Ama-welds ama-longitudinal emigoqweni yensimbi engagqwali acishwa ngokwe-electrochemically ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhamba kahle.Isithombe sihlonishwa yi-Walter Surface Technologies
Ake sithi umkhiqizi ungena esivumelwaneni sokwenza umkhiqizo oyinhloko wensimbi engagqwali.Izingxenye zensimbi namapayipi ziyasikwa, zigotshwe futhi zishiselwe ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa esiteshini sokuqedela.Ingxenye iqukethe amapuleti ashiselwe aqonde epayipini.Ama-welds abukeka emuhle, kodwa akulona inani elifanele umthengi alifunayo.Ngenxa yalokho, umshini wokugaya uchitha isikhathi ekhipha insimbi eshisela ngaphezu kokujwayelekile.Khona-ke, maye, kwavela okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okuhlukile - isibonakaliso esicacile sokufaka ukushisa okukhulu.Kulokhu, lokhu kusho ukuthi ingxenye ngeke ihlangabezane nezidingo zekhasimende.
Ngokuvamile kwenziwa ngesandla, ukugcoba nokuqeda kudinga ubuciko nobuciko.Amaphutha ekuqedeni angabiza kakhulu uma kucatshangelwa lonke inani elibekwe endaweni yokusebenza.Ukwengeza izinto ezibizayo ezizwela ukushisa njengensimbi engagqwali, ukusebenza kabusha kanye nezindleko zokufakwa kwezilahliwe zingaba phezulu.Uma kuhlanganiswe nezinkinga ezinjengokungcoliswa kanye nokwehluleka kwe-passivation, ukusebenza kwensimbi engagqwali okwake kwaba nenzuzo kungase kungabi nanzuzo noma kulimaze isithunzi.
Abakhiqizi bakuvimbela kanjani konke lokhu?Bangaqala ngokwandisa ulwazi lwabo lokugaya nokuqeda, baqonde izindima abazidlalayo nokuthi zithinta kanjani izingcezu zensimbi engagqwali.
Lawa akuwona omqondofana.Eqinisweni, wonke umuntu unemigomo ehluke ngokuphelele.Ukugaya kususa izinto ezifana nama-burrs kanye nensimbi ye-weld eyeqile, kuyilapho ukuqeda kunikeza isiphetho esihle endaweni yensimbi.Ukudideka kuyaqondakala, ngoba labo abagaya ngamasondo amakhulu okugaya basusa insimbi eningi ngokushesha, futhi imihuzuko ejulile ingashiywa kule nqubo.Kodwa uma ugaya, imihuzuko iwumphumela kuphela, umgomo uwukukhipha ngokushesha okubalulekile, ikakhulukazi uma usebenza ngezinsimbi ezizwela ukushisa njengensimbi engagqwali.
Ukuqeda kwenziwa ngezigaba njengoba umqhubi eqala ngegrit eqinile futhi eqhubekela emasondweni okugaya, ama-abrasive angalukiweyo kanye nendwangu ezwakalayo kanye nokunamathisela kokupholisha ukuze afinyelele isibuko.Inhloso ukuzuza isiphetho esithile sokugcina (iphethini yokuklwebha).Isinyathelo ngasinye (igrit ecolekile) sisusa imihuzuko ejulile esinyathelweni sangaphambilini bese sifaka imihuzuko emincane esikhundleni sazo.
Njengoba ukugaya nokuqeda kunezinjongo ezihlukene, ngokuvamile aziphelelisi futhi zingadlala ngokumelene uma kusetshenziswa isu elingalungile lezinto ezisetshenziswayo.Ukuze asuse insimbi yokushisela ngokweqile, u-opharetha wenza imihuzuko ejulile kakhulu ngesondo lokugaya, bese edlulisela ingxenye kumgqoki, manje okufanele achithe isikhathi esiningi esusa le mihuzuko ejulile.Lokhu kulandelana kusuka ekugayeni kuya ekuqedeni kusengaba indlela ephumelela kakhulu yokuhlangabezana nezidingo zokuqedela ikhasimende.Kodwa futhi, lezi akuzona izinqubo ezengeziwe.
