(e akaretsa litloaelo le litlhoko tse ling tsa kantle ho naha, taolo ea kantle ho naha le likotlo, litlhare tsa khoebo, WTO le khahlanong le bobolu)
United Nations World Trade Organization (WTO) World Customs Organization (WCO) Other International Affairs Amerika - Amerika Bohareng - Amerika Leboea - Amerika Leboea - Amerika Boroa Asia Pacific Europe, Middle East le North Africa Africa (ntle le North Africa) Compliance Action Trade Rules - Imports, Exports, IPRs, FCPA fact sheets, litlaleho, articles, joalo-joalo Webinars, likopano, li-seminar tsa CBPling TSABT, joalo-joalo. batla likahlolo tsa CBP: Hlakola kapa u behe lihlomathiso ho Melao ea Sehlopha sa Europe CN Lintlha tse Hlalosang.
Bakeng sa kemiso e felletseng ea li-webinars letotong lena, mabitso a libui, lintlha tsa puisano, le tlhaiso-leseling ea ho ingolisa bakeng sa e le 'ngoe kapa tse ngata tsa li-webinars tsena tsa mahala, hammoho le tlhaiso-leseling, bona karolo ea Li-Webinars, Likopano, Lithupelo.
Ho lula u tseba litaba tse amanang le khoebo ea machaba, etela blog ea rona: etela www.internationaltradecomplianceupdate.com khafetsa bakeng sa lintlha tse ncha mabapi le ho latela melao ea khoebo ea machabeng.
Bakeng sa lingoloa le litaba tse ling mabapi le likotlo tsa khoebo, taolo ea thomello le litaba tse amanang, etela http://sanctionsnews.bakermckenzie.com/ khafetsa.Bakeng sa lisebelisoa le litaba tse mabapi le khoebo ea machaba, haholo Asia, etela blog ea rona e ncha ea Trade Crossroads http://tradeblog.bakermckenzie.com/.Fumana hore na voutu ea Brexit e ka ama khoebo ea hau joang
ness, etela http://brexit.bakermckenzie.com/ Bakeng sa litaba tse ling le maikutlo a tsoang lefats'eng ka bophara, etela sebaka sa marang-rang.
Sena se ka sebetsa joalo ka "papatso ea babuelli" e hlokang tsebiso libakeng tse ling.Liphetho tse fetileng ha li fane ka tiiso ea liphetho tse tšoanang.
Hlokomela.Ntle le ha ho boletsoe ka tsela e 'ngoe, tlhahisoleseling eohle e ntjhafatsong ena e nkiloe ho tsoa mekhatlong ea machaba (UN, WTO, WCO, APEC, Interpol, joalo-joalo), EU, EFTA, Eurasian Economic Union, litaba tsa semmuso, liwebsaete tsa semmuso, likoranta tsa tlhahisoleseling kapa likhatiso tsa litaba.ho tsoa mekhatlong ea basebetsi kapa mekhatlong ea mmuso.Mehloli e khethehileng hangata e fumaneha ka ho tobetsa lihokelo tsa hypertext tse putsoa.Ka kopo hlokomela hore, ka kakaretso, tlhahisoleseding e amanang le ho tšoasa litlhapi ha e kenyelelitsoe.
Ka Mantaha oa la 5 Phuptjane 2017, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Bahrain le Egypt li ile tsa khaola likamano tsa dipuisano le Qatar mme tsa nka khato ea ho koala phihlello ea linaha tsa Gulf, ho hana moea, leoatle kapa sephethephethe sa mobu ho ea le ho tsoa Qatar, hape le ho sebelisana le linaha tse ling tsa Maarabo le Afrika li latetse mohlala.Liketsahalo tsa lipolotiki le tsa moruo li bile le phello e kholo khoebong ea machaba.
The Baker McKenzie Global International Trade Team e u memela ho webinar ea lihora tse 1 ka Laboraro, Phupu 19, 2017 ho arolelana lintlha tsa morao-rao, ho buisana ka litlamorao tsa molao le tsa khoebo tsa boits'oaro ba ho etsa khoebo le Qatar le / kapa baahi ba Qatar, le Nahana kamoo khoebo e ka netefatsang ts'ebetso ea eona hantle.
