IJavascript ivaliwe okwangoku kwibrawuza yakho. Ezinye iifitsha zale webhusayithi aziyi kusebenza ukuba iJavaScript ivaliwe.
Bhalisa ngeenkcukacha zakho ezithile kunye neyeza elithile elinomdla, kwaye siya kuhambelana nolwazi osinika lona kunye namanqaku akwidathabheyisi yethu ebanzi kwaye sikuthumelele ikopi yePDF kwangoko.
Ukuqulunqwa kunye nokubonakaliswa kwe-chlorhexidine hydrochloride nanoemulsion njenge-antibacterial root canal irrigant ethembisayo: izifundo ze-in vitro kunye ne-ex vivo
作者 Abdelmonem R., Younis MK, Hassan DH, El-Sayed Ahmed MAEG, Hassanien E., El-Batuti K., Elfaham A.
Rehab Abdelmonem, 1 Mona K. Younis, 1 Doaa H. Hassan, 1 Mohamed Abd El-Gawad El-Sayed Ahmed, 2 Ehab Hassanein, 3 Kariem El-Batuti, 3 Alaa Elfaham 31 Science and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Industrial Pharmacy, 6 October City, Egypt; 2 ISebe leMicrobiology kunye ne-Immunology, i-Faculty of Pharmacy, iYunivesithi yaseMisr yeNzululwazi kunye neTekhnoloji, ngo-Oktobha 6, eYiputa; I-3 iSebe le-Endodontics, iYunivesithi yase-Ain Shams, i-Cairo, i-Egypt Intshayelelo kunye neNjongo: I-Chlorine hexidine hydrochloride [Chx.HCl] inomsebenzi obanzi we-antibacterial spectrum, isenzo eside kunye ne-toxicity ephantsi, ngoko ke iyanconywa njengento enokubakho i-root canal irrigant. Injongo yolu phononongo yayikukusebenzisa i-nanoemulsion entsha yokubunjwa kweChx.HCl ukwandisa amandla okungena, ukuhlanjululwa kunye nesenzo se-antibacterial ye-Chx.HCl kwaye siyisebenzise njengengcambu yokunkcenkceshela. Iindlela: I-Chx.HCl i-nanoemulsions yalungiswa ngokusebenzisa i-oyile ezimbini ezahlukeneyo: i-oleic acid kunye ne-Labrafil M1944CS, i-surfactants ezimbini, i-Tween 20 kunye ne-Tween 80, kunye ne-co-surfactant, i-propylene glycol. Yila umzobo wesigaba sepseudo-ternary ukubonisa eyona nkqubo ilungileyo. Ukuqulunqwa kwe-nanoemulsion okulungiselelwe kwavavanywa kumxholo weziyobisi, ixesha le-emulsification, i-dispersibility, ubukhulu be-droplet, ukukhutshwa kweziyobisi kwi-in vitro, ukuzinza kwe-thermodynamic, umsebenzi we-in vitro antibacterial, kunye nezifundo ze-vitro zeendlela ezikhethiweyo. Ukungena, ukuhlanjululwa kunye nesenzo se-antibacterial ye-Chx.HCl i-0.75% kunye ne-1.6% ye-nanoemulsion yafaniswa nobukhulu obuqhelekileyo be-particle njenge-root canal irrigant. Iziphumo. Ukuqulunqwa okukhethiweyo kwakuyi-F6 kunye ne-2% yeLabrafil, i-12% phakathi kwe-80 kunye ne-6% yepropylene glycol. Ubungakanani be-particle encinci (12.18 nm), ixesha elifutshane le-emulsification (imizuzwana ye-1.67) kunye nokutshatyalaliswa ngokukhawuleza emva kwemizuzu emi-2. Kuye kwafunyaniswa ukuba yinkqubo ye-thermodynamically / stable stable. Xa kuthelekiswa nobukhulu be-particle ye-Chx.HCl eqhelekileyo, i-concentration ephezulu ye-Chx.HCl i-1.6% ye-nanoemulsion ibonise ukungena okungcono ngenxa yobukhulu bencinci. Xa kuthelekiswa nesixhobo sobungakanani besuntswana eliqhelekileyo (2609.56 µm2), i-1.6% yeChx.HCl nanoemulsion inowona mmandla uncinci womphezulu wenkunkuma eshiyekileyo (2001.47 µm2). Isiphelo: Ukubunjwa kweNanoemulsion iChx.HCl inamandla okucoca angcono kunye nesenzo se-antibacterial. Inesenzo esisebenzayo sokubulala iintsholongwane kwi-Enterococcus faecalis, kwaye izinga lokufinyela kweeseli zebhaktiriya liphezulu okanye litshatyalaliswe ngokupheleleyo. Amagama angundoqo: i-chlorhexidine hydrochloride, i-nanoemulsion, i-root canal irrigant, ukungena, isiphumo sokucoca, i-antibacterial irrigant.
I-Nanoemulsions, iklasi ye-emulsions kunye nobukhulu be-droplet kwi-50-500 nm, ifumene ingqwalasela enkulu kwiminyaka yamuva ngenxa yeempawu zabo ezizodwa. Iipropati zokucoca ezilungileyo, azichatshazelwa bubulukhuni bamanzi, kwiimeko ezininzi zinetyhefu ephantsi kunye nokungabikho kokubambisana kwe-electrostatic. 2 I-Nanotechnology ine-ultra-encinci ubungakanani bamasuntswana, indawo enkulu yommandla ukuya kumlinganiselo wobunzima kunye neempawu ezikhethekileyo zomzimba kunye neekhemikhali xa kuthelekiswa neemveliso ezininzi ezifanayo, kwaye ivula iimbono ezintsha kunyango kunye nokuthintela usulelo lwamazinyo. 3 I-Chlorhexidine hydrochloride (Chx.HCl) inyibilika kancinane emanzini, inyibilika kancinane kakhulu etywaleni kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe iyabala ekukhanyeni. 4.5 SH. I-HCl ine-antibacterial action ebanzi, inyathelo elide kunye netyhefu ephantsi. Ngenxa yezi zakhiwo, kuyacetyiswa kwakhona njengento yokunkcenkceshela yengcambu. Iinzuzo eziphambili zeChx.HCl ziphantsi kwe-cytotoxicity, akukho vumba kwaye akukho kunambitheka okungathandekiyo. 6-9 Iindidi ezininzi zeelaser zisetyenziselwe ukuphucula ukubulawa kweentsholongwane kwingcambu. Impembelelo ye-bactericidal ye-lasers ixhomekeke kubude be-waveleng kunye namandla, kunye nokuvezwa kwe-thermal, ebangela utshintsho kudonga lweseli yebhaktiriya, ekhokelela kutshintsho kwi-osmotic gradient ukuya ekufeni kweeseli. Ukusebenzisana phakathi kwe-laser kunye nezinkcenkceshelo zengcambu yomsele kuvula i-horizons entsha kwi-pulp disinfection. I-10 Amandla e-Ultrasonic avelisa i-frequencies ephezulu kodwa i-amplitudes ephantsi. Iifayile zenzelwe ukuba zi-oscillate kwii-ultrasonic frequencies ze-25-30 kHz, ezingaphaya komda we-auditory perception yabantu (> 20 kHz). Iifayile zenzelwe ukuba zi-oscillate kwii-ultrasonic frequencies ze-25-30 kHz, ezingaphaya komda we-auditory perception yabantu (> 20 kHz). Файлы предназначены для колебаний на ультразвуковых частотах 25–30 кГц, которые находятся за пределами слухового воспория Господь. Iifayile zenzelwe ukungcangcazela kwii-ultrasonic frequencies ze-25-30 kHz, ezingaphaya koluhlu lokuva kwabantu (> 20 kHz).這些文件被设计成在25–30 kHz 的超声波频率下振荡，這超出了人类听觉感知的极限(>20 kHz).這些文件被设计成在 25–30 kHz Файлы рассчитаны на колебания на ультразвуковых частотах 25–30 кГц, что выходит за пределы слухового восприятия человека (>). Iifayile zenzelwe ukungcangcazela kwi-ultrasonic frequencies ye-25-30 kHz, engaphaya kwemida yokuva kwabantu (> 20 kHz).Zisebenza kwi-oscillation enqamlezayo, ziseta iindlela zeempawu zamaqhina kunye ne-antinodes ngobude bazo. Igama elithi "i-passive ultrasonic irrigation" (PUI) yiprotocol yokunkcenkceshela apho kungekho zixhobo okanye iindonga ezidibana neefayile ze-endodontic okanye izixhobo. Ngexesha le-PUI, amandla e-ultrasound adluliselwa kwifayile eshukumisayo ukuya kwisisombululo sokunkcenkceshela kwingcambu yeengcambu. Le yokugqibela inokubangela ukuhamba kwe-sonic kunye ne-cavitation ye-arhente yokugungxula. 11 Ngokusekelwe kule datha ingentla, kuthathwa njengento efanelekileyo ukusebenzisa i-nanotechnology ukuvavanya ukuphuculwa kwesenzo sokungena kunye nokucoca kweChx.HCl.
