Liphaephe li ka aroloa ka liphaephe tsa tšepe le liphaephe tse sa tšepe. s, hammoho le lipeipi tsa koporo, ke liphaephe tse se nang tšepe.Liphaephe tsa polasetiki, liphaephe tsa konkreite, lipeipi tse kentsoeng ka polasetiki, lipeipi tse kentsoeng ka khalase, lipeipi tse kentsoeng ka konkreite le lipeipi tse ling tse khethehileng tse ka sebelisetsoang merero e khethehileng li bitsoa lipeipi tse se nang tšepe.lipeipi tsa tšepe tsa carbon li sebelisoa haholo.Melao ea ASTM le ASME e laola mefuta e fapaneng ea liphaephe le lisebelisoa tsa liphaephe tse sebelisoang indastering ea tšebetso.
Carbon steel ke tšepe e sebelisoang ka ho fetisisa indastering, e etsang karolo ea 90% ea kakaretso ea tlhahiso ea tšepe.
Ka litšepe tse kopantsoeng, likarolo tse fapaneng tsa likarolo tsa motsoako li sebelisetsoa ho finyella thepa e lakatsehang (e ntlafetseng) e kang weldability, ductility, machinability, matla, hardability le corrosion resistance, joalo-joalo.
Tšepe e sa hloekang ke tšepe ea motsoako e nang le chromium ea 10.5% (bonyane). Tšepe e sa tsitsang e bontša khanyetso e sa tloaelehang ea kutu ka lebaka la ho thehoa ha lesela le tšesaane haholo la Cr2O3 holim'a metsi. Lera lena le boetse le tsejoa e le lesela la passive. karolo e lakatsehang (kapa e ntlafalitsoeng) thepa.Stainless steel also na le mefuta e fapaneng ea carbon, silicon le manganese.Stainless steel is further classified as:
Ntle le limaraka tse kaholimo, limaraka tse ling tse tsoetseng pele (kapa limaraka tse ikhethileng) tse sebelisoang indastering ke tsena:
Lisebelisoa tsa tšepe li na le k'habone e phahameng (0.5% ho isa ho 1.5%).Likahare tsa carbon tse phahameng li fana ka boima bo phahameng le matla.Tšepe ena e sebelisoa haholo-holo ho etsa lisebelisoa le hlobo.Litšepe tsa lisebelisoa li na le mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea tungsten, cobalt, molybdenum, le vanadium ho eketsa mocheso oa tšepe le ho senyeha ha tšepe hammoho le nako e telele.
Liphaephe tsena li sebelisoa haholo indastering ea tšebetso.Makhetho a ASME le ASME bakeng sa liphaephe a shebahala a fapane, empa lintlha tsa thepa lia tšoana.Mohlala:
Sebopeho sa thepa le thepa ho likhoutu tsa ASME le ASTM li ts'oana ntle le lebitso.Matla a tensile a ASTM A 106 Gr A ke 330 Mpa, ASTM A 106 Gr B ke 415 Mpa, le ASTM A 106 Gr C ke 485 Mpa. Phaephe e sebelisoang haholo ea carbon steel ke A16 G0r ATM 60 Ho na le ASTM6 G0r A61. Mpa, ASTM A 53 (Hot Dip Galvanized or Line Pipe), eo hape e leng sehlopha se sebelisoang haholo ho phaephe ea tšepe ea carbon bakeng sa pipe.ASTM A 53 pipe e fumaneha ka lihlopha tse peli:
ASTM A 53 Pipe e arotsoe ka mefuta e meraro - Mofuta oa E (RW - Resistance Welded), Mofuta oa F (Sebōpi le Butt Welded), Mofuta oa S (Seamless).Mofuteng oa E, ka bobeli ASTM A 53 Gr A le ASTM A 53 Gr B li teng.Mofuteng oa F, ke ASTM A 53 Gr A feela e fumanehang, ha e fumaneha hape ka Mofuta oa A5, ASTM ea A5 le ASTM ea A5. matla a tensile a ASTM A 53 Gr A pipe a tšoana le ASTM A 106 Gr A ho 330 Mpa. Matla a tensile a ASTM A 53 Gr B pipe a tšoana le ASTM A 106 Gr B ho 415 Mpa. Sena se koahela liphaephe tsa carbon steel grade tse sebelisoang haholo indastering ea ts'ebetso.
Liphaephe tsa tšepe tse sa hloekang tse sebelisoang ka ho fetisisa indastering ea ho sebetsa li bitsoa austenitic stainless steels.Tlhabollo ea bohlokoa ea austenitic stainless steel ke hore ha e na magnetic kapa paramagnetic.
