Abantu bahlala bethenga insimbi engenasici esele yenziwe ngaphambili, eyongeza kubunzima bezinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe ngabaqhubi.
Njengezinto ezininzi, insimbi engenasici ineenzuzo ezininzi kunye nokungonakali.Insimbi ithathwa njenge "insimbi engenasici" ukuba i-alloy iqulethe ubuncinane i-10.5% ye-chromium, eyenza i-oxide layer eyenza i-asidi kunye ne-corrosion resistant.Le nkunkuma ye-corrosion ingaphuculwa ngakumbi ngokunyusa umxholo we-chromium kunye nokongeza i-agent alloying eyongezelelweyo.
Izinto eziphathekayo "zensimbi engenasici", ukugcinwa okuphantsi, ukuqina, kunye nokugqitywa kwezinto ezahlukeneyo kuyenza ifaneleke kumashishini afana nokwakhiwa, ifenitshala, ukutya kunye nesiselo, unyango, kunye nezinye izicelo ezininzi ezifuna amandla kunye nokuxhathisa ukubola kwentsimbi.
Insimbi engenasici idla ngokubiza kakhulu kunezinye iintsimbi.Nangona kunjalo, inika inzuzo yokulinganisa amandla, ukuvumela ukusetyenziswa kwezinto ezinobunzima obuncinci xa kuthelekiswa namabakala aqhelekileyo, oko kunokukhokelela ekugcinweni kweendleko.Ngenxa yeendleko zayo zonke, iivenkile kufuneka ziqinisekise ukuba zisebenzisa izixhobo ezifanelekileyo ukuphepha inkunkuma ebiza kakhulu kunye nokuphinda kusetyenzwe kwakhona kwesi sixhobo.
Insimbi engenasici ngokuqhelekileyo ithathwa njengento enzima ukuyidibanisa ngenxa yokuba ikhupha ubushushu ngokukhawuleza kwaye ifuna ukunyameka okukhulu kwinqanaba lokugqibela lokugqitywa kunye nokupholisha.
Ukusebenza ngensimbi engenasici ngokuqhelekileyo kufuna i-welder okanye umqhubi onamava ngaphezu kokusebenza nge-carbon steel, ehlala iyancipha ngakumbi.I-latitude yayo ingancitshiswa xa iiparitha ezithile ziqaliswa, ngakumbi ngexesha lokuthunga.Ngenxa yeendleko eziphezulu zensimbi engenasici, kunengqiqo ukuba abaqhubi abanamava amaninzi bayisebenzise.
"Abantu bahlala bethenga intsimbi engatyiwa ngenxa yokuphela kwayo," utshilo uJonathan Douville, umphathi omkhulu wemveliso kuphando lwamazwe ngamazwe kunye nophuhliso eWalter Surface Technologies ePointe-Claire, eQuebec.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuba ubukhulu be-4 ubukhulu be-texture ye-linear okanye i-mirror ye-8 yokugqiba isibuko, umqhubi kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba izinto eziphathekayo zihlonishwa kwaye ukugqitywa akukonakali ngexesha lokuphatha kunye nokulungiswa.
"Xa usebenza nale nto, into yokuqala ekufuneka uyenzile kukuqinisekisa ukuba icocekile, icocekile, icocekile, icocekile) i-Pfedl Antario, icocekile i-Ontario ecocekileyo kwaye ingavumeli ukwakhiwa kwendlela, ukudala ukukhuselwa ungqimba ukunciphisa i-oxidation. "
Xa usebenzisa insimbi engenasici, izinto eziphathekayo kunye neendawo ezizungezile kufuneka zihlambuluke.Ukususa i-oyile kunye ne-plastiki i-residu kwizinto eziphathekayo yindawo efanelekileyo yokuqala.Izinto ezingcolileyo kwi-stainless steel zingabangela i-oxidation, kodwa nazo zinokuba yingxaki ngexesha le-welding kwaye zingabangela iziphene.Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukucoca umphezulu ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukuhlamba.
