Ukwamukelwa kokukhiqizwa kwezithasiselo zensimbi kuqhutshwa yizinto ezingaphrinta.Izinkampani emhlabeni jikelele kudala zikubona lokhu kushayela futhi bezilokhu zisebenza ngokungakhathali ukuze zandise izikhali zazo zezinto zokunyathelisa ze-3D zensimbi.
Ukucwaninga okuqhubekayo ekuthuthukisweni kwezinto ezintsha zensimbi, kanye nokuhlonza izinto zendabuko, kuye kwasiza ubuchwepheshe ukuba buzuze ukwamukelwa okubanzi.Ukuze uqonde izinto ezitholakalayo zokuphrinta kwe-3D, sikulethela uhlu olubanzi kakhulu lwezinto zokuphrinta ze-3D zensimbi ezitholakala ku-intanethi.
I-Aluminium (AlSi10Mg) yayingenye yezinto zokuqala zensimbi ze-AM okufanele zifaneleke futhi zenzelwe ukuphrinta kwe-3D.Iyaziwa ngokuqina namandla ayo.Iphinde ibe nenhlanganisela enhle kakhulu yezinto ezishisayo nezomshini, kanye namandla adonsela phansi akhethekile.
Izicelo ze-aluminium (AlSi10Mg) izinto zokwakha izithasiselo zensimbi ziyi-aerospace nezingxenye zokukhiqiza izimoto.
I-Aluminium AlSi7Mg0.6 ine-conductivity enhle kagesi, i-thermal conductivity enhle kakhulu kanye nokumelana nokugqwala okuhle.
I-Aluminium (AlSi7Mg0.6) Izisetshenziswa Zokukhiqiza Izinsimbi Zokukhiqiza i-Prototyping, Ucwaningo, I-Aerospace, Izishintshisi Zezimoto kanye Nokushisa
I-AlSi9Cu3 iyi-aluminium-, i-silicon-, ne-alloy esekwe ngethusi.I-AlSi9Cu3 isetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ezidinga amandla amahle okushisa okuphezulu, ukuminyana okuphansi kanye nokumelana nokugqwala okuhle.
Izicelo ze-aluminium (AlSi9Cu3) izinto zokwakha izithasiselo zensimbi ku-prototyping, ucwaningo, i-aerospace, izimoto kanye nezishintshisi zokushisa.
I-Austenitic chromium-nickel alloy enamandla amakhulu nokumelana nokugqoka.Amandla okushisa aphezulu amahle, ukwakheka kanye nokushisela.Ngokumelana nokugqwala kwayo okuhle kakhulu, okuhlanganisa izindawo zokugoba kanye ne-chloride.
Ukusetshenziswa kwensimbi engagqwali engu-316L yokukhiqiza okungeziwe kwensimbi ku-aerospace kanye nezingxenye zokukhiqiza zezokwelapha (amathuluzi okuhlinzwa).
Imvula iqinisa insimbi engagqwali ngamandla amangalisayo, ukuqina kanye nokuqina.Inenhlanganisela enhle yamandla, ukusebenziseka kalula, ukwelashwa kalula nokumelana nokugqwala, okuyenza ibe yinto ethandwayo esetshenziswa ezimbonini eziningi.
Izinto zokwenziwa kwensimbi ezingagqwali eziyi-15-5 PH zingasetshenziswa ukwenza izingxenye ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene.
Imvula iqinisa insimbi engagqwali enamandla amakhulu kanye nezakhiwo zokukhathala.Inokuhlanganiswa okuhle kwamandla, ukukwazi ukusebenza, ukukhululeka kokwelashwa kokushisa nokumelana nokugqwala, okwenza kube insimbi evame ukusetshenziswa ezimbonini eziningi.17-4 PH insimbi engagqwali iqukethe i-ferrite, kuyilapho i-15-5 insimbi engenasici ayinayo i-ferrite.
Izinto zokwenziwa kwensimbi ezingagqwali eziyi-17-4 PH zingasetshenziswa ukwenza izingxenye ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene.
