Ndiyabulela ngokundwendwela i-Nature.com.Uguqulelo lwesikhangeli oyisebenzisayo lunenkxaso elinganiselweyo ye-CSS.Ukufumana amava angcono kakhulu, sincoma ukuba usebenzise i-browser ehlaziyiweyo (okanye ucime imodi yokuhambelana kwi-Internet Explorer). Okwangoku, ukuqinisekisa inkxaso eqhubekayo, siya kubonisa isayithi ngaphandle kwezitayela kunye neJavaScript.
Ungcoliseko lomhlaba yingxaki enkulu ebangelwa yimisebenzi yabantu.Ukwabiwa kwendawo yezinto ezinokuba yityhefu (PTEs) kuyahluka kwiindawo ezininzi ezisezidolophini nakwimimandla ekufutshane nedolophu.Ngoko ke, kunzima ukuqikelela ngokwesithuba umxholo we-PTEs kwimihlaba enjalo.Itotali yeesampulu ezili-115 zafunyanwa kwi-Frydek Mistek kwiRiphabhliki yase-Czech), i-magnesium ye-NickKM (i-potassium) izimisele (i-calcium) i-NickKMg (i-calcium) I-inductively edityanisiweyo ye-plasma emission spectrometry.Impendulo eguquguqukayo yi-Ni kunye ne-predictors yi-Ca, Mg, kunye ne-K.I-matrix yokulungelelaniswa phakathi kokuguquguquka kwempendulo kunye ne-predictor variable ibonisa ukulungelelaniswa okwanelisayo phakathi kwezinto.Iziphumo zokubikezela zibonise ukuba i-Support Vector Machine Regression (SVMR) isebenze kakuhle, nangona ingcambu yayo eqikelelwayo ithetha impazamo yesikwele / i-5kg. I-946 mg / kg) yayiphezulu kunezinye iindlela ezisetyenzisiweyo.Iimodeli ezixubileyo ze-Empirical Bayesian Kriging-Multiple Linear Regression (EBK-MLR) ziqhuba kakubi, njengoko kubonakaliswe yi-coefficients yokuzimisela ngaphantsi kwe-0.1.I-Empirical Bayesian Kriging-Support Vector Machine Regression (EBK/9kg) imodeli ephantsi ye-MAK/SERM7 imodeli ephantsi ye-MAE/SERM (imodeli ephantsi ye-EBK / SVR) (77.368 mg / kg) amaxabiso kunye ne-coefficient ephezulu yokuzimisela (R2 = 0.637) .Imveliso ye-EBK-SVMR yokubonisa imodeli ibonwa kusetyenziswa imephu ezilungelelanisayo.I-neurons edibeneyo kwinqwelomoya yemodeli ye-hybrid CakMg-EBK-SVMR icandelo libonisa iipateni ezininzi zemibala ezibonisa iziphumo ze-Niperi edolophini kunye ne-SVMR edolophini. bubuchule obusebenzayo bokuqikelela ukugxila kwe-Ni kwimihlaba yasezidolophini nakwimimandla ekufutshane nedolophu.
I-Nickel (Ni) ithathwa njenge-micronutrient kwizityalo kuba inegalelo kwi-atmospheric nitrogen fixation (N) kunye ne-urea metabolism, zombini ezifunekayo ekuhlumeni kwembewu.Ukongezelela kwigalelo layo ekuhlumeni kwembewu, i-Ni inokusebenza njenge-fungal kunye ne-bacterial inhibitor kwaye ikhuthaze ukukhula kwezityalo. Izichumisi ezisekwe kwi ckel zokwandisa initrogen.2.Ukusetyenziswa okuqhubekayo kwezichumiso ezisekelwe kwinickel ukutyebisa umhlaba kunye nokwandisa amandla embotyi ukulungisa initrogen emhlabeni ngokuqhubekayo kwandisa ukuxinana kwe-nickel emhlabeni.Nangona i-nickel i-micronutrient kwizityalo, ukufakwa kwayo ngokugqithiseleyo emhlabeni kungenza umonakalo omkhulu kune-nizeel ye-iron eyityhefu kunye ne-iron ye-nikel eyingozi emhlabeni. i-trient yokukhula kwezityalo1.Ngokutsho kwe-Liu3, i-Ni ifunyenwe iyinto ye-17 ebalulekileyo efunekayo ekuphuhlisweni kwezityalo kunye nokukhula.Ukongezelela kwindima ye-nickel kuphuhliso lwezityalo kunye nokukhula, abantu bayayidinga kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-applications.I-Electroplating, ukuveliswa kwee-alloys ezisekelwe kwi-nickel, kunye nokuveliswa kwezixhobo zokutshiza kunye ne-spark nickel yecandelo le-automotive kwi-industrial sector. -i-alloys esekwe kunye namanqaku e-electroplated asetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwi-kitchenware, izixhobo ze-ballroom, iimpahla zeshishini lokutya, umbane, ucingo kunye nentambo, ii-jet turbines, implants zotyando, amalaphu, kunye nokwakhiwa kweenqanawa5. ugqabhuko-dubulo lwe-canic, uhlaza, imililo yamahlathi, kunye neenkqubo zejoloji;nangona kunjalo, imithombo ye-anthropogenic ibandakanya i-nickel / cadmium iibhetri kwi-industry yensimbi, i-electroplating, i-arc welding, i-diesel kunye ne-oyile ye-fuel, kunye ne-atmospheric emissions evela ekutshisweni kwamalahle kunye nenkunkuma kunye nokutshisa i-sludge accumulation ye-Nickel7,8.Ngokutsho kwe-Freedman kunye ne-Hundchinson9 kunye ne-Manyiwa et.I-10, imithombo ephambili yongcoliseko lomhlaba ongaphezulu kwindawo esondeleyo kunye nekufutshane nayo ininzi i-nickel-copper-based smelters kunye nemigodi. 11.Ngokutsho kwe-Alms et al.I-12, isixa se-nickel ye-HNO3-extractable kumhlaba ophezulu olimekayo wengingqi (imveliso ye-nickel eRashiya) yayisuka kwi-6.25 ukuya kwi-136.88 mg / kg, ehambelana nenani le-30.43 mg / kg kunye nesiseko soxinaniso lwe-25 mg / kg.Ngokutsho kwe-kabata 11, ukusetyenziswa kwezityalo ze-fosforasi ze-urban ngexesha lezolimo zasezidolophini ze-phosphorus ukucwina okanye ukungcolisa umhlaba.Imiphumo enokubakho ye-nickel kubantu inokukhokelela kumhlaza ngenxa ye-mutagenesis, umonakalo we-chromosomal, i-Z-DNA isizukulwana, i-DNA evaliweyo ukulungiswa kwe-excision, okanye iinkqubo ze-epigenetic13.Kwizilingo zezilwanyana, i-nickel ifunyenwe inamandla okwenza iindidi ze-tumor, kwaye i-carcinogenic nickel complexes inokwandisa izicubu ezinjalo.