I-Chlorhexidine hydrochloride i-Chx.HCl yabonelelwa ngobubele yiNkampani yeziyobisi yase-Arab ye-Pharmaceuticals (Cairo, Egypt). I-Labrafil M 1944 CS (oleoylpolyoxy-6-glyceride) inikwe ngesisa nguGattefosse (uMbingeleli oNgcwele, eFransi). Phakathi kwe-20 (i-polyoxyethylene (20) i-sorbitan monolaurate), i-Tween 80 (i-polyoxyethylene (80) i-sorbitan monooleate), i-oleic acid, i-propylene glycol esuka kwiNkampani ye-Gomhorya (eCairo, eYiputa)). Ukukhutshwa kwamazinyo angena-carious anengcambu enye yonyango lwe-periodontal okanye i-orthodontic, iSebe le-Maxillofacial Sciences, i-Faculty of Dentistry, iYunivesithi yase-Ain Shams, eCairo, eYiputa. Inkcubeko ecocekileyo ye-Enterococcus faecalis (uxinzelelo lwe-ATCC 29212) olukhule kwi-heart extract (BHI) umhluzi (RC CLEANER, IIchung Dental Ltd., Seoul, Korea).
I-solubility ye-Chx.HCl kwimidiya eyahlukeneyo (i-oleic acid, i-Labrafil M 1944CS, i-Tween 20, i-Tween 80, i-propylene glycol, kunye namanzi) yafundwa. Ukugqithisa okukhulu kweChx.HCl (50 mg) ifakwe kwi-tube ye-centrifuge kunye ne-5.0 g yesigaba esiphakathi yongezwa. Umxube waxutywa kwi-vortex mixer imizuzu eyi-15 kwaye emva koko ugcinwe kwiqondo lokushisa. Emva kweeyure ezingama-24, i-pellet yeziyobisi ezinganyibilikiyo kwi-tube yayiyi-centrifuged kwi-3000 rpm imizuzu emi-5 ukufumana i-supernatant ecacileyo. Qokelela isisombululo esaneleyo sesampuli kwaye uhlambulule nge-n-butanol. Iisampuli ezihlanjululweyo zahluzwa ngephepha le-Whatman 102 lokucoca kwaye emva koko lihlanjululwe ngokufanelekileyo nge-n-butanol ukumisela ukuxinwa kweziyobisi kwisisombululo esigcweleyo. Iisampulu zahlalutywa nge-UV spectrophotometer kwi-260 nm kunye ne-n-butanol njengolawulo. 12.13
Umzobo wesigaba se-pseudo-triple isigaba sakhiwe ukucacisa umlinganiselo ochanekileyo wecandelo ngalinye elifunekayo ekuqulunqweni ukufumana iiparitha ezifanelekileyo ze-nanoemulsion efanelekileyo. 14 Ukwenziwa kwaqulunqwa kusetyenziswa ioli (okt oleic acid kunye neLabrafil M1944CS), i-surfactants (okt Tween 20 kunye ne-Tween 80) kunye ne-surfactant eyongezelelweyo, oko kukuthi i-propylene glycol. Okokuqala, imixube eyahlukileyo ye-surfactants (ngaphandle kwe-cosurfactants) kunye namafutha alungiselelwe ngokwemilinganiselo eyahlukeneyo yevolumu (ukusuka ku-1: 9 ukuya kwi-9: 1). Xa umxube uhlanjululwe ngamanzi (ukongeza amanzi nge-dropwise), jonga ngokusondeleyo umxube ukusuka kwi-clear to cloud njenge-point point. Ezi ndawo zokugqibela ziphawulwe kwidayagram yesigaba se-pseudo-triple. Yonke le nkqubo yaphindwa kwimixube ye-surfactant kunye ne-secondary surfactant (Smix) elungiselelwe kwi-2: 1 kunye ne-3: i-1: i-ratio kunye ne-oyile ekhethiweyo15,16 enye.
Iinkqubo ze-Nanoemulsion eziqukethe i-Chx.HCl zalungiswa kusetyenziswa i-Labrafil M 1944 CS njengesigaba seoli kunye ne-Tween 80 okanye i-20 surfactant kunye ne-propylene glycol njenge-surfactant eyongezelelweyo kwaye ekugqibeleni amanzi, iThebhile 1. Isilwanyana sachithwa kwi-Labrafil M 1944 CS kunye nenqanaba elidibeneyo le-surfactant yamanzi kunye ne-secondary ye-surfactant yongezwa kwi-surfactant ye-surfactant. ukuxuba. Ubungakanani be-surfactant kunye ne-co-surfactant eyongeziweyo, kunye nepesenti yesigaba seoli esinokudibaniswa, sinqunywe ngokusebenzisa umzobo wesigaba se-pseudo-ternary. Ijeneretha ye-ultrasonic (i-Ultrasonic LC 60 H, Elma, eJamani) yayisetyenziselwa ukufezekisa ubungakanani obufunwayo besayizi yokusabalalisa iigranules. Emva koko ulinganise. 17
Uvavanyo lwe-Dispersibility lwenziwa kusetyenziswa i-apparatus yokuchithwa (uDkt. Schleuniger Pharmaton, i-Model Diss 6000, i-Thun, eSwitzerland) apho i-1 ml yesilungiselelo ngasinye yongezwa kwi-500 ml yamanzi kwi-37±0.5 ° C. Ukuphithizela okuthambileyo kuqinisekiswa yintsimbi eqhelekileyo enyibilikisa iipali ezijikeleza nge-50 rpm. I-emulsion efunyenweyo yagqitywa ngokubonakalayo kwaye yahlelwa njengento ecacileyo, eguquguqukayo kunye ne-bluish tinge, i-milky okanye i-hazy. Khetha ifomula ecacileyo yophando olongezelelweyo. 18.19
Ukukhutshwa kwe-Chx.HCl kwiingoma eziphuculweyo ze-nanoemulsion ezisekelwe kwi-pseudo-triple phase diagram ikhokelela ekuveliseni i-n-butanol usebenzisa iteknoloji ye-ultrasonic. Emva kokuhlanjululwa okufanelekileyo, izicatshulwa zihlalutye i-spectrophotometrically kwi-wavelength ye-260 nm kumxholo we-Chx.HCl. Amashumi amabini
Ukuvavanya ixesha le-self-emulsification, i-1 ml yokwakheka nganye yongezwa kwi-beaker egcwele i-250 ml yamanzi adibeneyo kwaye igcinwe kwi-37 ± 1 ° C kunye nokuvuselela rhoqo kwi-50 rpm. Ixesha le-self-emulsification lithathwa njengexesha apho i-preconcentrate yenza umxube we-homogeneous emva kokuhlanjululwa. amashumi amabini ananye
Ukuhlalutya ubungakanani be-droplet, xuba i-50 mg ye-formulation ephuculweyo ukuya kwi-1000 ml ngamanzi kwi-flask kwaye udibanise ngobumnene ngesandla. Ukusabalalisa ubungakanani beDroplet kunqunywe kusetyenziswa isixhobo se-Malvern Zetasizer 2000 (i-Malvern Instruments Ltd., i-Malvern, e-UK) phantsi kweemeko zokufumanisa i-backscatter ye-173º, ukushisa kwe-25ºC, kunye ne-refractive index ye-1.330. amashumi anambini