Izingxenye zokusebenza eziklanyelwe ukusebenza ngokuvamile azidingi ukugaya noma ukuqedwa.Izingxenye ezifakwe esihlabathini zenza lokho kuphela ngoba ukwenza isihlabathi kuyindlela esheshayo yokususa izinto ezishiselayo noma ezinye izinto, futhi imihuzuko ejulile eshiywe yisondo lokugaya ilokho kanye ikhasimende elikufunayo.Izingxenye ezidinga ukuqedwa kuphela zenziwa ngendlela yokuthi ukususwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo kungadingeki.Isibonelo esijwayelekile ingxenye yensimbi engagqwali ene-weld enhle evikelwe i-electrode ye-tungsten emane idinga ukuhlanganiswa futhi ifaniswe nephethini yokuqeda ye-substrate.
Imishini yokugaya enamadiski okukhipha impahla ephansi ingadala izinkinga ezinkulu lapho isebenza ngensimbi engagqwali.Ngokufanayo, ukushisa ngokweqile kungabangela i-bluing kanye noshintsho ezintweni ezibonakalayo.Umgomo uwukugcina insimbi engagqwali ibanda ngangokunokwenzeka kuyo yonke inqubo.
Kulokhu, kuyasiza ukukhetha isondo lokugaya elinesilinganiso sokususa esisheshayo sohlelo lokusebenza nesabelomali.Amasondo e-Zirconium agaya ngokushesha kune-alumina, kodwa amasondo e-ceramic asebenza kahle kakhulu ezimweni eziningi.
Izinhlayiya ze-ceramic ezinamandla kakhulu nezibukhali zigqokwa ngendlela eyingqayizivele.Njengoba kancane kancane zihlakazeka, azibi flat, kodwa zigcina umkhawulo obukhali.Lokhu kusho ukuthi angakwazi ukususa impahla ngokushesha okukhulu, ngokuvamile ngokushesha izikhathi eziningana kunamanye amasondo okugaya.Ngokuvamile, lokhu kwenza amasondo e-ceramic okugaya afaneleke imali.Zilungele ukwenza insimbi engagqwali, njengoba zisusa ngokushesha ama-chips amakhulu futhi zikhiqize ukushisa okuncane kanye nokuguqulwa.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umkhiqizi ukhetha liphi isondo lokugaya, ukungcola okungase kube khona kufanele kukhunjulwe.Abakhiqizi abaningi bayazi ukuthi abakwazi ukusebenzisa isondo elifanayo lokugaya kokubili i-carbon steel nensimbi engagqwali.Abantu abaningi bahlukanisa ngokoqobo imisebenzi yokugaya ikhabhoni nensimbi engagqwali.Ngisho nezinhlansi ezincane ze-carbon steel eziwela ezingxenyeni zensimbi engagqwali zingadala izinkinga zokungcola.Izimboni eziningi, njengezimboni zemithi nezenuzi, zidinga ukuthi izinto ezisetshenziswayo zilinganiselwe njengezingangcolisi.Lokhu kusho ukuthi amasondo ensimbi engagqwali kufanele akhululeke cishe (ngaphansi kuka-0.1%) wensimbi, isulfure ne-chlorine.
Amasondo okugaya awazigayi, adinga ithuluzi lamandla.Noma ubani angakhangisa izinzuzo zamasondo okugaya noma amathuluzi kagesi, kodwa iqiniso liwukuthi amathuluzi kagesi namasondo awo okugaya asebenza njengesistimu.Amasondo e-Ceramic okugaya aklanyelwe ama-angle grinders anamandla athile kanye ne-torque.Nakuba ezinye izigayi zomoya zinezincazelo ezidingekayo, ezimweni eziningi ukugaya amasondo e-ceramic kwenziwa ngamathuluzi wamandla.