Iindawo zokusebenzela azisoloko zicoceke kakhulu, kwaye ukungcoliseka okunqamlezayo kunokuba ngumba xa usebenza ngentsimbi yentsimbi kunye nekhabhoni. Ngokuqhelekileyo ivenkile iqhuba iifeni ezininzi okanye isebenzisa i-air conditioner ukupholisa abasebenzi, nto leyo inokutyhala ukungcola emgangathweni okanye kubangele ukuthontsiza kuthontsize okanye kwakhiwe kwizinto ezikrwada. Oku kuba ngumngeni ngakumbi xa amasuntswana e-carbon steel avuthelwa kwindawo ecocekileyo kwaye agcine izinto ezisingqongileyo zicocekile. ukuwelda.
Kubalulekile ukususa i-discoloration ukuqinisekisa ukuba umhlwa awakheki ngokuhamba kwexesha kwaye buthathaka ukwakheka ngokubanzi.Kukwalungile ukususa i-bluing ukuya ngaphandle kombala ongaphezulu.
ECanada, ngenxa yemozulu ebanda kakhulu kunye nemozulu yasebusika, ukukhetha ibakala elifanelekileyo lensimbi engenasici kubalulekile.UDouville wachaza ukuba izitolo ezininzi ekuqaleni zikhethe i-304 ngenxa yexabiso layo.Kodwa ukuba ivenkile yayiza kusebenzisa izinto eziphathekayo ngaphandle, uya kuncoma ukutshintshela kwi-316, nangona ixabisa kabini. ding i-passivation layer kwaye ekugqibeleni ibangele ukuba irule kwakhona.
"Ukulungiswa kwe-weld kubalulekile ngenxa yezizathu ezibalulekileyo," utsho uGabi Miholics, ingcali yophuhliso lwezicelo, i-Abrasive Systems Division, i-3M Canada, iLondon, i-Ontario.Kufuneka kungabikho ungcoliseko kumphezulu we-welding onokuwenza buthathaka ibhondi.
I-Hatelt yongeza ukuba ukucoca indawo kubalulekile, kodwa ukulungiswa kwangaphambili kwe-weld kunokubandakanya ukuhlambalaza izinto zokuqinisekisa ukubambelela okufanelekileyo kunye namandla.
I-welding yensimbi engenasici, kubalulekile ukukhetha isinyithi esichanekileyo sokuzalisa kwibakala elisetyenzisiweyo.Insimbi engenasici inomdla ngokukodwa kwaye idinga i-welding seams ukuba iqinisekiswe kunye nohlobo olufanayo lwezinto eziphathekayo.Ngokomzekelo, i-316 yesiseko sesinyithi idinga i-316 yesinyithi.
"Xa u-welding steel stainless, i-welder kufuneka ibukele ubushushu," kusho uMichael Radaelli, umphathi wemveliso eNorton |eSaint-Gobain Abrasives, eWorcester, MA.” Kukho izixhobo ezininzi ezahlukahlukeneyo ezinokusetyenziswa ukulinganisa ubushushu bentsimbi kunye nenxalenye njengoko intsimbi itshisa, kuba ukuba kukho intanda kwintsimbi engatyiwayo, inxalenye yayo yonakala.”
U-Radaelli wongezelela ukuba i-welder kufuneka iqinisekise ukuba akahlali kwindawo enye ixesha elide.I-Multilayer welding yindlela efanelekileyo yokugcina i-substrate ekugqithiseni.I-welding yexesha elide yesiseko sensimbi engenasici inokubangela ukuba igqithise kwaye iqhekeze.
“Ukuwelda ngentsimbi engatyiwayo kunokutya ixesha, kodwa bubugcisa obufuna izandla ezinamava,” utshilo uRadaelli.
Ukulungiswa kwe-post-weld ngokwenene kuxhomekeke kwimveliso yokugqibela kunye nesicelo sayo.Kwezinye iimeko, u-Miholics wachaza, i-weld ayibonakali ngokwenene, ngoko ke kufuneka ukucoca emva kwe-weld kuphela, kwaye nayiphi na i-spatter ebonakalayo ikhutshwe ngokukhawuleza.
“Asingombala oyingxaki,” utshilo uMiholics.” Oku kuguga komphezulu kubonisa ukuba iipropathi zentsimbi zitshintshile kwaye ngoku zinokukhupha okanye ukurusa.
Ukukhetha isixhobo sokugqiba isantya esiguquguqukayo siya kugcina ixesha kunye nemali kwaye uvumele umqhubi ahambelane nokugqiba.