Izifundo zokuchithwa kwe-in vitro zenziwa kusetyenziswa i-USP Type II apparatus (i-paddle) (uDkt. Schleuniger Pharmaton, i-Diss Model 6000) kwi-50 rpm. Amanzi adibeneyo (500 ml) agcinwe kwiqondo lokushisa kwe-37 ± 0.5 ° C asetyenziswe njenge-dissolution medium, kwaye i-5 ml yokubunjwa okulungiselelwe yongezwa i-dropwise kwi-medium dissolution medium. Emva koko, ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo, i-5 ml ye-dissolution medium yathathwa kwaye inani lechiza elikhutshiweyo lamiselwa i-spectrophotometrically kwi-254 nm. Imifuniselo yenziwe ngokuphindwe kathathu. amashumi amabini anantathu
Emva koko, i-kinetic parameters ye-Chx.HCl yokukhululwa kwi-vitro ukusuka kwi-nanoemulsions elungiselelwe kwisiseko sayo yalinganiswa. I-Zero, i-kinetics yokuqala kunye neyesibini ye-kinetics kunye ne-Higuchi diffusion models zavavanywa ukuba zikhethe ukulandelelana kwe-kinetic efanelekileyo kakhulu ukukhululwa kweChx.HCl.
I-2 ml yokwenziwa ngalunye igcinwe kwiqondo lokushisa eliphantsi kweeyure ezingama-48 ngaphambi kokuba kubonwe ukuhlukana kwesigaba. Iisampuli ze-1 ml ze-Chx.HCl nganye ye-nanoemulsion formulation iye yahlanjululwa kwi-10 ml kunye ne-100 ml ngamanzi adibeneyo kwi-25 ° C. kwaye igcinwe iiyure ezingama-24. Emva koko ukwahlukaniswa kwesigaba kwabonwa. amashumi amabini ananye
Emva koko iisampuli ze-2 ml yokwakheka ngalunye zidluliselwe ngokwahlukileyo kwiibhotile ezicacileyo kunye ne-screw cap kwaye zigcinwe kwifriji kwi-2 ° C ngeeyure ezingama-24. Emva koko zisuswe kwaye zigcinwe kwi-25 ° C kunye ne-40 ° C. Umjikelo wokupholisa omnye wenziwa. Iisampuli zaye zajongwa ukuhlukana kwesigaba kunye nokunyuka kweziyobisi. amashumi amabini ananye
Isampula ye-5 ml ye-Chx.HCl ye-nanoemulsion formulation nganye idluliselwe kwi-tube yeglasi kwaye ifakwe kwi-centrifuge yebhubhoratri (i-Shanghai Surgical Instrument Factory Microcentrifuge Model 800, e-Shanghai, kwiRiphabhlikhi yabantu baseChina) kunye ne-centrifuged kwi-4000 rpm imizuzu emi-5. Iisampuli zaye zajongwa ukuhlukana kwesigaba kunye nokunyuka kweziyobisi. amashumi amabini ananye
Yonke imifuniselo yavunywa yiKomiti yeeNdlela zokuziphatha zeZiko leYunivesithi yaseAin Shams, eYiputa. Kwakhethwa amazinyo omntu angama-50 angena carious anengcambu enye anencopho ebunjiweyo. Amazinyo akhutshiweyo asetyenziswe emva kokufumana imvume ebhaliweyo enolwazi esayinwe sisigulane. Amazinyo abandakanya i-maxillary kunye ne-mandibular incisors kunye ne-mandibular premolars. Imiphezulu yangaphandle yeengcambu yaphathwa nge-curette kwaye onke amazinyo aphantsi kokutshatyalaliswa kwendawo kwi-0.5% ye-NaOCl kwiiyure ze-24 kwaye emva koko igcinwe kwi-saline eyinyumba de isetyenziswe. Isithsaba sasuswa ngediski yedayimane yecala elikhuselekileyo kwaye ubude bezinyo buqhelekile ukuya kwi-16 mm ukusuka kwi-apex ukuya kumda we-coronal. 24,25 Ngokwesisombululo sokuhlanjululwa, amazinyo ahlulwe ngokwamaqela alandelayo:
(A) Iisampuli zeqela (n=24) zahlanjwa ngeChx.HCl nanoemulsion. I-Subgroup (I) (n = 12) iisampulu ezihlanjululweyo nge-5 ml Chx.HCl nanoemulsion 0.75% yoxinaniso. Iqela elincinane (II) (n=12) lihlambulule iisampuli nge-5 ml ye-1.6% ye-Chx.HCl nanoemulsion. (B) Iqela (n=24) leisampulu liza kuhlanjwa nge-5 ml 2% Chx.HCl ubungakanani obuqhelekileyo bamasuntswana. Iqela lokulawula: (n = 2) lihlanjwe nge-5 ml saline ngaphandle kokusebenza.
Kwakhethwa amazinyo angama-44 angenacarious anengcambu enye yomntu anencam ebunjiweyo. Amazinyo abandakanya i-maxillary kunye ne-mandibular incisors kunye ne-mandibular premolars. Imiphezulu yangaphandle yeengcambu yaphathwa nge-curette kwaye onke amazinyo aphantsi kokutshatyalaliswa kwendawo kwi-0.5% ye-NaOCl kwiiyure ze-24 kwaye emva koko igcinwe kwi-saline eyinyumba de isetyenziswe. Izithsaba zisuswe ngediski yedayimane yokhuseleko kwaye ubude bezinyo buqhelekile ukuya kwi-16 mm ukusuka kwi-apex ukuya kwi-coronal margin. 24,25,29
Ukulungiswa komatshini wefayile ye-apical ephambili ye-50 usebenzisa iindlela eziqhelekileyo. Sebenzisa i-saline engenazintsholongwane njengento yokunkcenkceshela ngexesha lotyando. Ekugqibeleni, i-root canal yahlanjululwa nge-2 ml ye-17% EDTA ngomzuzu we-1 ukususa i-smear layer. Yonke ingcambu yengcambu, kuquka i-apical foramen ye-specimen nganye, yayigqunywe ngeengubo ezimbini ze-nail polish (cyanoacrylate glue) ukukhusela ukuvuza. Amazinyo ke abekwe ngokuthe nkqo kwibhloko yetartar ukuze kube lula ukuyiphatha kunye nokuchongwa. I-29-33 Iisampulu zaye zaveliswa ngokuzenzakalelayo kwi-121ºC kunye ne-15 psi kwimizuzu ye-20. Emva kokuvala inzala, zonke iisampuli zahanjiswa kwaye zalungiswa phantsi kweemeko ezingcolileyo kusetyenziswa izixhobo eziziintsholongwane. Iingcambu zeengcambu zangcoliswa yinkcubeko ecocekileyo ye-Enterococcus faecalis (uxinzelelo lwe-ATCC 29212) olukhule kwi-brain heart extract (BHI) umhluzi weeyure ze-24 kwi-37 ° C. Ukusebenzisa i-micropipette engenazintsholongwane, tofa ukunqunyanyiswa okucacileyo kwe-E. faecalis inoculum kwiingcambu ezilungisiweyo zawo onke amazinyo. Emva koko iibhloko zafakwa kwiibhekile ezingenazintsholongwane kwaye zifukanywe ku-37°C kangangeeyure ezingama-24. 31, 34, 35
(A) Iisampuli zeqela (n=24) zahlanjwa ngeChx.HCl nanoemulsion. Iisampuli ze-subgroup (I) (n = 12) zahlanjululwa nge-5 ml ye-Chx.HCl nanoemulsion 0.75% yoxinaniso. Iqela elingaphantsi (II) (n = 12) lihlambulule iisampuli nge-5 ml ye-Chx.HCl nanoemulsion 1.6% yoxinaniso.