Re tšepa hore u ka ikopanya le rona.Ka kopo ingolise u sebelisa sehokelo se ka ho le letona.Lintlha tsa ho kena li tla romelloa ka imeile letsatsi pele ho ketsahalo.Khabareng, haeba u na le lipotso, ka kopo ikutloe u lokolohile ho ikopanya le [imeile e sirelelitsoeng].
Sehlopha sa rona sa khoebo ea machabeng se etelletseng pele 'marakeng se na le boiphihlelo bo pharaletseng ba ho eletsa bareki ka likoluoa ​​​​tsa lipolotiki le likotlo tse kenyeletsang Iran, Crimea, Syria le Libya lilemong tsa morao tjena.Re e 'ngoe ea lik'hamphani tse nang le sehlopha sa khoebo sa machaba se nang le phihlelo le boteng ba' mele mebarakeng e meholo ea koluoa ​​​​ea hona joale (UAE, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Egypt le Qatar).
George Sayen, Molekane, Saudi Arabia Ghada El Evani, Senior Associate, Egypt/UAE Nick Roberts, Senior Associate, Qatar Ian Siddell, Partner, Bahrain/Qatar Ziad Gadalla, Partner, Egypt
Phatlalatso ea Tumellano ea Machabeng ea Khoebo ke khatiso ea Sehlopha sa Machaba sa Khoebo le Khoebo sa Baker McKenzie.Lingoliloeng le litlhahlobo li reretsoe ho fa babali ba rona tlhahisoleseling mabapi le litaba tsa morao-rao tsa molao le litaba tsa bohlokoa kapa tse khahlang.Ha lia lokela ho nkoa kapa ho tšeptjoa e le keletso kapa keletso ea molao.Baker McKenzie o eletsa ka likarolo tsohle tsa molao oa machaba oa khoebo.
Lintlha tsa mopeleto, sebōpeho-puo le matsatsi.Ho ipapisitse le semelo sa lefats'e sa Baker McKenzie, mopeleto oa mantlha, sebōpeho-puo, le mokhoa oa ho fometa letsatsi la litaba tsa Senyesemane tseo e seng tsa US li bolokiloe ho tsoa mohloling oa mantlha, ho sa tsotellehe hore na boitsebiso bo boletsoe kapa che.Li-tag.
Liphetolelo tse ngata tsa litokomane ka lipuo tse ling ntle le Senyesemane ha li hlophisehe, lia ikemela, ebile ke tsa litaba feela.
Ntle le ha ho boletsoe ka tsela e 'ngoe, tlhahisoleseling eohle e fumanoa mekhatlong ea machaba ea semmuso kapa liwebsaeteng tsa mmuso, melaetsa ea bona kapa likhatisong tsa boralitaba.
Ntlafatso ena e na le tlhaiso-leseling ea lefapha la sechaba e fumanehang tlasa laesense ea 'Muso oa UK Open v3.0.Ntle le moo, ntlafatsa ts'ebeliso ea lisebelisoa ho latela leano la Khomishene ea Europe, e kentsoeng ts'ebetsong ke qeto ea Khomishene ea la 12 Tšitoe 2011.
Lekhotla la Ts'ireletso la UN le fetisa Qeto ea 2356 mabapi le Korea Leboea, e atolosetsa ho emisoa ha thepa le thibelo ea maeto ho batho ba bangata, 'me e eketsa ho emisa thepa ho mekhatlo e mengata.
Ka la 2 Phuptjane 2017, Lekhotla la Ts'ireletso la Machaba a Kopaneng (UNSC) le amohetse Resolution 2356 (2017) ho Korea Leboea (Korea Leboea), e nyatsa ka mantsoe a matla ka ho fetisisa mesebetsi ea ntlafatso ea missile ea nyutlelie le ea ballistic, ho kenyeletsoa letoto la lithunya tsa metsu le litlolo tse ling le ho se natse liqeto tsa Lekhotla la Ts'ireletso ho tloha ka 9 Loetse 2009 Lekhotla la Ts'ireletso le ile la etsa qeto ea Lekhotla la Ts'ireletso. 18 (2006) (thepa e emisoa) e sebetsa ho batho ba 14 le mekhatlo e 4 e thathamisitsoeng lihlomathisong I le II tsa qeto eo, hammoho le ho motho ofe kapa ofe kapa mokhatlo ofe kapa ofe oa molao.Lebitsong la kapa ka taelo ea bona le mekhatlo e nang le bona kapa e laoloang ke bona, ho kenyeletsoa ka mekhoa e seng molaong, mehato e boletsoeng serapeng sa 8(e) sa qeto 1718 (2006) (thibelo ea maeto) e sebetsa ho batho ba thathamisitsoeng ho Sehlomathiso sa I mabapi le qeto le batho ba sebetsang molemong oa bona kapa ka taelo ea bona.
