Introduction
Stainless steels are high-alloy steels. These steels are available in four groups that include martensitic, austenitic, ferritic and precipitation-hardened steels. These groups are formed based on the crystalline structure of stainless steels.
Stainless steels contain larger amounts of chromium in comparison with other steels and thus have good corrosion resistance. Most of the stainless steels contain about 10% of chromium.
Grade 2205 stainless steel is a duplex stainless steel whose design enables combining improved resistance to pitting, high strength, stress corrosion, crevice corrosion and cracking. Grade 2205 stainless steel resists sulfide stress corrosion and chloride environments.
The following datasheet provides an overview of grade 2205 stainless steel.
Chemical Composition
The chemical composition of grade 2205 stainless steel is outlined in the following table.
|
Element |
Content (%) |
|
Iron, Fe |
63.75-71.92 |
|
Chromium, Cr |
21.0-23.0 |
|
Nickel, Ni |
4.50-6.50 |
|
Molybdenum, Mo |
2.50-3.50 |
|
Manganese, Mn |
2.0 |
|
Silicon, Si |
1.0 |
|
Nitrogen, N |
0.080-0.20 |
|
Carbon, C |
0.030 |
|
Phosphorous, P |
0.030 |
|
Sulfur, S |
0.020 |
Physical Properties
The following table shows the physical properties of grade 2205 stainless steel.
|
Properties |
Metric |
Imperial |
|
Density |
7.82 g/cm³ |
0.283 lb/in³ |
Mechanical Properties
The mechanical properties of grade 2205 stainless steel are displayed in the following table.
|
Properties |
Metric |
Imperial |
|
Tensile strength at break |
621 MPa |
90000 psi |
|
Yield strength (@strain 0.200 %) |
448 MPa |
65000 psi |
|
Elongation at break (in 50 mm) |
25.0 % |
25.0 % |
|
Hardness, Brinell |
293 |
293 |
|
Hardness, Rockwell c |
31.0 |
31.0 |
Thermal Properties
The thermal properties of grade 2205 stainless steel are given in the following table.
|
Properties |
Metric |
Imperial |
|
Thermal expansion co-efficient (@20-100°C/68-212°F) |
13.7 µm/m°C |
7.60 µin/in°F |
Other Designations
Equivalent materials to grade 2205 stainless steel are:
- ASTM A182 Grade F51
- ASTM A240
- ASTM A789
- ASTM A790
- DIN 1.4462
Fabrication and Heat Treatment
Annealing
Grade 2205 stainless steel is annealed at 1020-1070°C (1868-1958°F) and then water quenched.
Hot Working
Grade 2205 stainless steel is hot worked in the temperature range of 954-1149°C (1750-2100°F). Hot working of this grade stainless steel under room temperature is recommended whenever possible.
Welding
Welding methods recommended for grade 2205 stainless steel include SMAW, MIG, TIG and manual covered electrode methods. During the welding process, the material should be cooled below 149°C (300°F) between passes and preheating of the weld piece should be avoided. Low heat inputs should be used for welding grade 2205 stainless steel.
Forming
Grade 2205 stainless steel is difficult to form due to its high strength and work hardening rate.
Machinability
Grade 2205 stainless steel can be machined with either carbide or high speed tooling. The speed is reduced by about 20% when carbide tooling is used.
Applications
Grade 2205 stainless steel is used in the following applications:
- Flue gas filters
- Chemical tanks
- Heat exchangers
- Acetic acid distillation components