Kubalulekile ukususa i-discoloration ukuqinisekisa ukuba umhlwa awakheki ngokuhamba kwexesha kwaye buthathaka ukwakheka ngokubanzi.Kukwalungile ukususa i-bluing ukuya ngaphandle kombala ongaphezulu.
Inkqubo yokucoca inokonakalisa iindawo, ngakumbi xa kusetyenziswa iikhemikhali ezinzima.Ukucoca ngokungafanelekanga kunokuthintela ukubunjwa kwe-passivation layer.Yiyo loo nto iingcali ezininzi zincoma ukucocwa kwezandla kwezi ndawo ezidibeneyo.
"Xa usenza ukucoca ngesandla, ukuba awuvumeli i-oksijini ukuba iphendule kunye ne-surface ye-24 okanye i-48 iiyure, awunayo ixesha lokwakha indawo engabonakaliyo," kusho u-Douville.Wachaza ukuba umphezulu ufuna i-oksijini ukusabela nge-chromium kwi-alloy ukwenza i-passivation layer.Ezinye izitolo zivame ukucoca, ukupakisha iinxalenye kunye nokuzithumela ngokukhawuleza, oko kwandisa umngcipheko wenkqubo.
Kuqhelekile ukuba abavelisi kunye ne-welders basebenzise izinto ezininzi.Nangona kunjalo, njengoko kuchaziwe ngaphambili, ukusetyenziswa kwensimbi engenasici yongeza imida.Ukuthatha ixesha lokucoca inxalenye yinyathelo lokuqala elilungileyo, kodwa lilungile njengendawo engqongileyo.
U-Hatelt uthe ugcina ebona iindawo zokusebenza ezingcolileyo.Ukuphelisa ubukho bekhabhoni kwindawo yokusebenza yensimbi engenasici kungundoqo.Akuqhelekanga ukuba iivenkile ezisebenzisa insimbi zitshintshele kwinsimbi engenasici ngaphandle kokulungiselela ngokufanelekileyo indawo yokusebenza kwesi sixhobo.Le yimpazamo, ngakumbi ukuba abanako ukuhlukanisa izinto ezimbini okanye ukuthenga izixhobo zabo.
“Ukuba unebrashi yocingo yokusila okanye yokulungisa intsimbi engatyiwayo, kwaye uyisebenzisa kwintsimbi yekhabhoni, awunakuphinda usebenzise intsimbi engatyiwayo,” utshilo uRadaelli.Nje ukuba iibhrashi zichaphazeleke, azikwazi ukucocwa.”
Iivenkile kufuneka zisebenzise izixhobo ezihlukeneyo ukulungiselela izixhobo, kodwa kufuneka zibhale izixhobo "zensimbi engenasici kuphela" ukuphepha ukungcoliseka okungafunekiyo, utshilo uHatelt.
Iivenkile kufuneka ziqwalasele izinto ezininzi xa zikhetha izixhobo ze-stainless weld prep, kubandakanywa iinketho zokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu, uhlobo lwamaminerali, isantya kunye nobukhulu beenkozo.
"Ukukhetha i-abrasive nge-heat-dissipating coating yindawo efanelekileyo yokuqala," kusho u-Miholics. "Insimbi engenasici inzima kakhulu kwaye iya kuvelisa ubushushu obuninzi xa igaya kunentsimbi epholileyo.Ubushushu kufuneka buhambe kwindawo ethile, ngoko kukho isambatho esivumela ukuba ubushushu buhambe ukuya kumda wediski endaweni yokuhlala nje apho usila khona.
Ukukhetha i-abrasive kwakhona kuxhomekeke kwindlela ukugqiba okupheleleyo kufuneka kujongeke ngayo, uyongezelela.Kuyinto ngokwenene kwiso lombukeli.Iiminerali ze-alumina kwi-abrasives ziluhlobo oluqhelekileyo olusetyenziswa ekugqibeni amanyathelo.Ukwenza i-stainless steel stainless ibonakale eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka phezu komhlaba, i-mineral silicon carbide kufuneka isetyenziswe.Ibukhali kwaye ishiya ukusikeka okujulileyo okubonisa ukukhanya okuluhlaza ngokuhlukileyo, ukuba i-suite ikhangeleke ngokuhlukileyo, i-suite ikhangeleke ngokuhlukileyo. isixhobo.