Uvavanyo lokungcoliseka komhlaba luye lwanda kumaxesha amva nje ngenxa yoluhlu olubanzi lwemiba enxulumene nempilo evela kubudlelwane bezityalo zomhlaba, umhlaba kunye nobudlelwane bebhayoloji yomhlaba, ukuthotywa kwe-ecological, kunye novavanyo lwempembelelo yokusingqongileyo.Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, uqikelelo lwendawo yezinto ezinokuthi zibe yityhefu (PTEs) ezifana ne-Ni emhlabeni iye yanzima kwaye idla ixesha elininzi kunye nokuphucula umhlaba ophuculweyo we-DS5M. imephu yomhlaba (PSM) t al.I-17 ichaza ukuba i-DSM yangoku okanye i-PSM yeyona ndlela isebenzayo yokuqikelela okanye imephu yokusasazwa kwendawo ye-PTEs, iintlobo zomhlaba kunye neempawu zomhlaba.I-Geostatistics kunye ne-Machine Learning Algorithms (MLA) ziindlela ze-DSM zemodeli ezenza iimephu zedijithali ngoncedo lweekhompyutha usebenzisa idatha ebalulekileyo kunye nencinci.
I-Deuts18 kunye ne-Olea19 zichaza i-geostatistics “njengengqokelela yeendlela zobuchule zamanani ezijongana nokumelwa kweempawu zendawo, ikakhulu zisebenzisa iimodeli zestochastic, ezinje ngendlela uhlahlelo lwexesha olubonisa ngayo idatha yexeshana.”Ngokuyintloko, i-geostatistics ibandakanya uvavanyo lwee-variograms, ezivumela ukulinganisa kunye nokuchaza ukuxhomekeka kwamaxabiso esithuba ukusuka kwi-dataset nganye20.Gumiaux et al.I-20 ibonise ngakumbi ukuba ukuvavanywa kwe-variograms kwi-geostatistics isekelwe kwimigaqo emithathu, kubandakanywa (a) ukubala isikali sokulungelelaniswa kwedatha, (b) ukuchonga kunye ne-computing anisotropy kwi-dataset disparity kunye (c) ukongeza kwi-Ukongeza ekuthatheleni ingqalelo impazamo engokwemvelo yokulinganisa idatha eyahlulwe kwiziphumo ezisetyenzisiweyo kwi-international imiphumo yengingqi, i-international effect iphinda isetyenziswe kwi-international data. izibalo, kuquka kriging jikelele, co-kriging, kriging eqhelekileyo, empirical Bayesian kriging, indlela kriging elula kunye nezinye iindlela ezaziwayo-kakuhle interpolation ubuchule imephu okanye ukuqikelela PTE, iimpawu zomhlaba, kunye neendidi zomhlaba.
Machine Learning Algorithms (MLA) bubuchule obutsha ngokwentelekiso osebenzisa iiklasi ezinkulu zedatha non-linear, ziphenjelelwa algorithms ngokuyintloko esetyenziselwa imigodi data, ukuchonga iipateni data, kwaye ngokuphindaphindiweyo isetyenziswe kuhlelo kwiinkalo zenzululwazi ezifana nenzululwazi yomhlaba kunye nokubuyisela imisebenzi.Amaphepha ophando amaninzi axhomekeke kwiimodeli ze-MLA ukuqikelela i-PTE kwimihlaba, efana ne-Tan et al.I-22 (amahlathi angaqhelekanga oqikelelo lwentsimbi enzima kwimihlaba yezolimo), Sakizadeh et al.I-23 (umzekelo usebenzisa oomatshini be-vector yenkxaso kunye nothungelwano lwe-neural eyenziweyo) ukungcoliswa komhlaba) .Ukongezelela, i-Vega et al.I-24 (I-CART yokwenza imodeli yokugcinwa kwesinyithi esinzima kunye ne-adsorption emhlabeni) I-Sun et al.I-25 (ukusetyenziswa kwe-cubist kukusasazwa kwe-Cd emhlabeni) kunye nezinye iindlela zokuziphatha ezifana nommelwane okufutshane no-k, ukuhlehla okwandisiweyo ngokubanzi, kunye nokunciphisa i-boosted Trees kwakhona kusetyenziswa i-MLA ukuqikelela i-PTE emhlabeni.
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-algorithms ye-DSM ekuqikeleleni okanye kwimephu ijongene nemingeni emininzi.Ababhali abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba i-MLA iphezulu kwi-geostatistics kunye ne-vice versa.Nangona enye ingcono kunomnye, ukudibanisa kwezi zibini ziphucula izinga lokuchaneka kwemephu okanye ukubikezela kwi-DSM15.Woodcock kunye neGopal26 Finke27;I-Pontius kunye ne-Cheuk28 kunye ne-Grunwald29 baphawula malunga neentsilelo kunye neempazamo ezithile kwimephu yomhlaba eqikelelweyo.Iinzululwazi zomhlaba ziye zazama iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuphucula ukusebenza, ukuchaneka, kunye nokuqikelelwa kwemephu ye-DSM kunye noqikelelo.Ukudibanisa ukungaqiniseki kunye nokuqinisekiswa yenye yezinto ezininzi ezahlukeneyo ezidityanisiweyo kwi-DSM kunye nokunciphisa i-alfectye.15 ichaza ukuba ukuziphatha kokuqinisekisa kunye nokungaqiniseki okuvezwe ngokuyilwa kweemephu kunye noqikelelo kufuneka kuqinisekiswe ngokuzimeleyo ukuze kuphuculwe umgangatho wemephu.Imida ye-DSM kungenxa yomgangatho womhlaba osasazwe ngokwejografi, obandakanya icandelo lokungaqiniseki;nangona kunjalo, ukungabikho kwengqiniseko kwi-DSM kunokuvela kwimithombo emininzi yephutha, oko kukuthi impazamo ye-covariate, impazamo yomzekelo, impazamo yendawo, kunye nemposiso yohlalutyo 31. Ukungachaneki kweModelling eyenziwe kwi-MLA kunye neenkqubo ze-geostatistical zihambelana nokungaqondi, ekugqibeleni kukhokelela ekugqithiseni kwenkqubo yokwenyani32. izibikezelo, okanye i-interpolation33.Kutshanje, kuye kwavela umkhwa omtsha we-DSM okhuthaza ukuhlanganiswa kwe-geostatistics kunye ne-MLA kwimephu kunye nokubikezela.Iinzululwazi ezininzi zomhlaba kunye nababhali, njengoSergeev et al.34;I-Subbotina et al.35;Tarasov et al.36 kunye noTarasov et al.Abangama-37 basebenzise umgangatho ochanekileyo we-geostatistics kunye nokufunda koomatshini ukuvelisa iimodeli ezixubileyo eziphucula ukusebenza kakuhle koqikelelo kunye nemephu.Umgangatho.Ukuzi-i-algoridid okanye iimodeli ze-algorithm ze-algoriting i-Kriging yeNethiwekhi (i-Annp-RK), iNethiwekhi yeNeunting ye-Griging ye-36, i-Gr-KMENTE YAYENZA INDLELA YOKUZIPHATHA (i-ANTA-K. phendula nge-3
