I-Argon backflush ivame ukudingeka ekushiseleni amashubhu ensimbi engagqwali namapayipi kusetshenziswa izinqubo ezivamile ezifana negesi evikelekile ye-tungsten arc welding (GTAW) kanye nokushisela i-arc yensimbi evikelekile (SMAW).Kodwa izindleko zegesi kanye nesikhathi sokusetha senqubo yokuhlanza kungabaluleka, ikakhulukazi njengoba ububanzi bepayipi nobude bukhula.
Lapho beshisela i-300 Series insimbi engagqwali, osonkontileka bangaqeda ukuphuma emuva ekushiselweni kwezimpande zezimpande ngokushintsha kusukela ku-GTAW noma i-SMAW yendabuko baye enqubweni yokushisela ethuthukisiwe, kuyilapho begcina ama-welds ekhwalithi ephezulu, begcina ukumelana nokugqwala, futhi behlangabezana Nokucaciswa Kwenqubo Ye-Welding (WPS).) idinga inqubo ye-arc welding yensimbi yesifunda esifushane (GMAW).Inqubo ye-GMAW yesifunda esifushane ethuthukisiwe iphinde inikeze ukusebenza okwengeziwe, ukusebenza kahle kanye nezinzuzo zokusebenzisa kalula ukusiza ukukhulisa inzuzo.
Ngenxa yokumelana nokugqwala namandla, ama-alloys ensimbi engagqwali asetshenziswa ezindaweni eziningi zamapayipi namapayipi, okuhlanganisa uwoyela negesi, amakhemikhali e-petrochemical, nama-biofuels.Nakuba i-GTAW ijwayele ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni eziningi zensimbi engagqwali, inobubi obuthile obusingathwa nge-GMAW yesekethe emfushane ethuthukisiwe.
Okokuqala, njengoba kunokushoda okuqhubekayo kwabashiseli abanamakhono, ukuthola izisebenzi ezijwayelene ne-GTAW kuyinselele eqhubekayo.Okwesibili, i-GTAW akuyona inqubo yokushisela eshesha kakhulu, evimbela izinkampani ezifuna ukukhulisa umkhiqizo ukuze zihlangabezane nezidingo zamakhasimende.Okwesithathu, kudinga ukubuyiselwa emuva okude nokubizayo kwamapayipi ensimbi engagqwali.
Iyini impendulo?I-Purge ukwethulwa kwegesi ngesikhathi senqubo yokushisela ukuze kukhishwe ukungcola futhi kunikeze ukwesekwa.I-back side purge ivikela uhlangothi olungemuva lwe-weld kusukela ekwakhekeni kwama-oxide asindayo lapho kukhona umoya-mpilo.
Uma uhlangothi olungemuva lungavikelekile ngesikhathi sokushisela umsele wempande ovulekile, kungase kubangele ukulimala kwesisekelo.Lokhu kuqhekeka kubizwa nge-saccharification ngoba kubangela indawo efana noshukela ngaphakathi kwe-weld.Ukuze avimbele ukuchachamba, umshiseli ufaka ipayipi legesi engxenyeni eyodwa yepayipi bese exhuma ekugcineni kwepayipi ngevalve yokuhlanza.Baphinde benza imbobo ngakolunye uhlangothi lwepayipi.Futhi ngokuvamile bafaka i-tape eduze kokuvulwa kwejoyinti.Ngemva kokuhlanza ipayipi, basusa ucezu lwetheyiphu ezungeze isihlanganisi futhi baqala ukushisela, bephinda inqubo yokuhlubula nokushisela kuze kube yilapho ubuhlalu bezimpande buphelile.
Susa ukuhlehla.Ukubuyisela emuva kungadla isikhathi esiningi nemali, kwezinye izimo kwengeze izinkulungwane zamaRandi kuphrojekthi.Ukushintshela kunqubo ethuthukisiwe yomjikelezo omfushane we-GMAW kuvumela inkampani ukuthi yenze amaphasi ezimpande ngaphandle kokubuyela emuva ezinhlelweni eziningi zensimbi engagqwali.I-Welding 300 series stainless steels ifaneleka kahle kulokhu, kuyilapho ukushisela izinsimbi ezingenasici eziphindwe kabili okwamanje kudinga i-GTAW yokudlula impande.
Ukugcina okokufaka kokushisa kuphansi ngangokunokwenzeka kusiza ukugcina ukumelana nokugqwala kwendawo yokusebenza.Enye indlela yokunciphisa okokufaka ukushisa ukunciphisa inani lamaphasi we-welding.Izinqubo ezithuthukisiwe ze-GMAW ze-shortcircuit ezifana ne-controlled metal deposition (RMD®) zisebenzisa ukudluliswa kwensimbi okulawulwa ngokunembile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukufakwa kwamaconsi okufanayo.Lokhu kwenza kube lula ngomshiseli ukulawula i-weld pool, yona elawula okokufaka kokushisa nesivinini sokushisela.Ukufaka ukushisa okuncane kuvumela iphuli yokushisela ukuthi iqhwa ngokushesha.