Iqela lokulawula: ulawulo olulungileyo, (n=4) ingcambu yengcambu engcolisekileyo igungxulwe nge-5 ml ye-saline kwaye igcinwe njengolawulo oluhle. Ulawulo olubi: (n=4) Imizekelo ayizange itofwe ngokunqunyanyiswa, oko kukuthi ingcambu yengcambu ayizange ingcoliswe yi-E. faecalis, kwaye yayigcinwe inyumba njengolawulo olubi ukuqinisekisa ukuvala inzala kunye nokuthembeka kwenkqubo. Sebenzisa isisombululo sokuhlamba i-5 ml kwisampuli nganye. Isampulu nganye emva koko ihlanjwe okokugqibela nge-1 ml ye-saline engenazintsholongwane.
Kusetyenziswa incam yephepha elingange-35 elingenazintsholongwane ukuqokelela iisampulu kwiingcambu. Iphepha lephepha lifakwe kwi-tube ukuya kubude bokusebenza, lishiye imizuzwana ye-10, emva koko lidluliselwe kwiiplate ze-agar ukucacisa inani leeyunithi zokwenza ikholoni (CFU) ngeplate. Iipleyiti zaqanduselwa kuma-37ºC iiyure ezingama-24 kwaye emva koko zavavanywa ngokubonakalayo ukukhula kwebhaktiriya. Ipleyiti ebonakalayo ibonisa ukuvala inzala ngokupheleleyo. Iipleyiti eziluzizi zithathwa njengezibonisa ukukhula okulungileyo. I-avareji yenani le-CFUs kwindawo yokukhula kwebhaktiriya kwisitya ngasinye yamiselwa kwaye inani le-CFUs labalwa. Abasindileyo balinganiswa ikakhulu ngamanani asebenzayo kwiipleyiti zedriphu. Ukongeza, ikomityi yokugalela yayisetyenziselwa ukubala ii-CFU eziphantsi, kwaye i-dilution ukuya kwi-106 yayisetyenziselwa ukubala ii-CFU eziphezulu. 36.37
Lungiselela iityhubhu eziqulethe i-15 ml ye-agar medium enyibilikisiweyo efakwe inzala kwangaphambili kwi-autoclave kwangolo suku lunye novavanyo. I-Enterococcus faecalis yi-facultative ye-Gram-positive anaerobic coccus ekwaziyo ukuphila kwi-pH ephezulu kakhulu, i-asidi kunye namaqondo obushushu aphezulu. Iisampulu zebhaktheriya ezingama-39 (Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212) zalungiswa ngokuxuba iiseli ezivela kumakholoni anesaline eyinyumba. Iisampuli zebhaktheriya zaye zaxutywa nge-saline ukuze zitshatise i-McFarland 0.5, elingana ne-108 CFU/mL. Isampulu yevolumu eyongeziweyo yayiyi-10 µl. 39 Umgangatho we-turbidity (McFarland 0.5)40 walungiswa ngokugalela i-0.6 ml ye-1% (10 g/l) isisombululo se-barium chloride dihydrate kwisilinda esigqityiweyo esiyi-100 ml kunye nokuzaliswa kwi-100 ml nge-1% (10 g/l) ye-sulfuric acid. Imigangatho ye-turbidity ifakwe kwiityhubhu ezifanayo kunye neesampuli zomhluzi kwaye zigcinwe kwindawo yokushisa kweenyanga ze-6 ebumnyameni kwaye zitywinwe ukukhusela ukukhuphuka. Vula isiciko sesitya sePetri esingenanto kwaye uthele isampuli phakathi kwesitya. Ukuba i-agar iqiniswe ngokupheleleyo, guqula ipleyiti kwaye uyifake kwi-37 ° C kwiiyure ezingama-24.
Zonke iinkcukacha zaqokelelwa, zafakwa kwitheyibhile zaza zafakwa kuhlalutyo lweenkcukacha-manani. Uhlalutyo lwamanani lwenziwa kusetyenziswa i-IBM® SPSS® Statistical Version 17 yeWindows (SPSS Inc., IBM Corporation, Armonk, NY, USA).
Ukunyibilika kweChx.HCl kwizigaba ezahlukeneyo ze-oyile, izisombululo ze-surfactant, izisombululo ze-co-surfactant, kunye namanzi zaphononongwa. I-Chx.Hcl ine-solubility ephezulu kwi-Labrafil M kunye ne-solubility ephantsi kwi-oleic acid. I-solubility ephezulu yeziyobisi kwisigaba seoli ibalulekile kwi-nanoemulsions kuba i-nanoemulsions iyakwazi ukugcina ichiza kwifom echithweyo, oku kuthetha ukuba ukunyibilika kweyeza eliphezulu kwi-oyile kubangela ukuba ioli encinci ekuqulunqweni kwaye ngoko ke ichiza elincinci. ukulayisha Umlinganiselo othile we-surfactant kunye ne-co-surfactant iyafuneka ukuze i-emulsify amathontsi yeoli.
Umzobo wesigaba se-pseudo-triple isigaba sakhiwe ukucacisa imimandla ye-nanoemulsion kunye nokwandisa ukugxininiswa kweoli ekhethiweyo, i-surfactants, kunye ne-surfactants eyongezelelweyo (Labrafil M, Tween 80, Tween 20, kunye nepropylene glycol, ngokulandelanayo). I-Chx.Hcl ibonisa ukunyibilika okuphantsi kakhulu kwi-oleic acid, okubangela ukuba kube namafu xa i-oleic acid ithotywa ngethontsi lokuqala lamanzi. Ngoko ke, inkqubo ye-oleic acid yayingabandakanywa kolu phononongo. Olunye uqulunqo lulungiselelwe kusetyenziswa umxube we-1: 9 weoli kunye ne-surfactant. Uluhlu lwe-pH kunye namandla e-ionic, ngoko ke la ma-surfactants akhethwa.
Yonke imixube elungisiweyo yayicacile ngaphandle kweNkqubo yeF2, ebonakala inamafu kwaye ke ngoko ayizange ibandakanywe kwizifundo zovavanyo olongezelelweyo.