NgokukaSergeev et al., ukudibanisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokubumba kunamandla okuphelisa iziphene kunye nokwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwesiphumo semodeli ye-hybrid kunokuba kuphuhliswe imodeli yayo enye. Kulo mxholo, eli phepha litsha lixoxa ukuba kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa i-algorithm edibeneyo ye-geostatistics kunye ne-MLA ukudala imifuziselo efanelekileyo ye-hybrid ukuqikelela i-Ni enrichment kwi-urban and periucal study on the KEBURBY. imodeli kwaye uyixube kunye noMatshini weVector yeNkxaso (SVM) kunye neMininzi yeMila eRegression (MLR) imifuziselo.Hybridization ye-EBK nayo nayiphi na iMLA akwaziwa.Imifuziselo exutyiweyo emininzi ebonwayo yindibaniselwano yesiqhelo, intsalela, ikriging yobuyiselo, kunye ne-MLA.EBK yigeostatistical interpolation method esebenzisa inkqubo ye-spatiallyized localized parameters phezu kwentsimi, ukuvumela ukwahluka kwendawo39.EBK isetyenziswe kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zezifundo, kuquka ukuhlalutya ukusasazwa kwekhabhoni yendalo kwimihlaba yasefama40, ukuvavanya ukungcoliseka komhlaba41 kunye neepropati zemephu yomhlaba42.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-Self-Organising Graph (SeOM) yi-algorithm yokufunda esetyenziswe kumanqaku ahlukeneyo afana noLi et al.43, Wang et al.44, Hossain Bhuiyan et al.45 kunye noKebonye et al.46 Ukumisela iimpawu zendawo kunye nokuhlelwa kwezinto.Wang et al.I-44 ichaza ukuba i-SeOM yindlela yokufunda enamandla eyaziwayo ngokukwazi ukuhlanganisa kunye nokucinga iingxaki ezingezona umgca.Ngokungafaniyo nezinye iindlela zokuqaphela iipatheni ezifana nokuhlalutya kwenqununu yecandelo, ukuhlanganisana okungaqondakaliyo, ukuhlanganiswa kwe-hierarchical, kunye nokwenziwa kwezigqibo ezininzi, i-SeOM ingcono ekuququzeleleni nasekuchongeni iipatheni ze-PTE.I-44, i-SeOM inokwenza iqela lendawo yokusabalalisa i-neurons ehambelanayo kwaye ibonelele ngokubonwa kwedatha ephezulu.
Eli phepha lijolise ekuveliseni imodeli yemephu eyomeleleyo ngokuchaneka okuphezulu kokuqikelelwa komxholo we-nickel kwimihlaba yasezidolophini nakwimimandla yedolophu. Siqikelela ukuba ukuthembeka kwemodeli edibeneyo kuxhomekeke ikakhulu kwimpembelelo yezinye iimodeli ezincanyathiselwe kwimodeli yesiseko.Ngoko ke, siya kuzama ukuphendula imibuzo yophando enokuthi ivelise imizekelo exubeneyo.Nangona kunjalo, ichaneke kangakanani imodeli ekuqikeleleni into ekujoliswe kuyo?Kwakhona, lithini inqanaba lovavanyo olusebenzayo olusekwe kungqinisiso kunye novavanyo oluchanekileyo?Ngoko ke, iinjongo ezithile zolu phononongo yayikuku (a) ukudala imodeli edibeneyo yomxube we-SVMR okanye iMLR usebenzisa i-EBK (c) uthelekise imodeli yoxinaniso kwimodeli yoxinaniso ye-EBK (c) uthelekise imodeli ye-pro imihlaba yasezidolophini okanye ekufutshane nedolophu , kunye (d) nokusetyenziswa kwe-SeOM ukuyila imephu enesisombululo esiphezulu sokwahluka kwesithuba senikeli.
Uphononongo lwenziwa kwiRiphabhliki yaseCzech, ngokukodwa kwisithili saseFrydek Mistek kwingingqi yaseMoravia-Silesian (jonga umfanekiso 1) .Ijografi yendawo yophononongo inzima kakhulu kwaye ubukhulu becala iyinxalenye yengingqi yaseMoravia-Silesian Beskidy, eyinxalenye yomngcelele ongaphandle weeNtaba zeCarpathian.Indawo yophononongo iphakathi kwe-N1′10 ° kunye ne-N1'19 ° 4 kunye ne-0 ° ′ 149 ° ′ 49 ° ′ kunye ne-0 ′ 19 ° ′ . ukuphakama kuphakathi kwe-225 kunye ne-327 m;nangona kunjalo, inkqubo yokuhlelwa kweKoppen yemeko yemozulu yommandla inikwe umlinganiselo njengeCfb = imozulu epholileyo yolwandle, Kukho imvula eninzi nangeenyanga ezomileyo.Amaqondo obushushu ahluka kancinci unyaka wonke phakathi -5 °C kunye nama-24 °C, kunqabile ukuba abe ngaphantsi -14 °C okanye ngaphezulu kwe-avareji ye-30 °C kunye ne-5 °C eqikelelwa kwi-5 620 ngonyaka. Ummandla wendawo yonke yi-1,208 yeekhilomitha zeekhilomitha, kunye ne-39.38% yomhlaba olinywayo kunye ne-49.36% ye-coverage yehlathi.Kwelinye icala, indawo esetyenziswe kolu phononongo malunga ne-889.8 yeekhilomitha square.In kunye ne-Ostrava, imboni yensimbi kunye nemisebenzi yesinyithi iyasebenza kakhulu. sion) kunye neentsimbi ze-alloy (i-nickel ikwandisa amandla e-alloy ngelixa igcina i-ductility yayo enhle kunye nokuqina), kunye nezolimo ezinzulu ezifana nesicelo se-phosphate fertilizer kunye nemveliso yemfuyo yimithombo yophando enokubakho ye-nickel kummandla (umzekelo, ukongeza i-nickel kumatakane ukunyusa amazinga okukhula kumatakane kunye neenkomo eziphantsi zondliwe) . Iipropathi zomhlaba zibonakala ngokulula kumbala womhlaba, ubume, kunye nesiqulatho secarbonate. Ubume bomhlaba buphakathi ukuya kocolekileyo, buphuma kwinto yomzali. Ziyi-colluvial, i-alluvial okanye i-aeolian ngokwendalo.Eminye imimandla yomhlaba ibonakala inamabala kumphezulu kunye ne-subsoil, ihlala ikhonkrithi kunye ne-bleaching. Nangona kunjalo, ii-cambisols kunye ne-stagnosols zezona ndawo zixhaphakileyo kwi-elevation4 kwingingqi ye-48 ukusuka kwi-48 imimandla ukusuka kwi-48 imimandla ye-5. 5 m, iicambisol zilawula iRiphabhliki yaseCzech49.