Ho na le limaraka tse 18 ka tlhaloso ena, eo 304 L e sebelisoang ka ho fetisisa.Sehlopha se tummeng ke 316 L ka lebaka la khanyetso e phahameng ea kutu.ASTM A 312 (ASME SA 312) bakeng sa liphaephe tse bophara ba lisenthimithara tse 8. "L" hammoho le kereiti e bonts'a hore e na le khabone e tlase, e ntlafatsang boleng ba phaephe.
Tlhaloso ena e sebetsa liphaepheng tse kholo tse cheselitsoeng ka bophara. Mekhahlelo ea lipeipi e kenyelletsoeng tlhalosong ena ke Shejule 5S le Shejule 10.
Weldability of Austenitic Stainless Steels - Litšepe tse sa hloekang tsa Austenitic li na le katoloso e phahameng ea mocheso ho feta ferritic kapa martensitic stainless steels. thepa ea ho tlatsa le ho tjheseletsa.Submerged arc welding (SAW) ha e kgothaletswe ha ho hlokahala ka botlalo austenitic stainless steel weld kapa low ferrite content welds.Tafole (Sehlomathiso-1) ke tataiso bakeng sa ho khetha terata e loketseng ea ho tlatsa kapa eleketrode e thehiloeng holim'a thepa ea motheo (bakeng sa litšepe tsa austenitic stainless).
Chromium molybdenum tubing e loketse melapo ea litšebeletso tse phahameng tsa mocheso hobane matla a tsitsitseng a chrome molybdenum tubing a lula a sa fetohe nakong ea mocheso o phahameng.The tube e fumana ts'ebetso ho limela tsa matla, li-exchanger tsa mocheso, joalo-joalo.Tube ke ASTM A 335 ka lihlopha tse' maloa:
Liphaephe tsa tšepe li sebelisoa bakeng sa ho tima mollo, ho ntša metsi, likhoerekhoere, mosebetsi o boima (ka tlas'a mosebetsi o boima) - lipeipi tsa ka tlas'a lefatše le litšebeletso tse ling.
Liphaephe tsa tšepe tsa ductile li sebelisoa ka liphaephe tse ka tlas'a lefatše bakeng sa litšebeletso tsa mollo.Dürr liphaephe li thata ka lebaka la boteng ba silicon.Liphaephe tsena li sebelisetsoa tšebeletso ea acid e khoebo, kaha sehlopha se bontša ho hanyetsa acid ea khoebo, le bakeng sa phekolo ea metsi e ntšang litšila tsa acid.
Nirmal Surendran Menon o ile a fumana Bachelor of Mechanical Engineering ho tloha Univesithing ea Anna, Tamil Nadu, India ka 2005 le Master of Science in Project Management ho tsoa Univesithing ea Sechaba ea Singapore ka 2010. O le indastering ea oli / khase / petrochemical. Hona joale o sebetsa e le moenjiniere oa tšimo mosebetsing oa LNG liquefaction karolong e ka boroa-bophirimela ea Louisiana. lisebelisoa.
Ashish o na le lengolo la bachelor la boenjiniere 'me o na le lilemo tse fetang 20 a ikamahanya le boenjiniere, tiisetso ea boleng / taolo ea boleng, mangolo a mangolo a mofani oa thepa / tlhokomelo, theko ea thepa, moralo oa lisebelisoa tsa tlhahlobo, welding, masela, kaho le konteraka e nyenyane.
Ts'ebetso ea oli le khase hangata e fumaneha libakeng tse hole le ntlo-khōlō ea lik'hamphani.Hona joale, hoa khoneha ho shebella ts'ebetso ea pompo, ho hlophisa le ho sekaseka data ea seismic, le ho sala morao basebetsi lefatšeng ka bophara ho tloha hoo e batlang e le kae kapa kae.Ho sa tsotellehe hore na basebetsi ba liofising kapa ka ntle ho toropo, Inthanete le likopo tse amanang le tsona li nolofalletsa ho phalla le ho laola boitsebiso bo bongata ho feta leha e le neng pele.
Ngolisa ho OILMAN Kajeno, koranta ea beke le beke e rometsoeng ka har'a inbox ea hau e nang le tsohle tseo u hlokang ho li tseba mabapi le litaba tsa khoebo ea oli le khase, liketsahalo tsa hajoale le tlhaiso-leseling ea indasteri.