Ukwenziwa kwe-nanoemulsion efanelekileyo kufuneka ikwazi ukusasazeka ngokupheleleyo kwaye ngokukhawuleza xa ihlanjululwe ngokuphazamiseka okuthambileyo. I-Chx.HCl nanoemulsion formulations ibonise amaxesha amafutshane emulsification, ukusuka kwi-1.67 ukuya kwi-12.33 imizuzwana. Phakathi kwama-80 anelona xesha lifutshane lokulinganisa. Oku kunokuchazwa ngumthamo ophezulu we-solubilizing we-Tween 80. Ixesha le-self-emulsification liyanda ngokunyuka kwe-surfactant concentration, enokuthi ibe ngenxa yokwanda kwe-viscosity yenkqubo phantsi kwesenzo se-surfactant.
Ubungakanani be-droplet ye-emulsion bumisela izinga kunye nobukhulu bokukhutshwa kweziyobisi. Ubungakanani bethontsi ye-emulsion encinci ikhokelela kwixesha elifutshane le-emulsification kunye nendawo ephezulu yokufunxa ichiza. Ubungakanani obuqhelekileyo be-droplet yeengoma ezikhethiweyo ze-Chx.HCl nanoemulsion yayiyi-711±0.44, 587±15.3, 10.97±0.11, 16.43±4.55, kunye ne-12.18±2.48, kunye ne-PDI yayiyi-0.796, 0.76, 0.76, 0.16, 0.16, 0.76, 0.16, 0.76, 0.6, 12. F1, F2. , F3 kunye ne-0.16 ngokulandelelanayo F4, F5 kunye neF6. Uqulunqo oluqulethe i-Tween 80 njenge-surfactant ibonise ii-spherulites ezincinci. Oku kusenokuba ngenxa yamandla ayo aphezulu emulsifying. Ixabiso elisezantsi lePDI libonisa unikezelo lobungakanani benkqubo emxinwa. Olu qulunqo lunenkangeleko ecocekileyo ngenxa yokuba i-droplet radii incinci kune-optical wavelength yokukhanya okubonakalayo (390-750 nm) apho ukukhanya okuncinci kwenzekayo. 41
Kwikhiwane. I-2 ibonisa ipesenti yeChx.HCl ekhutshiweyo kuqulunqo olucwangcisiweyo. Ukukhutshwa okupheleleyo kweyeza kwi-formulation elungiselelwe i-Chx.HCl nanoemulsion ukusuka kwi-2 ukuya kwi-7 imizuzu. Kwaphawulwa ukuba iqondo eliphezulu lokukhululwa kweziyobisi lifunyenwe kwimeko yeChx.HCl F6 nanoemulsion formulation (i-2 min), enokuthi ibe ngenxa yobukho be-Tween 80, ebonisa iqondo eliphezulu le-emulsification, kunye ne-nanoemulsion eyabangelwa. ibonelela ngommandla omkhulu wokukhutshwa kwechiza, okuvumela ukwanda kwamazinga okukhutshwa kwechiza. Ngexesha elifanayo, iipropati ze-solubility zepropylene glycol zivumela ukuba inani elikhulu le-hydrophilic surfactants lichithwe kwioli. 40
Ukukhutshwa kwe-Chx.HCl kwi-vitro kuye kwafunyaniswa ukuba ilandele i-kinetic order eyahlukileyo, kwaye akukho myalelo we-kinetic ocacileyo unokubonakalisa ukukhutshwa kweziyobisi kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo ezilungiselelwe i-nanoemulsion formulations. Ukukhutshwa kwekinetic yamachiza e-F4 yi-odolo yokuqala yekinetics, nto leyo ethetha ukuba akhululwa ngokomlinganiselo wesixa sechiza eliseleyo ngaphakathi kuwo. 42 Ukukhutshwa kwekinetic kwamanye amachiza kwakuhambelana nemodeli yokusasazwa kwe-Higuasha, ebonisa ukuba ubungakanani bechiza elikhutshiweyo lalinomlinganiselo wengcambu yechiza lilonke kunye nokunyibilika kwechiza kwi-nanoemulsion. 42
Iifomyula ezikhethiweyo ziphantsi kozinzo oluhlukeneyo lwe-thermodynamic ngovavanyo loxinzelelo kusetyenziswa imijikelo yobushushu obupholileyo, i-centrifugation kunye ne-freeze-thaw cycle. Kwaphawulwa ukuba imiqulu ye-F3 kunye ne-F4 ibonise imvula yeyeza emva kwemijikelo yokunyibilika, ngelixa i-F1 ibonisa ukujiya (i-gelling). I-F5 kunye ne-F6 iphumelele umjikelezo we-centrifugation oqhubekayo, uvavanyo lokufudumeza-ukupholisa kunye novavanyo lwe-freeze-thaw. I-Nanoemulsions ziinkqubo ezizinzile ze-thermodynamically ezenziwe kwiindawo ezithile zeoli, i-surfactant kunye namanzi ngaphandle kokuhlukana kwesigaba, i-emulsification okanye i-crack. Kukuzinza kwe-thermal eyahlula i-nanoemulsions kwi-emulsions, ezizinzile ngokwe-kinetically kwaye ekugqibeleni ziya kuhlukana zibe zizigaba. I-19 F3 ibonise ubungakanani obukhulu be-particle (587 nm) kunezinye iifomyula, ezinokuchaza ukuhlukana kwesigaba kunye nokunyuka kweziyobisi kwiimvavanyo zokuzinza kwe-thermodynamic. I-F4 equkethe i-Tween 80 kwaye akukho-co-surfactant ebonisa ukuchithwa kweziyobisi, oku kungabonisa ngesidingo sokusebenzisa i-propylene glycol kunye ne-Tween 80 ukuphucula ukuzinza kwe-nanoemulsion formulations. I-F1 equlethe i-Tween 20 ngaphandle kwe-surfactant eyongezelelweyo ebonakaliswe ukutyeba (i-gelling), okukukwanda kwe-viscosity yejeli okanye amandla ngenxa yokuhlanganiswa kwamathontsi.
Iziphumo zokuzinza zibonisa ukubaluleka kobukho be-propylene glycol surfactant eyongezelelweyo ukunyusa i-particle dispersion kunye nokukhusela imvula yeziyobisi. I-43 F6 yayiyeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuqulunqa ngenxa yesayizi encinci ye-particle (12.18 nm), ixesha elifutshane le-emulsification (imizuzwana ye-1.67) kunye nesantya sokuchithwa ngokukhawuleza emva kwemizuzu emi-2. Kwafunyaniswa ukuba yinkqubo ye-thermodynamically / stable stable kwaye ngoko ke yakhethwa ukuba iqhubeke nesifundo.
Ukungaphumeleli emva kokunyangwa kweengcambu kuya kuba rhoqo, oku kuthetha ukuba izigulane zisengozini enkulu yokuphuhlisa usulelo olunzima. I-44,45 i-Biofilm kufuneka isuswe ngexesha lokubulala iintsholongwane kunye nokuzaliswa kweengcambu zeengcambu. 46,47 Ngenxa yobunzima beengcambu zengcambu, kuba nzima ukususa ngokupheleleyo iingcambu zeengcambu zebhaktheriya usebenzisa izixhobo kuphela kunye nokunkcenkceshela. 48 Ukusebenza kwezisombululo zokuhlanjululwa kweengcambu zengcambu kuxhomekeke ekungeneni konkcenkceshelo kwi-DT kunye nobude bexesha lokuvezwa kwiibhaktheriya. 49 Ngoko ke, iindlela ezintsha zokucoca ngokucokisekileyo kumjelo weengcambu zizanyiwe kwaye zavavanywa. Iirinse eziqhelekileyo aziyiphelisi ngokupheleleyo i-E. faecalis ngenxa yokungena kancinci kwe-DT.50.