"I-RPM yingxaki enkulu," kusho uHatelt. "Izixhobo ezahlukeneyo zifuna ii-RPM ezahlukeneyo, kwaye zihlala zibaleka ngokukhawuleza.Ukusebenzisa i-RPM efanelekileyo iqinisekisa iziphumo ezilungileyo, zombini ngokubhekiselele kwindlela umsebenzi owenziwe ngokukhawuleza ngayo kunye nendlela owenziwe ngayo.Yazi ukuba ufuna ntoni ukugqiba kunye nendlela yokulinganisa. "
U-Douville wongezelela ukuba utyalo-mali kwizixhobo eziguquguqukayo zokugqiba isantya yindlela enye yokunqoba imiba yesantya.Abaqhubi abaninzi bazama i-grinder eqhelekileyo yokugqiba, kodwa inesantya esiphezulu sokusika.Ukugqiba inkqubo kufuna ukunciphisa.
Kwakhona, i-grit ibalulekile xa ukhetha i-abrasive.Umqhubi kufuneka aqale ngeyona grit yesicelo.
Ukuqala nge-60 okanye i-80 (i-medium) grit, umqhubi unokukhawuleza ngokukhawuleza ukuya kwi-120 (fine) grit kunye ne-220 (ehle kakhulu) i-grit, eya kunika i-stainless i-No.
"Kungaba lula njengamanyathelo amathathu," kusho uRadaelli. "Nangona kunjalo, ukuba umqhubi ujongene ne-welds enkulu, akakwazi ukuqala nge-60 okanye i-80 grit, kwaye unokukhetha i-24 (kakhulu kakhulu) okanye i-36 (coarse) grit.Oku kongeza inyathelo elongezelelweyo kwaye kunokuba nzima ukususa kwizinto Kukho imikrwelo enzulu kuyo. ”
Ngaphezu koko, ukongeza i-anti-spatter spray okanye i-gel ingaba ngumhlobo osenyongweni we-welder, kodwa isoloko ihoywa xa i-welding steel stainless steel, ithi i-Douville.Iingxenye ezine-spatter kufuneka zisuswe, ezinokukrazula umphezulu, zifuna amanyathelo okugaya okongeziweyo kunye nokuchitha ixesha elingakumbi.Eli nyathelo linokupheliswa ngokulula nge-anti-splash system.
ULindsay Luminoso, uMhleli oDityanisiweyo, ufaka isandla kwi-Metal Fabrication Canada kunye neFabrication kunye ne-Welding Canada.Ukususela kwi-2014-2016, wayenguMhleli odibeneyo / uMhleli weWebhu kwi-Metal Fabrication Canada, kutshanje njengoMhleli odibeneyo woBunjineli boYilo.
ULuminoso unesidanga soBugcisa kwiYunivesithi yaseCarleton, isidanga seMfundo kwiDyunivesithi yaseOttawa, kunye neSiqinisekiso sesiDanga soMdaniso kwiiNcwadi, iimagazini kunye noPapasho lweDijithali kwiCentennial College.
Hlala usexesheni ngeendaba zamva nje, iminyhadala kunye netekhnoloji kuzo zonke iintsimbi ezivela kwiincwadana zethu zenyanga ezimbini ezibhalelwe kuphela abavelisi baseCanada!
Ngoku ngokufikelela ngokupheleleyo kwi-digital edition ye-Canadian Metalworking, ukufikelela lula kwizixhobo ezixabisekileyo zoshishino.
Ngoku ngokufikelela ngokupheleleyo kwi-digital edition ye-Made in Canada kunye ne-Welding, ukufikelela lula kwizixhobo ezixabisekileyo zoshishino.
Gqibezela imingxunya emininzi ngosuku olunye ngomzamo omncinci.I-Slugger JCM200 Auto ifaka isondlo esizenzekelayo sokugrumba isiriyali, i-speed two-reversible magnetic drill enomthamo we-2″, ¾” weld, ujongano lweMT3 kunye neempawu ezininzi zokhuseleko.Ii-core drills, ii-twist drills, iitephu, iisinki zokubala kunye ne-s.