I-Argon backflush isoloko ifunwa ukuwelda iityhubhu zentsimbi engenasici kunye nemibhobho isebenzisa iinkqubo eziqhelekileyo ezifana negesi ekhuselekileyo ye-tungsten arc welding (GTAW) kunye ne-shielded metal arc welding (SMAW).Kodwa iindleko zegesi kunye nexesha lokumisela inkqubo yokucoca inokubaluleka, ngakumbi njengoko ububanzi bombhobho kunye nobude banda.
Xa welding 300 Series intsimbi stainless, iikontraka unako ukuphelisa umva-breakout kwi welds iingcambu evulekileyo canal ngokutshintsha ukusuka GTAW zemveli okanye SMAW ukuya inkqubo ukuwelda phambili, lo gama ukugcina welds ezikumgangatho ophezulu, ukugcina ukumelana umhlwa, kwaye ukuhlangabezana Ukucaciswa kweNkqubo Welding (WPS).) idinga inkqubo ye-short circuit metal arc welding (GMAW).Inkqubo ye-GMAW ephuculweyo ye-short-circuit ibonelela ngokusebenza okongeziweyo, ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokusebenziseka ngokulula ukunceda ukwandisa inzuzo.
Ngenxa yokunganyangeki kwe-corrosion kunye namandla, ii-alloys zensimbi ezingenasici zisetyenziswa kwimibhobho emininzi kunye nezicelo zemibhobho, kubandakanywa ioli kunye negesi, i-petrochemicals, kunye ne-biofuels.Ngelixa i-GTAW ibisoloko isetyenziswa kwizicelo ezininzi zentsimbi engenasici, inazo ezinye izinto ezingeloncedo ezinokuthi ziqwalaselwe ngokuphuculwa kwesekethe emfutshane ye-GMAW.
Okokuqala, njengoko kukho ukunqongophala okuqhubekayo kwabachwephesha abanezakhono, ukufumana abasebenzi abaqhelana ne-GTAW ngumngeni oqhubekayo.Okwesibini, i-GTAW ayisiyiyo inkqubo yokuwelda ikhawulezayo, ethintela iinkampani ezijonge ukwandisa imveliso ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zabathengi.Okwesithathu, kufuna ukubuyisela umva ixesha elide kunye neendleko zemibhobho yentsimbi engenasici.
Yintoni impendulo?Ukucoca kukuqaliswa kwegesi ngexesha lenkqubo ye-welding ukususa ukungcola kunye nokubonelela ngenkxaso.I-back side purge ikhusela umva we-weld ekubunjweni kwee-oxides ezinzima phambi kwe-oxygen.
Ukuba icala elingasemva alikhuselwanga ngexesha le-welding ye-root root canal, umonakalo kwisiseko unokuphumela.Oku kuqhekeka kubizwa ngokuba yi-saccharification kuba ikhokelela kwindawo efana neswekile ngaphakathi kwi-weld.Ukuthintela ukukrazula, i-welder ifaka i-hose yegesi kwelinye icala lombhobho kwaye iplage ekupheleni kombhobho ngevalve yokucoca.Baphinde benza i-vent kwelinye icala lombhobho.Bahlala bebeka iteyiphu malunga nokuvula umdibaniso.Emva kokucoca umbhobho, basusa isiqwenga se-tape ejikeleze i-joint kwaye baqala i-welding, baphinda inkqubo yokuqhawula kunye ne-welding de i-root bead igqitywe.
Susa umva.Ukubuyisela kwakhona kunokubiza ixesha elininzi kunye nemali, kwezinye iimeko ukongeza amawaka eedola kwiprojekthi.Ukutshintshela kumjikelezo omfutshane wenkqubo ye-GMAW ivumela inkampani ukuba iqhube iingcambu ngaphandle kokubuyela umva kwizicelo ezininzi zensimbi engenasici.Welding 300 series stainless steels ifaneleka kakuhle oku, lo gama ukuwelda high ubunyulu duplex steels stainless ngoku kufuna GTAW for ingcambu pass.
Ukugcina igalelo lobushushu liphantsi kangangoko kunokwenzeka kunceda ukugcina ukuxhathisa kwe-corrosion ye-workpiece.Enye indlela yokunciphisa igalelo lobushushu kukunciphisa inani lokupasa kwe-welding.Iinkqubo eziphucukileyo ze-GMAW ze-short-circuit ezifana ne-controlled metal deposition (RMD®) zisebenzisa ukuhanjiswa kwetsimbi okulawulwa ngokuchanekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuthotywa kwe-droplet efanayo.Oku kwenza kube lula ukuba i-welder ilawule i-weld pool, yona ilawula igalelo lobushushu kunye nesantya se-welding.Igalelo elincinci lobushushu livumela i-weld pool ukuba ibe ngumkhenkce ngokukhawuleza.
Ngenxa yokuhanjiswa kwesinyithi okulawulwayo kunye nokukhenkceza ngokukhawuleza kwechibi le-weld, i-weld pool ayinazo izidubedube kwaye igesi ekhuselayo iphuma kwitotshi ye-GMAW ngokutyibilikayo.Oku kuvumela igesi ekhuselayo ukuba idlule kwingcambu evulekileyo, ukunyanzelisa umoya kunye nokuthintela i-shugaring okanye i-oxidation kwi-underside ye-weld.Oku kugutyungelwa kwerhasi kuthatha ixeshana elifutshane kuba amadiba enomkhenkce ngokukhawuleza.
