Kusukela kumaketanga e-robotic drive kuya kumabhande okuthutha emisebenzini ye-supply chain kuya ekuzulazuleni kwemibhoshongo ye-turbine yomoya, ukuzwa isikhundla kuwumsebenzi obalulekile ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza.Kungathatha izinhlobo eziningi, kufaka phakathi i-linear, rotary, angular, absolute, incremental, contact and non-contact sensors.Izinzwa ezikhethekile ziye zathuthukiswa ngama-pontition sensimens ezintathu ezingakwazi ukunquma ama-Poteech. ductive, eddy current, capacitive, magnetostrictive, Hall effect, fibre optic, optical kanye ne-ultrasonic.
Le FAQ inikeza isingeniso esifushane ezinhlotsheni ezihlukahlukene zokuzwa indawo, bese ibuyekeza uhla lobuchwepheshe abaklami abangakhetha kubo lapho benza isixazululo senzwa yendawo.
Izinzwa zokuma kwe-Potentiometric zingamadivayisi asekelwe ekumelaneni ahlanganisa ithrekhi eqinile yokumelana nesesula esinamathiselwe entweni okumele ukuma kwayo kuzwakale.Ukunyakaza kwento kugudluza isisula eduze kwethrekhi.Ukuma kwento kukalwa kusetshenziswa inethiwekhi yesihlukanisi se-voltage eyakhiwe ngamarayili nama-wiper ukuze kulinganiswe ukunyakaza komugqa noma okuzungezayo nge-voltage ye-DC engaguquki (Umfanekiso 1 kodwa inzwa evamile i-Pote iphansi.
Izinzwa zokuma kwe-inductive zisebenzisa izinguquko ezimpahleni zikazibuthe ezitholwe kukhoyili yenzwa.Ngokuya ngesakhiwo sazo, zingakala izindawo eziqondile noma ezijikelezayo.Izinzwa ze-Linear Variable Differential Transformer (LVDT) zisebenzisa amakhoyili amathathu asongelwe eshubhuni elingenalutho;ikhoyili eyisisekelo namakhoyili amabili esibili.Amakhoyili axhunywe ochungechungeni, futhi ubudlelwano besigaba sekhoyili yesibili buyi-180° ngaphandle kwesigaba ngokuphathelene nekhoyili eyinhloko.Ikhoyili ye-ferromagnetic ebizwa ngokuthi i-armature ifakwa ngaphakathi kweshubhu futhi ixhunywe entweni esendaweni elinganiswayo.I-voltage ye-excitation isetshenziswa kukhoyili eyinhloko kanye namandla kazibuthe ka-electromagnetic (i-EMF) i-voltage yesibili ephakathi kwe-coil ye-EMF ukuma kwe-armature kanye nalokho enamathiselwe kukho kunganqunywa.I-rotating voltage differential transformer (RVDT) isebenzisa indlela efanayo yokulandelela indawo ezungezayo.Izinzwa ze-LVDT ne-RVDT zinikeza ukunemba okuhle, ukuhambisana, ukuxazulula nokuzwela okuphezulu.Azikhuni futhi zingavalwa ukuze zisetshenziswe ezindaweni ezinokhahlo.
Izinzwa zamanje ze-Eddy zisebenza nezinto eziguqukayo.Amaza e-Eddy ama-currents akhangwe avela ezintweni ezihambisayo lapho kukhona indawo kazibuthe eshintshayo.Lawa mazasa ageleza endaweni eyiluphu evaliwe futhi akhiqize indawo yesibili kazibuthe.Izinzwa zamanje ze-Eddy zihlanganisa amakhoyili namasekhethi omugqa.I-current eshintshanayo inika amandla ikhoyili ukuze idale ama-conductives akhona lapho ikhona indawo kazibuthe eshintshayo.Lawa ma-currents ageleza endaweni eyiluphu evaliwe futhi akhiqize indawo kazibuthe yesibili. ekhiqizwa ama-eddy currents, athinta i-impedance yekhoyili.Njengoba into isondela kukhoyili, ukulahlekelwa kwamanje kwe-eddy kuyanda futhi i-oscillating voltage iba mncane (Umfanekiso 2).I-voltage ye-oscillating iyalungiswa futhi icutshungulwe yisekethe ye-linearizer ukuze kukhiqizwe ukuphuma kwe-DC eqondile ngokulingana nebanga lento.