Ka la 21 Phuptjane 2017, WTO e phatlalalitse hore mosebetsi oa ho phethela ho kena ha Australia ho Tumellano ea Theko ea Litheko ea Mmuso ea WTO (GPA) e matlafalitsoe mme e haufi le ho phethoa.Ts'ebetso ea ho kena tumellanong pakeng tsa Rephabliki ea Kyrgyz le Tajikistan le eona e ntse e tsoela pele ka mokhoa o tsitsitseng, joalokaha ho pakoa ke lipuisano tse sa reroang Komiting ea Theko ea Sechaba ka June 21, 2017. Seboka se ile sa qala lipuisano tsa ho kena lipakeng tsa Russia le Yugoslav Republic ea Macedonia ea mehleng.
Ka la 16 Phuptjane 2017, WTO e phatlalalitse hore, ka kopo ea United States naheng ea US Phehisano mabapi le Likoloto tsa Lekhetho la Maemo bakeng sa Lifofane tse Khōlō tsa Boipiletso (DS487), karolo ea Boipiletso e ile ea lumella litho tsa WTO hore li lumellane le tieho ea linyeoe tsa molomo le litemana tsa sechaba.boipiletsong bona.Phatlalatso ea puo e qalang e etsahetse ka Laboraro, July 5, 2017, ntlo-khōlō ea WTO e Geneva.
Ha ho nahanoa ka tlhoko ea ho sireletsa tlhahisoleseling e itseng ea bohlokoa ea khoebo, tlhahlobo ea sechaba e ne e lekanyelitsoe feela ho bula lipolelo tsa baemeli ba litho ba lumetseng ho phatlalatsa lipolelo tsa bona.
Ka la 15 Phuptjane 2017, WTO e phatlalalitse hore, ka lebaka la liphetoho ho melao ea WTO ea leqephe la tšimoloho, litho tsa WTO le sechaba joale li na le phihlello e tobileng ea melao le litloaelo tsa litho tse amanang le melao ea tlhaho.Leqephe le ntlafalitsoeng la webo le boetse le na le tlhaiso-leseling e ntlafalitsoeng mabapi le mosebetsi o ntseng o tsoela pele oa Komiti ea WTO ea Melao ea Tšimoloho.
Ka ho ata ha litumellano tsa khoebo tsa libaka, linaha tse ngata le ho feta li sebelisa melao e fapaneng ea khetho ea tšimoloho.Ho feta moo, palo e ntseng e eketseha ea litho tsa WTO e boetse e hlahisa litlhoko tsa tlhaho tse sa rateheng.Ka hona, tlhoko ea ponaletso le kutloisiso e betere ea litlhoko tsena e ntse e hola.
Ho nolofatsa le ho etsa hore phihlello ea likopo tse joalo e be bohareng, litsebiso tse amohetsoeng ke Bongoli ba WTO mabapi le melaoana e ikhethileng le e sa rateheng ea tšimoloho ea litho li se li fumaneha ka kotloloho leqepheng la webo le ntlafalitsoeng.Mabapi le melao e sa rateheng ea tšimoloho, basebelisi ba ka bona kapele hore na ke litho life tsa WTO tse sebetsang kapa ha li sebelise melao e sa rateheng ea tšimoloho ka lethathamo la litheolelo, 'me haeba e le ea pele, fumana lintlha tse qaqileng mabapi le melao e amehang.
Mabapi le melaoana e khethehileng ea tšimoloho, lintlha tse qaqileng li ka fumanoa ho WTO Preferential Trade Agreements Database le Setsing sa Boitsebiso sa Litumellano tsa Khoebo sa WTO.