Uvavanyo lubonise ukuba inkqubo ye-GMAW yesiphaluka esifutshane elungisiweyo ihlangabezana nemigangatho yomgangatho we-welding ngelixa igcina i-stainless steel stainless corrosion resistance ye-GTAW ye-root bead welding.
Ukutshintsha inkqubo ye-welding kufuna inkampani ukuba iphinde iqinisekise i-WPS, kodwa utshintsho olunjalo lunokubangela inzuzo ebalulekileyo kunye nokugcinwa kweendleko kumsebenzi omtsha wokuvelisa kunye nokulungiswa.
Ukuwelda imijelo yeengcambu ezivulekileyo kusetyenziswa inkqubo ye-GMAW yesekethe emfutshane ibonelela ngeenzuzo ezongezelelweyo kwimveliso, ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nemfundo ye-welder.Oku kuquka:
Iphelisa ukubakho kwemijelo eshushu ngenxa yokuba kunokwenzeka ukuba kuvele isinyithi esingaphezulu ukunyusa ubukhulu bomsele weengcambu.
Ukuchasana okugqwesileyo kwiindawo eziphakamileyo neziphantsi phakathi kwamacandelo emibhobho.Ngokudluliswa kwentsimbi egudileyo, le nkqubo inokuvala ngokulula izikhewu ukuya kuthi ga kwi-intshi ezi-3⁄16.
Ubude be-arc buhlala buhlala kungakhathaliseki ukuba kwandiswa kwe-electrode, okuhlawulela ubunzima babaqhubi abafumana kunzima ukugcina ukwandiswa rhoqo.I-pool ye-weld elawulwa ngokulula kunye nokudluliselwa kwentsimbi efanayo kunokunciphisa ixesha loqeqesho lwabashicileli abatsha.
Ukuncitshiswa kwexesha lokutshintsha inkqubo.Ucingo olufanayo kunye negesi yokukhusela ingasetyenziselwa iingcambu, ukugcwalisa kunye nokuvala imisele.Inkqubo ye-GMAW ye-pulsed ingasetyenziselwa ukuba iziteshi zizaliswe kwaye zivaliwe ubuncinane i-80% nge-argon shielding gas.
Kwimisebenzi ye-backflush yensimbi engenasici, kubalulekile ukulandela iingcebiso ezintlanu eziphambili zotshintsho oluyimpumelelo kwinkqubo ye-GMAW yesekethe emfutshane elungisiweyo.
Coca imibhobho ngaphakathi nangaphandle ukususa nakuphi na ukungcola.Sebenzisa ibrashi yocingo eyenzelwe intsimbi engenasici ukucoca umva womdibaniso ubuncinane nge-intshi eyi-1 ukusuka emphethweni.
Sebenzisa i-silicon ephezulu yentsimbi yokuzalisa intsimbi enje nge-316LSi okanye i-308LSi.Umxholo ophezulu we-silicon ukhuthaza ukumanzisa kwe-weld pool kwaye usebenza njenge-deoxidizer.
Ukufumana iziphumo ezilungileyo, sebenzisa umxube wegesi wekhaka owenziwe ngokukodwa kwinkqubo, njenge-90% ye-helium, i-7.5% ye-argon, kunye ne-2.5% ye-carbon dioxide.Enye inketho yi-98% ye-argon kunye ne-2% ye-carbon dioxide.Umthengisi wegesi ye-welding unokuba nezinye iingcebiso.
Ukufumana iziphumo ezilungileyo, sebenzisa i-conical tip kunye nencam yengcambu yengcambu ukuze ufumane indawo yokugubungela igesi.Umbhobho we-Conical one-gas diffuser eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi ibonelela ngokugqwesileyo.
Qaphela ukuba ukusebenzisa inkqubo ye-GMAW yesiphaluka esifutshane elungisiweyo ngaphandle kwegesi yokubuyisela ibangela umlinganiselo omncinci we-dross kwi-underside ye-weld.Idla ngokugqabhuka njengoko i-weld iphola kwaye idibana nemigangatho yomgangatho weshishini leoli, izityalo zamandla kunye neekhemikhali zepetroli.
UJim Byrne ungumphathi weentengiso kunye nezicelo zeMiller Electric Mfg LLC, 1635 W. Spencer St., Appleton, WI 54912, 920-734-9821, www.millerwelds.com.
ITube & nePipe Journal 于1990 年成為第一本致力于為金属管材行业服务的杂志. Umbhobho kunye neJenali yoMbhobho 于1990 Umbhobho & Ijenali yombhobho стал первым журналом, посвященным индустрии металлических труб в 1990 году. I-Tube & Pipe Journal yaba yimagazini yokuqala enikezelwe kushishino lwemibhobho yesinyithi ngo-1990.Namhlanje, ihlala iyeyona yodwa impapasho yoshishino eMntla Melika kwaye ibe ngowona mthombo uthembekileyo wolwazi lwabasebenzi bombhobho.
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