Imephu yendawo yokufunda [Imephu yendawo yokufunda yenziwe kusetyenziswa i-ArcGIS Desktop (ESRI, Inc, inguqulelo 10.7, URL: https://desktop.arcgis.com).]
Iisampulu ze-115 zomhlaba eziphezulu zifunyenwe kwimihlaba yasezidolophini kunye ne-peri-urban kwisithili saseFrydek Mistek.Ipateni yesampula esetyenzisiweyo yayiyigridi eqhelekileyo kunye neesampuli zomhlaba ezihlukaniswe i-2 × 2 km ngaphandle, kwaye umhlaba ongaphezulu ulinganiswe kubunzulu be-0 ukuya kwi-20 cm usebenzisa isixhobo se-GPS esibanjwe ngesandla (i-Leica Zeno 5 ipakishwe ngokufanelekileyo kwi-lab ye-GPS, i-lab epakishwe ngokufanelekileyo kwi-GPS). .Iisampulu zomiswe ngomoya ukuze zivelise iisampuli ezixutyiweyo, zixutywe yinkqubo yomatshini (i-Fritsch disc mill), kunye ne-sieved (ubukhulu be-sieve 2 mm) . Beka i-1 gram yeesampuli zomhlaba ezomisiweyo, i-homogenized kunye ne-sieved kwiibhotile ze-teflon ezibhalwe ngokucacileyo. enye yeasidi nganye), gubungela kancinci kwaye uvumele iisampulu ukuba zime ngobusuku ngenxa yokusabela (iprogram ye-aqua regia) .Beka i-supernatant kwipleyiti yentsimbi eshushu (ubushushu: 100 W kunye ne-160 °C) ye-2 h ukuququzelela inkqubo yokwetyisa iisampulu, emva koko uphole.Ukugqithisela i-supernatant kwi-50 ml ye-diskrafti yokucoca kunye ne-50 ml ye-diskrafti yokucoca amanzi kunye ne-50 mllluteluft. i-supernatant kwi-tube ye-PVC ye-50 ml kunye namanzi ahlanjululweyo. Ukongezelela, i-1 ml yesisombululo se-dilution yaxutywa nge-9 ml yamanzi adibeneyo kwaye yahluzwa kwi-tube ye-12 ml elungiselelwe i-PTE pseudo-concentration.I-concentrations ye-PTEs (Njengoko, i-Cd, i-Cr, i-Cu, i-Mn, i-Ni, i-Plad, i-Mgn, i-Plad, i-Mgn, i-Pladive, i-KCP, i-Mgn, i-Plad, i-KCP, i-PTE, i-Plad ma Optical Emission Spectroscopy) (Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA) ngokweendlela eziqhelekileyo kunye nesivumelwano.Ukuqinisekisa uQinisekiso loMgangatho kunye noLawulo (QA / QC) iinkqubo (SRM NIST 2711a Montana II Soil) .Ii-PTEs ezinemida yokufumanisa ngaphantsi kwesiqingatha zazingabandakanywanga kulolu cwaningo.Umda wokufumanisa we-PTE.0u000 . kuqinisekiswa ngokuhlalutya imigangatho yereferensi.Ukuqinisekisa ukuba iimpazamo zincitshisiwe, uhlalutyo oluphindwe kabini lwenziwa.
I-Empirical Bayesian Kriging (EBK) yenye yeendlela ezininzi zokuguqulela ze-geostatistical ezisetyenziswa kwimodeli kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo ezifana nenzululwazi yomhlaba.Ngokungafaniyo nezinye iindlela zokudibanisa ikriging, i-EBK iyahluka kwiindlela zekriging zemveli ngokuqwalasela impazamo eqikelelwayo yimodeli yesemivariogram.Kwi-EBK uguqulelo, iindlela ezininzi zokudibanisa i-semipovariogram ngexesha le-semivariogram enye zenza iimodeli ze-semipovariogram enye. indlela yokungaqiniseki kunye nenkqubo eyayanyaniswa noku kucwangciswa kwesemivariogram eyenza indawo entsonkothileyo yendlela eyaneleyo yekriging. Inkqubo yofakelo ye-EBK ilandela iindlela ezintathu ezicetywayo nguKrivoruchko50, (a) umfuziselo uqikelela isemivariogram ukusuka kwisethi yedatha yegalelo (b) ixabiso elitsha eliqikelelweyo lesiseko sedatha esekwe kwisethingi yedatha eqikelelweyo kunye neseti yedatha eqikelelweyo kunye neseti yedatha exeliweyo Idatha edibeneyo
Apho \(Prob\left(A\right)\) imele okuphambili, \(Prob\left(B\right)\) amathuba omda ahoywa kumaxesha amaninzi, \(Prob (B,A)\ ) .Ubalo lwesemivariogram lusekwe kumgaqo weBayes, obonisa ukuthambekela kokuqwalaselwa kokuqwalaselwa kwedatha I-semiovaries yemithetho enokuthi yenziwe kwi-Bay semiovaris. exela ukuba kunokwenzeka kangakanani ukwenza iseti yedatha yoqwalaselo ukusuka kwisemivariogram.
Umatshini we-vector yenkxaso yi-algorithm yokufunda yomatshini eyenza i-hyperplane yokwahlula ngokufanelekileyo ukwahlula iiklasi ezifanayo kodwa ezingekho ngomgca ezizimeleyo.I-Vapnik51 idale i-algorithm yokuhlelwa kwenjongo, kodwa isetyenziswe kutshanje ukusombulula iingxaki ezijoliswe kwi-regression.Ngokutsho kwe-Li et al.52, i-SVM yenye yezona ndlela zibalaseleyo zohlulahlulo lwe-classifier kunye ne-SVMsgress fields isetyenzisiwe. ion - SVMR) isetyenziswe kolu hlalutyo.I-Cherkassky kunye ne-Mulier53 i-SVMR yobuvulindlela njenge-kernel-based regression, i-comutation eyenziwa ngokusebenzisa imodeli yokunciphisa umgca kunye nemisebenzi yamazwe amaninzi.I-55, i-epsilon (ε) -SVMR isebenzisa i-dataset eqeqeshiweyo ukufumana imodeli yokumela njengomsebenzi we-epsilon-insensitive esetyenziselwa ukwenza imephu yedatha ngokuzimeleyo ngeyona ndlela ingcono ye-epsilon bias ukusuka kuqeqesho kwidatha ehambelanayo.Impazamo yomgama esetyenzisiweyo ayihoywa kwixabiso langempela, kwaye ukuba impazamo inkulu kuno-ε(ε), i-substrate yedatha yenkxaso ye-substance yokunciphisa imodeli ye-subcomplex yokunciphisa imodeli ye-substance yedatha ihlawulela imodeli yenkxaso ebanzi ye-vector. s.Inxaki ecetywayo yiVapnik51 iboniswe ngezantsi.