Amadivayisi amanje e-Eddy aqinile, angaxhumene nawo ngokuvamile asetshenziswa njengezinzwa ze-proximity.Angama-omnidirectional futhi angakwazi ukucacisa ibanga elihlobene ukuya entweni, kodwa hhayi isiqondiso noma ibanga eliphelele eliya entweni.
Njengoba igama liphakamisa, izinzwa ze-capacitive position zikala izinguquko kukhono lokunquma indawo yento ezwayo.Lezi zinzwa ezingathinteki zingasetshenziswa ukukala indawo yomugqa noma yokuzungezisa.Zihlanganisa amapuleti amabili ahlukaniswe i-dielectric material futhi asebenzise indlela eyodwa kwezimbili ukuthola indawo yento:
Ukuze udale ushintsho ku-dielectric constant, into okumele kubonwe isikhundla sayo inamathiselwe ku-dielectric material.Njengoba impahla ye-dielectric ihamba, i-dielectric constant esebenzayo ye-capacitor iyashintsha ngenxa yokuhlanganiswa kwendawo ye-dielectric material kanye ne-dielectric constant of air.Okunye, into ingaxhunywa kwelinye lamapuleti, i-platetor ihambise futhi iguqule i-capacitor ekude. i-capacitance isetshenziselwa ukunquma indawo ehlobene.
Izinzwa ezinamandla zingakwazi ukukala ukufuduka, ibanga, indawo kanye nobukhulu bezinto.Ngenxa yokuqina nokulungiswa kwesignali ephezulu, izinzwa ze-capacitive displacement zisetshenziswa endaweni yaselabhorethri neyezimboni.Isibonelo, izinzwa ze-capacitive zisetshenziselwa ukukala ukushuba kwefilimu kanye nezinhlelo zokunamathela ezinqubweni ezizenzakalelayo.Emishinini yezimboni, zisetshenziselwa ukuqapha ukufuduka kanye nendawo yamathuluzi.
I-Magnetostriction iyisici sezinto ze-ferromagnetic ezibangela ukuthi impahla ishintshe usayizi noma umumo wayo uma kusetshenziswa inkambu kazibuthe.Kunzwa yesikhundla kazibuthe, uzibuthe wendawo ogudlukayo unamathiselwe entweni elinganiswayo.Iqukethe i-waveguide ehlanganisa izintambo ezithwala ama-pulses amanje, axhunywe kwinzwa etholakala ekugcineni kwe-waveguide ye-waveguide, i-Figu ithunyelwa phansi i-waveguide i-waveguide yamanje. ucingo oluthintana ne-axial magnetic field uzibuthe unomphela (umazibuthe ku-cylinder piston, Umfanekiso 3a). Ukusebenzisana kwensimu kubangelwa ukusonteka (umphumela we-Wiedemann), ohlunga ucingo, okhiqiza i-acoustic pulse esakazeka eduze kwe-waveguide futhi itholwa inzwa ekupheleni kwe-wave 3 ye-wave . i-pulse yamanje kanye nokutholwa kwe-acoustic pulse, indawo ehlobene ye-position magnetic ngakho-ke into ingakalwa (Fig.3c).
Izinzwa zokuma kazibuthe izinzwa okungezona ukuthintana ezisetshenziselwa ukuthola indawo yomugqa.Ama-Waveguides avame ukufakwa ensimbi engagqwali noma kumashubhu e-aluminium, okwenza lezi zinzwa zisetshenziswe ezindaweni ezingcolile noma ezimanzi.
