Nangona iindleko zangaphambili zesifudumezi samanzi elanga zinokuba phezulu kunesifudumezi samanzi esiqhelekileyo, amandla elanga oya kuwasebenzisa angavelisa ukonga okukhulu kunye neenzuzo zokusingqongileyo.Amanzi ashushu athatha i-18 ekhulwini yokusetyenziswa kwamandla kwikhaya, kodwa izifudumezi zamanzi zelanga zinokunqumla i-bill yakho yamanzi ashushu ngama-50 ukuya kuma-80 ekhulwini.
Kweli nqaku, siza kuchaza indlela izifudumezi zamanzi elanga ezinokukunceda ukuba usebenzise amandla avuselelekayo asimahla agcina imali kwaye axhamle iplanethi.Uxhotywe ngolu lwazi, unokwenza esona sigqibo silungileyo malunga nokuba isifudumezi samanzi elanga silutyalo-mali olufanelekileyo kwiimfuno zamanzi ashushu zekhaya lakho.
Ukubona ukuba ingakanani i-solar system epheleleyo yekhaya iya kuxabisa ikhaya lakho, unokufumana isicatshulwa samahhala, esingenasibophelelo esivela kwinkampani ephezulu yelanga kwindawo yakho ngokugcwalisa le fom ingezantsi.
Umsebenzi osisiseko wesifudumezi-manzi selanga kukuveza amanzi okanye ulwelo lotshintshiselwano lobushushu elangeni uze ujikelezise ulwelo olushushu lubuyele ekhayeni lakho ukuze lusetyenziswe ekhaya.Amalungu asisiseko azo zonke izifudumezi zamanzi elanga yitanki yokugcina kunye nomqokeleli oqokelela ubushushu elangeni.
Umqokeleli luluhlu lweepleyiti, iityhubhu okanye iitanki apho amanzi okanye ubushushu bokuhambisa ubushushu buthatha ubushushu belanga.Ukusuka apho, ulwelo lujikeleza kwitanki okanye kwiyunithi yokutshintsha ubushushu.
Izifudumezi zamanzi elanga zezona zisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo izixhobo zokugcina amandla zokufudumala kwamanzi ngaphambi kokungena kwi-heater yamanzi eqhelekileyo kwikhaya.Kodwa ezinye izifudumezi zamanzi zelanga zifudumeza kwaye zigcina amanzi ngaphandle kokusetyenziswa kweetanki zendabuko, zibonelela ngamanzi ashushu ashushu elanga ngokupheleleyo.
Kukho iindidi ezimbini eziphambili zokufudumala kwamanzi elanga: i-passive kunye ne-active.Umahluko oyintloko phakathi kwezi zibini kukuba iinkqubo ezisebenzayo zifuna ipompo ejikelezayo ukuhambisa amanzi, ngelixa iinkqubo ze-passive zithembele kwi-gravity ukuhambisa amanzi.
Kweyona ndlela ilula yabaqokeleli belanga, amanzi afudunyezwa kumbhobho aze adityaniswe ngokuthe ngqo kwimpompo ngombhobho xa kuyimfuneko.
Iisistim ezisebenzayo kunye ne-passive zinamacandelwana anikezelwe kwiimozulu ezahlukeneyo, ubufundisi, amandla kunye nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali.Okulungeleyo kuya kuxhomekeka kwezi zinto zilandelayo:
Nangona zibiza kakhulu kuneenkqubo zokwenziwa, izifudumezi zamanzi elanga ezisebenzayo zisebenza ngakumbi.Zimbini iintlobo zeenkqubo zokufudumeza zamanzi elanga ezisebenzayo:
Kwinkqubo ethe ngqo esebenzayo, amanzi okusela adlula ngokuthe ngqo kumqokeleli ukuya kwitanki yokugcina ukuze asetyenziswe.Afaneleke kakhulu kwimozulu epholileyo apho amaqondo obushushu angafane adiphe ngaphantsi kweqondo lomkhenkce.
