Intshayelelo
IBanga le-316 linqanaba eliqhelekileyo lokuthwala i-molybdenum, okwesibini ngokubaluleka ukuya kuma-304 phakathi kwe-austenitic stainless steels.I-molybdenum inika iipropati ezingama-316 ezingcono zokuxhathisa umhlwa kuneBanga lama-304, ngokukodwa ukuxhathisa okuphezulu kwimingxuma kunye nokuhlwa kwemingxuma kwiindawo ezinekloridi.
IBanga le-316L, i-carbon version ephantsi ye-316 kwaye ikhuselekile kwi-sensitization (i-grain boundary carbide precipitation).Ngaloo ndlela isetyenziswa kakhulu kwigeyiji enzima edityanisiweyo (ngaphezulu kwe-6mm).Ngokuqhelekileyo akukho mahluko axabisayo phakathi kwe-316 kunye ne-316L yensimbi engenasici.
Isakhiwo se-austenitic sikwanika la mabanga ukuqina okugqwesileyo, kude kube phantsi ukuya kumaqondo obushushu e-cryogenic.
Xa kuthelekiswa ne-chromium-nickel austenitic steel stainless steels, i-316L yensimbi engenasici inikezela ngokunyuka okuphezulu, uxinzelelo lokugqabhuka kunye namandla okuqina kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu.
Iimpawu eziphambili
Ezi zakhiwo zichazwe kwimveliso ephothiweyo (ipleyiti, iphepha kunye nekhoyili) kwi-ASTM A240/A240M.Iipropati ezifanayo kodwa zingafane zichazwe kwezinye iimveliso ezinjengombhobho kunye nebar kwiinkcukacha zazo.
Ukuqamba
Itheyibhile 1. Iindidi zokuqulunqa ze-316L zensimbi ezingenasici.
| IBanga |
| C | Mn | Si | P | S | Cr | Mo | Ni | N |
| 316L | Min | - | - | - | - | - | 16.0 | 2.00 | 10.0 | - |
| Max | 0.03 | 2.0 | 0.75 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 18.0 | 3.00 | 14.0 | 0.10 |
Iipropati zoomatshini
Itheyibhile 2. Iipropati ze-Mechanical ze-316L zensimbi ezingenasici.
| IBanga | Tensile Str | Yield Str | Elong | Ukuqina | |
| Rockwell B (HR B) max | Brinell (HB) max | ||||
| 316L | 485 | 170 | 40 | 95 | 217 |
Iipropati Zomzimba
Itheyibhile 3.Iipropathi ezibonakalayo eziqhelekileyo ze-316 grade steels stainless.
| IBanga | Ukuxinana | Imodyuli ye-Elastic | I-Mean Co-eff yoKwandiswa kweThermal (µm/m/°C) | I-Thermal Conductivity | Ubushushu obukhethekileyo 0-100°C | I-Elec Resistivity | |||
| 0-100°C | 0-315°C | 0-538°C | Kwi-100°C | Kuma-500°C | |||||
| 316/L/H | 8000 | 193 | 15.9 | 16.2 | 17.5 | 16.3 | 21.5 | 500 | 740 |
Uthelekiso lweNgcaciso yeBanga
Uluhlu lwesi-4.Imigangatho yeBanga le-316L yeentsimbi ezingenasici.
| IBanga | UNS | Old British | I-Euronorm | Swedish | IsiJaphani | ||
| BS | En | No | Igama | ||||
| 316L | S31603 | 316S11 | - | 1.4404 | X2CrNiMo17-12-2 | 2348 | SUS 316L |
Qaphela: Olu luthelekiso luqikelelo kuphela.Uluhlu lwenzelwe uthelekiso lwezixhobo zokusebenza ezifanayo hayi njengeshedyuli yeekhontrakthi ezilinganayo.Ukuba ukulingana ngqo kuyafuneka, kufuneka kuqwalaselwe iinkcukacha zokuqala.
AmaBanga aManye anokubakho
Itheyibhile 5. Amanye amabakala anokubakho ukuya kwi-316 yensimbi engenasici.
Uluhlu 5.Amanqanaba anokubakho angamanye ukuya kwi-316 yensimbi engenasici.
| IBanga | Kutheni inokuthi ikhethwe endaweni ka-316? |
| 317L | Ukuchasana okuphezulu kwi-chloride kune-316L, kodwa kunye nokuchasana okufanayo kuxinzelelo lwe-corrosion cracking. |
IBanga
Kutheni inokuthi ikhethwe endaweni ka-316?
317L
Ukuchasana okuphezulu kwi-chloride kune-316L, kodwa kunye nokuchasana okufanayo kuxinzelelo lwe-corrosion cracking.