Umlinganiselo wamandla okucoca e-nanoemulsion rinse yayiyi-2001.47 µm2, kunye ne-avareji yobungakanani besuntswana le-rinse aid yayiyi-2609.56 µm. Umahluko ophakathi phakathi kokuhlamba kwe-nanoemulsion kunye nesayizi ye-particle yesiqhelo yokuhlamba yayiyi-608.09 µm2. Kwakukho i-statistically ebaluleke kakhulu (P <0.001) umehluko phakathi kwe-nanoemulsion irrigants kunye ne-particle evamile yokunkcenkceshela kunye ne-(P-value 0.00052). Kwakukho i-statistically ebaluleke kakhulu (P <0.001) umehluko phakathi kwe-nanoemulsion irrigants kunye ne-particle evamile yokunkcenkceshela kunye ne-(P-value 0.00052). Между ирригационными растворами наноэмульсии и ирригационными растворами с нормальным размером частиц наблюдалась статистически высок разница (значение P 0,00052). Kwakukho i-statistically ebaluleke kakhulu (P <0.001) umehluko (P ixabiso le-0.00052) phakathi kwe-nanoemulsion irrigants kunye ne-particle irrigants yesiqhelo.纳米乳液冲洗剂和正常粒径冲洗剂之间存在统计学上高度显着的差异（P<0.001）P<0.001）纳米乳液冲洗剂和正常粒径冲洗剂之间存在统计学上高度显着的差异（P<0.001）P<0.001） Между ополаскивателем с наноэмульсией и ополаскивателем с нормальным размером частиц была статистически очень значимая разниц0000 (P10) 0,00052). Kwakukho umahluko obaluleke kakhulu ngokwezibalo (P <0.0001) phakathi kwe-nanoemulsion rinse kunye ne-particle size ye-rinse eqhelekileyo (ixabiso le-P 0.00052).I-nanoemulsion ibonise ulwahlulo olubaluleke kakhulu ngokwezibalo xa kuthelekiswa nobukhulu bezinto eziqhelekileyo ze-particle size, ebonisa indawo engaphantsi kwendawo ye-debris surface, oko kukuthi, i-nanoemulsion material yayinamandla okucoca, njengoko kuboniswe kumfanekiso wesi-3.
Umzobo 3. Ukuthelekiswa kokucoca ukusebenza kwezixhobo zokucoca: (A) kunye ne-Nano CHX laser esebenzayo, (B) kunye ne-CHX laser esebenzayo, (C) kunye ne-PUI Nano CHX, (D) ngaphandle kokusebenza kwe-Nano CHX, (E) ngaphandle kokusebenza kwe-CHX, kunye (F) ) i-CHX PUI activation.
Umndilili wommandla weChx.HCl 1.6% amaqhekeza ashiyekileyo yayingu-2320.36 µm2, kunye nommandla ophakathi weChx.HCl 2% yayingu-2949.85 µm2. Kwakukho i-statistically ebaluleke kakhulu (P <0.001) umehluko phakathi koxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-nanoemulsion irrigants kunye ne-particle evamile yokunkcenkceshela (i-P-value 0.00000). Kwakukho i-statistically ebaluleke kakhulu (P <0.001) umehluko phakathi koxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-nanoemulsion irrigants kunye ne-particle evamile yokunkcenkceshela (i-P-value 0.00000). Наблюдалась статистически высокозначимая (P<0.001) ирригационными растворами с нормальным размером частиц (значение P 0,00000). Kwakukho i-statistically ebaluleke kakhulu (P <0.001) umehluko phakathi koxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-nanoemulsion irrigants kunye ne-particle size irrigants (P value 0.00000).较高浓度的纳米乳液冲洗剂与正常粒径冲洗剂之间存在统计学上高度显着的Ｎ显着的（1P 0.00000.较高浓度的纳米乳液冲洗剂与正常粒径冲洗剂之间存在统计学显着的差异（00P0.（01P0. Наблюдалась статистически очень значимая разница (P<0,001) между более высокими концентрациями ополаскивателя с наноэмульпесь нормальным размером частиц (значение P 0,00000). Kwakukho umahluko obaluleke kakhulu ngokwezibalo (P <0.001) phakathi koxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-nanoemulsion rinse kunye nobukhulu obuqhelekileyo be-particle (P value 0.00000).Nangona i-concentration ye-nanoemulsion irrigant yayingaphantsi kuneyomlinganiselo oqhelekileyo we-particle irrigant, le ngqungquthela ephantsi yayiphumelele kakhulu ekususeni i-debris kunye nokusebenza ngakumbi ekucoceni iingcambu zeengcambu.
I-PUI inomahluko obaluleke kakhulu ngokwezibalo (p <0.001) xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iindlela zokuvula. I-PUI inomahluko obaluleke kakhulu ngokwezibalo (p <0.001) xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iindlela zokuvula. PUI имел статистически высокозначимую разницу (p<0,001) по сравнению с другими методами активации. I-PUI inomahluko obaluleke kakhulu ngokwezibalo (p <0.001) xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iindlela zokuvula.与其他激活方法相比，PUI 具有统计学上非常显着的差异(p<0.001).与其他激活方法相比，PUI 具有统计学上非常显着的差异(p<0.001). По сравнению с другими методами активации PUI имел статистически очень значимую разницу (p<0,001). Xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iindlela zokuvula, i-PUI inomahluko obaluleke kakhulu ngokwezibalo (p <0.001).Ngokusebenza kwe-ISP, umndilili wendawo yendawo eshiyekileyo yenkunkuma yayiyi-1695.31 µm2. Umehluko ophakathi phakathi kwe-PUI kunye ne-Laser yayingu-987.89929 ebonisa ukubaluleka kwezibalo (P <0.001) kunye (i-p-value 0.00000). Umehluko ophakathi phakathi kwe-PUI kunye ne-Laser yayingu-987.89929 ebonisa ukubaluleka kwezibalo (P <0.001) kunye (i-p-value 0.00000). Средняя разница между PUI kunye neLaser составила 987,89929, демонстрируя высокостатистически значимую (P<0,001) разницу с (p-значени0000). Umehluko ophakathi phakathi kwe-PUI kunye ne-Laser yayingu-987.89929, ebonisa i-statistically ebaluleke kakhulu (P <0.001) umahluko ukusuka (p-value 0.00000). PUI 和Laser 之间的平均差异為987.89929，显示出高度统计学显着性(P<0.001) 差异(p 0.0000).PUI kunye neLaser Средняя разница между PUI kunye neLaser составила 987,89929, что свидетельствует о высокой статистической значимости (P<0,001) разни000 (P<0,001) разни000 (P<0,001) разни000 Umehluko ophakathi phakathi kwe-PUI kunye ne-Laser yayingu-987.89929, ebonisa ukubaluleka kwezibalo eziphezulu (P <0.001) umahluko (i-p-value 0.00000). Umehluko ophakathi phakathi kwe-PUI kunye nokungabikho kokusebenza kwaba yi-712.40643 ebonisa i-statistically ebaluleke kakhulu (P <0.001) umahluko kunye nexabiso le-p ye-0.00098) .Ukusetyenziswa kwe-Laser activation okanye akukho kusebenze kwakungekho kakhulu ngokwezibalo (P> 0.05) eyahlukileyo kunye ne-P-value ye-P-451211. Umehluko ophakathi phakathi kwe-PUI kunye nokungabikho kokusebenza kwaba yi-712.40643 ebonisa i-statistically ephawulekayo (P <0.001) umahluko kunye nexabiso le-p ye-0.00098). i-P-ixabiso le-0.451211. Средняя разница между PUI kunye отсутствием активации составила 712,40643, демонстрируя высокостатистически значимую 0,00098). Umehluko ophakathi phakathi kwe-PUI kunye nokungabikho kokusebenza kwaba yi-712.40643, ebonisa ulwahlulo olubaluleke kakhulu (P <0.001) kunye nexabiso le-p ye-0.00098).P-ixabiso 0.451211. PUI 和未激活之间的平均差异為712.40643，显示高度统计学显着性差异(P<0.001)，p 000643，p 0006430.PUI Средняя разница между PUI kunye nelinektiвацией составила 712,40643, что свидетельствует о высокой статистической значимости разниц001, p. 0,00098). Umehluko ophakathi phakathi kwe-PUI kunye nokungasebenzi kwaba yi-712.40643, ebonisa ukubaluleka kwezibalo eziphezulu zomahluko (P <0.001, p-value 0.00098).使用激光激活或不激活在统计学上没有显着差异(P>0.05) P nge-0.451211.使用激光激活或不激活在统计学上没有显着差异(P>0.05) P nge-0.451211. Статистически значимой разницы (P>0,05) с лазерной активацией или без нее не было со значением P 0,451211. Kwakungekho mahluko abalulekileyo (P> 0.05) kunye okanye ngaphandle kwe-laser activation kunye nexabiso le-P le-0.451211.Umndilili womhlaba wamaqhekeza aseleyo ekusebenzeni kwelaser yayingu-2683.21 µm2. Umndilili womhlaba wamaqhekeza asele ngaphandle kokusebenza yayingu-2407.72 µm2. Xa kuthelekiswa nokusebenza kwelaser okanye kungavulwa, iPUI ibinomyinge omncinci womphezulu wendawo ye-chip, okt awona mandla okucoca angcono.