Leqephe le ntlafalitsoeng la Melao ea Tšimoloho le boetse le kenyelletsa likarolo tse ncha joalo ka menyetla e khuts'oane le tlhaiso-leseling e bohareng, litokomane tsa kopano, likhokahano tsa likhohlano tse amehang, le tlhaiso-leseling ea thuso ea tekheniki.Ho feta moo, litaba li ntlafalitsoe ho bonahatsa mosebetsi o tsoelang pele oa Komiti ea WTO ea Melao ea Tšimoloho.
Ka la 7 Phuptjane 2017, WTO e phatlalalitse hore litho tsa WTO li tla etsa tlhahlobo ea selemo le selemo ea lithuso tsa lichelete tse tsoang kantle ho naha le mehato e meng ea tšehetso ea thomello kopanong ea Komiti ea Temo ka Phuptjane 7. Ba boetse ba fapanyetsana tlhahisoleseling mabapi le maano a temo a e mong.Leano la lebese la Canada le setoko sa koro sa India li har'a radar ea litho.Papatso e itse:
Tlhahlobo ea Komiti ea leano la thomello ea temo ke karolo ea ho lekola ts'ebetsong qeto ea Nairobi mabapi le lithuso tsa lithuso tsa temo kantle ho naha.Kopanong ya matona e neng e le Nairobi ka Tshitwe 2015, ditho di nkile qeto ya ho fedisa dithuso tsa dithuso tsa temo kantle ho naha, tseo ho thweng ke ditlwaelo tse sa lokang tsa kgwebo tse sothang kgwebo le ho nyenyefatsa tlhahiso ya dijo dinaheng tse robehileng, le ho tiisa mefuta e meng ya melao ya tshehetso ya diyantle.
Bokwaledi jwa WTO bo anamisitse tokomane e ntšhwa e e tlhabolotsweng, G/AG/W/125/Rev.6, e e akaretsang tshedimosetso ka dithuso tsa diromelwantle, madi a thomelontle, thuso ya dijo ya boditšhabatšhaba, le dikgwebo tsa temontle tsa State Trading Enterprises (STEs) Dintlha Tse Nne.Sehlopha sa Cairns Agricultural Exporters Group le Russia Federation li abile tokomane ea G/AG/W/164 e nang le tlhahlobo ea tlhahisoleseling mabapi le maano a ts'ehetso ea kantle ho naha.O hlokometse hore sena se ne se thehiloe tlhahlobo ea pele ea selemo ea litlaleho tsa litho tsa 2016, ha Komiti e qala ho hlahloba ts'ebetsong ea litho tsa Liqeto tsa Matona a Nairobi.
Har'a litho tse 18 (1) tse itlamileng ho fana ka lithuso tsa thepa kantle ho naha mabapi le Uruguay Round, litho tse peli, New Zealand le Panama, li felisitse lithuso tse tsoang kantle ho naha.Ho tloha ka May 22, 2017, Australia e ile ea e-ba setho sa pele sa ho romella WTO kemiso e nchafalitsoeng ea ho tlosa litokelo tsa eona tsa lithuso tsa thepa ea thepa.Litho tse ling li fane ka lintlafatso mabapi le mehato ea ka hare e nkiloeng ho itokisetsa tokiso ea kemiso ea boitlamo ba bona.EU, Israel le Norway li boletse hore li lebelletse ho tsebisa kemiso ea bona e ntlafalitsoeng ea lithuso tsa kantle ho naha mafelong a 2017.
Maloko a ne a fapanyetsana tlhahisoleseding e mabapi le melao ya tlhodisano ya diyantle, tshehetso ya ditjhelete tsa kantle ho naha, di-GTT tsa diyantle tsa temo, le thuso ya matjhaba ya dijo, hara tse ding.
Mabapi le ts'ehetso ea lichelete tsa kantle ho naha, Tokomane ea Cairns Group le Russia e hlokometse hore "ka tlase ho halofo ea merero e thathamisitsoeng e na le kholo e fetang likhoeli tse 18 tse boletsoeng qetong ea MC10," ha "litho tse 16 li tsebisitse kapa li tlalehile ka thepa ea temo GPT e koahelang mefuta e mengata ea lihlahisoa".