Uma i-conductor encane, eyisicaba ibekwe endaweni kazibuthe, noma yikuphi ukugeleza kwamanje kuvame ukwakha ohlangothini olulodwa lwekhondatha, okwenza umehluko ongaba khona obizwa ngokuthi i-voltage yaseHholo. Ngokulinganisa amandla kagesi eHholo, indawo yento inganqunywa.Kunezinzwa ezikhethekile zokuma kweHall-effect ezinganquma indawo ngobukhulu obuthathu (Umfanekiso 4).Izinzwa zokuma kweHall-effect zingamadivayisi angaxhumene nawo ahlinzeka ngokuthembeka okuphezulu nokuzwa ngokushesha, futhi asebenza ebangeni elibanzi lokushisa.Zisetshenziswa ebangeni labathengi, izicelo zezimboni, ezezimoto nezokwelapha.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyisisekelo zezinzwa ze-fiber optic.Kuzinzwa ze-fiber optic zangaphakathi, i-fiber isetshenziswa njenge-elementi yokuzwa.Kuzinzwa ze-fiber optic zangaphandle, i-fiber optics ihlanganiswa nobunye ubuchwepheshe benzwa ukuze kudluliselwe isignali kuma-electronics akude ukuze acutshungulwe.Esimeni sokukalwa kwendawo ye-fiber optic, idivayisi efana ne-optical time domain reflectometer ingasetshenziswa ukuze kutholwe ukubambezeleka kwesizinda sesizinda se-waves kungasetshenziswa ukuze kusetshenziswe ukulibaziseka kwesizinda se-waves. i-refleometer.Izinzwa ze-Fiber optic azikwazi ukuphazanyiswa yi-electromagnetic, zingaklanywa ukuthi zisebenze emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, futhi azihambisani, ngakho-ke zingasetshenziswa eduze kwengcindezi ephezulu noma izinto ezivuthayo.
Enye inzwa ye-fiber-optic esekelwe kubuchwepheshe be-fiber Bragg grating (FBG) ingase isetshenziselwe ukulinganisa indawo.I-FBG isebenza njengesihlungi se-notch, ebonisa ingxenyana encane yokukhanya egxile ku-Bragg wavelength (λB) lapho ikhanyiswa ukukhanya okubanzi okubanzi. , ukusheshisa nomthwalo.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zezinzwa ze-optical position, ezaziwa nangokuthi ama-optical encoder.Kwesinye isimo, ukukhanya kuthunyelwa kumamukeli ngakolunye uhlangothi lwenzwa.Ohlotsheni lwesibili, isignali yokukhanya ekhishiwe iboniswa into egadiwe futhi ibuyiselwe emthonjeni wokukhanya.Ngokuya ngomklamo wenzwa, izinguquko ezimpahleni zokukhanya, ezifana nobude be-wavelength, ukushuba, isigaba noma into etholakalayo ukucacisa indawo ye-polarptical sensor. i-ar kanye ne-rotary motion.Lezi zinzwa ziwela ezigabeni ezintathu eziyinhloko;izishumeki ze-optical transmissive, izifaki khodi ezikhanyayo, nezishumeki ze-interferometric optical.
Izinzwa ze-Ultrasonic position zisebenzisa ama-piezoelectric crystal transducers ukuze zikhiphe amagagasi e-ultrasonic avamile.Inzwa ikala umsindo ovelayo.Izinzwa ze-Ultrasonic zingasetshenziswa njengezinzwa ezilula zokusondelana, noma imiklamo eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu inganikeza ulwazi oluhlukahlukene.Izinzwa zokuma kwe-Ultrasonic zisebenza nezinto eziqondiwe zezinto ezihlukahlukene nezici ezingaphezulu, futhi zingakwazi ukubona izinhlobo ze-viration ezincanyana kunezinto eziningi ezimelana nebanga. Umsindo omncane, imisebe ye-infrared kanye nokuphazamiseka kazibuthe.Izibonelo zezicelo ezisebenzisa izinzwa ze-ultrasonic position zihlanganisa ukutholwa kweleveli yoketshezi, ukubala izinto ngesivinini esikhulu, amasistimu wokuzulazula amarobhothi, nezinzwa zezimoto. ).
Izinzwa zokuma zingakala umugqa ophelele noma ohlobene, ukunyakaza okuzungezayo nokwe-angular kwezinto.Izinzwa zokuma zingakala ukunyakaza kwamadivayisi afana nama-actuator noma amamotho.Zisetshenziswa futhi kumapulatifomu eselula njengamarobhothi nezimoto.Kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe obuhlukahlukene kuzinzwa zokuma nezinhlanganisela ezihlukahlukene zokuqina kwemvelo, izindleko, ukunemba, ukunemba, nokunye.
I-3D Magnetic Position Sensors, Allegro MicrosystemsUkuhlaziya kanye Nokuthuthukisa Ukuvikeleka Kwezinzwa Ze-Ultrasonic Zezimoto Ezizihambelayo, IEEE Internet of Things Journal Ungakhetha kanjani inzwa yesikhundla, I-Cambridge Integrated CircuitsIzinhlobo zezinzwa ze-Ixthus InstrumentationIyini inzwa yendawo eguquguqukayo?, I-KeyenceSensitiveK Iyini I-PosineSensitive
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