Iinkqubo ezisebenzayo ezingathanga ngqo zijikeleza ulwelo olungeyo-efrijini ngokusebenzisa abaqokeleli belanga kunye nobushushu bobushushu apho ubushushu bolwelo bugqithiselwa kumanzi okusela.Amanzi ke aphinde asetyenziswe kwitanki yokugcina ukuze asetyenziswe ekhaya.Iinkqubo ezisebenzayo ezingangqalanga ziyimfuneko kwimozulu ebandayo apho amaqondo obushushu ahlala ehla ngaphantsi komkhenkce.Ngaphandle kweenkqubo ezingathanga ngqo ezisebenzayo, imibhobho ibeka umngcipheko wokukhenkceza nokugqabhuka.
Izifudumezi zamanzi zelanga ze-Passive ziyindlela engabizi kwaye ilula, kodwa iphinda ingabikho ngaphantsi kweenkqubo ezisebenzayo.Nangona kunjalo, zinokuthenjwa kwaye zihlala ixesha elide, ngoko akufanele uzihoye njengendlela yokukhetha, ngakumbi ukuba unohlahlo lwabiwo-mali.
Inkqubo ye-Integrated Collector Storage (ICS) yeyona nto ilula kuzo zonke ufakelo lokufudumeza kwamanzi elanga - umqokeleli usenokusetyenziswa njengetanki yokugcina. Zisebenza kakhulu, kodwa zisebenza kuphela kwiimozulu ezinomngcipheko ophantsi kakhulu wokukhenkceza. Inkqubo ye-ICS inokuba lula njengetanki enkulu emnyama okanye uthotho lwemibhobho yobhedu emincinci encanyathiselwe eluphahleni.
Iinkqubo ze-ICS zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukufudumeza amanzi kwizifudumezi eziqhelekileyo.Kwinkqubo enjalo, xa kufuneka amanzi, ishiya itanki yokugcina / umqokeleli kwaye iya kwisifudumezi samanzi sendabuko ekhaya.
Ingqwalasela ebalulekileyo kwiinkqubo ze-ICS ubukhulu kunye nobunzima: ngenxa yokuba iitanki ngokwazo nazo ziqokelela, zikhulu kwaye zinzima.Ulwakhiwo kufuneka lube namandla ngokwaneleyo ukuxhasa inkqubo ye-ICS eninzi, enokuthi ingenzeki okanye ingenzeki kwamanye amakhaya.Enye into engalunganga yenkqubo ye-ICS kukuba ijwayele ukukhenkceza kwaye ide iqhume kwimozulu ebanda kakhulu, iyenze ukuba ifike kwimozulu efudumeleyo okanye isetyenziswe kwimozulu efudumeleyo, kungenjalo ilungele ukusetyenziswa kwemozulu ebandayo okanye imvula.
Iinkqubo ze-Thermosyphon zithembele kwi-cycling ye-thermal.Amanzi ajikeleza njengoko amanzi afudumeleyo ephakama kwaye amanzi abandayo awela.Banetanki efana neyunithi ye-ICS, kodwa umqokeleli wehla ukusuka kwitanki ukuvumela ukuhamba ngebhayisikili eshushu.
Umqokeleli we-thermosiphon uqokelela ukukhanya kwelanga kwaye athumele amanzi ashushu emva kwitanki ngokusebenzisa i-loop evaliweyo okanye umbhobho wokushisa.Ngelixa i-thermosiphon iphumelele ngakumbi kuneenkqubo ze-ICS, azinakusetyenziswa apho ukukhutshwa rhoqo kwenziwa.
Okukhona usebenzisa amanzi ashushu ngakumbi, kokukhona kunokwenzeka ukuba isifudumezi sakho samanzi elanga siza kuzihlawulela ngokwaso ekuhambeni kwexesha.
Isifudumezi-manzi selanga esiqhelekileyo sixabisa malunga ne-9,000 yeedola ngaphambi kwe-incentives ye-federal, ifikelela ngaphezulu kwe-13,000 yeedola kwiimodeli ezisebenzayo eziphezulu.