Umlinganiselo wamandla okucoca e-nanoemulsion rinse yayiyi-2001.47 µm2, kunye ne-avareji yobungakanani besuntswana le-rinse aid yayiyi-2609.56 µm. Umahluko ophakathi phakathi kokuhlamba kwe-nanoemulsion kunye nesayizi ye-particle yesiqhelo yokuhlamba yayiyi-608.09 µm2. Kwakukho i-statistically ebaluleke kakhulu (P <0.001) umehluko phakathi kwe-nanoemulsion irrigants kunye ne-particle eqhelekileyo yokunkcenkceshela kunye ne-(P-value 0.00052). Kwakukho i-statistically ebaluleke kakhulu (P <0.001) umehluko phakathi kwe-nanoemulsion irrigants kunye ne-particle eqhelekileyo yokunkcenkceshela kunye ne-(P-value 0.00052). Между ирригационными растворами наноэмульсии и ирригационными растворами с нормальным размером частиц была статистически высоя00знач0 (значение P 0,00052). Kwakukho i-statistically ebaluleke kakhulu (P <0.001) umehluko (P ixabiso le-0.00052) phakathi kwe-nanoemulsion irrigants kunye ne-particle irrigants yesiqhelo.纳米乳液冲洗剂与正常粒径冲洗剂之间存在统计学上高度显着的差异（P<0.000P<0.000（P<0.000 P <0.001 (P值0.00052) Между ополаскивателем с наноэмульсией и ополаскивателем с нормальным размером частиц была статистически очень значимая разниц0000 (P10) 0,00052). Kwakukho umahluko obaluleke kakhulu ngokwezibalo (P <0.0001) phakathi kwe-nanoemulsion rinse kunye ne-particle size ye-rinse eqhelekileyo (ixabiso le-P 0.00052).Xa kuthelekiswa nobukhulu bezinto eziqhelekileyo, i-nanoemulsion inomahluko obaluleke kakhulu ngokwezibalo, obonisa indawo ephantsi ye-debris ye-debris surface, oko kukuthi, izinto ze-Nanoemulsion zinekhono lokucoca elingcono njengoko kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 3.
Umndilili wommandla weChx.HCl 1.6% amaqhekeza ashiyekileyo yayingu-2320.36 µm2, kunye nommandla ophakathi weChx.HCl 2% yayingu-2949.85 µm2. Kwakukho i-statistically ebaluleke kakhulu (P <0.001) umehluko phakathi koxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-nanoemulsion irrigants kunye ne-particle evamile yokunkcenkceshela (i-P-value 0.00000). Kwakukho i-statistically ebaluleke kakhulu (P <0.001) umehluko phakathi koxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-nanoemulsion irrigants kunye ne-particle evamile yokunkcenkceshela (i-P-value 0.00000). Имелась статистически высокодостоверная (P. растворами с нормальным размером частиц (значение P 0,00000). Kwakukho ulwahlulo olubalulekileyo (P <0.001) phakathi koxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-nanoemulsion irrigants kunye ne-particle evamile yokunkcenkceshela (ixabiso leP 0.00000).较高浓度的纳米乳液冲洗剂与正常粒径冲洗剂之间存在统计学上高度显着的差异（P<0.001）(P值0.00000).较高浓度的纳米乳液冲洗剂与正常粒径冲洗剂之间存在统计学上高洗剂与正常粒径冲洗剂之间存在统计学上高度显着的Ｎ显着的Ｎ显着的）1P Наблюдалась статистически высокозначимая разница (P <0,001) нормальным размером частиц (значение P 0,00000). Kwakukho umahluko obalulekileyo ngokwezibalo (P <0.001) phakathi kokugxilwa okuphezulu kwe-nanoemulsion rinse kunye nobukhulu be-particle size rinse (ixabiso le-P 0.00000).Nangona i-concentration ye-nanoemulsion irrigant yayingaphantsi kuneyomlinganiselo oqhelekileyo we-particle irrigant, le ngqungquthela ephantsi yayiphumelele kakhulu ekususeni i-debris kunye nokusebenza ngakumbi ekucoceni iingcambu zeengcambu.