apho b imele i-scalar threshold, \(K\left({x}_{,}{ x}_{k}\right)\) imele umsebenzi wekernel, \(\alpha\) imele iLagrange multiplier, N Imele iseti yedatha yamanani, \({x}_{k}\) imele igalelo ledatha, kwaye \(y\n\M) yidatha yedatha esetyenziswayo, kwaye \.iOrd yedatha esetyenziswayo umsebenzi wesiseko se-radial (RBF) .I-kernel ye-RBF isetyenziselwa ukumisela imodeli ye-SVMR efanelekileyo, eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekufumaneni isohlwayo esifihlakeleyo se-C kunye ne-kernel parameter gamma (γ) yedatha yoqeqesho lwe-PTE.Okokuqala, sivavanye isethi yoqeqesho emva koko sivavanya imodeli yokusebenza kwisethi yokuqinisekisa.I-parameter yokulawula i-radima yendlela esetyenziswayo yi-sigima.
Imodeli yokubuyisela imigca emininzi (MLR) imodeli yokubuyisela imodeli emele ubudlelwane phakathi kwenguquko yempendulo kunye nenani leenguqu ze-predictor ngokusebenzisa i-linear pooled parameters ezibalwe kusetyenziswa indlela ye-square encinci.Kwi-MLR, imodeli yesikwere esincinci ngumsebenzi oqikelelwayo weempawu zomhlaba emva kokukhethwa kwezinto ezichazayo.Kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa impendulo ukuseka umgca wenkcazo esetyenzisiweyo i-explanation ye-explanation ye-explanaar. tory variables.Inxaki ye-MLR yi
apho u-y yimpendulo eguquguqukayo, \(a\) yi-intercept, n linani lezinto eziqikelelwayo, \({b}_{1}\) lubuyiselo olungaphelelanga lwe-coefficients, \({x}_{i}\) imele ipredictor okanye ingcaciso eguquguqukayo, kwaye \({\varepsilon }_{i}\) imele impazamo eyaziwa ngokuba yimodeli.
Imifuziselo exutyiweyo yafunyanwa ngokuxutywa kwe-EBK kunye ne-SVMR kunye ne-MLR. Oku kwenziwa ngokukhupha amaxabiso aqikelelweyo ukusuka kwi-EBK interpolation.Amaxabiso aqikelelweyo afunyenwe kwi-interpolated Ca, K, kunye ne-Mg afunyenwe ngenkqubo yokudibanisa ukufumana izinto ezintsha, ezifana neCaK, iCaMg, kunye ne-KMg. iinguqu ezifunyenweyo ziyi-Ca, K, Mg, CaK, CaMg, KMg kunye ne-CaKMg. Ezi ziguquguqukayo zaba zizibikezelo zethu, zinceda ukuqikelela ukugxininiswa kwe-nickel kwiindawo ezisezidolophini kunye ne-peri-urban.I-algorithm ye-SVMR yenziwa kwii-predictors ukufumana imodeli edibeneyo ye-Empirical Bayesian Kriging-Support Vector Machine (EBK_lySVM) iphinde ifumane i-pipemilar exubileyo kwimodeli ye-Empiri, i-algorithm ye-empiri. I-Bayesian Kriging-Multiple Linear Regression (EBK_MLR). Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-variables Ca, K, Mg, CaK, CaMg, KMg, kunye ne-CaKMg zisetyenziswa njenge-covariates njengezibikezelo zomxholo we-Ni kwimihlaba yasezidolophini kunye ne-peri-urban.Eyona modeli yamkelekileyo efunyenweyo (EBK_SVM okanye i-EBK_SVM okanye i-EBKM ibonakaliswe ngokusebenza ngokubonakalayo kwi-Fib_R). gqaba 2.
Ukusebenzisa i-SeOM ibe sisixhobo esidumileyo sokulungelelanisa, ukuvavanya, kunye nokubikezela idatha kwicandelo lezemali, ukhathalelo lwempilo, imboni, izibalo, isayensi yomhlaba, kunye nokunye.I-SeOM idalwe ngokusebenzisa amanethiwekhi e-neural okwenziwayo kunye neendlela zokufunda ezingalawulwayo zombutho, ukuvavanya, kunye nokubikezela.Kulu cwaningo, i-SeOM yayisetyenziselwa ukujonga i-Niconcentrations ye-Ni kwi-predictioning ye-Ni imodeli kwi-period yedatha ye-Niurban esekelwe kwi-period yedatha ye-Niurban. Uqingqo-maxabiso lusetyenziswa njenge-n input-dimensional vector variables43,56.Melssen et al.I-57 ichaza uxhulumaniso lwe-input vector kwinethiwekhi ye-neural ngokusebenzisa i-input input layer kwi-vector ye-output kunye ne-vector eyodwa yobunzima.Imveliso eyenziwa yi-SeOM yimephu ye-dimensional-dimensional equkethe i-neurons eyahlukeneyo okanye i-nodes ezilukiweyo kwiimephu ze-hexagonal, i-circular, okanye i-square topological map ngokusondele. I-86 kunye ne-0.904, ngokulandelanayo, ikhethiweyo, eyiyunithi yemephu ye-55 (5 × 11) .Isakhiwo se-neuron sinqunywe ngokwenani leenodi kwi-empical equation.
Inani ledatha esetyenzisiweyo kolu phononongo ziisampuli ze-115. Indlela engacwangciswanga isetyenziselwe ukwahlula idatha kwidatha yovavanyo (25% yokuqinisekiswa) kunye neeseti zedatha yoqeqesho (75% yokulinganisa).Idathasethi yoqeqesho isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa imodeli yohlengahlengiso (ulungelelwaniso), kwaye idatha yovavanyo isetyenziselwa ukungqinisisa amandla okwenziwa ngokubanzi58.Oku kwenziwa ukuvavanya imifuziselo eyahlukeneyo esetyenzisiweyo yomhlaba. -inkqubo yokuqinisekisa, iphindwe kahlanu.Iinguqu eziveliswa yi-EBK interpolation zisetyenziselwa ukuqikelela okanye ukuguquguquka okuchazayo ukuqikelela ukuguquguquka okujoliswe kuyo (PTE) .Imodeli iphathwa kwi-RStudio usebenzisa ilayibrari yeephakheji (Kohonen), ilayibrari (caret), ilayibrari (modelr), ilayibrari ("e1071"), ilayibrari ("plyr"), ilayibrari ("ilayibrari"), ilayibrari ("ithala leencwadi"), ilayibrari ("ilayibrari"), ilayibrari ("ilayibrari"), ilayibrari ("ilayibrari").
