Naphezu kwenani eliphakeme, amathangi okufudumeza amanzi ensimbi engagqwali ngokuvamile anezindleko ezingcono uma eqhathanisa izindleko zomjikelezo wempilo futhi kufanele ethulwe kanjalo.
Izifudumezi zamanzi zasekhaya ziyizingane zangempela zomhlaba wemishini.Avame ukuchayeka endaweni enzima kakhulu futhi ukusebenza kwawo kanzima akunakwa.Ohlangothini lwamanzi lwe-heater, amaminerali, umoya-mpilo, amakhemikhali kanye nenhlabathi konke kuyahlaselwa.Uma kuziwa ekushiseni, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu, ukucindezeleka okushisayo, kanye ne-flue gas condensate kungadala umonakalo ezintweni zonke.
Uma kuziwa ekunakekeleni, izifudumezi zamanzi ashisayo zasekhaya (DHW) zonke azinakwa.Abanikazi bezindlu abaningi bawathatha kalula futhi bawaqaphela kuphela lapho engasebenzi noma evuza.Hlola i-anode rod?Hlanza inzika?Ingabe lukhona uhlelo lokulungisa?Khohlwa, asinankinga.Akumangalisi ukuthi imishini eminingi ye-DHW inokuphila okufushane.
Ingabe lesi sikhathi sokuphila esifushane singathuthukiswa?Ukusebenzisa izifudumezi ze-DHW ezenziwe ngensimbi engagqwali kungenye yezindlela zokwandisa isikhathi sokuphila.Insimbi engagqwali iyinto eqinile futhi ehlala isikhathi eside enikeza ukumelana okungcono nokuhlaselwa ngase-waterside kanye ne-fireside, enikeza i-heater ithuba lokuhlinzeka impilo ende yesevisi.Okuwukuphela kokwehla kwangempela kwensimbi engagqwali izindleko eziphezulu zezinto zokwakha kanye nokwakhiwa.Ezindaweni eziphakeme ze-DHW yi-heater encintisana kakhulu ne-DHW yemakethe.
Insimbi engagqwali igama elijwayelekile lama-alloys ayinsimbi anokuqukethwe kwe-chromium okungenani okungu-10.5%.Ezinye izici ezifana ne-nickel, i-molybdenum, i-titanium ne-carbon nazo zingangezwa ukuze zinikeze ukumelana nokugqwala, amandla kanye nokwakheka. Kunezinhlanganisela eziningi ezihlukene zalezi zingxubevange zensimbi ezikhiqiza “izinhlobo” ezithile kanye nokuthi “insimbi engenasici” ayisho lutho ngensimbi engagqwali.
Uma othile ethi "nginike amapayipi epulasitiki" ungalethani? I-PEX, i-CPVC, i-polyethylene? Wonke lawa amapayipi "epulasitiki", kodwa wonke anezakhiwo ezihluke kakhulu, amandla kanye nezicelo. Okufanayo kuya ngensimbi engagqwali. Kunamabanga ensimbi engagqwali angaphezu kuka-150, wonke anezakhiwo ezihluke kakhulu futhi asetshenziswayo.Izinsimbi ezingenasici ngokuvamile ezisetshenziswa ezifubeni zokushisisa ezi-3 ezivame ukwenziwa ngezinsimbi ezingenasici ezingu-3 kuphela eziyi-30 kuphela ezisetshenziswa ezifuyweni ezingag , 316Ti futhi 444.