Ukunyangwa kokuMhlwa
Igqwesileyo kuluhlu lwemekobume ye-atmospheri kunye nemithombo yeendaba eyonakalisayo - ixhathisa ngokubanzi kune-304. Ngokuxhomekeke kwimingxuma kunye ne-crevice corrosion kwindawo efudumeleyo ye-chloride, kunye noxinzelelo lokuqhekeka kwe-corrosion ngaphezulu kwe-60.°C. Ithathwa njengokumelana namanzi okusela ukuya kuthi ga kwi-1000mg/L chlorides kumaqondo obushushu akwindawo engqongileyo, iyancipha ukuya kutsho malunga ne-500mg/L kwi-60.°C.
316 idla ngokuthathwa njengomgangatho“zaselwandle grade steel stainless”, kodwa ayixhathisi kumanzi olwandle afudumeleyo.Kwiindawo ezininzi zaselwandle i-316 ibonisa umhlwa ongaphezulu, odla ngokubonakala njengebala elimdaka.Oku kunxulunyaniswa ngakumbi nemingxuma kunye nokugqiba komphezulu orhabaxa.
Ukumelana nobushushu
Ukumelana ne-oxidation elungileyo kwinkonzo yethutyana ukuya kuma-870°C kunye nenkonzo eqhubekayo ukuya kuma-925°C. Ukusetyenziswa ngokuqhubekayo kwe-316 kwi-425-860°Uluhlu lwe-C alukhuthazwa ukuba ukuchasana nokukhula okumanzi okulandelayo kubalulekile.IBanga le-316L lixhathisa ngakumbi kwimvula ye-carbide kwaye linokusetyenziswa kuluhlu lobushushu obungentla.IBanga lama-316H linamandla aphezulu kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu kwaye ngamanye amaxesha lisetyenziselwa ulwakhiwo kunye noxinzelelo oluqulathe izicelo kumaqondo obushushu angaphezu kwama-500.°C.
Unyango lobushushu
Unyango lwesisombululo (Annealing) - Ukushisa ukuya kwi-1010-1120°C kwaye uphole ngokukhawuleza.La mabanga akakwazi ukuqina ngonyango lwe-thermal.
Ukuwelda
I-weldability egqwesileyo ngayo yonke imidibaniso esemgangathweni kunye neendlela zokuxhathisa, zombini kunye nangaphandle kweentsimbi zokuzalisa.Amacandelo adityanisiweyo anzima kwiBanga lama-316 afuna ukufakwa kwe-post-weld annealing ukwenzela ukuxhathisa ukudleka okukhulu.Oku akufuneki kwi-316L.
I-316L yensimbi engenasici ayinakuxutywa ngokubanzi usebenzisa iindlela ze-oxyacetylene welding.
Umatshini
I-316L yensimbi engenasici ithanda ukusebenza nzima ukuba imatshini yenziwe ngokukhawuleza.Ngesi sizathu izantya eziphantsi kunye namazinga okutya angaguqukiyo ayacetyiswa.
I-316L insimbi engenasici nayo ilula kumatshini xa kuthelekiswa ne-316 yensimbi engenasici ngenxa yekhabhoni ephantsi.
Ukusebenza okushushu kunye nokubandayo
I-316L yensimbi engenasici inokuba shushu isetyenzwe ngokusebenzisa iindlela eziqhelekileyo zokusebenza ezishushu.Amaqondo obushushu asebenzayo afanelekileyo kufuneka abe kuluhlu lwe-1150-1260°C, kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo akufunekanga ibe ngaphantsi kwama-930°C. Ukukhutshwa komsebenzi emva komsebenzi kufuneka kuqhutywe ukuze kubangele ukuxhathisa ubuninzi bomhlwa.
Uninzi lwemisebenzi eqhelekileyo ebandayo efana nokucheba, ukuzoba kunye nokunyathela kunokwenziwa kwi-316L yensimbi engenasici.I-post work annealing kufuneka iqhutywe ukususa uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi.
Ukuqina kunye nokusebenza nzima
I-316L insimbi engenasici ayiqini ekuphenduleni unyango lobushushu.Inokuqiniswa kukusebenza okubandayo, okunokubangela ukomelela okwandisiweyo.
Usetyenziso
Usetyenziso oluqhelekileyo lubandakanya:
•Izixhobo zokulungiselela ukutya ngokukodwa kwiindawo ezinekloridi.
•Amachiza
•Usetyenziso lwaselwandle
•izicelo Architectural
•Ukufakelwa kwezonyango, kubandakanywa izikhonkwane, izikrufu kunye nokufakelwa kwamathambo njengokutshintshwa kwehip kunye nedolo.
•Izibophelelo