Ama-grinders anamandla anganele kanye ne-torque angabangela izinkinga ezinkulu ngisho nama-abrasives anamuhla.Ukuntuleka kwamandla kanye ne-torque kungabangela ithuluzi ukuba lehlise ijubane kakhulu ngaphansi kwengcindezi, ngokuyinhloko kuvimbela izinhlayiya ze-ceramic esondweni lokugaya ukuthi zenze lokho eziklanyelwe ukukwenza: ukususa ngokushesha izingcezu ezinkulu zensimbi, ngaleyo ndlela kuncishiswe inani lezinto ezishisayo ezingena esondo lokugaya.isondo lokugaya.
Lokhu kubhebhethekisa umjikelezo ononya: ama-sander abona ukuthi akukho lutho olususwayo, ngakho-ke acindezela ngokwemvelo, okudala ukushisa okudlulele kanye nokukhanya okuluhlaza.Bagcina sebephusha kakhulu baze bacwebezelise amasondo okuphoqa ukuthi basebenze kanzima baphinde bakhiqize ukushisa ngaphambi kokuthi babone ukuthi badinga ukushintsha amasondo.Uma usebenza ngale ndlela ngamashubhu noma amashidi amancane, agcina esedlulela ezintweni.
Yiqiniso, uma opharetha bengaqeqeshwanga kahle, ngisho namathuluzi angcono kakhulu, lo mjikelezo ononya ungenzeka, ikakhulukazi uma kuziwa ekucindezelweni abakubeka ku-workpiece.Umkhuba ongcono kakhulu uwukusondela ngangokunokwenzeka kumsinga olinganiselwe we-grinder.Uma opharetha esebenzisa i-10 amp grinder, kufanele acindezele kakhulu kangangokuthi umshini wokugaya udonsa cishe ama-amps ayi-10.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-ammeter kungasiza ukumisa ukusebenza kokugaya uma umkhiqizi ecubungula inani elikhulu lensimbi ebizayo engagqwali.Yiqiniso, imisebenzi embalwa empeleni isebenzisa i-ammeter njalo, ngakho-ke kungcono ukulalela ngokucophelela.Uma u-opharetha ezwa futhi ezwa i-RPM yehla ngokushesha, kungenzeka ukuthi uphusha kakhulu.
Ukulalela ukuthinta okulula kakhulu (okungukuthi, ukucindezela okuncane kakhulu) kungaba nzima, ngakho ukunaka ukugeleza kwenhlansi kungasiza kulokhu.Insimbi engagqwali esandeni ikhiqiza izinhlansi ezimnyama kune-carbon steel, kodwa kufanele zisabonakala futhi ziphume ngokulinganayo endaweni yokusebenza.Uma u-opharetha ngokuzumayo ebona izinhlansi ezimbalwa, kungase kube ngenxa yokungawasebenzisi amandla anele noma ukungacwazisi isondo.
Ama-opharetha kufanele futhi agcine i-engeli yokusebenza engashintshi.Uma besondela ku-workpiece cishe nge-engeli elungile (cishe ihambisane nendawo yokusebenza), bangabangela ukushisa okuphawulekayo;uma zisondela nge-engeli enkulu kakhulu (cishe zime mpo), zisengozini yokushayeka unqenqema lwesondo ensimbi.Uma besebenzisa uhlobo lwamasondo angu-27, kufanele basondele emsebenzini nge-engeli engu-20 kuya ku-30 ​​degrees.Uma benohlobo lwamasondo angu-29, i-engeli yabo yokusebenza kufanele ibe ngu-10 degrees.
Amasondo okugaya ohlobo lwama-28 (ama-tapered) ajwayele ukusetshenziselwa ukugaya izindawo eziyisicaba ukuze kususwe izinto ezindleleni ezibanzi zokugaya.Lawa masondo anama-tapered asebenza kahle kakhulu kuma-engeli aphansi okugaya (cishe ama-degree angu-5) ngakho asize ukwehlisa ukukhathala komsebenzisi.