Umehluko phakathi kwalawa mabanga ukugcwala kwengxubevange kuwo.Zonke izinsimbi ezingenasici ze-“300″ zebanga ziqukethe cishe u-18% we-chromium kanye ne-nickel engu-10%. Amabanga amabili angu-316 nawo aqukethe u-2% we-molybdenum, kuyilapho izinga le-316Ti lino-1% we-titanium engezwe ku-mix. Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-molybsion ephezulu ye-304, i-molybdenum ye-304 ephakeme kakhulu, i-molybdenum ye-304 ephezulu ukumelana nokugqwala kwemigodi nokugqwala endaweni ye-chloride.I-titanium yebanga le-316Ti iyinika ukubukeka namandla okuhle kakhulu.Ibanga lesi-444 linayo i-chromium ne-molybdenum, kodwa alinayo noma iyiphi i-nickel.Ngokuvamile, uma i-nickel, i-molybdenum, ne-titanium iyanda engxubeni, kulapho amandla kanye namandla akhuphukayo abiza i-heater, kodwa insimbi iba namandla aphezulu. , bhekisisa amamaki ngoba awafani
Insimbi engagqwali isetshenziswa kuzo zonke izinhlobo ezahlukene zokushisisa amanzi.Isetshenziswa kakhulu kuma-heaters e-DHW angaqondile kanye nama-condensing water heaters angenathangi.Ama-heater amanzi angaqondile aqukethe ikhoyili yokudlulisa ukushisa yangaphakathi exhunywe ku-boiler noma i-solar collector loop.Zivame kakhulu eYurophu kunaseCanada ngenxa yokubusa kwe-European hydro kanye nezinhlelo zokushisa amanzi elanga.
Ukwakhiwa kwensimbi engagqwali kwenza ingxenye enkulu yalezi zimakethe zaseYurophu ezingaqondile. E-Canada, amathangi ensimbi engagqwali kanye nensimbi enalayini wengilazi angaqondile ayatholakala, amathangi ensimbi engagqwali ngokuvamile anenani eliphakeme. Kuzifudumezi zamanzi ezingenathangi ezingajiki, isishintshi sokushisa ngokuvamile senziwa ngethusi. Ngokucindezela amayunithi okujikisa aphakeme aphezulu, izishintshisi zensimbi ezingenasici noma inhlanganisela yokushisa yensimbi engagqwali konke kuyinhlanganisela yensimbi engenasici. izifudumezi zamanzi zihlala ziyinkosi emakethe ye-heater yamanzi yaseCanada.Insimbi yekhabhoni enengilazi yengilazi ibusa lesi sigaba.Insimbi engagqwali ivamise ukusetshenziswa emathangini abamba ukushisa angenathangi noma acishiwe ngokuqondile.
Ukuze kwandiswe ukusebenza kahle kwalezi zisetshenziswa, igesi ephehlwayo kufanele ipholiswe ngaphansi kwendawo yamazolo ukuze kukhululwe ukushisa okucashile kukaphethiloli. I-condensate ewumphumela empeleni wumhwamuko wamanzi acwengekile ovela emikhiqizweni evuthayo, ene-pH ephansi kakhulu ne-acidity ephezulu. Le condensate ene-asidi kufanele ifakwe ngepayipi emseleni ukuze ilahlwe, kodwa inkinga enkulu yokushintshana kwamanzi ku-heater yamanzi iwukuba ushise kakhulu.
Izishintshi zokushisa ezenziwe ngensimbi evamile noma ithusi kunzima ukumelana nale gesi ye-flue condensate isikhathi eside.Insimbi engagqwali iyisinqumo esihle sempahla ngenxa yokumelana nokugqwala okuphezulu nokuguquguquka, okukuvumela ukuthi yenze izimo eziyinkimbinkimbi zokushintsha ukushisa.Kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-condensing water heaters ezingenathangi ezisebenzisa insimbi engagqwali yokushisa ukushisa. kuze kufike ku-0.97.
