Intsimbi engatyiwayo ayiyonto inzima ukusebenza nayo, kodwa ukuwelda kufuna uqwalaselo olululo kwinkcukacha.Ayibutshisi ubushushu njengentsimbi ethambileyo okanye ialuminiyam, kwaye inokuphulukana nokumelana nomhlwa xa ubeka ubushushu obuninzi kuyo.Ezona zenzo zilungileyo zinceda ukugcina ukubola kwayo.Umfanekiso: IMiller yoMbane
Ukuxhatshazwa kwe-corrosion yensimbi engenasici kwenza kube yinto ekhangayo kwizicelo ezininzi ze-tubing ezibaluleke kakhulu, kubandakanywa ukutya okucocekile okuphezulu kunye nesiselo, i-pharmaceutical, isitya soxinzelelo kunye ne-petrochemical applications.Nangona kunjalo, le nto ayichithi ukushisa njengentsimbi epholileyo okanye i-aluminium, kunye ne-welding engafanelekanga inokunciphisa ukunyameka kwayo.
Ukulandela ezinye iindlela ezingcono zokutshiza insimbi engenasici kunokunceda ukuphucula iziphumo kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba isinyithi sigcina ukuxhathisa kwayo.
Kwi-welding steel stainless steel, ukhetho lwensimbi yokuzalisa lubalulekile ekulawuleni umxholo wekhabhoni.Iintsimbi zokuzalisa ezisetyenziselwa ukudibanisa ipayipi yensimbi engenasici kufuneka ikhulise ukusebenza kwe-weld kwaye ihlangabezane neemfuno zesicelo.
Khangela iintsimbi zokuzalisa kunye negama elithi "L", elifana ne-ER308L, njengoko libonelela ngomxholo ophantsi wekhabhoni onceda ukugcina ukunyanzeliswa kwe-corrosion ye-alloys yensimbi engenasici ephantsi kwekhabhoni. Ukuthunga isinyithi esisezantsi sekhabhoni enesiseko sesinyithi esiqhelekileyo kwandisa umxholo wekhabhoni we-welded joint, okwandisa umngcipheko wokugqwala. Gwema iintsimbi zokuzalisa eziphawulwe ngomgangatho ophezulu wekhabhoni ophawulwe ngomgangatho ophakamileyo wekhabhoni ophawulweyo kunye nomgangatho ophakamileyo wekhabhoni ophawulwe ngomgangatho ophakamileyo wekhabhoni ophawulweyo kunye nomgangatho wokushisa owenziweyo .
Xa i-welding steel stainless, kubalulekile ukuba ukhethe isinyithi sokuzalisa kunye namanqanaba aphantsi okulandelela (eyaziwa nangokuthi ukungcola) kwezinto.Ezi zizinto ezishiyekileyo kwizinto ezisetyenziselwa ukwenza i-filler metals, kuquka i-antimony, i-arsenic, i-phosphorus kunye ne-sulfure.Zinokuchaphazela kakhulu ukuxhathisa ukubola kwezinto.
Ekubeni insimbi engenasici inomdla kakhulu kwigalelo lobushushu, ukulungiswa ngokudibeneyo kunye nokuhlanganisana okufanelekileyo kudlala indima ephambili ekulawuleni ubushushu ukugcina izinto eziphathekayo.Ngenxa yezithuba phakathi kwamacandelo okanye ukulingana okungalinganiyo, itotshi kufuneka ihlale kwindawo enye ixesha elide kwaye isinyithi sokuzalisa kufuneka sizalise ezo zikhewu. intsimbi encinane ngokusondeleyo ngokugqibeleleyo kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
Ukucoceka kwesi sixhobo kubaluleke kakhulu.Ixabiso elincinci kakhulu lokungcola okanye ukungcola kumalungu adibeneyo angabangela iziphene ezinciphisa amandla kunye nokuxhatshazwa kwe-corrosion yemveliso yokugqibela.Ukucoca i-substrate phambi kwe-welding, sebenzisa i-brush ekhethekileyo yensimbi engenasici engazange isetyenziswe kwi-carbon steel okanye i-aluminium.
Kwinsimbi engenasici, i-sensitization iyona nto ibangela ukulahlekelwa kwe-corrosion resistance.Oku kunokwenzeka xa ukushisa kwe-welding kunye neqondo lokupholisa liguquguquka kakhulu, litshintsha i-microstructure yezinto.
Le weld ye-OD kwipayipi yensimbi engenasici, idityaniswe kusetyenziswa i-GMAW kunye ne-metal deposition elawulwayo (RMD) ngaphandle kokubuyisela umva kwi-root pass, ifana nenkangeleko kunye nomgangatho kwi-welds eyenziwe nge-backflushed GTAW.
Inxalenye ephambili yokumelana ne-corrosion yensimbi engenasici yi-chromium oxide.Kodwa ukuba umxholo wekhabhoni kwi-weld uphezulu kakhulu, i-chromium carbide iya kubumba.Ezi zibophe i-chromium kwaye zithintele ukubunjwa kwe-chromium oxide efunwayo, enika i-corrosion resistance.Ukuba akukho zixhobo ezaneleyo ze-corrosion.Ukuba akukho zixhobo zaneleyo ze-corrosion ziyakwenzeka.