Iiparameters ezahlukeneyo zokuqinisekisa zisetyenziselwe ukugqiba imodeli efanelekileyo yokuqikelela ukugxininiswa kwe-nickel emhlabeni kunye nokuvavanya ukuchaneka kwemodeli kunye nokuqinisekiswa kwayo.Iimodeli ze-Hybridization zavandlakanywa kusetyenziswa impazamo epheleleyo (MAE), i-root mean square error (RMSE), kunye ne-R-squared okanye coefficient determination (R2) . ubukhulu be-ance kumanyathelo azimeleyo achaza amandla okuqikelelwa komzekelo, ngelixa i-MAE inquma ixabiso langempela lobungakanani.Ixabiso le-R2 kufuneka libe phezulu ukuvavanya imodeli engcono kakhulu yomxube usebenzisa iiparitha zokuqinisekisa, ixabiso elisondeleyo kwi-1, liphezulu ukuchaneka.Ngokutsho kweLi et al.59, ixabiso lekhrayitheriya ye-R2 ye-0.75 okanye ngaphezulu ithathwa njengento efanelekileyo yokuqikelela;ukusuka kwi-0.5 ukuya kwi-0.75 imodeli yokusebenza eyamkelekileyo, kwaye ngaphantsi kwe-0.5 ayivumelekanga ukusebenza kwemodeli.Xa ukhetha imodeli usebenzisa i-RMSE kunye ne-MAE yokuqinisekisa iindlela zokuvavanya iindlela zokuvavanya, amaxabiso aphantsi afunyenweyo anele kwaye athathwa njengeyona nto ingcono kakhulu.I-equation elandelayo ichaza indlela yokuqinisekisa.
apho i-n imele ubungakanani bexabiso elijongiweyo\({Y}_{i}\) imele impendulo elinganisiweyo, kwaye \({\widehat{Y}}_{i}\) ikwamele ixabiso lempendulo eqikelelweyo, ngoko ke, kuqwalaselo lokuqala i.
Iinkcazo zezibalo ze-predictor kunye neenguqu zempendulo zinikezelwe kwiThebhile 1, ebonisa intsingiselo, ukuphambuka okusemgangathweni (SD), i-coefficient of variation (CV), ubuncinane, ubuninzi, i-kurtosis, kunye ne-skewness.Ubuncinane kunye nobuninzi bexabiso lezinto eziphantsi komyalelo wokuncipha we-Mg
Ukulungelelaniswa kwezinto eziguquguqukayo ze-predictor kunye nezinto zokuphendula zibonise ukulungelelaniswa okwanelisayo phakathi kwezinto (jonga uMfanekiso 3) Ulungelelwaniso lubonise ukuba i-CaK ibonise ukulungelelaniswa okuphakathi kunye nexabiso le-r = 0.53, njengoko kwenza i-CaNi. Nangona i-Ca kunye no-K bebonisa ubudlelwane obuthobekileyo kunye nomnye, abaphandi abafana no-Kingston et al.I-68 kunye ne-Santo69 zibonisa ukuba amanqanaba abo emhlabeni aphikisana ngokungafaniyo.Nangona kunjalo, i-Ca kunye ne-Mg iphikisana ne-K, kodwa i-CaK idibanisa kakuhle.Oku kunokuthi kube ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwezichumisi ezifana ne-potassium carbonate, eyi-56% ephezulu kwi-potassium.I-Potassium yayihambelana ngokulinganayo kunye ne-magnesium (KM6 kufutshane ne-magnesium sulfuri, ezi zinto zimbini zihambelana ne-potassium). te, potassium magnesium nitrate, kunye nepotash zisetyenziswa kwimihlaba ukwandisa amanqanaba abo ukuswela.Nickel ephakathi ehambelana Ca, K kunye Mg kunye amaxabiso r = 0.52, 0.63 kunye 0.55, ngokulandelanayo.Ubudlelwane ezibandakanya calcium, magnesium, kunye PTEs ezifana nickel nickel zintsonkothile, magnesium abne, imiphumo ye-calcium, abnesorbit kunye nokunciphisa i-calcium. zombini i-magnesium kunye ne-calcium zinciphisa iziphumo eziyityhefu ze-nickel emhlabeni.
I-matrix yokulungelelanisa izinto ezibonisa ubudlelwane phakathi kwee-predictors kunye neempendulo (Qaphela: lo mfanekiso uquka i-scatterplot phakathi kwezinto, amanqanaba okubaluleka asekelwe kwi-p <0,001).
Isazobe sesi-4 sibonakalisa usasazo lwendawo yezinto.NgokukaBurgos et al70, ukusetyenziswa konikezelo lwesithuba bubuchule obusetyenziselwa ukulinganisa nokuqaqambisa iindawo ezishushu kwiindawo ezingcolisekileyo.Amanqanaba okutyebisa kweCa kumfanekiso wesi-4 anokubonwa kumntla-ntshona wemephu yosasazo lwesithuba.Umfanekiso ubonisa ukutyetyiswa kwekhalsiyam ephakathi kwimaphu ephakathi ngenxa yokutyeba kweCap. ukusetyenziswa kwe-quicklime (i-calcium oxide) ukunciphisa ubumuncu bomhlaba kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo kwiintsimbi zentsimbi njengeoksijini yealkaline kwinkqubo yokwenza intsimbi.Kwelinye icala, amanye amafama akhetha ukusebenzisa i-calcium hydroxide kwimihlaba ene-acidic ukuze ingathathi hlangothi i-pH, ekwanyusa isiqulatho se-calcium somhlaba71.Potassium ikwabonisa iindawo ezishushu kumntla-ntshona nasempumalanga yemephu. s.Oku kuhambelana nezinye izifundo, ezifana ne-Madaras kunye ne-Lipavský72, i-Madaras et al.73, i-Pulkrabová et al.74, i-Asare et al.75, eyaqaphela ukuba ukuzinza komhlaba kunye nonyango kunye ne-KCl kunye ne-NPK kubangele umxholo ophezulu we-K emhlabeni.Ukutyetyiswa kwe-Spatial Potassium kumntla-ntshona wemephu yokuhanjiswa kunokuba ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwezichumisi ezisekelwe kwi-potassium ezifana ne-potassium chloride, i-potassium sulfate, i-nitrate ye-potassium, i-potash, kunye ne-potash ukwandisa umxholo we-potassium wemihlaba ehluphekileyo.Zádorová et al.76 kunye noTlustoš et al.I-77 ichaze ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwezichumisi ezisekelwe kwi-K kwandisa umxholo we-K emhlabeni kwaye kuya kwandisa kakhulu isiqulatho sesondlo somhlaba ekuhambeni kwexesha, ngakumbi i-K kunye ne-Mg ebonisa indawo eshushu emhlabeni. Izityalo ezifana nepotassium magnesium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, kunye neKieserite, zinyangwa iintsilelo (izityalo zibonakala zimfusa, zibomvu, okanye zimdaka ngebala, nto leyo ebonisa ukunqongophala kwemagnesium) kwimihlaba enoluhlu lwepH oluqhelekileyo6.