Lokhu kwethula esinye isici esibalulekile: ukukhetha uhlobo olufanele lwesondo lokugaya.Isondo lohlobo lwe-27 linendawo yokuxhumana yensimbi, uhlobo lwesondo lwe-28 lunomugqa othintana naye ngenxa yesimo sawo esiyi-conical, uhlobo lwamasondo angu-29 lunokuxhumana.
Amasondo anamuhla ohlobo oluvamile lwama-27 angenza umsebenzi ezindaweni eziningi, kodwa ukuma kwawo kwenza kube nzima ukusebenza ngezingxenye ezijulile ezinamaphrofayili namajika, njengamashubhu ensimbi engagqwali ashiselwe.Ukuma kwephrofayili yesondo loHlobo lwama-29 kusiza umsebenzi wama-opharetha adinga ukugaya izindawo ezihlanganisiwe ezigobile neziyisicaba.Isondo lohlobo lwama-29 lenza lokhu ngokwandisa indawo yokuxhumana, okusho ukuthi u-opharetha akudingeki achithe isikhathi esiningi egaya endaweni ngayinye - isu elihle lokunciphisa ukugcwala kokushisa.
Empeleni, lokhu kusebenza kunoma yiliphi isondo lokugaya.Lapho ugaya, opharetha akufanele ahlale endaweni efanayo isikhathi eside.Ake sithi u-opharetha ukhipha insimbi ku-fillet ngamamitha ambalwa ubude.Iyakwazi ukushayela isondo ngokufushane ukuya phezulu naphansi, kodwa lokhu kungabangela ucezu lokusebenza ukuthi lushise kakhulu njengoba ligcina isondo endaweni encane isikhathi eside.Ukunciphisa okokufaka ukushisa, opharetha angakwazi ukugijima yonke i-weld endaweni eyodwa ekhaleni elilodwa, bese ephakamisa ithuluzi (ukuvumela ucezu lokusebenza ukuthi lupholile) futhi udlulise ucezu lokusebenza ngendlela efanayo kwelinye ikhala.Ezinye izindlela ziyasebenza, kodwa zonke zinento eyodwa efanayo: zigwema ukushisa ngokweqile ngokugcina isondo lokugaya linyakaza.
Lokhu futhi kusizwa nezindlela ezisetshenziswa kakhulu "zokukama".Ake sithi u-opharetha ugaya i-butt weld endaweni eyisicaba.Ukuze anciphise ukucindezeleka okushisayo nokumba ngokweqile, wayegwema ukusunduza umshini wokugaya eduze kwelunga.Kunalokho, uqala ekugcineni bese eqhuba umshini wokugaya eduze kwelunga.Lokhu kuphinde kuvimbele isondo ukuthi lingashoni kude kakhulu ezintweni.
Kunjalo, noma iyiphi inqubo ingashisisa insimbi uma opharetha esebenza kancane kakhulu.Sebenza kancane kakhulu futhi opharetha uzoshisa kakhulu ucezu lokusebenza;uma uhamba ngokushesha kakhulu, ukugcotshwa kwesihlabathi kungathatha isikhathi eside.Ukuthola indawo emnandi yejubane lokuphakela ngokuvamile kuthatha ulwazi.Kodwa uma u-opharetha engawazi umsebenzi, angakwazi ukugaya izinsalela ukuze “azwe” izinga lokuphakelayo elifanele lesiqephu sokusebenza.
Isu lokuqeda lincike esimweni esingaphezulu sempahla njengoba ingena futhi iphuma emnyangweni wokuqeda.Nquma indawo yokuqala (isimo sobuso esitholiwe) nendawo yokugcina (iyadingeka ukuqeda), bese wenza uhlelo lokuthola indlela engcono kakhulu phakathi kwalawo maphuzu amabili.