Izifudumezi zamanzi zamathangi ezinobuchwepheshe bokufingqa seziqala ukusetshenziswa njalo, ikakhulukazi ngolunye ushintsho lwekhodi yesakhiwo oludinga ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu kwesifudumezi samanzi. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zezakhiwo ezivamile kule makethe. Amathangi anemigqa yengilazi akha izishintshi zokushisa ezicwiliswa ngokuphelele zesibili. Ingaphandle (uhlangothi lwamanzi) nangaphakathi (uhlangothi lomlilo) lwamakhoyili okushintshanisa ukushisa anezimbobo zengilazi ezinelayini ngaphakathi, futhi amamodeli afakwe ingilazi avimbela amamodeli afakwe ingilazi ngaphakathi. ithangi lensimbi engagqwali kanye nokwakhiwa kwekhoyili akuvamile, kodwa kunezakhiwo eziningana ezinjalo zensimbi engagqwali ezitholakalayo.
Izindleko zokuqala zethangi elinengilazi ziphansi ngempela, futhi isikhathi kuphela esizosho ukuthi isishintshi sokushisa sizomelana kanjani nezimo ezicindezelayo. Lezi zifudumezi ezintsha zamanzi ethangi le-condensate ziyakwazi ukufeza ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu kunezifudumezi zamanzi ezicishiwe ezivamile, ezinamandla okushisa asukela ku-90% kuya ku-96%. .
Bhekisisa izifudumezi zamanzi zamathangi futhi uzothola ukuthi izinhlobo eziningi zamakhoyili angaphakathi adubulayo, angaqondile, kanye namathangi okugcina aqondile anengilazi yokwakhiwa kwensimbi engagqwali.
Ngakho-ke, yiziphi izinzuzo zensimbi engagqwali ngaphezu kwengilazi elayishiwe?Uwaqinisekisa kanjani amakhasimende ukuthi atshale imali eningi emathangeni ensimbi engagqwali?Inzuzo enkulu yensimbi engagqwali ukumelana kwayo ngokwemvelo nokugqwala kwamanzi ahlanzekile, okwandisa impilo yesevisi.Ngenxa yokwakheka kwayo kwama-alloys ensimbi angagqwali, amathangi ensimbi engagqwali anamandla futhi ahlala isikhathi eside kunethangi lensimbi elivikela ingilazi le-corroxide yemvelo ene-glass-lined corrosion. umbono.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amathangi anemigqa yengilazi athembele kumugqa wengilazi ukuze anikeze umgoqo phakathi kwe-carbon steel namanzi. Uma kunikezwe ithuba, umoya-mpilo namakhemikhali asemanzini azohlasela insimbi futhi ayogqwala ngokushesha. Njengoba cishe kungenzeki ukusebenzisa noma yikuphi ukunamathela okuvikelayo kahle (akukho mifantu emincane kakhulu noma amaphutha ephinifa kungqimba lwethangi elivikelayo) i-rod-line yethangi le-anofic ihlanganisa i-rod-line.
Izigxobo ze-anode zomhlatshelo zizoguga ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, futhi lapho inqubo isiqediwe, i-electrolysis izoqala ukuguguleka izindawo zensimbi eziveziwe ngaphakathi kwethangi.Izinga lapho i-anode iqedwa khona lincike kwikhwalithi yamanzi kanye nenani lamanzi asetshenzisiwe.Ama-anode omhlatshelo ngokuvamile ahlala iminyaka emithathu kuya kwemihlanu, futhi ama-anode angashintshwa ukuze avimbele umonakalo owengeziwe.
Eqinisweni, ukuhlolwa okuvamile nokushintshwa kwama-anode kuvame ukunganakwa, futhi ithangi liyavuza, okubangela ukuba yonke iyunithi ishintshwe.Ngokungafani namathangi anengilazi, amathangi ensimbi engagqwali awadingi "ama-anode omhlatshelo" ukuze avimbele ukugqwala ezindaweni zawo.Lokhu kusho ukuthi asikho isidingo sokuhlola noma ukufaka esikhundleni se-anode, ukonga isikhathi sokugcinwa kwamanzi kanye nezindleko zokuphila isikhathi eside.
Ngenxa yalokhu kuqina okukhulayo nokumelana nokugqwala, ngokuvamile uzothola amathangi ensimbi engagqwali aneziqinisekiso ezinde, kanti abanye abakhiqizi banikeza iziqinisekiso zempilo yonke zamathangi.