Usasazo lwendawo yezinto [imephu yonikezelo lwesithuba yenziwe kusetyenziswa i-ArcGIS Desktop (ESRI, Inc, Version 10.7, URL: https://desktop.arcgis.com).]
Iziphumo zesalathisi sokusebenza kwemodeli yezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo kolu phononongo ziboniswe kwiThebhile 2. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-RMSE kunye ne-MAE ye-Ni zombini zisondele kwi-zero (0.86 RMSE, -0.08 MAE) . Ngakolunye uhlangothi, zombini i-RMSE kunye ne-MAE ixabiso le-K liyamkeleka. Iziphumo zeRMSE kunye ne-MAE zazinkulu kwi-calcium kunye ne-magnesium esetyenzisiweyo kunye neziphumo ze-MAE zedatha enkulu kunye ne-SERM yedatha enkulu kunye ne-SERM yedatha enkulu. olu pho nonongo olusebenzisa i-EBK ukuqikelela ukuba i-Ni yafunyanwa ingcono kuneziphumo zikaJohn et al.54 usebenzisa i-synergistic kriging ukuqikelela ugxininiso lwe-S emhlabeni usebenzisa idatha eqokelelweyo efanayo. Iziphumo ze-EBK esizifundileyo zihambelana nezo zikaFabijaczyk et al.41, Yan et al.79, Beguin et al.80, uAdhikary et al.81 kunye noYohane et al.82, ingakumbi uK noNi.
Ukusebenza kweendlela zomntu ngamnye zokuqikelela umxholo we-nickel kwimihlaba yasezidolophini kunye ne-peri-urban yavavanywa kusetyenziswa ukusebenza kweemodeli (Itheyibhile 3).Ukuqinisekiswa kwemodeli kunye novavanyo oluchanekileyo luqinisekisile ukuba i-Ca_Mg_K ixela kwangaphambili idityaniswe nemodeli ye-EBK SVMR inike umsebenzi ongcono kakhulu.Imposiso ye-Calibration imodeli ye-square imodeli ye-square, i-SVM_KRSE imodeli ye-square (SVM_KRM) imodeli ye-square ye-square (SVM_KRMR) imodeli ye-square ye-square (SVMR) imodeli ye-square ye-square (i-SVM_KR-EBK) I-MAE) yayiyi-0.637 (R2), i-95.479 mg / kg (RMSE) kunye ne-77.368 mg / kg (MAE) Ca_Mg_K-SVMR yayingu-0.663 (R2), 235.974 mg / kg (RMSE) kunye ne-166.946 mg / kg (i-MAE) efunyenweyo_ixabiso le-R2Mg efunyenweyo_Mg_Mg ye-R2_Mg elungileyo ye-SVM_Mg . 63 mg / kg R2) kunye neCa_Mg-EBK_SVMR (0.643 = R2);iziphumo zabo ze-RMSE kunye ne-MAE zaziphezulu kunezo ze-Ca_Mg_K-EBK_SVMR (R2 0.637) (jonga iThebhile 3) .Ukongezelela, i-RMSE kunye ne-MAE ye-Ca_Mg-EBK_SVMR (RMSE = 1664.64 kunye ne-MAE = 1031.49) imodeli enkulu kunye ne-13g_4 imodeli kunye ne-17. K-EBK_SVMR. Ngokukwanjalo, i-RMSE kunye ne-MAE ye-Ca_Mg-K SVMR (RMSE = 235.974 kunye ne-MAE = 166.946) imodeli ziyi-2.5 kunye ne-2.2 ezinkulu kunezo ze-Ca_Mg_K-EBK_SVMR RMSE kunye ne-MAE iziphumo zibonisa ukuba udidi oluphezulu lwedatha lubalwe njani nge-RMSE ngokulandelelana. I-RSME kunye ne-MAE zabonwa.Ngokutsho kukaKebonye et al.46 kunye noYohane et al.54, okukhona i-RMSE kunye ne-MAE zisondela kuqanda, kokukhona iziphumo ziba ngcono.SVMR kunye ne-EBK_SVMR zinexabiso eliphezulu le-RSME ne-MAE.Kwaphawulwa ukuba uqikelelo lwe-RSME lwaluthe gqolo luphezulu kunamaxabiso e-MAE, ebonisa ubukho babangaphandle.Ngokutsho kweLegates, i-McCabso ye-McCabe idlula impazamo ye-McCabe3 ukuya kwi-8 yeMcCabe) oku kucetyiswayo njengesalathiso sobukho bezinto eziphuma ngaphandle.Oku kuthetha ukuba okukhona uluhlu lwedatha lubanzi, kokukhona aphezulu amaxabiso e-MAE kunye ne-RMSE.Ukuchaneka kovavanyo lokuqinisekisa olunqamlezileyo lwemodeli exubeneyo ye-Ca_Mg_K-EBK_SVMR yokuqikelela umxholo we-Ni kwimihlaba yasezidolophini nakwidolophu ibe yi-63.70%.Ngokungqinelana ne-Li.I-59, eli nqanaba lokuchaneka liyimodeli yokusebenza eyamkelekileyo.Iziphumo ezikhoyo zifaniswa nesifundo sangaphambili sikaTarasov et al.I-36 imodeli yayo ye-hybride yakha i-MLPRK (i-Multilayer Perceptron Residual Kriging), ehambelana ne-EBK_SVMR yokuvavanya ukuchaneka kwesalathisi esichazwe kuphononongo lwangoku, i-RMSE (210) kunye ne-MAE (167.5) yayiphezulu kuneziphumo zethu kwisifundo samanje (RMSE 95.479, MAE68 i-R70 yangoku) . ukuba Tarasov et al.I-36 (0.544), kucacile ukuba i-coefficient of determination (R2) iphezulu kulo mzekelo oxubileyo. Umda wephutha (RMSE kunye ne-MAE) (EBK SVMR) yemodeli edibeneyo iphantsi kabini. Ngokufanayo, uSergeev et al.34 urekhode i-0.28 (R2) kwimodeli ephuhlisiwe ye-hybride imodeli ye-hybrid ye-Persidron6 ye-Recording yangoku i-Recording ye-Recording ye-Record6 ye-Recording yangoku (R2) .Inqanaba lokuchaneka kokuchaneka kwalo mzekelo (EBK SVMR) yi-63.7%, ngelixa ukuchaneka kokuchaneka okufunyenwe nguSergeev et al.I-34 yi-28%.Imephu yokugqibela (umzobo 5) idalwe kusetyenziswa imodeli ye-EBK_SVMR kunye ne-Ca_Mg_K njenge-predictor ibonisa ukuqikelelwa kweendawo ezishushu kunye ne-moderate to nickel kuyo yonke indawo yokufunda.Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuxinwa kwe-nickel kwindawo yophando ngokuyininzi kumodareyitha, kunye nokugxininiswa okuphezulu kwezinye iindawo ezithile.