Ngokuvamile indlela engcono kakhulu ayiqali nge-abrasive enolaka kakhulu.Lokhu kungase kubonakale kungenangqondo.Phela, kungani ungaqali ngesihlabathi esimahhadla ukuze uthole indawo emagebhugebhu bese udlulela esihlabathini esicolekile?Bekungeke yini kube ukungasebenzi kahle kakhulu ukuqala ngokusanhlamvu kakhudlwana?
Akudingekile, lokhu futhi kuhlobene nesimo sokuqhathanisa.Njengoba igrit ecolekile ifinyelelwa esinyathelweni ngasinye, isibandisi sithatha isikhundla sokuklwebheka okujulile sibe esicolekile, esicolekile.Uma ziqala ngama-sandpaper angama-40 noma i-flip pan, zizoshiya imihuzuko ejulile ensimbi.Kungaba kuhle uma lokhu kuklwebheka kuzosondeza ubuso eduze nesiphetho osifunayo, yingakho kukhona izinto zokuqeda zegrit ezingama-40 ezitholakalayo.Kodwa-ke, uma ikhasimende licela ukuqedwa kwe-#4 (i-sandanding directional), imihuzuko ejulile eshiywe ngu-#40 grit ithatha isikhathi eside ukuyisusa.Izingcweti ziya kosayizi abaningi benhlanzi noma zichithe isikhathi esiningi zisebenzisa ama-grit abrasives ukuze zisuse leyo mihuzuko emikhulu futhi zifake ezincanyana esikhundleni sazo.Konke lokhu akusebenzi nje kuphela, kodwa futhi kushisa i-workpiece kakhulu.
Kunjalo, ukusebenzisa ama-grit abrasives ezindaweni ezimaholoholo kungase kuhambe kancane futhi, kuhlanganiswe nekhono elibi, kubangele ukushisa okukhulu.Amadiski amabili-koyedwa noma amile angasiza kulokhu.Lawa ma-disc ahlanganisa izindwangu ezi-abrasive ezihlanganiswe nezinto zokwelashwa ezingaphezulu.Bavumela ngempumelelo umdwebi ukuthi asebenzise ama-abrasives ukuze asuse izinto ngenkathi eshiya isiphetho esibushelelezi.
Isinyathelo esilandelayo ekuqedeni singabandakanya ukusetshenziswa kwezindwangu ezingezona ezilukiwe, ezibonisa esinye isici esiyingqayizivele sokuqeda: inqubo isebenza kangcono ngamathuluzi wamandla wejubane eliguquguqukayo.I-engeli grinder egijima ngo-10,000 rpm ingakwazi ukuphatha izinto ezilimazayo, kodwa izoncibilika ngokuphelele ezinye izinto ezingalukiwe.Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, abaqedile behlisa ijubane baye ku-3,000-6,000 rpm ngaphambi kokuqeda ama-nonwovens.Yiqiniso, isivinini esiqondile sincike ekusetshenzisweni nasekusetshenzisweni.Isibonelo, izigubhu ezingalukiwe zivame ukuzungeza ku-3,000 kuya ku-4,000 rpm, kuyilapho amadiski okwelapha angaphezulu ejwayele ukuzungeza ku-4,000 kuya ku-6,000 rpm.
Ukuba namathuluzi afanele (izigayi zejubane eziguquguqukayo, izinto zokuqedela ezihlukahlukene) nokunquma inani eliphelele lezinyathelo ngokuyisisekelo kunikeza imephu ebonisa indlela engcono kakhulu phakathi kwezinto ezingenayo neziqediwe.Indlela eqondile incike ekusetshenzisweni, kodwa abalungisi abanolwazi balandela le ndlela besebenzisa izindlela ezifanayo zokunquma.
Imiqulu engalukiwe iqedela indawo yensimbi engagqwali.Ukuze uqedele ngempumelelo kanye nempilo enhle esebenzisekayo, izinto zokuqedela ezihlukene zisebenza ngesivinini esihlukile sokuzungezisa.