Ukuthintelwa kokuvuselela kwehla ekukhethweni kwentsimbi yokuzalisa kunye nokulawula igalelo lobushushu.Njengoko kukhankanywe ngaphambili, kubalulekile ukukhetha isinyithi esisezantsi se-carbon filler ye-stainless steel welding.Nangona kunjalo, i-carbon ngamanye amaxesha iyafuneka ukuba inike amandla kwizicelo ezithile.Ukulawula ukushisa kubaluleke kakhulu xa i-carbon filler metals ingekho inketho.
Nciphisa ubungakanani bexesha i-weld kunye nobushushu obuchatshazelwe bubushushu buhlala kumaqondo obushushu aphakamileyo-athathwa njenge-950 ukuya kwi-1,500 degrees Fahrenheit (ama-500 ukuya kuma-800 degrees Celsius).Ixesha elincinci le-soldering elichitha kolu luhlu, ubushushu obuncinci buvelisa.Jonga rhoqo kwaye uqaphele ubushushu be-interpass kwinkqubo ye-soldering yesicelo.
Enye inketho kukusebenzisa iintsimbi zokuzalisa ezenzelwe kunye namacandelo e-alloying afana ne-titanium kunye ne-niobium ukukhusela i-chromium carbide formation.Ngenxa yokuba la macandelo achaphazela amandla kunye nokuqina, ezi zinyithi zokuzalisa azikwazi ukusetyenziswa kuzo zonke izicelo.
I-gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) ye-root pass yindlela yendabuko yokufaka umbhobho wensimbi engenasici. Oku ngokuqhelekileyo kufuna ukubuyisela i-argon ukunceda ukuthintela i-oxidation ngasemva kwe-weld.Nangona kunjalo, ukusetyenziswa kweenkqubo ze-wire welding kwi-tubing ye-stainless steel stainless steel tubing iyanda kwaye ixhaphake.
Xa welding steel stainless usebenzisa igesi metal arc welding (GMAW) inkqubo, argon kunye carbon dioxide, umxube argon kunye neoksijini, okanye umxube-gas ezintathu (helium, argon, kunye carbon dioxide) ngokwesiko kusetyenziswa. Ngokuqhelekileyo, le imixube iqulathe ubukhulu becala argon okanye helium kwaye ngaphantsi kwe-5% carbon dioxide, njengoko carbon dioxide ekhuthazwayo ibonelela carbonrensit pool kunyuswa i-carbon dioxide kunyuswa i-carbon dioksidi enconyiweyo. W kwintsimbi engenasici.
I-Flux-core wire yensimbi engenasici yenzelwe ukuba iqhube kunye nomxube wendabuko we-75% ye-argon kunye ne-25% ye-carbon dioxide.
Njengoko iinkqubo ze-GMAW ziye zaguquka, zenze lula ukuwelda kweetyhubhu zetsimbi kunye nemibhobho.Nangona ezinye izicelo zisenokufuna iinkqubo ze-GTAW, iinkqubo zocingo eziphuculweyo zinokubonelela ngomgangatho ofanayo kunye nemveliso ephezulu kwizicelo ezininzi zensimbi engenasici.
Iintsimbi ze-ID zensimbi ezingenasici ezenziwe nge-GMAW RMD zifana nomgangatho kunye nokubonakala kwe-OD ehambelanayo.
Ukugqithiswa kweengcambu usebenzisa inkqubo ye-GMAW yesiphaluka esifutshane eguqulwayo njengeMiller's Regulated Metal Deposition (RMD) isusa ukubuyisela umva kwezinye izicelo ze-austenitic stainless steel.Ingcambu ye-RMD yokudlula ingalandelwa yi-pulsed GMAW okanye i-arc-cored arc welding fill kunye ne-cap passes-utshintsho olugcina ixesha kunye nemali xa kuthelekiswa nokusebenzisa i-GTAW enkulu, kunye ne-back-purging pipes.
I-RMD isebenzisa ngokuchanekileyo ukuhanjiswa kwetsimbi ye-short-circuit elawulwa ngokuchanekileyo ukuvelisa i-arc ezolile, ezinzileyo kunye ne-weld puddle.Oku kunika ithuba elincinci lokuhamba okubandayo okanye ukungabikho kokudibanisa, ukutshiza okuncinci kunye nomgangatho ophezulu we-root root pass.Ukudluliselwa kwentsimbi elawulwa ngokuchanekileyo kukwabonelela ngokubeka i-droplet efanayo kunye nokulawulwa lula kwe-weld pool kwaye ngoko ke igalelo lobushushu kunye nesantya se-welding.
Iinkqubo ezingaqhelekanga zinokunyusa imveliso ye-welding.Xa usebenzisa i-RMD, isantya se-welding sinokuba ngu-6 ukuya kwi-12.
Le nkqubo ye-GMAW ye-pulsed ibonelela ngobude obufutshane be-arc, i-arc cones encinci kunye ne-input encinci yokushisa kunesiqhelo sokutshiza i-pulse transfer.Njengoko inkqubo ivaliwe-loop, i-arc drift kunye ne-tip-to-workpiece umgama wokuhluka kuyacinywa. ucingo olunye kunye negesi enye, ukuphelisa amaxesha okutshintsha inkqubo.
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