Imephu yoqikelelo lokugqibela imelwe kusetyenziswa imodeli engumxube EBK_SVMR kwaye kusetyenziswa iCa_Mg_K njengoqikelelo.[Imephu yonikezelo yendawo yenziwe kusetyenziswa iRStudio (uguqulelo 1.4.1717: https://www.rstudio.com/).]
Iboniswe kwi-Figure 6 yi-PTE yogxininiso njengendiza yokuqulunqa equka i-neurons nganye.Akukho nanye kwiiplani zecandelo elibonisa ipateni yombala ofanayo njengoko kubonisiwe.Nangona kunjalo, inani elifanelekileyo lee-neurons kwimephu ezotyiweyo yi-55.SeOM iveliswa kusetyenziswa imibala eyahlukahlukeneyo, kwaye ifana ngakumbi iipatheni zombala, ukuthelekisa ngakumbi iipropati zeesampuli, iipatheni zombala ngamnye, ngokuhambelana nombala we-MCa kunye neempawu ezifanayo (ngokwe-MCa, umbala kunye nombala ofanayo). I-neurons ephezulu kunye nee-neurons ezininzi eziphantsi.Ngoko, i-CaK kunye ne-CaMg babelana ngokufana kunye ne-neurons ephezulu kakhulu kunye ne-low-to-moderate color pattern.Zombini iimodeli ziqikelela ukuxinana kwe-Ni emhlabeni ngokubonisa imibala ephakathi ukuya phezulu yemibala efana nebomvu, i-orenji kunye nephuzi. ipateni yombala ophezulu ebonisa ukuxinwa kwe-nickel emhlabeni (jonga i-Figure 4) .I-CakMg imodeli yecandelo lendiza ibonisa ipateni yombala eyahlukileyo ukusuka kwi-low ukuya phezulu ngokomlinganiselo ochanekileyo wombala.Ngaphezu koko, ukubikezelwa komzekelo we-nickel content (CakMg) ifana nokusabalalisa kwendawo ye-nickel eboniswe kwi-Figure 5. Imihlaba icwecwe ukuvumela ukutolikwa okuchanekileyo kweqela.Ngenxa yobuninzi beenkqubo zeanthropogenic kunye nezendalo ezichaphazela ukubunjwa komhlaba, kunzima ukwahlula ngokufanelekileyo iipateni zeqela kwimaphu esasaziweyo ye-SeOM78.
Imveliso yenqwelomoya yecandelo ngumatshini ngamnye we-Empirical Bayesian Kriging Support Vector Machine (EBK_SVM_SeOM) oguquguqukayo.[Iimephu zeSeOM zenziwe kusetyenziswa iRStudio (uguqulelo 1.4.1717: https://www.rstudio.com/).]
Amacandelo ahlukeneyo okuhlelwa kweqela [iimephu zeSeOM zenziwe kusetyenziswa i-RStudio (uguqulelo 1.4.1717: https://www.rstudio.com/).]
Uphononongo lwangoku lubonisa ngokucacileyo ubuchule bobuchwephesha bokugxininiswa kwenickel kumhlaba wasezidolophini nasekupheleni kwedolophu. Uphononongo luvavanye iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokubonisa, ukudibanisa izinto ezinobuchwephesha bomzekelo, ukufumana eyona ndlela ingcono yokuqikelela ugxininiso lwenickel emhlabeni.Iimpawu ze-SeOM zeplani yeplani yomhlaba yendlela yokwenza imodeli ibonise ipateni yombala ophezulu ukusuka ezantsi ukuya phezulu kwisikali se-spatidic yosasazo lomhlaba, iqinisekisa njani isicwangciso sombala we-spatidic. Unikezelo lwamacandelo abonakaliswe yi-EBK_SVMR (jonga umfanekiso wesi-5) .Iziphumo zibonisa ukuba imodeli yokubuyisela umatshini wevector yenkxaso (Ca Mg K-SVMR) iqikelela ukuxinana kwe-Ni emhlabeni njengomzekelo omnye, kodwa ukuqinisekiswa kunye nokuchaneka kweeparameters kubonisa iimpazamo eziphezulu kakhulu ngokwemigaqo ye-RMSE kunye ne-MAE.Kwelinye imodeli ye-employe ye-EBK ephantsi, enye imodeli ye-employe ye-EBK ephantsi. ye-coefficient of determination (R2) .Iziphumo ezilungileyo zifunyenwe ngokusebenzisa i-EBK SVMR kunye nezinto ezidibeneyo (CaKMg) kunye ne-RMSE ephantsi kunye neempazamo ze-MAE ngokuchaneka kwe-63.7% .Kuvela ukuba ukudibanisa i-algorithm ye-EBK kunye ne-algorithm yokufunda umatshini unokuvelisa i-algorithm ye-hybridi enokuthi iqikelele ukuxininiswa kweziphumo ze-Mg ezinokuthi ziqikelele ukuxininiswa kweziphumo ze-Mg ezinokuthi ziqikelele ukuxinzelela kweziphumo ze-PTEs ze-Mg zixela kwangaphambili i-concentration ye-PTEs kwi-Mg ixela kwangaphambili ukuba i-PTE iqikelele kwi-PTEs yomhlaba. ion ye-Ni kwimihlaba.Oku kuthetha ukuba ukusetyenziswa okuqhubekayo kwezichumisi ezisekelwe kwi-nickel kunye nongcoliseko lwemizi-mveliso yomhlaba ngoshishino lwentsimbi lunotyekelo lokunyusa ukuxinana kwe-nickel emhlabeni.Olu phononongo lubonise ukuba imodeli ye-EBK inokunciphisa inqanaba lempazamo kwaye iphucule ukuchaneka komzekelo wokusasazwa kwendawo yomhlaba kwidolophu okanye kwi-peri-urban, i-weBKM ixela kwangaphambili imodeli yomhlaba kwi-weBKTE. ;ukongeza, sicebisa ukusebenzisa i-EBK ukudibanisa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokufunda koomatshini.nangona kunjalo, ukusebenzisa i-covariates ezininzi kuya kuphucula kakhulu ukusebenza komzekelo, onokuthi kuthathelwe ingqalelo umda womsebenzi wangoku.Omnye umda wolu phononongo kukuba inani leedatha liyi-115.Ngoko ke, ukuba idatha eninzi inikezelwe, ukusebenza kwendlela ecetywayo ephuculweyo ye-hybridization inokuphuculwa.
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Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-22-2022