Okokuqala, zithatha isikhathi.Uma zibona ucezu oluncane lwensimbi engagqwali luyafudumala, bayayeka ukuqeda endaweni ethile baqale kwenye.Noma bangase basebenze kuma-artifact amabili ahlukene ngesikhathi esisodwa.Sebenza kancane kwenye bese kwenye, unikeze esinye isiqeshana isikhathi sokupholisa.
Lapho ipholisha kuze kube sekugcineni kwesibuko, isipholishi singapholisha ngesigubhu sokupholisha noma idiski yokupholisha iqonde esinyathelweni sangaphambilini.I-cross sanding igqamisa izindawo okufanele zihlangane nephethini yokuklwebha yangaphambilini, kodwa namanje azilethi ubuso bufinyelele ekugcineni kwesibuko esingu-#8.Uma yonke imihuzuko isisusiwe, indwangu ezwakele kanye nephedi yokugoqa kuyodingeka ukuze kwakhiwe isiphetho esicwebezelayo esifiselekayo.
Ukuze bathole isiphetho esifanele, abakhiqizi kufanele banikeze abaqedi ngamathuluzi afanele, okuhlanganisa amathuluzi wangempela nezinto zokwakha, kanye namathuluzi okuxhumana, njengokwenza amasampula ajwayelekile ukuze banqume ukuthi isiphetho esithile kufanele sibukeke kanjani.Lawa masampuli (afakwe eduze komnyango wokuqeda, emaphepheni okuqeqesha, nasezindaweni zezincwadi zokuthengisa) asiza ukugcina wonke umuntu ekubude begagasi obufanayo.
Mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwangempela kwamathuluzi (okuhlanganisa amathuluzi kagesi nama-abrasives), i-geometry yezinye izingxenye ingaba inselele ngisho naseqenjini lokuqeda elinolwazi kakhulu.Lokhu kuzosiza amathuluzi ochwepheshe.
Ake sithi u-opharetha udinga ukuhlanganisa ipayipi lensimbi engenasici elinezindonga ezincane.Ukusebenzisa ama-flap discs noma ngisho nezigubhu kungaholela ezinkingeni, ukushisa ngokweqile, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nendawo eyisicaba eshubhu ngokwayo.Yilapho izigayi zamabhande ezenzelwe amapayipi zingasiza khona.Ibhande lokuthutha lihlanganisa iningi lobubanzi bepayipi, lisakaza izindawo zokuxhumana, ukwandisa ukusebenza kahle nokunciphisa okokufaka ukushisa.Kodwa-ke, njengakho konke okunye, ingcweti isadinga ukuhambisa i-sander yebhande endaweni ehlukile ukuze kuncishiswe ukushisa okweqile futhi igweme i-bluing.
Okufanayo kusebenza nakwamanye amathuluzi okuqedela ochwepheshe.Cabanga ngesander yebhande eyakhelwe izindawo okunzima ukuzifinyelela.Umphelelisi angayisebenzisa ukwenza i-fillet weld phakathi kwamabhodi amabili nge-engeli ebukhali.Esikhundleni sokususa isander yebhande lomunwe libheke phezulu (uhlobo olufana nokuxubha amazinyo), uchwepheshe ulihambisa ngokuvundlile onqenqemeni olungaphezulu lwe-fillet weld bese ligudla ngezansi, eqinisekisa ukuthi i-sander yomunwe ayihlali endaweni eyodwa kakhulu.isikhathi eside.yinde .
Ukushisela, ukugaya kanye nokuqeda insimbi engagqwali kuza nenye inselele: ukuqinisekisa ukudlula ngendlela efanele.Ngemva kwazo zonke lezi ziphazamiso, ingabe kukhona ukungcola okwasala phezu kwendawo okwakungavimbela ukwakheka kwemvelo kongqimba lwensimbi engagqwali ye-chromium phezu kwayo yonke indawo?Into yokugcina ayidingayo umkhiqizi ikhasimende elithukuthele elikhononda ngezingxenye ezigqwalile noma ezingcolile.Yilapho ukuhlanza okufanele kanye nokulandeleka kwenzeka khona.