Ngenxa yokudluliswa kwensimbi okulawulwayo kanye nokubanda okusheshayo kwechibi lokushisela, i-weld pool ayinazo iziyaluyalu futhi igesi evikelayo iphuma ethoshi le-GMAW ngokushelela ngokuqhathaniswa.Lokhu kuvumela igesi evikelayo ukuthi idlule empandeni eveziwe, iphoqelele umoya futhi ivimbele i-shugaring noma i-oxidation ngaphansi kwe-weld.Lokhu kufakwa kwegesi kuthatha isikhathi esifushane ngoba ama-puddles aba yiqhwa ngokushesha okukhulu.
Ukuhlola kubonise ukuthi inqubo ye-GMAW yesekethe emfushane eguquliwe ihlangabezana nezindinganiso zekhwalithi yokushisela kuyilapho igcina ukumelana nokugqwala kwensimbi engagqwali ye-GTAW yezimpande zobuhlalu.
Ukushintsha inqubo yokushisela kudinga inkampani ukuthi iphinde iqinisekise i-WPS, kodwa ukushintsha okunjalo kungaholela enzuzweni enkulu yesikhathi nokongiwa kwezindleko emsebenzini omusha wokukhiqiza nokulungisa.
Ukushisela imisele yezimpande evulekile usebenzisa inqubo ye-GMAW yesifunda esifushane esithuthukisiwe inikeza izinzuzo ezengeziwe ekukhiqizeni, ukusebenza kahle kanye nemfundo yokushisela.Lokhu kuhlanganisa:
Iqeda amathuba okuba khona kwamashaneli ashisayo ngenxa yokuthi kungenzeka ukuthi kuvele insimbi eyengeziwe ukuze kwandiswe ukushuba komgudu wempande.
Ukumelana okuhle kakhulu nokufuduka okuphezulu nokuphansi phakathi kwezigaba zamapayipi.Ngokudluliswa kwensimbi okubushelelezi, le nqubo ingavala kalula izikhala ezingafika ku-3⁄16 amayintshi.
Ubude be-arc buhlala njalo kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isandiso se-electrode, esinxephezela ubunzima babaqhubi abakuthola kunzima ukugcina isandiso esiqhubekayo.I-weld pool elawulwa kalula kanye nokudluliselwa kwensimbi efanayo kunganciphisa isikhathi sokuqeqeshwa kwabashiseli abasha.
Isikhathi esincishisiwe soshintsho lwenqubo.Ucingo olufanayo kanye negesi yokuvikela ingasetshenziselwa izimpande, ukugcwalisa kanye nokuvala imisele.Inqubo ye-pulsed GMAW ingasetshenziswa uma nje iziteshi zigcwaliswa futhi zivalwa okungenani ngama-80% ngegesi evikela i-argon.
Ngomsebenzi wokubuyela emuva kwensimbi engenasici, kubalulekile ukulandela amathiphu amahlanu abalulekile oshintsho oluyimpumelelo lwenqubo ye-GMAW yesifunda esifushane esilungisiwe.
Hlanza amapayipi ngaphakathi nangaphandle ukuze ususe noma yikuphi ukungcola.Sebenzisa ibhulashi lezintambo elidizayinelwe insimbi engagqwali ukuze uhlanze ingemuva lelunga okungenani iyintshi engu-1 ukusuka onqenqemeni.
Sebenzisa i-silicon ephezulu yensimbi yokugcwalisa insimbi efana ne-316LSi noma i-308LSi.Okuqukethwe kwe-silicon ephakeme kukhuthaza ukumanziswa kwe-weld pool futhi kusebenza njenge-deoxidizer.
Ukuze uthole imiphumela engcono kakhulu, sebenzisa ingxube yegesi yesihlangu eyakhelwe ngokukhethekile inqubo, efana no-90% we-helium, u-7.5% we-argon, no-2.5% we-carbon dioxide.Enye inketho i-98% argon kanye ne-2% ye-carbon dioxide.Umphakeli wegesi yokushisela angase abe nezinye izincomo.
Ukuze uthole imiphumela engcono kakhulu, sebenzisa ithiphu ye-conical kanye nethiphu ye-root canal ukuze uthole ukumbozwa kwegesi.I-conical nozzle ene-gas diffuser eyakhelwe ngaphakathi inikeza ukumbozwa okuhle kakhulu.
Qaphela ukuthi ukusebenzisa inqubo ye-GMAW yesekethe emfushane eguquliwe ngaphandle kwegesi eyisipele kuholela enanini elincane lemfucumfucu ngaphansi kwendawo yokushisela.Ivamise ukushabalala njengoba i-weld iphola futhi ihlangabezana namazinga ekhwalithi embonini kawoyela, izitshalo zikagesi namakhemikhali e-petrochemical.
UJim Byrne ungumphathi wokuthengisa nezicelo we-Miller Electric Mfg. LLC, 1635 W. Spencer St., Appleton, WI 54912, 920-734-9821, www.millerwelds.com.
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