Amathangi ensimbi engagqwali nawo anenzuzo yokuba lula uma kuqhathaniswa namathangi afakwe ingilazi, okwenza kube lula ukuthutha, ukuphatha nokufaka.Ubukhulu bodonga lwensimbi engagqwali esetshenziswa emathangini ngokuvamile buncane kakhulu kunamathangi ensimbi afanayo anemigqa yengilazi.Kuhlanganiswe nesisindo sengilazi elayishiwe ngokwaso, izimbiza ezifakwe ingilazi ngokuvamile ziba nzima kakhulu.
Ngokungafani nezimbiza ezifakwe ingilazi, izimbiza zensimbi ezingenasici zidinga ukunakwa okuncane lapho zithunyelwa, futhi ingilazi yengilazi ingalimala ngesikhathi sokuthunyelwa.Uma uhlaka lwengilazi yethangi lonakalisiwe noma luqhekekile ngenxa yokuphatha kabi ngesikhathi sokuthunyelwa noma ukufakwa, ngeke kwaziwe kuze kube yilapho ithangi lihluleka ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
Amathangi ensimbi engagqwali ngokuvamile akwazi ukumelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu kunamathangi anengilazi, futhi amazinga okushisa angaphezu kuka-180F angeke alethe izinkinga.Amanye amathangi anengilazi anezingilazi ajwayele ukuba nengcindezi emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, okuholela engcupheni enkulu yokulimala kwengilazi.Amazinga okushisa angaphezu kuka-160F angaba yinkinga kwezinye izingilazi zengilazi.Izidingo zokushisa zamanzi ezimbonini ezifana nokugcinwa kwamanzi ezimbonini ezinjengama-solar applications angabona ukushisa okukhulu kwamanzi embonini.
Kunconywa ukuthi uthintane nomkhiqizi wethangi elinengilazi ukuze uthole izinga lokushisa eliphezulu elinconywayo eliphezulu.Amathangi ensimbi engagqwali ngokuvamile ayisinqumo esingcono sezinhlelo zokusebenza zokushisa okuphezulu.
Akungabazeki ukuthi izindleko zokuqala zethangi lensimbi engenasici ziphakeme kunethangi elinengilazi elinengilazi.Kodwa ngenxa yezizathu ezishiwo lapha, izindleko zomjikelezo wokuphila wethangi elifakwe ingilazi zingase zibe phezulu.Uma uqhathanisa lezi zindleko zomjikelezo wokuphila, amathangi ensimbi angenasici ngokuvamile abiza kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi kufanele aboniswe kumakhasimende.
Robert Waters is President of Solar Water Services Inc., which provides training, education and support services to the hydroelectric power industry.He is a Mechanical Engineering Technology graduate from Humber College with over 30 years experience in circulating water and solar water heating.He can be reached at solwatservices@gmail.com.
Abafundi bathola imifundaze ye-HRAI.https://www.hpacmag.com/human-resources/students-awarded-with-hrai-bursary/1004133729/
I-AD Canada isingatha umcimbi wokuqala wokuxhumana wemboni yabesifazane.https://www.hpacmag.com/human-resources/ad-canada-holds-first-women-in-industry-network-event/1004133708/
Isidingo sezimvume zokwakha zokuhlala siyaqhubeka nokukhula.https://www.hpacmag.com/construction/demand-for-residential-building-permits-continues-to-grow/1004133714/
Action Furnace 收购 Direct Energy Alberta.https://www.hpacmag.com/heat-plumbing-air-conditioning-general/action-furnace-acquires-direct-energy-alberta/1004133702/
I-HRAI ibona amalungu ngemiklomelo ka-2021 Yempumelelo.https://www.hpacmag.com/heat-plumbing-air-conditioning-general/hrai-recognizes-members-with-2021-achievement-awards/1004133651/