Ukuhlanzwa kwe-electrochemical kungasiza ekususeni ukungcola ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhamba kahle, kodwa lokhu kuhlanza kufanele kwenziwe nini?Kuya ngesicelo.Uma abakhiqizi behlanza insimbi engagqwali ukuze baqinisekise ukudlula okuphelele, ngokuvamile bakwenza lokho ngokushesha ngemva kokushisela.Ukwehluleka ukwenza lokho kusho ukuthi isisetshenziswa sokuqedela singamunca ukungcola okungaphezulu kucezu lokusebenza bese sikusabalalisa kwezinye izindawo.Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ezibucayi, abakhiqizi bangase bengeze izinyathelo zokuhlanza ezengeziwe-mhlawumbe ngisho nokuhlola ukunyakaza okufanele ngaphambi kokuba insimbi engagqwali isuke phansi efektri.
Ake sithi umkhiqizi ushisela ingxenye ebalulekile yensimbi engagqwali embonini yenuzi.Umshiseli we-tungsten arc ochwepheshe wenza umthungo oshelelayo obukeka uphelele.Kodwa futhi, lolu uhlelo olubalulekile.Ilungu lomnyango wokuqedela lisebenzisa ibhulashi elixhunywe ohlelweni lokuhlanza lwe-electrochemical ukuhlanza indawo yokushisela.Wabe esehlanganisa insimbi yokushisela ngendwangu engalukiwe kanye nendwangu yokusula futhi waqeda yonke into endaweni ebushelelezi.Bese kuza ibhulashi lokugcina elinesistimu yokuhlanza i-electrochemical.Ngemuva kosuku noma ezimbili zesikhathi sokuphumula, sebenzisa isihloli esiphathekayo ukuze uhlole ingxenye ukuthi idlula ngendlela efanele.Imiphumela, erekhodiwe futhi ilondolozwe nomsebenzi, yabonisa ukuthi ingxenye yayivele idlule ngokuphelele ngaphambi kokuphuma embonini.
Ezitshalweni eziningi zokukhiqiza, ukugaya, ukuqeda, nokuhlanza ukudluliswa kwensimbi engagqwali ngokuvamile kwenzeka ezinyathelweni ezilandelayo.Eqinisweni, ngokuvamile zenziwa ngaphambi nje kokuba umsebenzi uthunyelwe.
Izingxenye ezifakwe ngomshini ngendlela engafanele zidala ezinye zezicucu ezibiza kakhulu futhi zisebenza kabusha, ngakho-ke kunengqondo ukuthi abakhiqizi baphinde babheke iminyango yabo yokufaka isihlabathi nokuqeda.Ukuthuthukiswa kokugaya nokuqeda kusiza ukuqeda izingqinamba ezibalulekile, ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi, ukuqeda ubuhlungu bekhanda futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, ukwandisa ukwaneliseka kwamakhasimende.
I-FABRICATOR ingumagazini ohamba phambili eNyakatho Melika wokwenziwa kwensimbi nokwakha.Umagazini ushicilela izindaba, izindatshana zobuchwepheshe kanye nezindaba zempumelelo ezenza abakhiqizi bakwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wabo ngempumelelo.U-FABRICATOR ubekulo mkhakha kusukela ngo-1970.
Manje ngokufinyelela okugcwele kwe-The FABRICATOR digital edition, ukufinyelela okulula kuzinsiza ezibalulekile zemboni.
Uhlelo lwedijithali lwe-The Tube & Pipe Journal manje selufinyeleleka ngokugcwele, lunikeza ukufinyelela okulula kuzinsiza ezibalulekile zemboni.
Thola ukufinyelela okudijithali okugcwele ku-STAMPING Journal, equkethe ubuchwepheshe bamuva nje, imikhuba ehamba phambili nezindaba zemboni zemakethe yokugxiviza ngensimbi.
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