Amaxabiso ahluka ngokusekelwe kwizinto ezininzi, kubandakanywa ukhetho lwakho lwezixhobo, ubungakanani benkqubo, iindleko zokufakela kunye nokugcinwa, kunye nokunye.Ngelixa iinkqubo ze-ICS ziyindlela ephantsi kakhulu (malunga ne-$ 4,000 yeyunithi ye-gallon ye-60), ayisebenzi kuzo zonke imozulu, ngoko ukuba ikhaya lakho libona amaqondo obushushu aqhelekileyo ngaphantsi kweqhwa, awunayo enye into ngaphandle kokuchitha Thenga inkqubo engathanga ngqo esebenzayo, okanye ubuncinane bokusebenzisa inkqubo engathanga ngqo yonyaka.
Ubunzima kunye nobukhulu beendlela ezingabizi kakhulu ze-passive zingabikho kumntu wonke.Ukuba isakhiwo sakho asikwazi ukuthwala ubunzima benkqubo yokwenziwa okanye awunaso isithuba, inkqubo esebenzayo ebiza kakhulu iphinda inketho yakho.
Ukuba usakha ikhaya elitsha okanye uxhasa ngemali, ungabala iindleko zesifudumezi-manzi sakho esitsha selanga kwi-mortgage yakho. Ukuquka iindleko zesifudumezi samanzi elanga esitsha kwi-mortgage yeminyaka engama-30 kuya kuxabisa i-$ 13 ukuya kwi-20 yeedola ngenyanga. Idityaniswe nenkuthazo ye-federal, unokuhlawula nje kancinci ukuba i-$ 10 ngenyanga okanye i-bill entsha ye-honciret i-$ 15. I-10- $ 15 ngenyanga, uya kuqala ukugcina imali ngokukhawuleza.Ukusebenzisa amanzi amaninzi, ngokukhawuleza inkqubo iya kuzihlawula ngokwayo.
Ukongeza kwiindleko zokuthenga kunye nokufaka inkqubo ngokwayo, kufuneka kwakhona uqwalasele iindleko zokusebenza zonyaka.Kwinkqubo ye-passive elula, oku akunanto okanye akunjalo.Kodwa kwiinkqubo ezininzi ezisebenzisa izifudumezi zamanzi eziqhelekileyo kunye nezifudumezi zelanga, uya kufaka ezinye iindleko zokufudumeza, nangona ziphantsi kakhulu kunezifudumezi eziqhelekileyo zodwa.
Awunayo ukuhlawula ixabiso elipheleleyo lenkqubo entsha yokufudumeza amanzi elanga.Iikhredithi zerhafu ye-Federal inokunciphisa kakhulu iindleko zokufakela.I-Federal Residential Energy Renewable Tax Credit (eyaziwa ngokuba yi-ITC okanye iTyala yeRhafu yoTyalo-mali) inokubonelela ngetyala lerhafu ye-26% yezifudumezi zamanzi elanga.Kodwa kukho ezinye iimeko zokufaneleka:
Uninzi lwamazwe, oomasipala, kunye neenkonzo zibonelela ngokwazo inkuthazo kunye nezaphulelo zokufakela izifudumezi zamanzi elanga.Jonga uvimba wedatha weDSIRE ngolwazi olungakumbi lolawulo.
Amacandelo esifudumezi samanzi elanga ayafumaneka kumatyathanga amaninzi esizwe, anjengeHome Depot.Units nazo zingathengwa ngokuthe ngqo kumvelisi, kunye neDuda Diesel kunye neSunbank Solar zibonelela ngeendlela ezininzi zokuhlala ezikhethekileyo zesifudumezi samanzi sesola.
Ekubeni kukho izinto ezininzi ezichaphazela ukuba yeyiphi i-heater yamanzi omele uyithenge, kuyacetyiswa ukuba usebenze kunye neengcali xa ukhetha kwaye ufaka inkqubo enkulu yokufudumeza kwamanzi elanga.
Izifudumezi zamanzi elanga aziqhelekanga njengoko zaziqhelekile. Oku kubangelwa ubukhulu becala ukuhla okumangalisayo kwexabiso leepaneli zelanga, nto leyo ekhokelele abantu abaninzi ebebeza kufakela izifudumezi zamanzi elanga ukuba bayeke ukusebenzisa umbane oveliswa ziipaneli zelanga ukufudumeza amanzi.