Molula-setulo oa Komiti, Monghali Alf Wederhus oa Norway, o ile a hlokomela hore litho li ntse li lokela ho matlafatsa boiteko ba tsona ba ho arolelana litaba.“Ke khothaletsa litho ho ntlafatsa le
Linaha tse tsoelang pele li boemong ba ho etsa sena ka ho etsa sohle se matleng a tsona ho fana ka tlhahisoleseding e nepahetseng le e nakong ka hohle kamoo ho ka khonehang, le ho e ntlafatsa moo ho khonehang ho tsebisa puisano ena e khethehileng mabapi le tlhōlisano ea thepa ea thepa e tsoang kantle ho naha,” o boletse joalo.
Litho li ile tsa fapanyetsana tlhahisoleseling mabapi le mekhoa ea bona ea maano a temo.Lipotso le likarabo tsa potso e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe li ka fumanoa ho Sistimi ea Tsamaiso ea Litaba tsa Temo.
Leano la Bohlano la Khoebo le Tlhahlobo ea Boitloaelo ea Nigeria li etsahetse ho tloha 13 ho ea ho 15 June 2017. Tlhahlobo e ne e thehiloe tlalehong e tsoang ho Bongoli ba WTO le tlaleho e tsoang ho 'Muso oa Nigeria.
Likhohlano tse latelang li fetiselitsoe ho WTO haufinyane.Tobetsa nomorong ea nyeoe (“DS”) e ka tlase ho ea leqepheng la sebaka sa marang-rang sa WTO bakeng sa lintlha tse mabapi le phehisano ena.
Mehato ea Matšeliso a US bakeng sa Lihlahisoa tse itseng tse Chesang tsa DS436 Carbon Steel Flat ho tsoa India (India ka
Ka nako e kenyelelitsoeng ke ntlafatso ena, Bolaoli ba Tharollo ea Likhohlano (DSB) kapa ba amehang khang ba nkile kapa ba tlaleha liketso tse latelang.Likopo tsa sehlopha ha lia thathamisoa (tobetsa "DS" nomoro ho bona kakaretso ea nyeoe, tobetsa "Liketsahalo" ho bona litaba tsa morao-rao kapa litokomane):
United States – Mehato e Amang Khoebo ka Lifofane tse Khōlō tsa Sechaba – Tletlebo ea Bobeli (Moqosi: Sechaba sa Europe)
Tlas'a Tumellano ea Litšitiso tsa Theknoloji ho Khoebo (TBT Agreement), litho tsa WTO li tlameha ho tlalehela WTO melaoana eohle e sisintsoeng ea setegeniki e ka amang khoebo le litho tse ling.Mongoli oa WTO o fetisetsa boitsebiso bona ho linaha tsohle tseo e leng litho ka mokhoa oa "litsebiso".Bakeng sa kakaretso ea lethathamo la litsebiso tse fanoeng ke WTO khoeling e fetileng, sheba karolo e arohaneng ea litsebiso tsa WTO ka TBT.
Ka la 14 Phuptjane 2017, Mokhatlo oa Lefatše oa Foromo o phatlalalitse hore liqeto tse nkiloeng ke Harmonized System Committee (HSC) ea Mokhatlo oa Lefatše oa Foromo sebokeng sa 59th (15-24 March 2017) li se li fumaneha ho websaeteng ea WCO e phatlalalitsoeng.
Tsena li kenyeletsa, har'a tse ling, Maikutlo a macha a 27 le lihlopha tse 30 tsa lintlha tse ntlafalitsoeng tsa HS, hammoho le Melao e 28 ea Lihlopha tse kenyeletsang oli ea Arachidonic Acid (ARA), har'a tse ling motsoako oa litholoana tsa pepere e khubelu le e tala (Capsicum frutescens) ka har'a chisi (feta le e foreshe) le ho qoelisoa ka har'a oli ea lero le garlic;lisebelisoa tsa ho hlahloba kapele bakeng sa Zika le mafu a mang a bakoang ke menoang ea Aedes;phekolo ea masapo a grafts;tse nkang sebaka;li-photoresists, ke hore, litharollo tsa li-resin tsa polasetiki tsa photosensitive tse entsoeng ka lithographic tsa thepa ea semiconductor;li-easels tsa desktop;masela a laminated textile;lisebelisoa tsa tšepe tsa elektronike ho sireletsa lintho tsa bohlokoa;metjhini e hlatswang ya boholo ba palema e tsamaiswang ke diinjenere tse nyane tsa motlakase tse sebediswang ho tlosa matheba diaparong;likarolo tse arotsoeng tsa baesekele;hlooho ea 'nete ea sebele e etselitsoeng ho hokahanya le ho sebetsa le mefuta e itseng ea liselefouno, le liropo tsa ho tlōla.