Insimbi eqinisa i-martensitic inokuqina okuhle, amandla aqinile kanye nezakhiwo eziphansi ze-warpage.Kulula ukusemshinini, ukuqina nokushisela.I-ductility ephezulu yenza kube lula ukubumba izinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukene.
Insimbi ye-Maraging ingasetshenziswa ukwenza amathuluzi omjovo nezinye izingxenye zomshini wokukhiqiza ngobuningi.
Leli cala lensimbi eliqinile linokuqina okuhle nokumelana nokugqokwa okuhle ngenxa yokuqina okuphezulu kwendawo ngemuva kokwelashwa kokushisa.
Izinto ezibonakalayo zensimbi eqinile ziyenza ilungele ukusetshenziswa okuningi kobunjiniyela bezimoto nobujwayelekile kanye namagiya nezingxenye ezisele.
Insimbi yensimbi ye-A2 iyinsimbi esebenza ngezindlela eziningi eqinisa umoya futhi ivame ukubhekwa njengensimbi “yenhloso evamile” yomsebenzi obandayo.Ihlanganisa ukumelana nokugqokwa okuhle (phakathi kwe-O1 ne-D2) nokuqina.Ingaphathwa ukushisa ukuze kwandiswe ubulukhuni nokuqina.
Insimbi yensimbi ye-D2 inokumelana okuhle kakhulu kokugqoka futhi isetshenziswa kakhulu ekusebenzeni okubandayo lapho amandla aphezulu okucindezela, imiphetho ebukhali kanye nokumelana nokugqoka kuyadingeka.Kungaphathwa ukushisa ukuze kwandiswe ubulukhuni nokuqina.
Insimbi yensimbi ye-A2 ingasetshenziswa ekwenziweni kweshidi lensimbi, izibhakela nezifayo, izindwani ezingagugi, amathuluzi okugunda.
I-4140 iyinsimbi ephansi ye-alloy equkethe i-chromium, i-molybdenum ne-manganese.Ingenye yezinsimbi ezisebenza ngezindlela eziningi, ezinokuqina, amandla okukhathala okuphezulu, ukumelana nokugqokwa, kanye nokumelana nomthelela, okuyenza ibe insimbi eguquguqukayo yokusebenza kwezimboni.
I-4140 Steel-to-Metal AM impahla isetshenziswa ku-jig and fixtures, izimoto, amabhawudi/amantongomane, amagiya, ama-couplings ensimbi, nokuningi.
Insimbi yensimbi ye-H13 iyinsimbi yokusebenza eshisayo ye-chromium molybdenum.Ebonakala ngobulukhuni bayo nokumelana nokugqoka, insimbi yensimbi ye-H13 inokuqina okuhle kakhulu okushisayo, ukumelana nokuqhekeka kokukhathala okushisayo kanye nokuzinza kokwelashwa kokushisa - okuyenza ibe insimbi ekahle kukho kokubili izinhlelo zokusebenza zamathuluzi ezishisayo nezibandayo.
Izinto zokwakha izithasiselo zensimbi yensimbi ye-H13 zinezinhlelo zokusebenza kuma-extrusion dies, umjovo uyafa, ukufa kwe-hot forging, ama-die casting cores, okufakwayo kanye nemigodi.
Lokhu okuhlukile okuthandwa kakhulu kwe-cobalt-chromium metal additive material.Kuyi-superalloy ekwazi ukumelana nokuguga nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu.Iphinde ikhombise izakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zemishini, ukumelana nemihuzuko, ukumelana nokugqwala, kanye ne-biocompatibility emazingeni okushisa aphakeme, okuyenza ilungele ukufakwa kokuhlinzwa nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ezigqokwa kakhulu, okuhlanganisa nezingxenye zokukhiqiza zasemkhathini.
I-MP1 iphinde ibonise ukumelana nokugqwala okuhle kanye nezakhiwo ezizinzile zemishini ngisho namazinga okushisa aphezulu.Ayiqukethe i-nickel ngakho-ke ibonisa ukwakheka okuhle, okusanhlamvu okufanayo.Le nhlanganisela ilungele ukusetshenziswa okuningi ezimbonini ze-aerospace kanye nezokwelapha.
Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezijwayelekile zihlanganisa i-prototyping yezimila ze-biomedical ezifana nomgogodla, idolo, inqulu, izinzwane nezimila zamazinyo.Ingase futhi isetshenziselwe izingxenye ezidinga izici eziqinile zemishini emazingeni okushisa aphezulu kanye nezingxenye ezinezici ezincane kakhulu njengezindonga ezincane, izikhonkwane, njll. ezidinga ikakhulukazi amandla aphezulu kanye/noma ukuqina.
I-EOS CobaltChrome SP2 iyi-cobalt-chromium-molybdenum-based superalloy powder eyenziwe ngokukhethekile ukuze ihlangabezane nezidingo zokubuyiselwa kwamazinyo okumele kufakwe i-veneered ngezinto zobumba zamazinyo, futhi ilungiselelwe ngokukhethekile uhlelo lwe-EOSINT M 270.
Izicelo zifaka phakathi ukukhiqizwa kokubuyiselwa kwamazinyo ensimbi yobumba (PFM), ikakhulukazi imiqhele namabhuloho.
I-CobaltChrome RPD iyingxubevange yamazinyo esekwe ku-cobalt esetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni amazinyo okufakelwa ingxenye akhiphekayo.Inamandla okugcina eqinile we-1100 MPa kanye namandla esivuno angama-550 MPa.
Ingenye yengxubevange ye-titanium esetshenziswa kakhulu ekukhiqizeni izithasiselo zensimbi.Inezici ezinhle kakhulu zemishini kanye nokumelana nokugqwala okunamandla adonsela phansi akhethekile.Idlula amanye ama-alloys anesilinganiso sayo esihle kakhulu sesisindo, i-machinability nekhono lokwelapha ukushisa.
Leli banga futhi libonisa izici ezinhle kakhulu zemishini kanye nokumelana nokugqwala okunamandla adonsela phansi athize aphansi.Leli banga liye lathuthukisa i-ductility namandla okukhathala, okulenza lifaneleke kabanzi izimila zezokwelapha.
Le superalloy ibonisa amandla amahle kakhulu okukhiqiza, amandla aqinile, namandla okuphuka emazingeni okushisa aphakeme.Izakhiwo zayo ezingavamile zivumela onjiniyela ukuthi basebenzise izinto ezisetshenziswayo ukuze bafake izicelo zamandla aphezulu ezindaweni eziyingozi kakhulu, njengezingxenye ze-turbine embonini ye-aerospace ezivame ukuba ngaphansi kwezimo ezishisa kakhulu.
Ingxubevange ye-nickel, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Inconel TM 625, iyingxubevange enamandla amakhulu, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu eliqinile kanye nokumelana nokugqwala.Isebenzisa amandla aphezulu ezindaweni ezinokhahlo.Imelana kakhulu ne-pitting, ukugqwala kwe-crevice kanye nokuqhekeka kokugqwala kwengcindezi endaweni ye-chloride.Ilungele ukwakhiwa kwezingxenye zendiza.
I-Hastelloy X inamandla amahle kakhulu okushisa aphezulu, ukusebenza kahle kanye nokumelana ne-oxidation.Imelana nokucindezeleka kokuqhekeka kwe-corrosion ezindaweni ze-petrochemical.Ibuye ibe nezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zokwakha kanye nezakhiwo zokushisela.Ngakho-ke, isetshenziselwa izinhlelo zokusebenza zamandla aphezulu ezindaweni ezinzima.
Izicelo ezivamile zihlanganisa izingxenye zokukhiqiza (amakamelo omlilo, izibasi kanye nezisekelo ezithandweni zezimboni) ezingaphansi kwezimo ezishisayo ezishisayo kanye nengozi enkulu ye-oxidation.
Ithusi sekuyisikhathi eside liyinto ethandwayo yokukhiqiza okunezithako zensimbi.Ithusi lokuphrinta le-3D sekuyisikhathi eside lingenakwenzeka, kodwa izinkampani ezimbalwa manje sezenze ngempumelelo ukuhlukahluka kwethusi ukuze zisetshenziswe ezinhlelweni ezihlukahlukene zokukhiqiza izithasiselo zensimbi.