Izifudumezi zamanzi elanga zithatha izindlu ezixabisekileyo, kwaye kubanini bezindlu abanomdla wokuvelisa amandla abo elanga, kunokuba sengqiqweni ngakumbi ukwandisa indawo ekhoyo kunye nokuphelisa izifudumezi zamanzi elanga ngokupheleleyo, endaweni yokuthenga iipaneli zelanga.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba awunayo indawo yeepaneli zelanga, izifudumezi zamanzi elanga zisenokuba zifanelekile njengoko zithatha indawo encinci kakhulu kuneepaneli zelanga. Izifudumezi zamanzi elanga nazo ziyindlela enkulu kubantu abahlala kwiindawo ezikude okanye njenge-eco-friendly add-on kwi-solar power ekhoyo. Izifudumezi zamanzi zombane zanamhlanje zisebenza kakuhle kakhulu, kwaye xa ziqhutywa yi-solar panels ze-solar. .
Kubanikazi bezindlu ezininzi, isigqibo sehla kwixabiso.Izifudumezi zamanzi zelanga zinokubiza i-$ 13,000.Ukubona ukuba ingakanani i-solar system epheleleyo yekhaya iya kuxabisa ikhaya lakho, unokufumana isicatshulwa samahhala, esingenasibophelelo kwinkampani ephezulu yelanga kwindawo yakho ngokuzalisa ifom engezantsi.
Ingaba okanye i-heater yamanzi yelanga ifanelekile kuxhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kwindawo ohlala kuyo, iimfuno zakho kunye nezinto ozikhethayo, nokuba uceba ukufaka iipaneli zelanga.Umhlaba olahlekileyo wezifudumezi zamanzi elanga ubukhulu becala ngenxa yokwanda kwe-solar yasekhaya: Abantu abafakela izifudumezi zamanzi elanga nabo bafuna amandla elanga, kwaye bahlala bekhetha ukuhoxisa izifudumezi zamanzi elanga ezikhuphisana kwindawo yophahla oluxabisekileyo.
Ukuba unaso isithuba, isifudumezi-manzi selanga sinokuthoba intlawulo yakho yamanzi ashushu. Xa sisetyenziswa kunye neminye imithombo yamandla ahlaziyekayo, izifudumezi zamanzi elanga zihlala zilukhetho olubalaseleyo phantse kuso nasiphi na isicelo.
Inkqubo yesifudumezi samanzi elanga yelanga ixabisa malunga ne-9,000 yeedola, kunye neemodeli ezikumgangatho ophezulu eziya kuthi ga kwi-13,000 yeedola. Izifudumezi ezincinci ziya kuba zitshiphu kakhulu, ukusuka kwi-1,000 ukuya kwi-3,000 yeedola.
Eyona nto ingathandekiyo kakhulu yezifudumezi zamanzi elanga kukuba aziyi kusebenza kwinkungu, imvula okanye iintsuku ezinamafu, okanye ebusuku.Ngelixa oku kunokoyiswa kunye nezifudumezi ezincedisayo zendabuko, kusengumngcipheko oqhelekileyo kuzo zonke i-solar technologies.Ukugcinwa kwe-solar ingaba enye i-shutdown.Ngelixa ngokubanzi ifuna ukugcinwa okuncinci kakhulu, ukhuseleko lwe-solarcorsion oluqhelekileyo lufuna ukugcinwa kwe-solarcorsion, ukucocwa kwe-drainage yamanzi rhoqo kunye nokucoca i-solar corsion.
Izifudumezi zamanzi elanga zijikelezisa ulwelo ngokusebenzisa abaqokeleli belanga (abona badla ngokuba yipleyiti ecaba okanye abaqokeleli ityhubhu), fudumeza ulwelo kwaye uluthumele kwitanki okanye kwisitshintshisi, apho ulwelo lusetyenziselwa ukufudumeza amanzi asekhaya.
UChristian Yonkers ngumbhali, umfoti, umenzi bhanyabhanya, kunye nomntu wangaphandle othe phithi kukudityaniswa kwabantu neplanethi.Usebenza neempawu kunye nemibutho enempembelelo kwezentlalo nokusingqongileyo kombindi wayo, ebancedisa ukubalisa amabali atshintsha ihlabathi.