WCO e tšehetsa FTA ho Tsoelo-pele ea Palestine WCO e tšehetsa Tsamaiso ea Meetlo ea Egepeta (ECA) ho ntshetsa pele moralo oa leano E Eketsa Annexes IB ho III B le Sehlomathiso ho WCO Preferential Rules of Origin Technical Update Mexico le Israel Sign Joint Action Plan bakeng sa Lenaneo la WCO AEO E Tšehetsa Ka Katleho Mekhoa ea Jordane Matla a Lits'oants'o tsa Lits'oants'o tsa Jordane Matla a Boitsebiso ba Nako ea ho Lokolla Boithuto ba ITC1 WCO Trends Burkina Faso Customs Capacity Diagnostic for CITES Implementation WCO with support from Ethiopia Revenue and Customs Administration (ERCA) e phethela tlhahlobo ea puso Ukraine e ile ea tšoara seminar ea naha ka Harmonized System le karolo ea lilaboratori tsa meetlo.WCO e tšehelitse ntlafatso ea EAC.Leano le lecha la lilemo tse hlano la taolo ea likotsi.WCO e tshehetsa ho kopanngwa ha tsamaiso ya maemo a tshireletso le ho kenngwa tshebetsong ha lenaneo la AEO.Tšebelisano-pele ea Fiji WCO e re seboko sa tlhokomelo ea tebeletso ea WCO WCFIC
Zagreb 6-9 Phuptjane WCO National Workshop on Post Clearance Audit in Minsk, Belarus Azerbaijan Hosts National Workshop on WCO Customs Lab Modernization e Kopana le Moemeli oa ASEAN Brussels WCO Tšehetso ea Litloaelo tsa Guinea e Thusa Tšebelisano e Tsoelang Pele lipakeng tsa Linaha tse peli Mekhatlo ea Meeli ea Ts'ebetsong ea Molao WCO ITC 2017 setsebi sa matla a ho thusa Pakistan ka maikutlo a WCO ITC 2017 C system le WCO data model WCO Revenue Programme Workshop National e tsepamisitse maikutlo ho Apia, Samoa Benchmarking Study on Preferential Rules of Origin HS 2017 WCO Knowledge Update Academy E Bula Beke EnaWCO Litaba Tsa morao-rao Tse Fumanehang WCO e Tšehetsa Lekhotla la Naha la Nigeria bakeng sa Tsamaiso ea Khoebo (NCTF) WCO e tšehetsa mokhoa oa CameroonW ho kenya ts'ebetsong ts'ebetsong ea ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi ea tikoloho ea CameroonW Letsatsi la Machaba la ts'ehetso ea sephethephethe sa lithethefatsi Hape. 2017 WCO King e tšehetsa Ethiopia ho matlafatsa bokhoni ba eona ba post clearance audit (PCA).
Tumellano ea Khoebo ea Machabeng ea Mefuta e Kotsing ea Liphoofolo le Limela tse Hlaha (CITES) e tsebisitse Mekha ka tse latelang:
2017/042 Process National Ivory Action Plan (NIAP) Komiti e Emeng Qeto ea 2017/043 Totoaba macdonaldi 2017/044 Ngoliso e potlakileng ea mefuta ea liphoofolo tse hapuoeng ea Annex I ka sepheo sa khoebo2017/047 Madagascar e etsa tlhahiso ea ho emisa khoebo ea lisampole tsa mefuta ea Dalbergia.le persimmon.Ho tsoa Madagascar 2017/048 Ngoliso ea ts'ebetso ea ho ikatisa ha mefuta ea liphoofolo tsa Annex I molemong oa khoebo 2017/049 IPBES: Tlhahlobo ea Kantle ea Tlhahlobo ea Lefatše ea Litšebeletso tsa Mefuta-futa ea Liphoofolo le Litšebeletso tsa Ecosystem.
Nakong ea khaso, litokomane tse latelang (ntle le litekanyetso tsa polokeho ea lijo) tse khahlang bahoebi ba machabeng li phatlalalitsoe ho Gaceta Oficial Digital (Official Gazette Digital):