Ukukhiqiza ithusi kusetshenziswa izindlela zendabuko kunzima kakhulu, kudla isikhathi futhi kuyabiza.Ukuphrinta kwe-3D kususa iningi lezinselele, okuvumela abasebenzisi ukuthi baphrinte izingxenye zethusi eziyinkimbinkimbi yejometri ngokugeleza komsebenzi okulula.
I-Copper iyinsimbi ethambile, ethambile evame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu ekuqhubeni ugesi futhi iqhube ukushisa.Ngenxa yezinga layo eliphezulu lokuhamba kukagesi, ithusi liyinto efanelekile kumasinki amaningi okushisa nezishintshisi zokushisa, izingxenye zokusabalalisa amandla njengamabha amabhasi, izinto zokukhiqiza njengezibambo zokushisela, izinti zokuxhumana zamafrikhwensi omsakazo, nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza.
Ithusi elicwengekile eliphakeme linomoya omuhle kagesi kanye ne-thermal conductivity futhi lifaneleka ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza.Izinto ezibonakalayo zethusi ziyenza ibe yinto ekahle ekushintshanisweni kokushisa, izingxenye ze-rocket injini, amakhoyili e-induction, i-electronics, nanoma yisiphi isicelo esidinga ukuqhutshwa kahle kukagesi njengamasinki okushisa, izingalo zokushisela, izinti, imigoqo yamabhasi eyinkimbinkimbi, nokuningi.
Le khopha emsulwa ethengiswayo ihlinzeka ngokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokushisayo nogesi okufika ku-100% IACS, iyenze ilungele ama-inductors, amamotho, nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi.
Le alloy yethusi ine-conductivity enhle kagesi kanye ne-thermal kanye nezakhiwo ezinhle zemishini.Lokhu kube nomthelela omkhulu ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kwegumbi le-rocket.
I-Tungsten W1 iyingxubevange ye-tungsten ehlanzekile eyakhiwe yi-EOS futhi ihlolelwe ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zensimbi ze-EOS futhi iyingxenye yomndeni wezinto ezibukwayo eziyimpuphu.
Izingxenye ezenziwe nge-EOS Tungsten W1 zizosetshenziswa ezakhiweni zokuqondisa ze-X-ray ezinezindonga ezincane.Lawa magridi alwa nokuhlakazeka angatholakala emishinini yokuthwebula esetshenziswa kwezokwelapha (ezomuntu kanye nezilwane) nakwezinye izimboni.
Izinsimbi eziyigugu njengegolide, isiliva, iplatinamu ne-palladium zingaphrintwa kahle nge-3D ezinhlelweni zokukhiqiza izithasiselo zensimbi.
Lezi zinsimbi zisetshenziswa ezintweni ezehlukene, okuhlanganisa ubucwebe namawashi, kanye nezimboni zamazinyo, zikagesi, nezinye.
Sibone ezinye zezinto ezithandwa kakhulu futhi ezisetshenziswa kakhulu zensimbi zokunyathelisa ze-3D kanye nokuhlukahluka kwazo.Ukusetshenziswa kwalezi zinto kuncike kubuchwepheshe ezihambisana nabo kanye nokusetshenziswa kokugcina komkhiqizo.Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi izinto zendabuko kanye nezinto zokunyathelisa ze-3D aziguquguquki ngokuphelele.Izinto ezibonakalayo zingabonisa amazinga ahlukahlukene emishini, eshisayo, kagesi kanye nezinye izakhiwo ngenxa yezinqubo ezahlukene.
Uma ufuna umhlahlandlela ophelele wokuqalisa ngokuphrinta kwe-3D yensimbi, kufanele uhlole okuthunyelwe kwethu kwangaphambilini mayelana nokuqaliswa kokuphrinta kwe-3D kwensimbi kanye nohlu lwamasu okukhiqiza izithasiselo zensimbi, bese ulandela okunye okuthunyelwe okumboza zonke izici zokuphrinta kwe-3D yensimbi.