14 | 301 | SUS301 | 301S21 | 1.431 | X12CrNi177 | Z11CN17-08 | 142331 | X12CrNi1707 | 10Cr17Ni7 | 301 |
S30200 | 12 | 302 | SUS302 | 302S25 | 1.43 | X12cRnI188 | Z12CN18-09 | 142332 | X10CrNiS1809 | 302 | |
S30300 | 17 | 303 | SUS303 | 303S21 | 1.4305 | X10CrNiS189 | Z8CNF18-09 | ||||
S30323 | 17a | 303Se | SUS303Se | 303S41 | Z10CNF18-09 | 142346 | X10CrNiS1809 | ||||
S30400 | 11 | 304 | SUS304 | 304S31 | 1.4301 | X5CrNi1810 | Z7CN18-09 | 142333 | X5CrNi1810 | 04Cr18Ni10 | 304 |
S30403 | 10 | 304L | SUS304L | 304S11 | 1.4306 | X2CrNi1911 | Z3CN18-10 | 142352 | X2CrNi1811 | 02Cr18Ni11 | 304L |
S30500 | 13 | 305 | SUS305 | 305S19 | 1.4303 | X5CrNi1812 | Z8CN18-12 | 305 | |||
S30900 | 309 | SUH309 | 309S24 | 1.4828 | Z12CN24-13 | X16CrNi2314 | |||||
S30908 | 309S | SUS309S | 309S16 | 309S | |||||||
S31000 | 310 | SUH310 | 310S24 | 1.4841 | Z12CN25-20 | 142361 | X6CrNi2520 | ||||
S31008 | H15 | 310S | SUS310S | 310S16 | 1.4845 | Z8CN25-10 | 142361 | X6CrNi2520 | 310S | ||
S31600 | 20 | 316 | SUS316 | 316S31 | 1.4401 | X5CrNiMo17122 | Z7CND17-11-02 | 142343 | X8CrNiMo1713 | 04Cr17Ni12Mo2 | 316 |
S31603 | 19 | 316L | SUS316L | 316S11 | 1.4404 | X2CrNiMo17132 | Z3CND17-12-02 | 142348 | X2CrNiMo1712 | 02Cr17Ni12Mo2 | 316L |
S31635 | 21 | 316Ti | SUS316Ti | 320S31 | 1.4571 | X6CrNiMoTi17122 | Z6CND17-12 | 142350 | 316Ti | ||
S31700 | 317 | SUS317 | 317S16 | 1.4436 | X5CrNiMo17133 | Z3CND19-15-04 | 142367 | 317 | |||
S32100 | 15 | 321 | SUS321 | 321S31 | 1.4541 | X6CrNiTi1810 | Z6CNT18-10 | 142337 | X6CrNiTi1811 | 04Cr18Ni10Ti20 | 321 |
S34700 | 16 | 347 | SUS347 | 347S31 | 1.455 | X6CrNiNb1810 | Z6CNNb18-10 | 142338 | X8CrNiNb1811 | 347 | |
S40300 | 403 | SUS403 | 403S17 | 1.4024 | X5Cr13 | Z12C13 | 142301 | 403 | |||
S40500 | 2 | 405 | SUS405 | 405S17 | 1.4002 | X6CrAl13 | Z8CA12 | X6CrAl13 | 405 | ||
S40900 | 1 Ti | 409 | SUH409 | 409S19 | 1.4512 | X6CrTi12 | Z8CNT12 | 409 | |||
S41000 | 3 | 410 | SUS410 | 410S21 | 1.4006 | X10Cr13 | Z13C13 | 142302 | X12Cr13 | 410 | |
S41600 | 7 | 416 | SUS416 | 416S21 | 1.4005 | X12CrS13 | Z11CF13 | X12CrS13 | |||
S42000 | 4 | 420 | SUS420J1 | 420S29 | 1.4021 | X20Cr13 | Z20C13 | 142304 | X30Cr13 | 420J1 | |
5 | SUS420J2 | 420S45 | 1.4028 | X30Cr13 | Z33C13 | 420J2 | |||||
S43000 | 8 | 430 | SUS430 | 430S17 | 1.4016 | X6Cr17 | Z8C17 | 142320 | X8Cr17 | 05Cr17 | 430 |
S43020 | 8C | 430F | SUS430F | 1.4104 | X4CrMoS18 | Z8CF17 | 142383 | X10CrS17 | |||
S43100 | 9b | 431 | SUS431 | 431S29 | 1.4057 | X20CrNi172 | Z15CN16-02 | 142321 | X16CrNi16 |