I-PUI inomahluko omkhulu wezibalo ophezulu (p <0.001) xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iindlela zokuvula. I-PUI inomahluko omkhulu wezibalo ophezulu (p <0.001) xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iindlela zokuvula. PUI имел статистически высокую значимую разницу (p<0,001) по сравнению с другими методами активации. I-PUI inomahluko obalulekileyo wezibalo (p <0.001) xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iindlela zokusebenzisa.与其他激活方法相比，PUI 具有统计学上的显着差异(p<0.001). Xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iindlela zokuvula, i-PUI inomahluko obalulekileyo ngokwezibalo (p <0.001). PUI статистически значимо отличался (p<0,001) по сравнению с другими методами активации. I-PUI yayihluke kakhulu ngokwezibalo (p <0.001) xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iindlela zokuvula.Ngexesha lokusebenzisa i-PUI, umndilili wendawo yenkunkuma eshiyekileyo yayiyi-1695.31 μm2. Umehluko ophakathi phakathi kwe-PUI kunye ne-Laser yayingu-987.89929 ebonisa ukubaluleka kwezibalo (P <0.001) umahluko kunye (p-value 0.00000) .Umahluko ophakathi phakathi kwe-PUI kunye nokungabikho kokusebenza kwaba yi-712.40643 ebonisa ukubaluleka kwezibalo (P <0.001) umahluko kunye ne-0.0 ye-Laser ye-9. okanye akukho kusebenze kwakungekho nanye ngokwezibalo (P> 0.05) eyahlukileyo nge (P-value 0.451211). Umehluko ophakathi phakathi kwe-PUI kunye ne-Laser yayingu-987.89929 ebonisa ukubaluleka kwezibalo (P <0.001) kunye (i-p-value 0.00000). Umehluko ophakathi phakathi kwe-PUI kunye nokungabikho kokusebenza kwaba yi-712.40643 ebonisa ukubaluleka kwezibalo (P <0.001) kunye (p -value 0.00098). Ukusetyenziswa nokuba kusebenze iLaser okanye akukho kuvula ibingekho ngokwezibalo (P>0.05) eyahlukileyo nge (P-value 0.451211). Средняя разница между PUI kunye лазером составила 987,89929, демонстрируя высокостатистически значимую (P<0,001) разницу с (p00,p-0). Umehluko ophakathi phakathi kwe-PUI kunye ne-laser yayingu-987.89929, ebonisa i-statistically ebaluleke kakhulu (P <0.001) umahluko kunye (p-value 0.00000). - значение 0,00098).Использование лазерной активации или отсутствие активации не имело статистически значимой разницы (P>0,01,01,5,5) с. - ixabiso 0.00098). Ukusetyenziswa kwe-laser activation okanye akukho kusebenze kunomahluko obalulekileyo wezibalo (P> 0.05) kunye (i-P-value 0.451211). PUI 和激光之间的平均差异為987.89929，与(p 值0.00000) 差异具有高度统计学意义(P<0.001) Umahluko ophakathi phakathi kwe-PUI kunye ne-laser yi-987.89929, kwaye umehluko (p 值0.00000) unokubaluleka okuphezulu kwezibalo (P <0.001). Средняя разница между PUI kunye лазером составила 987,89929, что было высоко статистически значимым (P<0,001) с (значение p 0,000). Umahluko ophakathi phakathi kwe-PUI kunye ne-laser yayingu-987.89929, eyayibaluleke kakhulu ngokwezibalo (P <0.001) kunye (p value 0.00000). PUI 与未激活之间的平均差异為712.40643，与(p) 差异具有高度统计学意义(P<0.001) -00643. Umahluko ophakathi phakathi kwe-PUI kunye nokungasebenzi ngu-712.40643, kwaye umehluko (p) unokubaluleka kokubaluleka kwezibalo (P <0.001) - ixabiso le-0.00098. Средняя разница между PUI kunye ne-нактивацией составила 712,40643, что было высоко статистически значимым с разницей (p) (P<0,0009 — P Umehluko ophakathi phakathi kwe-PUI kunye nokungasebenzi kwaba yi-712.40643, eyayibaluleke kakhulu ngokwezibalo kunye nokwahlukana (p) (P <0.001 - ixabiso le-0.00098).使用激光激活或不激活没有显着统计学差异(P>0.05) 与(P  0.451211). Kwakungekho mahluko ubalulekileyo wezibalo phakathi kokusebenza kwe-laser kunye nokungasetyenziswa (P> 0.05) kunye (P 值0.451211). Не было статистически значимой разницы (P>0,05) по сравнению с (значение P 0,451211) с лазерной активацией или без нее. Kwakungekho mahluko abalulekileyo (P> 0.05) xa kuthelekiswa (ixabiso le-P 0.451211) kunye okanye ngaphandle kokusebenza kwe-laser.Umndilili womhlaba wamaqhekeza aseleyo ngexesha lokusebenza kwelaser yayingu-2683.21 μm2. Umndilili womhlaba wamaqhekeza asele ngaphandle kokusebenza wawuyi-2407.72 μm2. Xa kuthelekiswa nokuvula i-laser okanye akukho kuvula, i-PUI inomndilili omncinci wendawo yomphezulu we-chip, okt amandla okucoca angcono.
Isiphumo esilungileyo sokuhlanjululwa kwe-nanoemulsion ekususweni kwenkunkuma yayiphezulu kakhulu ngokwezibalo kuneyokuhlanjululwa kobungakanani besuntswana eliqhelekileyo. I-Chx.HCl 1.6%, PUI 1938.77 µm2, 2510.96 µm2 ngelaser. Ngaphandle kokuvula, ixabiso eliphakathi yi-2511.34 µm2. Xa i-2% ye-Chx.HCl isetyenziswe kwaye isebenze nge-laser, iziphumo zazibi kakhulu kwaye inani le-debris laliphezulu. Iziphumo ezifanayo zifunyenwe xa i-0.75% i-Chx.HCl ingazange isebenze. Ngokucacileyo, iziphumo ezilungileyo zifunyenwe kusetyenziswa ukugxilwa okuphezulu kwe-rinse aid kwi-nanoemulsion. I-PUI yayiyeyona nto isebenzayo ekusebenzeni kokunkcenkceshela kunye nokugungxulwa kwenkunkuma, njengoko kubonisiwe kuMfanekiso 3A-F)).
Njengoko kuboniswe kwiThebhile 2, i-Chx.HCl nanoemulsion yenze ngcono kuneenqununu zesayizi eziqhelekileyo ngokwezibalo ezisebenzayo ze-microorganism kwaye ibe nokulungelelaniswa okulungileyo kunye nokubunjwa kokungena kunye nesiphumo sokucoca ngokweeparamitha ezilandelayo: ubungakanani, ukugxininiswa kwe-agent egungxulwayo kunye nendlela yokusebenza.
Iibhaktheriya zinokutshatyalaliswa ngokupheleleyo ngokusebenzisa i-concentration ephezulu ye-rinse aid. Nangona kusebenze i-PUI, i-0.75% i-Chx.HCl yayinempembelelo embi kakhulu ye-antibacterial. Ukusebenza kweLaser kunempembelelo embi kwi-nano-emulsion rinses. Njengoko kunokubonwa kuzo zonke iziphumo zangaphambili, ukusetyenziswa kwe-laser kunciphisa ukusebenza kwe-Chx.HCl 0.75% nanoemulsion, apho i-CFU ye-nanoChx.HCl 0.75% yi-195, ixabiso eliphezulu kakhulu, elibonisa ukuba i-reagents kule ngqungquthela ifaniswa nokusebenza kwe-laser. I-Diode lasers i-photothermal, ngoko ke ukukhanya okanye ukushisa kunokubangela ukuba i-nanoemulsion ilahlekelwe yimpembelelo yayo ye-antibacterial. Isiphumo sokugxila okuphezulu kukutshabalalisa ngokupheleleyo ibhaktheriya. I-Nano Chx.HCl i-1.6% ibonise ukukhula okungalunganga kwebhaktheriya phambi kokusebenza kwe-laser, oku kuthetha ukuba i-laser ayizange ichaphazele amandla okulwa ne-antibacterial nano Chx.HCl 1.6%. Kunokugqitywa ukuba i-nanoemulsion material ene-concentration ephezulu ine-antibacterial effect engcono.
Kulo msebenzi, i-Chx.HCl i-nanoemulsions yalungiswa ngokusebenzisa i-oyile ezimbini ezahlukeneyo, i-surfactants ezimbini kunye ne-co-surfactant, i-formulation efanelekileyo (F6) kunye nobukhulu be-particle encinci, ixesha elifutshane le-emulsification kunye nezinga eliphezulu lokuchithwa) likhethiwe. Ukongeza, (F6) yavavanywa kwi-thermodynamic / ukuzinza komzimba. Kwi-Chx.HCl nanoemulsion kwi-concentration ye-1.6%, i-Chx.HCl nanoemulsion ibonise ukugqithiswa okungcono kakhulu kwi-tubules yamazinyo xa kuthelekiswa ne-Chx.HCl yendabuko njenge-rinsing fluid, kunye ne-PUI njengendlela yokuvuselela inamandla okucoca. Ukongezelela, izifundo ze-antibacterial ze-Chx.HCl nanoemulsion zibonise ukupheliswa ngokupheleleyo kweebhaktheriya. Iziphumo zikuqinisekisile oku. I-Chx.HCl nanoemulsion inokuqwalaselwa njengolwelo oluthembisayo lokuhlamba.
Sibulela kakhulu kubasebenzi belabhoratri yophando yeYunivesithi yaseMisr yeSayensi nobuChwepheshe ngenkxaso yabo enkulu.